1931-08-22 — Page 2

Use Green Island Cement

for

Constructural Work of

Every escription.

HOW GREEN ISLAND CEMENT IS MADE

Green Island Cement is manufactured from hard limestone and clay,, It is necessary that these materials should be finely ground in order that they may come into intimate contact with one another in the burning process.

The finely pulverised materials are mixed & certain definite proportion, roughly one part of clay to three of limestone, and are fed to the Rotary Kilns.

In these kilns they meet the hot gases and flames generated by pulverised coal blown in at the other end of the kilns, and after various chemical actions have taken place, they combine. to form Portland Cement Clinker.

The Clinker is ground down with a small percentage of gypsum to regulate the setting time, and Green Island Portland Cement is thus produced,

Although sounding so simple, in reality the process is an intricate combination of mechanical, physical and chemical operations, needing great skill and care. Nothing but constant accurate supervision will yield the results so well-known with Green Island Cement, namely, strength, uniformity and reliability."

USE GREEN ISLAND CEMENT

Issued by the

GREEN ISLAND CEMENT CO. LTD.

2ND FLOOR

EXCHANGE BUILDING

HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, AUGUST 22, 1931.

ENGINEERING AND BUILDING

CO-ORDINATION OF NATURAL POWER RESOURCES.

RELATIVE USES AND ADVANTAGES OF COAL, WATER AND OIL

THE PROBLEM AS IT AFFECTS GREAT BRITAIN.

S.S. STENTOR TO HAVE BURMEISTER AND WAIN ENGINE

MARINE ENGINES RE-ENGINING A BLUE AND MOTOR BOATS. FUNNEL LINER.

THE YACHTING INDUSTRY.

for economical pork load. More

At the end of last year the num recently the availability of relative;ber of yachts registered in United cheap, antural oil har rondured States totalled 248,488 This large further hydroelectric elopmenta

figure does not include nuxiliary The demand for increased speed, unjustifiable:

sailing vessa's of under five tons for both cargo and passenger nor motor boats of under 18ft in-liners, has led to some very interest length, and since in America, as thing conversions of comparatively other countries, the small craft much out number the registerable craft it is perhaps not unrenson conclude that the total o ́able":

conclude

the total

tal of private vessels all Bort in the United States is not very much short of 1,000,000. It winy be added that the

Oil Fuel: Whatever may be the position of oil in the field of power production there is no gaizsnying the enormous increase in output from the oil fields during the past forty years. During this period the production has been raised from 148 million to 1,500 million barrola. With this large development there is still no

of

While recently issued statistics Factors contributing" show that coal production during creased efficiency in steam raia the last quarter of 1030 was

was ing are inorensed steam tom sign of dearth, and all now de total number of motor boats, com- markodly below that of the correperatures and prestres

And mands are being met. This coun-mercial as well as private, in the sponding period of the previous increased abbrustiques of energy try's imports of oil are, however, United States, is given as 1,450,000. year-the reduction being nearly from the steam. 2,000,000 tona-thero is the reassure of the fuel is being reduced by the that so much effort is directed to approach these inmeuse âgures. interesting fact relating to this in

Further, the cast prodigious, and it is small wonder Britain can hardly expect even ing note in the report of the Elco tricity Commissioners that during use of lower grade fuels, of which April the units of electricity gener, there are some striking examples is $47,000,000, an increase of 2.1 per this country. Indeed, it is possible cent, over the corresponding month of 1930,

ated in totalled

As far as Great Britain is cernod, "eoa] must still rank as the main source of power. This is exemplified in the statistics publish- ed annually by the Electricity Com-: missioners, which show that with the exception of a small percentage, the whole of Great Britain's power

is steam raised from coal.

wards the problem of attaining much larger yields of oil products from coal. If material success is to foreso the time when fuel oins yet not realised there is the hope 1 per unit, which at 10, per develop along commercial lines. sumption may be of the order of that present, progress may yet

ton is equal to one twentieth of n penny per unit.:.

Though it is looking well ahead, the use of steam at 2,500lb, per sq. in and 1,000 deg. F. might result in The rapidly increasing consump a heat consumption of only 9,500 lion of coal, both at home and B.Th.U.'s per finit, representing an | org is very apparent up to the overall thermal efficiency of 36 per year 1914 In this country output had increased eight times in a cen- cent. Other contributory factors tury, while the population had must be the increased size of units, doubled itself, the supply to other increase il load factor, which fintions assisting considerably to wards the increased outpat. Ele will be realised through, developed where, however, the output increase transmission systems and a redue- was still larger. From 1903 to 1913 tion in operating coste. proximately 5 per cent, the world

Power Transmission.

now ships during recent months, the big Dutch passenger liner P.C. Hooft allording an excellent ex- ample of this policy. In England little work of this nature has boor carried out but the Blue Funner Line have 123 taken delivery the Stenter aftur laing re-engined and equipped with machinery 6,000 to 7,000 b.h.p. in the space previously occupied by the 4,000 h.h. p. enging installed in 1998 when the ship was built. Not the least

stallation, which will probably

will give an additional speed of knots, is that it represents the first British vessel to be propelled by the new type of Burmeister and Wain double acting two-stroke en gide The East Asiatic Company. have in service two ships, the Europe and Amerika, equipped with buch, plant, and the Stentor is the third to be fitted with one these remarkable gnila with thei large siceva exhaust valves at-top:

For one thing, disregarding the factor of respective pepurations it does not possoas vast inland water ways. But in the Dominions, Co caies, and Dependencies British builders have, needless to say, an comparable scope and opportunity,

The American #gures would be of striking interest if they did no more than revent the wide and rapid extension of the use of the marine motor for private and pleathe sure purposes. correanonding reports are publish and bottom, which allow a through ed in this country and compari-cavenge at ench and It is this

through scavenge, with the. excel son is therefore not possible,

None the less, it is hardly to bolent cumbustion that results from doubted that if the figures for Inst it, which enables the manufacturers of 1031 could be obtained they for is one of the most economics year and for the first six months to claim that the new type of mo

Unfortunately, no

there was an annual increase of AP Progress during the past few stations. "It found its first large would show a big increase in Briyet developed.

The problem of power trans mission occupies a larger place in the aphere of pruduction and use than ever before, Timo was when olcotricity supply was a parochial matter. Now it has developed to one of international moment. The problem involves transmission over long distances of power dorived either from a relatively few large and widely separated stations, From a multiplicity of more local

appplication in the case of water tish motor yachtine and motor engine of the Stentor is acs power, but the advantages of the

Louting.

''Motor-yachting" and tually the first of its class, for in. Europa and Amerika the scaveng. modern system, which covers water "motor boating" are clumsy Forms Eu and thermal stations, are apparent and perhaps the time has come ing air is supplied from separate in that the lack of uniformity, of when cue or other should be dron electrically driven blowers. In the the supply of water-developed powned or an entirely new word sub

Stentor, the blowe, of the rotary, were first mooted in the Coal under can be made good by the more stituted to include both. But the typu, jo driven by chain from the engine crankshaft, and this is the system which, it is understood, will now be adopted as a standard for the B & W doubleccting motor. There are one or two other altera- tions in the design of the engines of the Bus Funnol liner, rendering. equipment one of much interest

be put increasing from 800,000,000 years, especially when taken in to 1,250,000,000 tons. With the same consideration and contrasted with rate of increase the present output would have been of the arder of pro-war achievements, leaves the 2.503,000,009 tonn, far in excess of firm impression that power on country th present output. In this gineers have gone a long way to country the output during this past wards realising the ideals which four years has been only 91.8 per cent. of what it was prior to 1914. Several factors have contributed to wards this: reduction..

Conserving Coal.

Power Commissions which sat dur ing the late war period..

יויו

Water Power:

If coal has been the source of Great Britain's era of industrial

In the first place, there has been the restriction imposed upon the use of con] by the emergencies of the war Alternative fuels unge tried wore in some cases adhered to. But the larger factor has been prosperity, other countries possess the organisation of power supplies ing a plenitude of water power

extensive use of steam power through the same maing

Such a scheme is well exemplified in the ease of France, in which the water power of the Pyrenees-which varies widely with winter frost and that of the Massif Central where the most marked change is

by the installation of more efficient might achieve industrial greatness due to rainfall-and the thermal

Eplant and the co-ordination secured

by the development of an effective by the successful development and stations of the Northern Coalfields means of distribution.

transmission of hydro-electric powere interconnected through a system A most important factor is thater. Not often does the water ocenr of maine at 60,000 volts and over. of thermal power station efficiency. This may now be regarded as havat locations convenient for indus- Sy considerable are the advan ing attained a figure of 23 per trial developments, and efficient ages of such systems of in

of intercon- cent, and while the average con- transmission is thus even more in nection that a proposal was put sumption of coal is of the order of 21h, per unit, a general increase in portant than the development of the forward at the recent World Power efficiency to 21 per cent, would at power. The potential water-power Conference at Berlin for the estal unce effect a further annual saving of the world is rockoned at 100lishment of a European super of some 3,000,000 tons of coal,

million herse-power, of which about power system involving the use of one-twelfth only in being used. transmission. lines at 400,000 volts. There is a wide divergence in the There would at once accrue, some amount of power in comparison advantages from e

even the astrono- with the local population,

mical time difference of stations Canada provides a striking ex- which would come within the scope ample of extensive developments in of such a scheme. this direction, for in the last twenty-British Developments. years the output per person has

COLORCRETE

ANTI-GLARE

COLOURED

SNOWCRETE WHITE

FERROCRETE

RAPID HARDENING

PORTLAND

WATER CEMENT

BOLE AGENTS 2

-STOCKS CARRIED.

DODWELL & CO. LTD.

QUEENIS BUILDING · HONG KONG.

PHONE1280215

times or nearly six Linca the retual developed power, so that to-day

separate designations stick, perhaps because in a rough-and-ready way they indicate a difference in size. Broadly speaking, a decked-in ves sel above five tons is entitled to the amplor term "yacht," while under that size she does not often claim

the

to be anything but a "beat" to digtners Prosumably the perly, the word "yacht," means manufacture of this class of double- "a private pleasure vessel, not py- acting two-stroke onging will, shon- ing for hire," and for the sake of Messrs Harland, and Wolf, but at er or latör, bo undertaken by accuracy al such should be so present no British-built motors or called,

BU DA the class have been begun. It may be recalled that a unit of this de sign is being built for stationary purposes in Denmark to develop about 22,500 h.h.p. in eight cylind

As the two terms are employed, however, neither "motor yachting nor motor boating" describes one very important and very valuable development of the use of the marine motor--namely, what is vaguely termed, for want of a bet- ter word, "auxiliary yachts or "auxiliary yachting. Within the past three or fo

four years the use of auxiliary engines by sailing yachts has enormously increased; indeed, it cannot be an exaggeration to say that

out of every 100 cruis-

ETA

M

NEW METHOD OF PRESERVING FOOD.

INVENTION BY IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES.

An entirely new method of food. preservation, one which should increased nearly four and a bale While the problem of power pro-ing vessols are now fitted with, of fresh foode, has been evolved greatly facilitate direut distribution duction has its worldwide aspects petrol or of engine. New craft are at Billingham-on-Tees by Luperial there are naturally some phases almost invariably so ätted,

Chemical Industries, The new nearly 9 per cent, of the power e country and the development of ita sels having power but no sails, in. “Drikold," which, while being 30:

more intimately concern this

methods embodies the employment Motor-yachte, that is to say, ves of a refrigorating agent called" the country is derived from water, industry. Here there is a clamour crease in numbers and in types,ture at the North Pole, is entirely the total representing 5,720,000 hp.

degrees colder than the tempora In the United States 25 per cent

dry, and evaporates into thin aire

which

for cheaper and an equivalent de The predominant type this season,

of the total power used was derived mand for a larger consumption. It to judge by recent launches is a-It is a preparation of carbon from water, this representing about goes without saying that cheapened twin-scrow sea-going class of vessel 14,000,000h.p. Soms Europasn countries provide outstanding es coste, of production will at unce of round about edit in length mples of water power, development, guarantee the larger consumption, Most of these new vessels have been while never home the harnessing of and the Electricity Commisioners

the Shannon in the Irish Free State are sanguine of a much-incrented built on the Clyde, others have and the addition of nearly 200,000 consumption per head of popula come from South Coast fards lips of bydroelectric plant in Scottion with the development of their land and Wales are not negligible scheme for the national treatment Buch contributions to the solution of the of the matter. power problem.

sex-going motor-yachts,

dioxide (009) in solid form, and compressed snow! It has a tem resembles in appearance a block of Ferature of 144 degrees of frost (approximately 112 dag. F.) and has several times the refrigerating power of ordinary ice. It gives off a non-poisonous and odourless Bugs built in old-established British food product with which it comes vapout which cannot affect any Their problem is, however, rather sards by shipwrights experienced into contact. This is an extremely The attractiveness of the use of more dificult than that offered by in what a great yacht designer call-valuable feature of the new agent running water provided by Naturo other countries in that in this coun- is, however, offset by some disad try there is so much power general ad the poetry of shipbuüding," ratain the natural flavour of food the difficulty has always been to antages which cannot Vightly why the indinke localities, while ignored. Most important is the un- abroad large hydro-electric stations

are incontestably the finest exam in the preserving process," Dri evenness of the Bow, during several exist altogether removed from the ples of modern yacht construction, and the problem remains how to ckold froetes only as it evaporates, months of the year. To overcome soobs of industry

and it is most encouraging to makes ysporate at the right this disadvantage the Edilding of The Grid scheme depends, there learn that orders from foreign own storage resoryoira involves-a-costly fore, more especially on economies item, "and" conservation by ration in capital expenditure on generalers, which formed a considerable ing thust be regarded as soms hau ing stations, and in the increased part of those secured by our yacht dicap

thermal efficiencies of those retain industry before the War, are again Again, while the trond of watered and installed in the system. flower costa, is, distinctly upwards, the matter of ferdduction of being received. As the best sites were frst develop power from coal Great Britain need | Smaller vessels, motor boats (as ad there has been the opportunity give place to no ano, and the more distines from motor yachts") are for the efficient combination of both extensive and cheapened produe usually built by firms specializing water and fool in maintaining ation wil, makai for the alleviation in one or more types: Janifera and Hoopomić) alppi, be of Beads and continuous labour and often exceeding 24or

power. This is instanced in this the Meroase of the amenities of life those firms, although established possible to send cream case of California. Early develop, including those of travel, which since the War, era by now" very cardbo mentat made in vitaridayor, found their origin with the develop widely known for their producte fuel bildg "retatively costly Next ment of power from con) with the Ira distinguished by the fine and steaia power provided deadeneren introduction of the steam engine sound workmanshiy chemoterisțio during drought and sidudby lure by James Watti, a century, and a half of British shipwrights and marité. ing transmission line failures and ago.

ம

rate for each different purpose.

tea should However, largely problems confronting the dairy pro- Overogme one of the most difficult. duce trade to ensure hygienic transport from the farmer to the

of the new agent butter can be HOME central dairy station. By the us

kept hard during distribution the hottest weather milk can be not kept coo, from the APE

post in

For some