1931-03-17 — Page 2

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AIRWAYS AND AVIATION.

JAPAN'S AERIAL

PROGRESS.

SOME ELOQUENT FACTS.

During the civil war of 1977, the Japanese Government manufactur. ed a balloon intended for use in its punitive expedition against the in- surgents. Although this balloon was not used it marks the first step taken in manufacturing aircraft in Japan.

-tion-of-international_air_lines, and of Junker L. 55. Within the wings are about to achieve their ends, are provided 30 beds. The visit to Japan of the Graf Zeppelin on August 19, 1929, gave * tremendous impetus to Japan's aviation circles.

+.

The Last Eighteen Months.

The Tozai Teiki Aviation In-

stitute, opened a regular aerial postal service on September 3, 1929, between Tokyo and Hokuriku districts,

The Ishikawajima Aeroplane Manufacturing Works, in October, In 1804, a glider model was com029, purchased the right of manu pleted by Mr. C. Ninomiya, and facturing in Japan the Slot Wings during the Russo-Japanese War of invented by Dr. Rahaman (a Ger. 1904-8, the Japanese army for the man expert attached to the works) first time utilized balloons for re from a British firm in possession of connoitring and other purposes..

the right in question.

In 1907, a balloon corp was pr- ganized. In 1910, two military offices, Lieutenants Hino and Tokugawa, were derpatched to Europe to study aerial navigation, and upon their return at the end of the same year, performed flights at Yoyogi near Tokyo.

The 5th Civil Aviators' flight con- test was held at the Yoyogi Parade Ground, on November 3, 1928, in which 21 planes participated, two being piloted by girl fliers.

The Japan Aviation School open- ed л regular aerial passenger, freight and mail service between A few months prior to the flights Tokyo and Shimoda on November above-mentioned, Nr. Yamada |navigated an airship between Osaka and Komada, the first nerial flight

in Japan.

17, 1920, with mono-hydroplanes, The service on May 10, 1930, has

extended to Numazu and Shimizu, The Technical Research Section In 1911, an American land-'plane of the Military Air Force develop pilot arrived in Japan, and in Apriled in April, 1930, a new and easy of the same year, a military aero method of producing hydrogen gas Girst established at to be used for airships. By this invention, gas to fill 300 cubic

drome Wat Tokorozawa.

In 1912, another American water.metres can be produced in eight 'plane pilot arrived in Japan, and hours, whereas by the older system in the autumn manœuvres A Dum-

it took several days. ber of neroplanes and airships participated.

in 1013, the Imperial Aviation Society was established, In this year, a civil aviator, Mr. K. Takei shi, while flying at Fukagusa, was killed, the first aerial disaster, in Japan. In the following year, 1914, an aerial contest was held under The auspices of the Imperial Avin- tion Society. In 1910, Mr. Art

·Smith, arrived in Japan and dis. played his wonderin feats.

In 1917, civil aviation enterprises were temporarily destroyed, owing to the tidal wave that swept the

const in Kwanto' district in. the autumn of that year.

In

la 1020, the Bureau of Aerial Navigation was established. 1921, regulations for the control of aerial navigation were promulgated and put in forée.

In 1921, a regular air line was opened between Sakai and Shikoku

tion Research Institute.

Of aviation and other organs, a league "of students' aviation 1880- ciations, consisting of six univer. sities and two colleges in Tokyo, was organized in April, 1930, and commenced aerial training from June, 1930 With, the support of the Burenu, the lengae contem plates holding its first champion. ship contest among student avic- tors in the Spring of 1931. this coiitest, seven 'planes of vari- ous types are to be used.

For

Engineer Lieut. Comdr. T. Jaobe, veteran pilot in Japancae aviation, suceerded in manufacturing a glider for sporting purposes, which proved a great success when tested at Tokorozawa on May 11, 1030:

A remedy for aerial sickness" was discovered in May, 1830, by Captain H. Tanaka, M.D., Chief of the Medical Corps attached to the Kasumigaura Air Force.

In June, 1930, plans were formu-

ways.

!

BRITISH FLYING NEWS.

WELL DONE, ONTARIO!

LONDON, Feb. 10.

once again, Royal Air Force aero- planes have engaged in practical flying research which is perta redound to the future advantage o£* civil as well as military aviation,

The aeroplanes-Fairey 3F bi-. planca of No. 47 Bombing Squadron

toured the district for twelvo days in July, ataiting from "Khar- toum and following a tortuous took them along the White Nile, course in remote country which

over the Nuer region of the Sudan, and nearly to the frontier with Abyssinia.

war, a swift carrier of passengers, The aeroplano as a weapon, of

mails and urgent merchandise or a To facilitate regular acrini aer pleasant touring vehicle is familiar Lenough to European people. The vice at night, the Department of densely populated continent, sup The conclusions reached – ware Communications commissioned Mr. plied with highly developed ground mainly satisfactory. Along the M. Kawano, engineer of the Tokyo transport systems, and meticulous whole length of the main channel ly cultivated, offers small oppor of the Nile seaplanes can alight Electriu Company, to devine light-tunity for those, more drainatio and take off, even as far up the ing equipment for the regular air-ures of aviation common in other

river as Juba. The main tribut- lands. From time to time, there aries, including the Bahr el Zeraf Mr. Kawano has completed fore, the arrival in London of special lights capable of finding out statisties about other kinds of fly:

and the Balir el Ghazal, were found provide many suitable landing" the position of aerodromes anding-uch as those now recorded places, while the Sobat and Baro Provincial Ait rivers on the east side of the other safe landing points and also the Ontario

Servicc-comes as a revelation of

great river valley apparently, pro- of notifying aviators of the diree new and striking flying potentiali vids continuous lighting along. tion of the wind.

The record states briefy that far as the borders of Abyssinia. nearly their entire length as The Aeroplane Manuineturing fourteen Math" seaplanca-light Even in the dry season, the water Works nt Hamamatsu, having ipinnes fitted with floats instead operated aeroplane is considered secured a field of 120,000 tauho, flew more than 2,000 hours in the greater part of the immense res of land wheels and undercarriage preferable to the land 'plane; the adjacent to the military aerodrome operating year 1920-30. Ninety-five roughly coinciding with the Nuer at Mihogahara, as a site for the per cent, of that flying, which re-country is “sudded swamp land, presents at a conservative estimate where no aeroplane equipped only establishment of an aviation 720,000 miles, was flown in the six with land wheels could possibly academy, have applied to the D months between May 1 and October descend in onfety. partment of Education for approval (31. of their plans, If this project materializes, this will be the first institution of its kind established These aeroplanes are employed in

in Japan.

ties.

'FIGHTING FIRE.

the vital work of forest fire detec-

In early August, 1930, the Aviation. Each pilot is allotted a re- tion Burcan of the Department of ar patrol, usually somewhere be

tween 230 and 300 miles in length. formulated its During the Ronson of grentest Communications plans relating to projected regular hazard when fires may be caused by enreleas prospectors leaving aerial lines throughout the country their camy fires burning, by and decided that future extension thoughtless tourists out on fishing of existing lines be effected in drop lighted cigarette ends, or by or hunting trips who leave fires or accordance with these plans. Pas lightning, some of the pilots make senger planes on the regular line two or three patrols over their between Tokyo and Dairen haddeed, they spend ten, twelve or bents" each day. Frequently, in more hours a day in the cockpit, wireless and radio apparatus 'in- stalled as from September 23, 1030, Sundays as well as wook-days.

}

Authorized Aerial Pilots and

Mechanics in Sept., 1930. First Class Pilots, 145; Second Cines Pilots, 83, including four

girls; First Class vinters, 90;

In addition to actual flying, these fire-fighting airmen, oach helped by one mechanic, do all the routine work of maintenance and refuell ing. Each night on return from patrol the pilot has to examine his inchine and see that all is ready for flying next day.

When a pilot discerns a fire in his

Second Class aviatore, 101; Mecha-district he reports it immediately nies, 102 Third Class. Pilots, 62, including three girls and balloon pilots, three.

A FUTURE BUSY AIR

---JUNCTION.

Tho "Charing Crues" of Sudane seaplane service would be Malakal, about 450 miles south of Khartoum, where all the rivers. suitable for seaplane operation

branch off east, west and south.

Loun thunderstorms were met, rapidity and spread most days. They, form with great quickly, centre of considerable intensity ultimately uniting in a large storm

noon. Till then the aeroplanes can which breaks" usually in the after- easily avoid the smaller, localised stors. The R.A.F. pilots suggest, therefore, that aircraft should begin

hts in this area between eight and nine o'clock in the morning and endeavour to reach destinations before two o'clock in the afternoon.

Few strong winds were encounter- ed. Generally the air was dend calm, only disturbed in the vicinity The aircraft executed certain

of storms.

tasks for the civil administration to headquarters, giving accurate of the country. The District Cam- Arr has reached. Without covering in a very few hours

passenger from Juba to Nimula, « details of location and the stage themissiouer at Opari was taken as a moment's delay, a suppression distance which would have meant Victims of aeroplane, disasters 'plano--a bigger machine carrying

ment is sent to deal with the out-y: the District Commissioner for El Duelm was taken for I short fup to September, 1930): Civiliansen, pumps, hese and 6.er equip week's trek" by land. Similar- 80, and military and naval men 188. break.

Since the Ontario Provincial fight which saved him several dayer Air Service began operation-and of arduous ground travel, they are only one of several Canadian companies engaged in similar work-they have prevented the wastage by fire, f Further, this system of nir protee millions of dollars worth of timber. tion has turned out to be the cheapest way of saving this Sm menso wealth to the nation.

Aerodromes.

Prefecture,

Many

The report states that the Intest type Fairey 3F floatplane (which

equipped with the 530 hp. Lion" motor) is thoroughly' satisfactory for this difficult flying in little-known territory.

FLYING BOATS FOR IRAQ.

Army:The Military Aviation School at Akene, Miye, Prefecture; Military Aviation School at Shimo. shitsu, Chiba Prefecture; Military Aviation School at Tokorozawa, Saitama Prefecture; Aerodrome, at Kagamugahara, Cifu

That their operations are cons attached to the 1st and 2nd Air trolled by an efficient staff and Four days ago three of the latest. executed by highly efficient neva- | typa" flying bonts built for the Regimenta; Aerodrome at Yokkai-planes is obvious from the figures Royal Air Force began a journey chi, Shiga Prefecture, attached to jeited here.

of 3,500 miles in formation from Felixstowe to Basra, Iraq. There the 3rd and 8th Air Regiments; Aerodrome at Tachinrai, Fukuoka

they are scheduled to take the plas Prefecture, attached to the 4th Air

of earlier type service flying boate | belonging to No. 203 - Squadron which have bran employed for some Regiment; Aerodrome at Hejjo,

years past in coastal patrol work

In 1922, two regular airlines he-portation Company" to undertake tween Tokyo and Osaka, Osaka and regular aerial services by means of arid between Japan Beppu, were opened by the Tolai dirigibles Teiki Aviation Institute and the America, Japan and Europe. The Nippon Aerial Navigation Com- promoters held a meeting in June pany, respectively. In 1923, the air and sent in an application to the mail service was inaugurated. In authorities for approval of their the same year, a Japan-Europe project. According to the plane, flight vid Siberia was carried out the company is to be formed with successfully under the auspices of a capital of Y.120,000,000 and the the Asahi Shirabun,

first attempt is to carry out flights In 1986, the Japanese Navy pur-between Tokye and San Francisco chased from Italy a N-3 dirigible. and between Tokyo and Paris. In 1927, a law governing aerial Spacious, grounds are to be leased navigation was promulgated and put in force.

From Bordeaux to the Mediter- ranenu the route selected. traverses.

SPEED KING" AND THE

SCHNEIDER TROPHY.

Squadron Leader Augustus H. by the Nippon Acria! Trensporta-lated for the establishment of the Chosen, altached to the oth Air Orlebar, holder of the world's speed it the Persian Gulf and the estuary

of the Euphrates river. "Eastern Hemisphere Aerial Trans. Regiment; Aerodrome at Miloga-record of 357.7 miles an hour and lant Schneider Trophy Contest, is hara, Shizuoka Prefecture, attach-captain of the British team in the

designated to fill equally important 20 miles of Southern France, ed to the 7th Air Regiment.

Navy--The aerodrome at Omura, duties next time, is great ex-taking the machines as far as pos

seaplanes and his personal efficiency evitably involving many miles of Nagasaki Prefecture; Aerodrome perience in the handling of racing sible along river valleys but in. at Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefec- 2nd popularity are thus sreared to lying over regions where a descent ture; Aerodrome at Sasebo, Naga help Great Britain in her defence could puly be made on the land of the Trophy this year against British dying beats have many saki Prefecture; Aerodrome at

the challenges of France and Italy. times accomplished successfully such

Those who spent long days at

traverses of land regions; so sura is the faith of the British pilot in Kasumiga-ura, Ibaraki Prefecture.

Government:-The Tokyo Aero-Calshot Air Station at the time of

the last contest in 1920 will always the trustworthiness of his aircraft drome at Tachikawa-machi Osaka retain a vivid memory of Orlebar, and engines that he does not con Aerodrome at Funamachi; Fukuoka an astonishingly thin, ft man with sider that risk is involved in such Aerodrome at Tatara.

pleasant hollow-checked facr flights. From the Etang de Berre, Private:Miyagi Aerodrome tgh-pitched and

given to smiling. His voice, though near Marseilles, the boats will fly finicky," ob on to Malta, and continue, the Miyagino, Bendai; Nagashima viously expressed, the wishes and voyage to the east by way of Aeroplane Manufacturing Com thoughts of an exceptionally in Mirabella in Crete, Alexandretta, in the suburbs of Tokyo and San

telligent and determined person-and Baghdad, where the bonts will pany's aerodrome Francisco. The dirigible to be em».

at Otamachi, ality, and none of the pilots in the light on the surface of the river Gunin Prefecture; Nakashima team ever demurred to his friendly Tigris. In this year, the Imperial Avin ployed for this line is to be an L.2.

Aeroplane Manufacturing Com. yet accisive command. His appear craft, which are styled the Short tion Society announced its plans 128, with capacity of 145,000 cubie pany's aerodrome at Tachikawa, Lace, with the thin, acquaine. Rangoon," is equipped with three

inevitably 'um for a trans-Pacific flight but was inetres,

eight equipped

Tokyo Prefecture; Hokkaido Avin- thoughts of "birdmon," while come Bristol "Jupiter" air-cooled motors obliged to give them up owing to machines of 000 horse-power each, tion Society's Aerodrome, Hokkai- discerned a fanciful likeness to the totalling approximately 1500 horse- the inet that the Society had not capable of carrying 40 staff mem-do; Yagishi Aurodrome at Niho. Red Indian chiefs of adventure with normal military lond

or board the range in still air is g sufficient confidence in the long dis-bers, the same number of passen-

na - Matsubura, Shimizu City: In .1920 Orlebar few every understood to be about one thou

and mles: one of the stages of the tauce endurance strength of the gers and four tons of freight.

when they were delivered but after drome, Nara.

each modification during the pre race period at Calshot. This time he is not likely to fly; his duties will lie, rather in organisation and superintendence of the activities of the High Speed team.

|

-with

The

fentures, called

story.

Ench of these new marine air-

machine manufactured with native time for covering the. distance be. Yamato Aviation Society's hero-machine himself on test, not only England-Basra journey, indeed, is

tion Research Institute.

1

700 miles, to be flown without slighting to refuel,

materials. During this year, the tween the two places, in estimated

Aviation Schools,

No effort is spared in the design aerial passenger and freight service at 08 hours. The Nagoya Works

to make the bonts comfortable for between Osaka and Oita was open of the Mitsubishi Aeroplane Manu- The Nippon Hoki Gakko; the

the crews in the torrid heat of the ed by the Japan Aerist Transporta-facturing Company, in June, 1930, Hasegawa Hiko Kenkyu-sho; the

Persian Gulf, and this consideration commenced to manufacture a large- Nippon Yuso Kenkyusho; the

Feigned supreine, over-every detail cf the internal construction and In 1920, the Japan Aerial Navigasized passenger plane, modelled Mikuni Hiko Gakke; the Buzuki SEAPLANES IN THE SUDAN, equipment. The result is a roomy. comfortable bull which should tion Company inaugurated a pas. after similar planes manufactured Hiko Kenkyu-sho; the Akita Hiko

Last summer a flight of three assure comparativa comfort even in senger and freight service. In the in Europe and America, adopting Gakke; the Tokyo Hiko Sennon meantime, the Department of Com their best parts and basing its out. Gakko; the Nippon Chuo Hike Royal Air Force seaplanes (or, in the hottest wenther, a point of vital ofbolat Air Ministry parlance importance. because British flying munications, in view of the develine on the structure of the Jurker Gakko; the Nishida Hikoki Ken.floatplanca toured the South at crews are expected frequently lopment of the above regular aerial G.38. It is a monoplane with wings kyu-sho; the Tokushima Koku ern Sudan to discover what parts to eat and sleep on board..

of that great region were suitable | Commercial boats very similar in lives undertaken by private com- 52 metres in length, emetres in Gakke; the Dai-ichi Roku Gakke for seaplane operation, and to get design, called the Short Calcutta, panies and also of the graduat in thickness and a body 23 metres in the Nagoya Hiko Gakko; the experience of weather conditions have flown for some time past over crense in the number of foreign length, having a total weight of 28 Mazume Hiko Kenkao-sho; the there during the season of torren Mediterranean sections of air mail tial rain. To-day I am able tó route operated by Imperial Air planes visiting Japan, endeavoured tous," equipped with five machines, Ando Hikoki Kenkyu-sho-Far give for the first time official details anys, carrying passengers, maile to contribute-towards-the-comple: 800-hp: cach, made after the mods? Tustern Review."

of this-important-cruise,-in-which-- and freight.