1928-12-04 — Page 4

White

Dress Waistcoats

From our large variety of styles and materials you may choose Marcella a pattem which can be matched in shirt, studs, tie and links or perhaps you prefer a Pique pattern in the backless style, then there is the double- .breasted kind which adds distinc- tion to a slim figure.

PRICED FROM $7.50 each- Less 10% Discount for Cash.

Mackintosh

MEN'S WEAR SPECIALISTS

ALEXANDRA BUILDING.

& Co La

DES VOEUX ROAD

hing George IV

PRE-WAR

QUALITY

THOROUGH .MATURITY

RARE

BOUQUET

Old Scotch Whisky

JAVA

DELICATE FLAVOUR

OUTSTANDING CHARACTER

UNVARYING

STRENGTH

ABSOLUTE PURITY

THE DISTILLERS AGENCY LTD. EDINBURGH Scotland

BOLE AGENTS:

GANDE, PRICE & CO., LTD

TEL No. 185.

HONG KONG

Bootmakers in England use "NUGGET" on their own Boots

They know!

*Nugget"・ will Double the

Life of your Boots

AUKEQUALLED

TRACE

PLANN

TERCE

BOOT POLISH

LOS ÚLACEKI BOKCALE PATENTZIA LEATHERS.

THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS. TUESDAY, DECEMBER 4th, 1928.

THE DISPUTED CHEQUES IN CARVALHO

YEO TRIAL.

PROF. SHELLSHEAR SAYS SIGNATURES ARE GENUINE.

INTERESTING EXPERT EVIDENCE ON HANDWRITING."

FORGERY CAN BE DETECTED!

That forgery can be detected by scientific means is the view held by Prof. J. L. Shellshear, of the Hong Kong University. He was called by the defence yesterday to testify in the trial of Carvalho Yeo, who is charged with forgery and uttering three forged cheques, purporting to have been signed by Mr. C. McI, Messer and Mr. T. Black of the Hong Kong Treasury. The total amount of the three cheques was over $260,000.

Mr. Shellsbear said that he had made a very careful examina tion of the three cheques in question and was satisfied that they 'were, not forged. In his opinion, was impossible for any man to sit down and forge the signatures on three cheques with all the characteristics found in the genuine. signatures. A forgery, ao matter how perfect, could not contain all the peculiarities and mannerisms of the original writer These characteristics, as Pref. Shellshear called them, were found in all the three disputed cheques.

He was also convinced that the handwriting on the body of the cheques was the handwriting of Tsang On Wing, the "custodian of Government cheques." Witness gave a very exhaus tive account of his examination of the cheques.

FUNCTIONS OF THE BRAIN RELATED TO HANDWRITING.

Yesterday was the tenth hearing cf the case against Carvalho Yeo at the Supreme Court before Mr. Zustice P. Jack. There was again a large number of interested specta- tors in Court, including several ladies. The accused is defended by Mr. F. C. Jenkin, instructed by Mr. C. A. S. Russ, and the case for the Crown is being conducted by Mr Eldon Potter, K., and Mr. H. G. Sheldon..

the particular attention of the gen tlemen of the jury) that a man could take up a per and, with prac

THE DRUG-STRICKEN

NORTH."

TOUR OF INSPECTION,

ties, could reproduce the signature SUPPRESSION COMMITTEE'S of another man so that it could not e differentiated in any test from the signature of the man whose signature is being copied ?—I don't believe that is possible.

Would it be possible for the brain, through the instrumentality of the hand, to reproduce a bold," fuent, free signature with those minutiae which you have pointed out to my Lord and the jury -In my opinion, it is impossible.

THE WORST CONDITIONS IN

SHENSI

The Department of Education of the National Opium Suppression Committee states that a commission of some twenty persons, headed by General Chang Chih Kiang, Chair man of the National Opium Sup-

You say that not only as a brain pression Committee has left for the A lot of Victrola

specialist but also as a handwriting expert I do

North for a survey in Honan, Shensi, and Shantung. Consider able importance is attached to the work of this commission, as it has been the avowed policy of the

Tsang's "Uneducated " Handwriting. Dealing with Tsang On Wing's handwriting, Prof. Shellshear said that it appeared to him that the National Government not so much handwriting on the body of the to formulate laws and regulations cheques was made by a man not on the same intellectual plane is the two men who had signed the cheques. It looked to him that the writer was not as educated as the othera

as to apply them to actual condi tiona Similar emphasis was also noted in the resolutions adopted by the recent National Opium Sup pression Conference, calling for constant and regular investigations of opium-producing areas.

After giving details of Tsang On Wing's handwriting, witness said that he had no doubt that the dis puted cheques were written by the

The chief concern of the commis- same man. Witness also elaborated the manner in which the various sion will be to find out the truth figures were written, and concluded about the continuance of poppy by saying that the same perculiari-cultivation in the North, which by ties found in the disputed cheques the provisions of the Opium Sup- were also to be found on all the

genuine cheques written by Tsang pression Act. has become à serious Oo Wing..

crime, punishable by long terms of

'L

for a

little money!

MODEL FOUR-THREE, ilus- trated above, brings you the world's great music sympho mics, songs, modern dance hits reproduced through Ortho phonic principles. Deep vol. use. Resonant tone. Splen did cabinetwork. It's a real bargain for the money.

Have us demonstrate. Hear ∙it play the latest Orthophonic Victor Records. Listen to the realistic reproduction. A small down-payment will put it in your home where you can play as you pay." Come in and let us explain-today!

‚Ltd.

In answer to Mr. Jeakin, witneas imprisonment. An inquiry will be S. Moutrie & Co., I

said that it would be impossible to also made into the increasing mis- any man to copy or imitate the use of narcotics and the mode of of habit-forming handwriting of another man in the transportation matter of details revealed only by drugs, with a view to their.preven microscope. He had to doubt that tion. the disputed cheques were written by the same writer and with the sarce freedom of movements of the bands.

(Victor Distributors)

Chater Road.

The New Orthophonic

Victrola

Disputed Cheques Did Not Differ.

After speaking in detail of the various characteristics found in

From Opium To Morphis, Mr. Black's genuine signatures,

Questioned about drug conditions witness said that it was rather un

in the Northern Provinces, Gen. fortunate that he could not study

Chang Chih Kiang recently told the complete form of the letters ap- As a result of his examination, he press representatives that the worst have prevailed in had found not the slightest indica-conditions pearing on the disputed chequestion that the cheques, were forged. Shensi, while Shausi is much bet because of the Bank's erasure If they were he would not be in theter off in this regard, owing to marks, which obscured them. He Court to give evidence. He would many years of rigorous suppres not bave hesitated to tell the Bank sion. In Shantung, there is reason had, however, examined them as

to believe that the misuse of mor- far as he could, and as far as beso

Mr. Potter's Congratulation. phia and allied drugs has become could find, they did not differ from

Cross-examined by Mr. Potter. quite serious, and reports show the normal signatures.

Prof. Shellshear said that forgery that in localities where opium A DANGEROUS SINGAPORE, could be detected by scientific smoking has been put down the examinations. The use of the habit of morphia injections has microscope in the detection of for sprung up. --

"been in use for many years." 18ty was not a new method. It had

Prof. J. Shellshear of the Hong Kong University on being called to the witness box said that he was

He had also found that the stroke professor of Anatomy and of the "K" in the allegedly forged specialist in neurology. He had cheques did not differ from the for many yeare-conducted research-normal-signatures He had also on work into the structure of the brain. He had also made a very exhaustive study of the areas of the brain that particularly concerned the highest expression of intelligence, speech

and writing.

He was invited this year by the National Research Council of Australia to attend the council held for the purpose of throwing light upon the aboriginal brain. He had studied handwriting for five years and had found that some of the functions of the brain were related to handwriting,

accumulation of ink as a charac teristic in many of Mr. Black's signatures and that he regarded these accumulations of ink as being evidence of genuine handwriting which it would be very difficult to imitate.、

No Indication. Of Forgery,

Aeroplanes Used?

WOMAN.

SENTENCED FOR TRAFFICK- In connection with an allegation

ING IN CHINESE GIRLS. Asked if he claimed to be an made by the recent National expert, Prof. Shellsbear said tha: Opium Suppression Conference to

At the Singapore Assizes yester- although he had disclaimed it be the effect that zeroplanes have beer. fore, he now thought that it was employed for transporting opium day Mr. Justice Deane and a com- his duty to claim that honour. He from Yunnan to Kwangtung, the mon jury were occupied all day in had a duty and responsibility to National Opium Suppression Com- discharge to the public.

mittee has received a telegram hearing the charges of kidnapping He also admitted that he regard from the Yunnan Provincial Gov-two small Chinese girls" preferred: Witness then dealt with the pecu-ed Mitchell and Osborne to be ernment denying the truth of this against a Chinese woman of the liarities found in Mr. Messer's among the greatest authorities on The telegram added that no flight signature. The general feature of Lorgery. If given sufficient, data, has ever been attempted, between name of Koh Ah Eng. Before the Yunnan and Kwangtung-North commencement of the evidence, the this signature was that the pressure he could detect any forgery.

Mr. Potter: Then I can con- China Daily News. lines were practically equal on both sides in the majority of the letters gratulate you, Dr. Shellshear, for in the word Messer," and the having discovered a gold mine. After mentioning that he had been word itself appeared to be a succes- asked by Mr. King to give his sersion of waves, each one of which vices to the Crows in connection was perfectly well-formed without with this case, witness began to hesitation in the down stroke. make a minute examination of the cheques. He first began work on a genuine signature and from that he turned to the abnormal, or forged signature. He then studied the characteristics of the writing with the lines, curves. angles and such. like details.

Witness, continuing, said that he later confirmed his findings by microscopic examinations. Great care was devoted to the structure of the paper, structure of the letter- ing, the amount of pressure used by the person, evenness of the pressure and the exact points where the pressure was exerted.

An examina tion was also made to ascertain, ay far as possible, which way the ink had flowed.

purpose of demonstration.

the

Mr. Potter: I put it to you, from your own knowledge, you get con fisting views from experts and therefore the detection of forgery is not an easy matter, and that no one should claim that he can detect forgery

Prof. Shellshear: I certainly do say that I can detect forgery. In my opinion detection is a certainty. In the signatures of these two In answer to further questions, gentlemen (Mr. Messer and Mr.witness said that he first commenced Black) you find every possible working on the case in September, variation, but in these variations He had examinated 3,695 genuine efformations there are always com- cheques. man, minute,, almost unobservable characteristics 7-Yes..

Mr. Jenkin: The variations which you perceive in, the of Mcl. Mesaer are typical variations which you find in the undisputed cheques 7-Yes.

You examined. those signatures with the naked eye, with the micro cope and microscopic eamern, that is to say with every possible method 1-Yes.

From time to time as different points were raised, in the case, you have had to go back again and look at the writing on the disputed cheques?--Yea

Photography A. Valuable Ald. Witness said that finally he made Another examination by the use of high power photography. Th's

As you have already stated, I method, witness said, was a well- want you to repeat it, you have known and valuable aid for the given those signatures the most careful examination by every pos Mr. Jenkin: Have you made ansible method known to you-Yea, intensive, exacting study of the I have e whole of the surfaces of these che ques and the handwriting thereon, to see if you can discover the slightest sign of any tampering

with thern?

Deputy Public Prosecutor (Mr. N. H. P. Whitley) asked permission to introduce a third charge against the accused, for trafficking, or offering. It was quite true that a habit for sale, two children below the was always formed in writing just age of 16. This was allowed, and as well as in walking. He found the accused claimed trial.

The evidence for the Crown was Mr. Black's habit in his concen- tration of the points in "C" and that the woman enticed the children "Mr. Messer had also formed to leave their home in Racecourse the babit in the position of his Road, where they were under the signature. Of course, the habit charge of a guardian, by telling varied with every individual and them she would take them to away- or theatrical, performance. particularly with what he might be ang, writing. An entry in an account They went with her, and she locked book would differ with writing out them in an upstairs room in a house a cheque, and so on. Also physica! near Fort Canning. Later she took and mental conditions had serious them, accompanied by a man who effect on one's writing. He was not had not been traced, to several surprised to hear that Tsang On houses and offered them for sale, unsuccessful, and the It was true that banks did at Wing was not able to write in his one for 8300 and the other for 8960. times get vittimised by means of usual way in Court, when he was dow forged, cheques, but he could not asked to fill up three cheques. The children were afterwards found by give an opinion as to what quality strain to a man, who had been ac a relative and, taken home. The of forgery would be needed to parcused of being a party to the fraud accused was subsequently appre muster with a bank. The forgery was bound to tell. had to be a good one, but to what Prof. Shellshear said that the extent, was hard to say. It en position of Mr. Black's signatures tirely depended on the ability of the on the three disputed, cheques was of no particular importance. When man accepting the cheque.

Witness was certain that anyone asked if he could produce another who might be able to imitate an three cheques written all on the other man's signature, could not same day and with the signatures imitate the pressure lines, because being placed in the same position, it was impossible for anyone to bring witness replied that he was not able to find such at the moment. He his muscle to produce the pressure

would look into the matter later. lines made by another man.

Banks Do Get Victimised.

There were three well-known WAYS by which signature could be for- gad. First there was the tracing method, secondly, putting the signs ture under a glass with a light m-

hended, and four different wit- nessee, including the two children, picked her out at various identi- fication parades held by, the police.

I

..

In her defence the accused, denied the allegations made against her, and declared that the whole case was worked up by the father of one of the children oving to a dis.. puts about the rent of a room in her house, She went on to allege that various witnesses for the Crown had had quarrels with her, Handwriting Could be Changed.

And that they all banded together "Bigged By, The Same Hands."

Prof. Shellshear said that if the to get her into trouble. Have you traced in those sigon

four aliases adopted by the accused The jury, after three minutes' tures the slightest indications of

were shown to him with the sugges consideration, returned forgery by any mechanical processi

tion that they were all written by animous verdict of guilty on the Witness: I have examined the searched, the signatures minder it, and copying out the signs the same man, he would not have charges of kidnapping, and a ma- three choques on the front and the utely. I have been unable to ture on a paper placed upon the denied it. A man could change his jority verdict by 6-1 of guilty on back and have been unable to find find any indications that they been glass surface, and the last method handwriting in three or four ways. the trafficking charge. any disturbance on the surface of forged

was by skilfully engraving the Witness himself was able to write When asked if she had anything the paper underlying the printing, cal to embrace every method known.

I merely used the word mechani signature.

in three different ways. His to say why sentence should not be and there is no evidence that any

Mr. Potter. You have told us opinion was that an ordinary man passed upon her, the accused suic duids have been put on them or Have you discovered the slightest that the signaturce appearing on could produce four different types was dissatisfied with the verdict, that they have in any way been that handwriting on the cheques Messer's and Mr. Black's, and that of preparation

trace of any hesitation at all, m

In the disputed cheques are Mr. of signatures after a certain amount and requested his Lordship, to send altered from, a normal cheque,

cable to China and ask the Witness then gave details of Mr. None whatever.

the handwriting is Tsang's-Tex. Mr. Potter: Len't it a most re- father of one of the girls if she had Black'a mgnature, using a large

With regard to Teang's handwritmarkable thing that the three dis- not been sold as a slave. She also number of high powered and magni

ing, witness added, that it was quite puted cheques out of 3001 should alleged that the girls had been beat- fied photographs. for the purpose of

apparent even to the naked eyes have the position of the B in ea and ill treated demonstrating the various points to

that the writing on the disputed Mr. Black's signatures in the very His Lordship aid that the jury the Court and jury.

and genuine cheques wore the same same position. Would you not had found, quite rightly. She (the Habits In Writing." call it an accident, or that it was accused) had impressed him as a Asked why he did not select Mr. designed, or forgery. Probably you thoroughly dangerous woman who Messer's signature from one of the can suggest, other possible reasons would say anything and would stop three years' rigorous imprisonmeab genuine cheques instead of taking I think you have exhausted the at nothing. He sentenced her to it from a license, Prof. Shellshear possibilities. said that he was not trying to Mr Petter then said that they on the two charges of kidnapping, dodge, anything. The reason why could eliminate the theory that it and eighteen months' rigorous im every case he had noticed that the were nevertheless present on he selected Mr. Messer's signature had been designed, because they prisonment on the charge of traffick

The pen has flowed freely Yes, The strokes are bold?—Yes. And every minute characteristic that is to be found in the genuine signatures, in so far as there are In the normal signatures of Mr. characteristics in those signatures, Black, witness said that he had have you observed everyone of them found the cross strokes to be of as faithfully reproduced on the dis all forms and varieties. They puted, cheques 1.

Witness eaid that although the might start quite straight, and again one might find two dist net formation of the letters might vary curves as they ran forward. In as he had stated, those fine point pressure of the nib was much firmer disputed signatures.

On the lower edge of the stroke. In

on

the

Have you any doubt at all as to all such strokes a common feature these signatures having been signed was that the pressure marks appear by the same hand which wrote those ed to cease a short distance after signatures on the genuine cheques the line had begun, and the restore whatever.

of the stroke did not show much It has been anggested here (this ****** EROLLer point to sinkh-I-“dram

from a license was because it pro knew neither Mr. Messer or. Mr. ing. The sentences would run conla duced better photographs. The Black had had any intention to currently, and therefore she would. The accused protested loudly ast signatures on the cheques were not ruin the accused. Therefore the serve only three years. easy to photograph and would not possibility of it either being an ac give such cleay results as the ones cident or forgery remained to them she left the dock, and her voirs ross The case is continuing diis mornin, volume to screams as she was they had before them.

- being led away --Straits Times,

Continued on nett Column)ing at 10.30 am.