1928-01-10 — Page 3

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THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, JANUARY 10th, 1928.

BLOOD TESTS.

AS EVIDENCE OF PATERNITY.

THE GERMAN CASES.

MYSTERIES OF TRANSFUSION.

"

MYSTERIES OF ROOM.40.

CONSTERNATION OVER SIR A. EWING'S DISCLOSURES.

"PERHAPS THE BEST KEPT SECRET OF THE WAR."

MR. LLOYD GEORGE.

HERR WOLFF'S VISIT TO CHURT IN SURREY.

1.

A SIGNIFICANT INTERVIEW.

The Berliner Tageblatt of Sunday, October 23rd, devoted five

There is great consternation in columns to along account of a at circles in Whitehall over revisit paid to Mr. Lloyd George, in

The use of blood tests to dates Bine paternity, is illustrated by two legal enses reported from Gerelations which wore made by Sir Surrey, by Herr Theodor Wolff many, says the Medical correspon. dent of the. Observer.

The first, was heard in Würtem- berg, where a woman applying for au affiliation order awore that a certain man was the father of her illegitimate child. The defence countered by producing eviluce that the characteristics of the a- fant's blood were incompatible with this relationship. The blood of the man, they said, was of one Was Of type and the woman's another; it was impossible that the union of two such persons could have produced offspring whose hood had the characteristics de- Br which reasoning monstrated. the Court was so far convinced as to sentence the woman to six months' imprisonment for perjury

L

The sivond case was of the same kind, but the judgment,deliver-d on it by the highest Prussian Court was in a contrary sms. Similar nudical evidence was brought to refute charge of paternity, and the general validity of the blood trate was admited. Apparently, however, witness stated that in a series of over 2,03 ases investigated in 1926 there had been one exception to the rules, and the Court accordingly decided that the tests do not provide the absolute proof acquired by the law. Incompatibilities,

the

Alfred" Ewing regarding romantic work which was rared on in the mysterions Room 40* at the Admiralty during the war. This was one of the great accrots of the Service-beyond the small staff engaged in the work and a handial of senior officers none ew of it-and now it has been gratuitously to the presented world.

Sir Alfred, who was at one time. in change of the mystery room. which still continues to do its work

afficiently and as silently as ever, told how during the war, terman code messages from battle ships. Zeppelins and submarine were intewepted, and decoded with such ease that there were few move- ments of enemy craft thas were not known in time to permit of coun- ter-namsures being taken.

Anonymous Staff.

("T. W.")," the editor of the paper. The message explains that Count Bernstorf, of the German Embassy in London, was present throughout the interview. After n introduction, Herr Theodor Wolft proceeds:

"The conversation turned ut first briefly on the domestic politics. Without displaying of Britain.

Precisely a triumphant optimism, Mr. Lloyd George expressed the hope that at the next elections there would be a majority of

Liberals and Socialista. Ho ap peared, however not to Lelieve that the Baldwin Cabinet would dissolve Parliament since he men- tioned 1090 as election year.

The conversation then turned upon Russia, and Herr Theodor Wolff proceeds:

It was Sir Alfred himself who described i as the best-kept scores of the war, and it remained a secret to the end." But the Ad- miralty were anxious that it

Mr. Lloyd George expressed should remain a secret, and had taken all precautions to ensure it. the opinion that Bolshevism in That was why the revelations came Bussin would perhaps last a num- as it bomised to ther whose dutyer of years more, ten

it is to keep these secrets.

There was

British "Stupidity?!......

or even

twenty, and thereafter would come a dictatorship under some strong man... It need not necessari-

#1

"Mr. Lloyd George," continues Herr Wolf, was somewhat sar- castie at the expense of people who, whenever anything disagreeable happens, exclaim that Conumun is alone responsible. When it was suggested that Germany's situation.was such that she could act be prepared to break with Russia and that she could not allow her attitude to be influented by the feelings and viewa "which" she" night" entertain in regard to Bolshevism, Mr. Lloyd George remarked with a nod, "A breach fo always a mis- take."! !!

"If same highly-placed naval of als have their way Sir Alfred will have to pay for his indiscere Before commenting thestions.

V

Room 40 is nie of those or be a reactionary dictator, it judgments, it is convenient to cotz-

which wc-t even might quite well, for example, be sider the origin and nature of the anisations new tests, whose use for bega! pur elaborate espionage arrangements

a Trotsky. poses is no mare than adventitious were able to solve. The staff has They have arisen as a-by-product kept the mystery closely and well. of the operation known as blood and that staff has always been transfusion that is to say thanomous so that none should transference of blood from the learn, whether for nefarious pu reins of are individual to those of poses or otherwise, its personnel.

It was for that same reason that another. After sudden haemorr

of the mystery room, to the casual où- hage; and

larms many disease, such reinforcement is of server, was like every other room 'great value, nod has been from the Admiralty. time to time attempted by surgeons nothing abiat & to reveal the high for hundreds of years. But they important and rummutic work technie difficulties has always that was carried on silently within

its four walls. len considerable, and even when they had been overcome it was stil found that the operation

One of the regrets of its success tires caused dangerous-typos warng the war was the assumed ach as shock and unconscious stupidity of the British. The Ger ness and even sudden death. Thus mans, and many other, national- it came to be realised that the time as well would never have blood of some human beings is in

given credit to the British for the compatible with that of others, abity to evolve, so clever an or producing a violent and dangerous ganisation as that which has now reaction if injected into the body come to be kooWEG

Rooin: 40," Although blood appears heigo There was no reason why that im- geneous it really consists of dis presies should ever havë bien dis erete corpuscles floating in an aleiled, and because of that Service most colourless fluid known is offers are extremely angry with Serum. It is easy

to separate Sir Alfred for having told how these two constituents, and it was this country learned of the more- found that if drop of serani ments of every enemy ship and air- from one person was added to 18 this Germans contract- drop of blood from another. the conjunction sometimes caused the ed this habit of changing the key corpuscles to run gether in of the principal Natal Signal clumps. To this

Book every night at 12 o'clock." the poisonous effects of transfusion said Sir Alfred, but the decipher

were

glutination

•

in alvanec,

M. Poincare. The account continues:

of

I asked Mr. Lloyd George how people could be satisfed upon whose territory there is a foreign Mr. Lloyd George did garrison. not conceal his agreement, and ex- pressed very bluntly this opinion the policy and personality of M. Pomenre. I do not want to come under suspicion of mischief-mak- ing, and, therefore, I think it right to skip over this part of the con- versation."

"the practice, and it came ing staff of Room 40 bad by that at the time of the Armistice, while

before starting the operation, to make sure that the bloods of the two individuas con cerned did not show this astagon isrn to each other under the uniero scope.

Mr. Lloyd George," says Herr Wolff, then went on to explain that Germany's military leaders were other played out, there was no leader to be found in the country. Herr Wolf, remarked that they compli lacked a Lloyd George,

time beaux so export that the changes caused the night watch no serious embarrassment. They were reading anessages in the new key two or three hours later."

This was one of the most start-nient which be accepted with..n Eng revelations made, for it bas laugh. The conversation then shown how efficient and how bril- turned upon the causes of the war, hat this highly important work continuing as follows:

"In August, 1914," said "Mr. of the Admiralty had become.

Lloyd Georg, "the Asquith

are

|

#

Cabinet would not have declared for war if Germany had not, marched into Belgium. English soundial circles were against pur- ticipation in the war and at the last minute a delegation from the" City, led by the Governor of the Bank of England, had urgently begged the Cabinet to stick to neutralty. He himself, with most olher members of the Cabinet, would have replied with their re signation to a decision to go to

War."

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TRAINING SOLDIERS FOR

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SCHOOLS FOR MEN ABOUT TO LEAVE THE ARMY.

ALDERSHOT.

Two houses have been built at Aldershot which, although out- wardly the same as any other in a history essen- the country, have tially their own.

Classification Of Blood. Even simpler means of prevent ing accidents are now, however, available; for it has been discover ed that the blood of all human beings falls into one of four groups,

Value Of The Tests As Evidence. The tests which define these groups depend on

Oce medico-legal application of a theory that human blood corpuscles may con these texts is to the examination of tain one or both of two substances blood-stains, for it can sometimes enlled-A and B. Similarly, human be shown that the blood from a serum may contain one or both ni given in could act have been two substances, a and b. It is im shed by the perser to whom it is attributed. Their use to refute possible for A. and a to coexist in one individual, for the result of allegations of paternity is not so

They were built by

Serving their meeting is agglutination simple, since it depends on our the blood corpuscles a pheno knowledge of the way in which the

soldiers; men who had completed i six and a half years with the menon which also occurs when & characteristics of the blood are ir

colours, and were being trained at meets B. Thus there are four pos berited. The available evidence in

that A and B

one of the three Army vocationa: sible types of blood, known na dicates

There follows a long pamage in training centres before they left Groups I, II, III.; nnd IV., conviniannt characters whilst

On this as which Mr. Lloyd George explains the Army. taining (A plus B), A pius 6), (and are "rocessive,"

wha Germany ought to have done. These men will in six months" plus B), and (a plus b) respectiv sumption A and and an aid The relation between the political time be civilians, but, unlike the

be in the blood (pt a child person's group can be ascer- unless they are present in that of and military authorities comes in ex-soldier of pre-war days, they

For for comment:

will be trained antisans se well, tained by putting two drops of his the father or the mother.

Mr. Lloyd George swayed his ready to take up work in private blood at opposite ends of a glass instance, a child who belongs to slide and adding a (serum from Group II. cannot have sprung from five white-haired head and raised life iminediately.

his arms, like a man standing be Group III.) to one, and & (serum two Group IV. parents. from Group II.) to the other. In Austria the tests have been nc. fore the Unintelligible He replied

to me:.. We in

The War Office roulised in 1930 Within a few minutes one, bosh; or cepted in the law-gourts for more Caline: have always known, the that time-expired solliers would

either of the drops will show than a year, and a munter of mes

plans of our military authorities, be faced with an impossible task. chumping of the corpuscles, and who had been paying for the sup When the. Agadir conflict grew if they were thrown into civilian will thus reveal the group to which part of their alleged children have their own belongs.

had their cases reopened and by acute we sumincned the Chief of life as unskilled workmen.

Three training schools It may be remarked in pasting this kind of evidence have made the British General Staff, and

Asquith, Grey, and. I questioned therefore established at that the evil effects of transfusion good their denial of paternity. only occur when the corpuscles of Without kroning more about the him thoroughly about all details shot, Chiselton, and Hounslow the donor are susceptible et agi "exceptional case with influene of his arrangements and intentions and units were informed that wen glutination by the serum of the re- rd the Prussian judges in their de in the event of the worst happen with good characters who were cipiente, the patient whose cision, it is imposible is assess its

ing His plan provided for a de. within six months of ending their blood is being supplemented. Tais significance. The tests are believed fence of Belgium. We were always period of service could be sent to any of these schools for training. means that the blood of people in to rest on a sound foundation and accurately informed "

Here Theodor Wolff concludes by- Building and Group IV. (who comprise some 40 to be reliable within the biznis -

observing that it is neither neces trades are taught at Aldershot, per cent of the population) can dicated; but as

agriculture sary nor possible to consider all

and gardening at safely be transferred anyone, of whatever group. A roll of these

Mr. Linyd George's views incontro- Chiseldon, engineering and similar universal donors" is kept at

vertible, but it remains a great trade at Hounslow. The curaes, which consist of intensive technical last hospitals so that they can be called

pleasure to converse with a states-

practical training, on to give their blood in an emer

man who expresses his opinion so and

and does not glance for six months. When completed Kency

without further investiga

openly.

Lion

anxiously about him with every the soldier has finished his service- word he utters."-Morning Posi. with the colours and is discharged.

(Continued on next Column.).

the

Lance

points out, the British courts do tant always accept the most definite scientific evidence without reserva tion, Even proof of identity by finger-prints, though used by the police for purposes of detection, is seldom invoked in order to secure the conviction of a criminal.

the English

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