1927-11-05 — Page 3

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SCIENTIFIC MORALITY.

REVELATION OF GOD THROUGH SCIENCE.

THE SAVAGES OF CIVILISATION,

A NEW CONSCIENCE TOWARDS "OUR

COUSINS, THE ANIMALS."

THE NEW WAY WITH BAD BOYS.

INTERESTING PICTURE OF BORSTALISM IN ENGLAND.

PORTLAND EXPERIMENT.

[BY THE VERY REv."W. R. INGE., D.D., Delý or ST. PAUL's]ment of the reformatory boy wan

An End Of Superstition,

*

A great step forward in the treat-

marked by a quiet ceremony ut Portland, where the first of the five. griui prison houses, transformed by the boy themselves, was formally opened

The idea is to convert Portland establishment and to eliminate ai into an educational and training associations of its forbidding past.

A splendid beginning has already been made, and the boys are sur- rounded by all the attractions of a home to the extent of fresh-cut flowers on the table and modern books on the library shelves. Port- land, in short, has become a place of hope and laughter, and great things are expected from the ex- periment.

Best Sellers To Read.

The following article:will be of speciù interent to animal. lovers. The Dean says:. They have na good a right on this planet as we have; and our treatment of them has been abominable. It is perhaps too optimistic to Deity than the average churchgoer, include this article in a series of and I think he was right.

(2) The scientific spirit has al- predictions. I am not at all sure ready established a more exacting wheelfer the morality of our great standard of truthfulness in history grandchildren will be scientific. and in controversy. Reckless state- Science has many enemies. Science !ments and misrepresentations of is a good aristocrat, and aristocrats opponents are less common, except are note popular. Suioncs believes perhaps in religious and political in the dry light of reason, and disputes, where truthfulness is most most people are content to provide important. But it has been said themselves with a faith as they buy that even the axioms of Euclid a pair of spectacles They do not would be disputed if men were suffi- care whether it is true, if it helps ciently iterested in denying them. them to see what they want to see. Besides this, many people think that Nature either has no moral tife standard of evidence will (3) We may hope that the scien- or bad ones. The impression which banish into limbo those nebulons the universe, as now interpreted, half-beliefs which we call supersti- of the old cell door and I was in A friendly hand turned the key makes upon the imagination is, they say, magnificent, but terrible tions. How often we meet other-vited to look upon a new picture. aht cruel. Nature may be summed

wise intelligent, persons who will of Borstalisü The old convict up by conjugating the verb " to

not dine in a party of thirteen, or prison crowning the heights of eat" in the active and passive. be married in May: who will Portland that many a foreigner on The more we know about what goes

touch wood if they have anida passing ship has mistaken for on behind those scenes of natural ything untucky walk round some castellated matsion has begua beauty, which delight and elevate ladder. and show respect for

a new life and a new career of use- our minds, the more appalled wo other equally silly fancies. They fulness. ghall be at the wastefulness and do not really believe them, but heartless eruelty

there may be something in it," which.. ло Nature's methods. Those who base they keep on the safe side. In are the same category belong all the suspected of disliking the humani-half silly, half fraudulent cults of tarianism which is an integral part niraculous bealing and of modern civilisation, and of mancy. No one with any tincture wishing to advocate ruthless and of the scientiae spirit could believe inhuman schemes of social surgery that God (if he believes in God)

is the kind of person to punish The Blind Giant.

man for violating such ridiculous Nature, says Santayana, is a taboos as those just mentioned; and blind and blameless giant. It is we may hope that the whole subject our business not guikily to imitate of healing by suggestion will soon her innocent crimes, but to use her be taken out of the hands of as an instrument for realising our quacks, lay and clerical, and plac- own ideals. Huxley in his famoused on a scientific basis. The laws Romanes Lecture wen further of medical psychology are still very **Since low and morals are imperfectly understood, but know restraints upon the struggle for | ledge is advancing rapidly. existence, between men in society, ought before long to be possible for the ethical process is in opposition a physician to say quite definitely to the principle of the cosmie pro- to a patient, "Your trouble fabric in one of the five prison cess, and tends to the suppression functional, not organic, and main-houses and have viotted out the of the qualities best fitted for sue-ly hysterical; you can cure your eras in that struggle." Cosmic self if you will "; or nature is no school of virtue, but "Nothing but surgery can help the headquarters of the enemy of you." Superstition will die hard: etrical nature.'

The

cosmos I have been much disappointed to works through the lower nature of observe the recrudescence of it since an, not for righteousness, but the war; but if the scientific way against it.

their morality on

རྩྭ་*

science

necro-

.It

elec,

The new Borstal bedroom remind- board an Atlantic liner. ed me of a third-class cabin on There were, flowers on the table by the side of the comfortable bed, post- cards and photographs from home were arranged near the looking- and John Oxenham in the little glass. There was Ethel M. Deil library by the side of the devotional books.

The Transformation.

The convict prison broke many a bad man's heart. The very lay- out of the massive walls WAE enough to make him hang his head in despair, yet somehow there were not enough convicts to fill it,

and bricklayers, and boy stone Boy carpenters, boy plumbers masons bave pulled down the stone

hideous associations of the cells effectively as if the work had been done by a first-class frm of con tractors.

Names have been painted above less numbers, and the naval touch the doorways instead of meaning- of looking at things prevails, the has been introduced with names

missioners of healing and such as. Nelson, Rodney, Raleigh,

Drake, and Grenville. many humbler practitioners of curious arts, will find their occu pation gone.

I should call this radical pes-priests of Lourdes, the itinerant simism. For how oan man hope to resist the process of the universe It is like the Scandinavian mythology, which ends in a final defeat of the gods by the Titans. Such thoughts are likely to lend us to the philosophy of Schopen bauer, who taught that there is an frreconcilable contradiction .be-

دار

that shall he reap. The New (4)" Whatsoever a man soweth, Testament insists plainly that law and order govern the spiritual as well as the visible world. Popular religion has frequently ignored this truth. I have not space to give instances, but this is another way in which the knowledge of Nature, may help to purify reli- gion.

to 'wear

A

tween the interests of the race and those of the individual. Nature dangles before us various decep -vive baits, of-which-the-passion-of- love is the most insidious, in order to get her book in our nose, "and force us to subserve "her purposes,

Barbarous Field-Sports. which are not our own. He saw in race-suicide the escape from the (5) In social referm, as in medi. worst of all possible worlds.

cine, modern science renches us to But are we really obliged to give attack the causes of a disease, not up the comforting faith that the the symptoma We no longer ad- universe is friendly" It is avise a consumptive great mistake to consider the ces respirator and keep his windows mic process apart from man. The shut; but our political remedies cosmie process is responsible for for social troubles are just as a san as he is, with all his unselfish surd. Happily these problems are

sometimes tackled in devotion to family, friends and now Country, all his pity and sympathy genuinely scientific temper. with the weak, all his idealism and

(8) We may hope to see a new belief in the unseen, as well as for conscience, towards the so-called those brute instincts which are per- lower animais." They are literal haps too often forgotten by aanly our distant cousins. They were guine reformers. We are not com-

not created for our use. They have mitted to a hopeless struggle as good a right on this planet as against Nature., The Power which we have; and our treatment of implanted the higher instincts in them has been abominable. We va is able to satisfy them out of ita must continue to eat them; no one own stores. There is a great deal has so much interest in the demand of instinctive devotion and self- for pork as the pig; but I believe sacrifice among the lower animals, the opinion will grow rapidly that The true inference from Schopen field-sports are barbarous and de- hauer's pessimism is that since self-grading. Here however, I know sacrifre is a law of Nature, selfish that half my readers will disagree ness is everywhere bankrupt, and with me.. foredoomed to final failure.

(7) If the animals were not made for men, neither was the rest A More Exacting Standard. of this world Within the last

I believe, then that Sciener, the hundred years the most civilised latest revelation of God, has much nations have been busy in defac

Many "Cures."

I was told that here the Borstal out of 100 are cured of their bad system is successful, in that 65 boys habits. They all went to a Jonely place along the coast, and camped under canvas quite recently. They leaped at the idea of camp life, and about 300 boys forgot their past naughtiness so completely that-only- one of them broke camp and bolted. The boys have one suit of clothes for week-days and another for Sun.

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days: they dress in brown and in LEATRICE JOY blue, and the blue boys are trusted on their honour and given respon. aible positions, and in time have the chance to become house cap- tains. The old prison chapel has been turned into a hall, where they can give gymnasium displays and theatricals on a stage they have built themselves. And down near the rocks they have a swimming bath.

How Radio Helps. Through the instrumentality of the inte Mr. Hugh Joncs a great social experiment was started in these institutions with the Home Secretary's approval. One of the humanising influences of Borstal life at Portland is provided by the wireless set, and every evening when work is done the lads, sit round the loud speaker and enjoy the broadcast programmes.

Wire- iesa," said Sir William Joynson- Hicks not long ago, is baving # remarkable effect on Boretal boys.

The same day that the convicts for Dartmoor and Parkhurst 20 marched out of the prison and left Borstal lads marched in, and since that day aix years ago the ident which the Prison Commissioners

to teach us in morala; though we ing all the beauty of Nature, rav have had in mind is to make s need not suppose that inanimate ing ite resources exterminating Boratal institution less and less of Nature is a deeper revelation of some of its most beautiful living a prison and more and more of an the will of the Creator than the species, and generally behaving

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mind of man, which an old writer like ill-conditioned savages Here educational and training establish The Food of Life said is the throne of the God-again the morality of science willment. head" God' dwelling, exy speak in no uncertain tones. We It soon became obvious that the Wordsworth, in "in the light of set are trustees for a beautiful world, prison intended for 800 convicts was ting suns in the external world which we are doing, our best to quite unsuitable for training two -“and in the mind of man." If spoil for all future time.

or three hundred young offenders Science, which is advancing from (8) "For all future time under the Boratal Fystem. The therefore one victory to another, and which This is the great quarrel between Prison Commissioners calists in its Bervice the keenest in science and politics. Science has adopted a design prepared special- tellects and the most disinterested no quarrel with the maxim" Seek. by their surveyor, Colonel H. S. characters of our time, should so the greatest happiness of the Rogers, and the transformation of for increase in prostige as to ia- greatest number," but it reminds the prison into an educational fluence the judgment which we us that the greatest number are not centre is remarkable. form upon conduct, what changes yet able to speak for themselves. in publie opinion may we expect? The politician remembers only that (1) In religion, which is closely the unborn have no votes; science connected with morale, Science never forgete that they have rights. may apeak doubtfully about the So we como lastly to eugenics, existence of a personal God. But which in the future will be one of it will not allow us to believe that, the most important, of all the if there is a personal God, He is sciences. When the laws which're either a capricious Oriental Sul gulate racial progress and de- ban, to be approached only through generation are known, woe to the His privileged courtiers, or a mag nation that refuses to recognise nified Schoolmaster, or the Head of them. "I am not in the habit of

the clerical profession. Sir John talking," Plotinus makes Nature

Stone walls and prison bara have given place to large dining and re- creation rooms, class-rooms, kit chens, bath-rooms, and tiers of cells have been converted into dormi- tories.

The arst house transformed under the new system is named after Nelson, the house.master being the Rev. AV. Hurley, the well-known Oxford blue and Corinthian.

It is hoped that the boys will re-

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Seeley said that the man of science any. No with her it is a word on the lines of the first one in two has a nobler conception of the and a blow, and the blow first, 3 For three years' time.

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