1927-04-13 — Page 3

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•

THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 13th, 1927.

THE NEW ITALY.

MOBILIZING A NATION.

MUSSOLINI'S DARING EXPERIMENTS.

[BY SIE JOHN FOSTER FRASER.]

This is the fifth year of the new: era in Italy, and all official docu- ments are dated "Anno. V."

The Socialists and Communists, who came near to plunging the coun- try into civil strife after the war, and possibly establishing a Soviet, have been run to earth. Old laws have been kicked into the discard. and the Prime Minister is fertile in devising new schemes of patric tism, national, economies, industrial; progress, and moral conduct. Mus. solini decrees, Parliament accepts, the people obey.

Personal liberty has been abolish- ed, and democracy declared to be Espionage, which wenses through all classes of society, bampers conversation.

out of date.

The Magistracy of Labour.

It is just as though in England all manufacturers' associations and

HOW TO BE YOUNG

AT 76."

LORD ABERCONWAY STILL DANCING THE FOXTROT.

MODERN "GIRLS.

VETERAN THINKS THEY ARE BETTER THAN THEIR MOTHERS.

all trade unions were abolished, and under order of the Government every man in every trade, no matter

Lord Aberconway, aged 70, who: his rapk, was compelled to be a celebrated his golden wedding, last member of his trade or professional syndiente. It is not at all necesmonth, is accounted one of youngest to be a Fascist to belong to the men of his age in London.... syadiente, though I learn there is The secret was revealed in a talk a certain amount of persuasion so which a newspaper representative that everybody does. It is to be was accorded. Lord Aberconway noted that a number of inen, for said: "I keep my youth by trying merly ardent Socialists, have be to live to my motto, Carpe diem come enthusiastic champions for the (Seize your opportunities'), by con new syndicalism.

stantly doing interesting things, and by mixing as much as possible with young people.

I have explained that collective agreements have the sanctity of law,

I still dance the foxtrot. I do But disputes between capital and

So special not do the Charleston, although I labour are inevitable. courts are established, called the know a member of the House of Magistracy of Labour" consist Lords older than me whom I have There is no question, however, ing of three judges of the Court of seen dancing it. I would not give that in a hundred ways Italy has Appeal with two expert advisers, his name for anything." made a tremendous revolution, specialists on the particular indus- now better governed, and that all try or matter in dispute. These to-day is depreciated.

In some quarters the girl of I don't classes are working. There is prac courts are commanded, when arry think it is fair. I find that the tically no unemployment. renting at their decision, not to consider girls of the present age are really public works are in full swing. The the interests of the syndicate of sensible. They cultivate the society syndicates first, but to keep in the of older man than their mothers surplus. There is a stem stability forefront of their thought the bene used to do. They say they find us in aitional affairs.

fit to the nation collectively. Mussolini told the Italians they needed discipline. They have agreed, and are getting plenty of it. When I have said to Italians that Fascism is contrary to the most enlightened doctrines of democracy, they answer, Maybe, but compare the industrial condition of this country with your own,"

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A New Sense Of Duty. It is novel to be in a country where there are neither strikes nor lockouts. It is strange to hear of thousands of deadheads and an- necessary employees being cleared out of Government departments and off the railways, and

to find he publie service improved. It is re- freshing to be told that Faxism, which is a mode of life," has deve- lopet a sense of duty and brother Lood between workers and employ.

ers

"The girl of to-day will become a fine type of woman. The sports in which she engages are helping to turn her out capable of being the mother of the finest men that the

This Magistracy of Labour is the more interesting and reliable and Enal court of arbitration. There that so many of the boys are vain. is no appeal from its decision. TRIBUTE TO MODERN GIRL. During a dispute there must be con tenuity of production. Lock-outs or strikes are crimes, and, whilst the penalties are graded, they are especially severe if the strike is in any public service or services of utility. Further; no employer can Five notice of reduction of wages without consent of the

employed and approval of the syndicate, Thus the law, the State, is greater than any section of the community, and, through the syndicates, all workers are part of the State. That is the new syndicalism.

A Discredited Parliament. Parliamentary representative gov. ernment, as we understand it in England, has been destroyed. Long before Mussolini came on the scene

world has seen.

As for the boy of to-day, I know any excellent young fellows, but I am afraid they are being handi capped by being over-educated.

The consequence is that when they leave public school and col lege, many of them want to start where their father left off, and the standard of social life having gone up, they are not able to compete with the boys who have spent years at a trade.

"That is particularly noticeable in the engineering trades."

Other countries will watch with it had fallen under the contempt

A Book Oz Industry. peculiar interest the experiments of the people of Italy. It was in Mussolini has started to prevent efficient and corrupt; it was a party

Lord Aberconway confessed that the victors; he had spent the last six or ninc industry continuing to be the cruel Same with spoils to sport of conflicting interests by politicians had nothing to learn making it part of the machinery of from American Congressmen in the months writing a book to be art of graft. What gave Mussolini entitled "Our Basic Industries, in and replacing the vote of the his superb opportunity, when seves which he is dealing with the indus- j mob with a Council containing

trial leaders of this country over the last 150 years,

Was

Lord

up.

a balanced representation of all Fears ago the Reds were starting i active forces in the country. In reign of terror, was that the Gov.

Aberconway thinks that one of his heroic orations Musso-Governments, were impotent except in the near future, but that we ernment, or rather succession of

great advances industrially are like- lini declared: "I do not worship in tremulously yielding to the baily- the new divinity, the masaca." He has repudiated the myth that ing demands of the Communists have still a great deal of leeway to No tears were shed by the general ways said, he remarked, because the masses are numerous

population when Mussolini declared they must be right

"that it would take us ten years that so far as Italy was concerned Syndicalism is a nasty sounding democratic. government

after the war to get back to the word in British enra. It arouses failure. It was fabby; it talked normal, and we have not yet hud visions of hordes of infuriated men too mach; it was sectional grabbing that amount of time in which to do seizing factories, throwing out the with no thought of the State; what it. I am sure we shall have to go employers and running the placca Italy needed was a national com in moro for big combinations in for their own benefit, but failing. science, a purification of its soul, industry." In the bad days following the war, and discipline!, when Italy, torn, disillusioned, in- competently governed, was reeling toward anarchy, something like that happened in manufacturing areas. Yet Mussolini has adopted the word, and the great experiment of National Syndicalism has been started.

Neither Strikes Mor Lock-cuts.

Ministry of Corporations.

SEAPLANE AS AIR FORTRESS.

He is creating a new form of Parliament called the Ministry of Corporations Definite details of FRENCH REPLY TO GERMAN this daring social turnover are still in the mould; but the principles are clear,

SUPER-LINER.

This Ministry is an outgrowth of An experimental super-seaplane is at Marseilles the syndicalist idea. It is quality under construction shout of the crowd that is.

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Dairy Farm News

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The law is that there must be no of expressed thought and not The Dairy Farm, Ice & Cold Storage Co.,Ltd. Trade Unions, disturbing the web count. So all businesses, off to reported to have an immense radius

strikes. under any pretext whatever,

trades,

fare of the nation to obtain what all professions, all who contribute they want, are prohibited. It is materially or intellectually to the not the deraands of the workers country's welfare form themselves that Mussolint is against, but the into guilds, and out of them will methods formerly practised.

grow a National Council of Cor Nor will he permit lock-outs He porations, very much on the pat- holds that the nation consists of all tern, I gather, of the English Trade the people, that for their material Union Council, except that in Italy and spiritual welfare they must be it will be representative of every taught co-operation, that it mad class that is contributing to the nes to have civil war during the well-being of the State.

of action. It is proposed to build & nutaber of these new machines for commercial purposes, but they will be capable of conversation at short notice into "fghting fortresses carrying five machine guns.

f

It is known that German airplane constructers are engaged in an im mense effort to construct a similar seaplane able to accomplish the journey from Berlin to New York in twenty-eight hours, Blying at a

Advantages of flying at is to be economic salvation there

the height include the assurance of ideal must be increased production. Director-General of Labour of the flying conditions above the clouds,

rain, and fog. Whether we approve his methods Ministry of National Economy

1

industrial crisis of the world. Italy This Council is composed of the height of thirty miles.

35

who pre

this

sides,

erowded country, and if there Minister Cretary,

Hermetically sealed passenger

or not, Italy has turned its face representative of each of the other cabins, built within the wings of the towards prosperity since Mussolini Ministries, two representatives of took charge. In a population of forty millions there are fewer than .100,000 out of work.

All For The State. Syndicalism outside Italy has meant the conquering of economie interests by the proletariat. Inside Italy it means that the classes IE- intellectual picreating capital, labour and manual labour shall be one indissoluble body, meaning the

each of the national syndica con- seaplane, would exercome the at- federations, a representative of each tion of atmospheric pressure. of the general confederations of em ployers and workers (guilds), and

a representative of the National cian, as Mussolini anid recently, is Foundation for Maternity and In-rigidly and ferociously unitar- fancy.

fan. In many of his speeches, the Prime Minister has glorified the "A Vertical Trust Of Labour." High oficials with whom I have strong men in history who have on the impulse of their own conversed, and in close touch with

consciences. All power in Italy Mussolini, have a sort of tensioned rests ultimately and unquestionably Sinte. No class must usurp power newvous confidence about this now

to dictate. Everybody has to get it and compliacted machine by which with Mussolini. There is an atmos not only into the mind, but into the the Government may be well inform phere of infallibility in Rome. heart, that the moral and material | ed of "Public Right." No class of

life.

Duce.

welfare of the country is one and the community is to get advantage Mussolini is above the people; his the same thing. During the last over another; only the State is to position is not dependent on any few weeks it has been persistently be benefited. There can be to war voto in Parliament. The King dinned into me that Fasciare is not between, the classes

makes him Prime Minister; and political creed; "it is a mode of Whilst the Magistracy of Labour until the King unmakes him he compulsory arbitraremains Prime Minister. Musso- provides for All categories of people, whether tion, neither the guilds, which have lini, therefore, is Prime Minister professional men, municipal, em important administrative duties im for life indeed, as he holds ecven ployees, post office, telegraph, tram posed upon them, nor the National portfolios in the Government, he is way workers, all grades on the rail- Council of Corporation, nor the the Government. What is going to ways, are speedily being organised. Ministry of Corporations intend be the end of his supreme and Within the next few months it is ed to take the place of Parliament almost superb autocracy nobody not likely that any man, profes-have any parliamentary powers in dare guess- but many serious-mind sional, manufacturer, or simple the British sense. There is intended Italiens are getting nervous. yorkman, will be outside the ayn ed to be structurel harmony in the Most Italians, however, are proud dicate that deals with his position Fascist legislative edifice, but Fas in the belief Mussolini is the saviour ia life..

· (Continued on next column). 1 of their country.

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CLOSING QUOTATIONS.

·ON LONDON.---

April 13th, 1927.

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