1926-10-05 — Page 2

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"MAKING MEN. .

PHYSICAL TRAINING IN THE

ARMY..

METHODS" AND MEANS,

(BY SPECIAL" COBBESPONDENT, I

CASE OF "BUBONIC PLAGUE IN ENGLAND.

DEATH OF A BOY AT LIVERPOOL,

་་

The Ministry of Health announces the notification of a case of bubonis plaguo at Liverpool. The patient, a boy, of ten, whose father is employed at the docks. becnie i on August 97th, and died on August 30th.

Government bacteriologists have since confirmed the diagnosis of hubonic plague. The boy's father is now in Hospital recovering from an illaess the nature of which suggests that he, too, may have suffered from bubonic plague. The other members of the household

ara under observation.

All possible steps to prevent a spread of infection have been taken by the Liverpool public health department. The circumstances are being investigated by a medical officer of the Ministry of Health.

war.

Previous cases of hubonic plague in England are rare, though members of ships' crews have occasionally been found to be infected. This was particularly the case immediately after the

The germs of the disease are usually carried At by ships' rats, which infect the crew.

shore is extremely rare, however, for a worker to become infected.

As long ago as 1939 when a doren N.C.O's from various tits went with Major Hammersley, of the 14th Regiment. of Foot, for a aix months" course at Oxford University, the British Army gave official recognition to the principle of physical training. Those twelve apostles, as they afterwards came to be known, preached the gespel of physical Atness through the medium of gymnastics -individual exercises on the horizontal and parallel bars, the rings, bridge, and elastic ladders, the trapeze, the horse, and the dumb-bells-and although, in the light of experience, it is now realised that they worked on the wrong lines, they are justly, regarded as the pioneers of one of the most important movements in the Army of to-day."

Gradually the conviction gained ground that the best results would nos be obtain- ed from a system which undoubtedly turned out a few expert gymnasts, but was of little utility in the effective train- ing of the great majority of recruits Nevertheless, it remained in official use notes by the training officer instructor. until 1888 or 1889, when, largely through the platoon commander, and the staff the efforts of Captain sherwards Colonel instructor concerning each and every Sir Malcolm) Fox, physical drill with student-a record which forms the basis arms and physical drill without arms of the judging for leadership.” were introduced. In the face of much. Successful students-receive-the-PT opposition, Captain, Fox later advocated certificate in one of four grades: (1) the adoption of the Swedish system of "Special" (100 per cent. tó 83 per training, and eventually, in 1894, a com- cent): First-class (34 per cent. to 73 per promise was elected between this method cent.); Second-class (74 per cent, to 00 and the old gymnastics. Lack of the per cent); and "Standard "* (39 per necessary physiological and baatomical cent, to 30 per cent of the possible knowledge at that time prevented many marks); the possession of which also im of the instructors from securing the best plies a rudimentary knowledge of box- possible results, but in 1906 the compro- ing, bayonet fencing, wrestling, athle- mise gave place to the present system, ties, swimming, and the organisation of which is founded upon the Swedish games and "competitions. On “passing theory.

out the men return to their units asj Thanks to the enthusiasm of Major assistant P.T." instructors, receiving. Moare, of the Berks Regiment-the prin. 8d. per day extra pay when so employed. cipal author of the current manual on At the end of twelve months, it specially P.T." the prejudice and indifference selected as showing great aptitude, they which meet all novel ideas were gradual may rejoin the school for the Ad- ly surmounted, and just prior to the out-vanced Course," a training in the high- Greak of the war the new system was beest grade of “P.T." which places the ing established throughout the Army, best of the successful students upon the After the Armistice it was considerably School staff as sergeant-instructors. improved by Colonel Campbell, late Inspector of Physical Training, who modified it in. necordance with the lessons of the war, and found a worthy channel for his views in the nexty-formed Army School of Physical Training at Alder shot. The duty of this school is to teach tenchers: its object is the development of body, mind, and spirit.

Scientific Tratting.

The military authorities are now keen ly alive to the need for preparing the soldier to meet the mental strain of modern WET, as well as the physical Istigue that has been common to war '1A every Bge. This preparation will sacred according to the measure in which the objects of the... PT. School at Aldershot are recognised and accepted by commanding officers, who have, it within their power to use every man in their battalions who has passed through the School as the little leaven" that leaveneth the whole lump." How the School is making met of the type that the next war will demand can best be explained by a description of the three months course for officers and N.C.O.'s that has just concluded.

One hundred and eighty students, drawn from all parts of the British Army, and ranging in age from 0 to 28, are organised in two platoons of three sections cach, no distinction being made during the actual training between those

Everyone on our staff should be like Cesar's wife," said the chief instructor.

Before they join us they go through the finest coinb you could imagine, and We take no man who is without sterling characteristics of keen industry and Breat 'aptitude for the work.”

1acre are many other interesting. aspects of the activities of this school, where they distinguish so keenly between the perfect man" and "the perfect animal," but space will permit of refer- ence to only a very few of them. Tax- payers will note with approval that the school makes all its own kit, a medicine ball that would "cost 30s. in the shops is here manufactured out of fibre and n few pieces of old blanket for a couple of shillings; punching bags confess the same lowly origin; and the expensive leather-covered variety of boxing glove a supplanted by thickly wound "knuckle strips" which once belonged to that per- fect article of general utility-the G.S. blanket. By showing how to make the best possible use of the materials at its disposal the school has proved its fitness for more generçus financial assistance, which would nowhere receive a more cordial welcome than in the little room where the first permanent medical officer employs the many weird his craft. "

gadgets "of

Baals of Progress. studied the military P.T." of France The medical officer-who recently who hold commissions and those who come from the ranks: The course,

on the spot is the keeper of the school's which vital statistics," which he is compiling occupies sixty-six working days, 13 with the. aid of a variety of apparatus divided into four parts: (1) Instruction designed to record the physical condi and training in the techniquetion of the student under the changing exercises; (9) similar instruction in conditions of his work. Statistical re- technique, in addition to the teaching of corda are the basis of scientific progress, its application; (3) leadership students Such a compilation should provide much take their own, classes; (4)inter-section data competition for the School Flag, which PT.," and any expenditure upon the for the future development of is borne on parade by the winning equipment of his laboratory section. In these days nobody requires

could to be told the nature of Swedish drill," fairly be regarded as a valuable invest- but any idea that the School's curriculum ment included nothing else would be very wide general atmosphere of the school-the Much could be written concerning the of the mark. Boxing, bayonet-fencing, cult of the spirit of sportsmanship, the wrestling, running, swimming, and the use of the foil and sabre, to say nothing eager pursuit of all that is clean and of the medical officer's lectures, are all healthy, the open-air suggestion that employed to the same end-the coincident students, and the graceful, athletic poise one receives from the clear eyes of the training of both mind and body and of their bodies. An army inspired from the various exercises are carefully arauch, a source would prove irresistible. ranged to prevent the mental or physica! But it must suffice to refer to just one strain from becoming to exacting dur subject that is dear to the heart of the ing any one period. Consequently the commandant-the vocational training for syllabus is drawn up eording to the the school stuff, and also for "gradu following psycho-physiological dlani. fication of subjects:

ates whose military service, is "draw- ing to a close.

Mental: Lectures, demonstrations, ex- aminations, refereeing end judging of athletic meetings, debates, making kit and equipment.

Mental Greater than Physical: New lessons in P.T." and boxing.

Physical Greater than Mental: Per- formance of physical exercises and lessons previously learnt; obstacle training.

Brain Stimulating: Physical training games, basket ball, and athletics.

Physical: Cross-country awimming, tug-of-war.

Nervous Strain: Competitions (espe cially boxing), athletics (short sprints), oral examination, claw-taking, referee ing and judging.

"Leadership."

running:

Army careers men who have passed During the last six months of their through the school may return to it again care of small holdings, allotments, and for tuition in small stock farming, the

would assist them to secure civil positions similar subjects, a knowledge of which in welfare centres, schools, and the like. bettor chance of acquiring that "human" Nowhere else could the soldier atand ai outlook without which he sometimes inds it difficult to "mix" with the civilian Physical Training they are population. For at the Army School of mens task which demande, above all makers of other qualities, a deep knowledge of human psychology.

Many of the nations that were bellige Special attention is devoted to the rents in the war have since awakened to development of leadership, which is the supreme importance of the modern judged on the students work during the theory of physical training among them whole course, and takes 45 per cent of France, Czechoslovakia, Roumania, and the total marks in the examination; Japan and are taking steps to translate technique is allocated 26 percent. and that theory into practice. In the "P.T." theory 20 percent. When I saw the School, at Aldershot the British Army school at Mass PT" in the vast has an instrument that can make it a gymnasium I noticed that each man car thoroughly efficient as any other army ried a number on his jersey. This was in the world. But the best of instru to facilitate the taking of exhaustivements is impotent unless it is used.

(Continued on nisi column.) Daily Telegraph.

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