1926-06-22 — Page 2

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HOUSE OF LORDS ON BIRTH CONTROL.

ARGUMENTS FOR AND AGAINST,

THE WAR PROBLEM, "

EVE AND THE TURF.

SOME OF HER TRIUMPHS.

OWNERS, PAST AND PRESENT.

As owners ou à largo and successful. scale, women present, on the whole, a twentieth-century Turf development. Nevertheless, says the Daily Chronicle, the lady owner is much older than is generally known, oven among followers of racing,

:

1926

The recent debate in the House of Lords marks a distinct stage in the pro gress of the movement for birth control -a dago at least as important as that reached in the famous Bradlaugh and Besant judgment more than 50 years ago,

Queen Anne was a very good friend to writes Harold Cox in the London Sunday

the sport. During her reign,sho increasi Times. The debate arosa on a motion by Lord Buckmaster calling upon thee the existing number of "King's Goverment to withdraw restrictions with Plates" and openly ran her own horses. Thus at York on July 30th, 1714, a prevented birth control information from being give in maternity centres. In sup- few days before the Royal owner's death, port of his motion he delivered a speech the Queen's bay borne Star, carrying to the eloquence of which almost every 11st, won a sweepstake of 100 shillings, aubsequent speaker bore testimony. It with a plate of £40 added. During the was a speech in which the general case Victorian era women raced but little, for birth control was stated with admir. and did so under assumed names.

and able lucidity and with a depth of human two most famous feminina sobriquets of feeling which obviously appealed to the those days were "Mr. Manton" House. The whole debate should Lo" Mr. Jersey," which thinly veiled the read in the official report, which anyone respective identities of that remarkable can buy From H.A. Stationery Office for character, the Duchess of Montrose, and

Miss Lily Langtry, now Lady do Bathe. sixpenco.

Lord Buckmaster's main argument was that large numbers of the poorest women in the country are compelled by the con ditions under which they live to produce Unlike children that they do not want. wealthier women, they are unable to ob tain reliable information sa to contracep tive methods. If they ask for information at a maternity centre it is refused. A woman may be in danger of losing her tifo if she bus saother child, or her health may be permanently impaired, but no in- formation will be given to her as to how to avoid this danger.

The

The Duchess's spoils included the Ascot Gold Vase, the Royal Hunt Cup, the Stewards' Cup, Goodwood, the Doncaster Cup, the Liverpool Autuma Cup, and the Manchester November Handicap.

SOME PAST VICTORIES. Lady de Bathe's charming turquoise and fawn hoops and turquoise cap have been carried to victory in two centuries. Merman credited her with Cesarewitch in 1897, the Goodwood Cup in 1890, and the Ascot Gold Cup in 1900, while in 1008: the Cesarewitch for ita Yentol won beautiful owner.

To-day the list of big races that have not been won by women would be neglig. ible, did it, not include the Derby, the One Thousand Guineas, and the St. Leger.

The result is that these poor women produce child after child that they do not want and that nobody wants. They may have started life on a fairly good plane, but the constant succession of unwuated babies has brought down the family stan- dard till a stage of poverty is reached Even so, Lady James Douglas, who in from which there is no hope of rising. Oncidentally was the first woman owner to the other hand, in the middle and upper win the Two Thousand Quineas (Gains. classes precautions are regularly taken borough, 1918) and was also the Grat of against unwanted pregnancies, especially her sex to win the Oaks (Bayuda, 1919) by the professional classes. Lord Buck-

woo the "substitute" Derby and the master quoted figures showing that the

substituto St. Leger of 1918 with burth-rate among the professional classes, Gainsborough. including clergymen of the Church of England, is less than ball what it is among skilleu labourers,

Since the war, and probably in racing history, the most successful WOMAC owner, at least from a financial point of view has been 31rs. C. Sofer Whitburn. Ber winnings in 1920 and 1021 were small but she was leading lady owner for the next three seasons, during which she wen nearly £40,000, among her triumphs being the Cheater Cup with Chivalrous in 1922-23, and the Workingham Stakes with Pro-consul in 1922, in which year sh also won the Middle Park Stakes with Drake.

ARCHBISHOP' PRONOUNCEMENT.

The official opposition to the motion was voiced by Lord Salisbury, who is obviously and frankly opposed on reli gious grounds to the practice of birth control. On the other hand, the Arch bishop of Canterbury, who also opposed Lord Buckmaster's motion, based his op position solely on technical points with regard to the existing governmental re- africtions. The Archbishop's argument was that these restrictions are in reality much less emphatic then Lord Buckmaster had imagined, and that all that they meant was that advice must be given by qualified medical officers and not by irresponsible persons. On the broad question of bin control itself, the Archbishop of Cantor bury made a statement which happily completely separates the Church of Eng land from the Church of Rome on this important national issue. After referring races.

GRAND NATIONAL WINNERS. Last senson Mrs. Whitburn was not nd feminine pride of so successful, place went to Mrs. Cayzer, whose win- nings amounted to a little over £7,000. Mrs. Cayzer won only three races, but oss of them was the Jockey Club Stakes with Tatra.

Women have also been successful under: National Hunt Rules, especially in minor At the recent Chelmsford meet

to the existence in England of birthing, for example, they, took three out of control clinics established wholly by voltn-six races in one day. tary agency and supported by voluntary And they have had their share of the subscription or by the fees of the pati- larger spoila. Lady Nelson was the first ents, or by bath," the Archbishop went woman to win the Grand National-with on to say: We make no kind of sugges. Ally Sloper in 1915 and Mrs. H. Peel tion that there should be any restriction won it with Pocthlyn in 1010, the same or interference with these birth control good horse having won the "substitute" centres, which have been established for race for her the previous season. those who desire to use them, and are supported by some oxceedingly thoughtful people in this country."

!

Nor does the tale of feminine success end here. Lady James Douglas. headed the list of winning breeders in 1918, and Lady Sykes did so in 1924, when she just beat Lord Derhy for first place with a total of £36,400..

This definito pronouncement may be taken as meaning that so far as the Church of England is concerned the prin ciple of birth centrol has won its victory. From many points of view that is a more important matter than the question of the extent to which Government sub- sidized maternity centros should be and luasian women. Thoy forget that utilized for the purpose of helping poor under modern conditions it is not num- women. If they are not to be utilized for Lars but science that will tell, and that that purpose, then it becomes the urgent in the next war crowded towns liko Lon- duty of all persons who appreciate the don-with a population greater than that nisory from which poor women suffer to of the whole of Australia will be help by voluntary subscriptions the main-national danger, for the inhabitants pack- tenance and extension of these voluntary ed in barrow strebts will live in constant torror of explosive bombs and poison gas clinics. As the Lord Chancellor later in the debate pointed out, there is in Eng. dropped from the air. land no law against birth control advice or propaganda, and he himself expressed the opinion that it was the duty of dee. tors to give birth control advice "where further conception will endanger the life or the permanent health of the woman.'"

THE WAR PROBLEM.

NATIONAL PROGRESS.

Among the other speeches delivered in the course of the debate was an intervist- ing speech from Lord Rathareedan, who described his experiences in various parts of the world, where again and again he hid soon young women prematurely aged From the national as well as from the by excessive child-bearing. The caso for individual point of view one needs to go beth control was also well put by Earl a little farther than did the Lord Chan- de la Warr, who insisted that the most cellor. In addition to the danger to the important element in maternity wellste individual woman, there is the injury to and child welfare was the fitucas of the the family if children are born in too molhor, and that it was ridiculous for the rapid succession, for the mother has not Goernment to spend publio money on time to bring them up carefully, and the maternity contres which refused to tell. crowding in the home is injurious to their wonen, who were unit to be mothers, health. There is also the injury to the how they could avoid pregnancies. He nation, for under present conditions it is well summed up the whole matter in the the least prosperous and in the main the words: "Women are no longer content least efficient members of the race who to te mere machines for the production are breeding mest rapidly. The Marquess of Salisbury talked of the necessity of in creasing our birth-rate in order to popu late the Empire. He would do wisely not to repeat that remark in any of the Dominions. They do not want to be filled with the products of English slums, Nor was Lord Salisbury accurate in his refer. ence to the French population problem. Like many other opponenta of birth con trol, he assumed that the slow increase of the French population is due to a low birth rate. As a matter of fact the than the

of wanted children." One may inderd anfdy say that last week's debate in the House of Lords was a great victory for wonen Lord Buckmaster's motion caried by a majority of 57 to 44.

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FLOWERS THE KING LIKES. HIS FAVOURITES DIFFERENT

[3617

The King, on the contrary, favour bril- hant hues, for it was observed that while. he was walking with the Queen through bododendron Dell his attention was at tractod by the rich 'crimson hues of a shrub named after Lord Rothschild,

French birth-rato is now bigher the Canterbury and the Lord Chancellor of cular dolights in paying unexpected priį garden also claimed the King's, special

English. The trouble in high death-rate, and especially the high death rate among infants.

Nor is there anything in the war argu- ment so frequently used by religious op- ponents of birth control. They argue that English women and French women ought to go on producing children as rapidly as possible in order that there may be more soldiers to kill the children of German (Continued on next column.).

That fact alone is sig, font, for a somewhat similar motion in the Houss of Commons was rejected only a few weeks ago Moro significant still was the gen oral tone of the debste-the moving sp-

FROM THE QUEEN'S. pea that help should be given to poor women who are now compelled to endure

Both the King and Queen are great soach neodlors suffering, and the frank recognition both by the Archbishop of lovers of flowers, and the Queen in parti- the value of birth control, At last we rato visits to Kew Gardons. have reached the point when birth con- During a recent visit the Queen showed trois recognised by the highest authori special interest in the glorious pink bloom ties in the land as necessary both for in- of the Japanese prunus trees and the dividual welfare and national progress, snow white bloom of the gean, or double- Queen Victoria's Walk, where the blue- and there only remains to be settled the flowered cherry. Har preference seems to belle are coming into, flower, was also delated question whether the necessary be for blooms of soft and delicate colour:visited, and hero it was made perfectly infomation to the poorcat women shalling on pure white, such as the fowers clear that the King and Queen aro at. bo von by voluntary agencies or by named and the rhododendron known as one in their love for the glorious wild

the Beauty of Littleworth. Statibsidized maternity centres.

Home brilliant little plants in the rock attention. In the paim house he gave: attention to plants that many persons might consider deli and uninteresting.

tower.