1926-06-14 — Page 1

Page

MASON'S

DELICIOUS

O.K.

SAUCE.

No. 21,196

Hongkong Daily Press.

號六拾儿百登千宣萬弍第 日五初月伍年寅丙

KOWLOON-CANTON RAILWAY.

Shatin

TIME-TABLE.

WEEK DAYS

LX. AX.

لايف

9.15 10.30 11.40 12.00

Dap. 8.40

9.24 10.39

19.09

Dep 7,02

0.38 10,51

10.03

Dap, 7.16

Dep. 741

9.19 9.53 11.06

11.04

12,34

12.58

Dep. 7.82 10.09 11,18

12:48

12.52

Kowloon...

Yaumati...

Tipo

H

Taipo Market

Fanling

Shanghai

Shumokun

Shumchan Sheungshal Fanling... Taipo Markst Taipa

... Dep. 6.50

...Dap. 7.36 10.07 11.00

„Arr. 7.42 10.13 11.23 1220 19.58

AX. 1.30. A.X. 7.21 8.65 10.38 11.40 ...Dep. ...Dep. 78.12 10.45 11.47

Dep Dep 7. Dep. 7.48

7.39

Bhatia... ...Dep 7,59 Yazmati... ...Dap. 8.12

EXCEPT SUNDATO

***

SpIDAYS & Fustich

HOLIDATA ONLY I

3.15.

3.21

5.13 6.08

1.30

9.00

4.17

3.07

5.20 6.15

8.18 15.49 1131

3.11 478

5.24 5.19

8.28 10,59 12.02

1.01

8.30 11,04 12.07

8.25

5.34 6.29 5.38 6,33

8,45 11.17 12.51

Kowloon...

...A!

8.20

8.55 11.29 14.89 9.03 11,37 12.41

2.57|

8.51 8.46 9.38 458 9.50 5,08 6,031 6,58 7.06 9,58 5,16 6,11

SHA TAU KOK BRANCH.

WEEK DAYS,

MAX.

STATIUNE..

Fanling ...Dep, 7,45 11,90 2.20 Bhatankok...A 8.40 19.25 3.15

F.X. F.M.

6.25

7.20

SUNDAYS AND PUBLIC HOLIDAYS,

STATIONS

LK.

2.K. 2.M.

F.M.

Fanling ...Dep. 7,45 11.30 3.20 6.25 Soatankok A, 8.40 12,25 4,15 7.20

WEEK DAYS,

STATIONS,

AM. 7. P.M.

Shatankok...Dep. 6.30 10.15 1.05 5.00 Fanling A. 7.25 11.10 2.00 5.55 BUNDAYS AND PUBLIC HOLIDAYS,

AM.

I.X FX.

STATIONS.

ANG

Shatankok...Dep. 6.30 10.15 2.05 5,15 Fanling...Art. 7.23., 11.10 3.00 8.10 Further information may be obtained at the Bantway Orrick, KOWLOON, or from Mayers. Thes. Coox & Box LTD., Hosaxons, or from TH Axxiq BE COM- PANT, HOMEKONG.

50

H. P. WINSLOW, Managor,

ESTABLISHED 1857.

HONGKONG, MONDAY, JUNE 14TH, 1026 AR

NINE ANXIOUS DAYS.

DIARY OF EVENTS IN GENERAL STRIKE.."

THE NATIONAL EFFORT OF RESISTANCE.

Registered as a Newspaper at the General Post Office in the United Kingdom.

號四拾月坒年五十國民華中

order. There was no employment of troops and no loss of life; and this was in no small degree due to the great res ponse made to the Government's appeal for the enrolment of special constables throughout the country.

On this day was published the Govern ment's assurance that no man remaining at work or returning to work would suffer in any way for doing his duty, and that he would be protected by the State from all victimisation in the

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FOLL AGENTS':'

On the morning of Saturday, May 1st, mut be continued in such circumstances, the General Council of the Trade Union the calling of the General Strike and the gross interference with the Congress decided upep the calling of a midsequent General Strike as from midnight on the freedom of the Fress involving future. following Monday. This decision was challenge to the constitutional rights and

Thursday, the third day of the Strike, taken in consequence of the breakdown, freedom of the nation." The Govern- an extensive improvements of the trans- on the Friday evening, of the final at meut demanded, as a condition of the port services; many thousands of volun- tempt to effect a settlement of the discontinuance of negotiations, the im-teers having by now been instructed in pute in the coal industry in the last mediate and unconditional withdrawal the elements of railway and other work. hours of the day on which the national of the instructions for a General Strike." Over 2,000 trains were run. Supplies This attitude was maintained without were ample and regular. The nation felt agreement in that industry terminated. The points at issue had been narrowed change by the Government until the ter- itself to be winning: A profound effect was produced by Sir John Simon's sprech down to this 4 That the miners' repre- mination of the Ceneral Strike.

Commons, in which he sentatives had been asked to agree, in

On Sunday, May 2nd, preparations for in the Hobse principle only to consider the recommeating the peril of a stoppage of essen- pointed out that the General Strike, mendation of the Royal Commission that tial services were already well advanced, which involved the wholesale breaking some reduction of wages should be The Civil Commissioners appointed un- of contracts of employment, was illegal"; made during the period of reorganise der the scheme prepared for such an

that every man breaking his contrnet was tion of the industry. Had this point emergency were at their posts in their liable to be sued for damages, as also was been conceded, the Clovernment

districts throughout the country. The every leader inciting men to do so." to his personal

& CO., LTD. willing to continue the subsidy to the national Organisation for the Mainten- the uttermost farthing industry while further negotiations were ance of Supplies was placed at the dis- possessions and that no trade unionist [Incorporated under the Companies Ordinances

of Hongkong.. being carried on.

pesal of the Government. Troops were could be deprived of his trade union moved to points where the necessity of benefits for refusing to obey an illegal

15, QUEEN'S ROAD CENTRAL. instruction. Ships giving protection might arise carrying coal from British ports were recalled by wireless. It was announced that "the Government has taken all steps to maintain the supply of food, fuel, light, and power," and that recruiting stations for volunteers would immediate ly be opened.

Was

The Cheneral Council of the Trade Union Congresa had decided on the Saturday morning that the railways and ali other forms of transport should be stopped, together with the printing trades, including the Press, the iron and steel, industries, the metal and heavy chemicals industries, the greater part of the Building industry, and those parts of the electricity and gra industries.con- cerned with the supplying of power. The engaged in these industries shall cease work." The General Council also "direct ed" that the sanitary services should be continued. As to the food and health services, it was not directed, but "re commended" that there should he no interference with these, and that the unions concerned should organise the die- fribution of food and milk to the popula tion.

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"A DAILY REGISTER."

RUSH OF VOLUNTEERS. On Monday the national effort of resist ance began in earnest with the rush of volunteers to the recruiting stations in every city and town. No more was heard of negotiations; a final letter from the General Council was published, in which an attempt was made to throw respon sibility for the Strike upon the Govern- ment.

and

govern.

FOOD SUPPLIES.

On Friday, the general position im- proved still further in all respects, with the exception of the fact that strike leaders had by this time turned their at tention to interference with the move- ment of feed supplies. The course "re commended by the General Council in this connection was entirely abandoned, on the ground that the Government, had contemptuously refused to leave the amintenance of food supplies to the strikers alone.

On the morning of Saturday, therefore, the first display was made of the forees, other than civil, at the disposal of the, Government in case of need. A train of 100 lorries loaded with foodstuff was escorted from the docks to the central depot in Hyde Park under the protection of a detachment of Grenadier Guards with 20 armoured cars. Similar convoys were moved on succeeding days, and the last obstacle in the way of the regular supply of food to the millions of London" was effectually removed.

DRIFT BACK TO WORK.

The House of Commons met in a spirit of gravity fitted to the occasion, and a debate worthy of the best traditions of The unions were further directed to Parliament was opened by the Prime "keep a daily register to account for Minister. He told in detail the history every one of their members" The pre-fthe crisis until the moment of rup waste The Corernment," he said at servation of peace and order' strongly enjoined upon the unions. At length, found itself challenged by an al- the same time, they were warned that ternative government,

On this day, Saturday, it became quite "the opponents" would in all probent ignorant of the way in which its ability employ persons to act as spies, commands were being carried cut, and clear that the discipline of the trade breaking- and others to use violent language in incapable of arresting disobedience tourions involved was near order to incite the workers to disorder them." In words that deeply moved the point. The return to work, of small At five o'clock on the Saturday even-House, he declared, "Everything that I bodies of men, was reported from many ing these instructions were telegraphed care for is being smashed to bits at this centres, and a number of reasoned re- That does not take away from furals of other hodies to leave their work throughout the country by the executives moment,

me wither my hone or my courage," had been published in the Press. On the of the unions concerned to all their mem

Mr. J. H. Thomas, in a speech of futher hand, the national organisations of ber's.

studied moderation and good feeling. all kinda were still growing in strength. argued that no challenge to the Govern. On this day 9,054 main line traina were ment was intended. Mr. Churchill, how run ever, expressed the sense of the House in stating that this was "the concerted. deliberate, organised menace of a General Strike to compel Parliament to do some (As Mr. J. Hthing which is otherwise would not do"

It was after the taking of this final step that the General Council, on the same evening. communicated with the Prime Minister, saying that the miners had not their case in the hands of the General Council, which was ready to meet Mr. Baldwin.

Thomas afterwards insisted in the House of Commons, the Council did not "nak " to see the head of his Majesty's Govern- ment, at declared itself ready to do so. A point of dignity, it seems, was ip question).

FRAMING A FORMULA.

THE FIRST DAY.

On the evening of Saturday, the Prime Minister addressed to the nation, by means of wireless, a powerful and mov- ing manifesto in justification of the attitude which the Government had taken up. I am longing and working and he concluded, but praying for peace,

will not surrender the safety of the British Constitution."

was issued the On Saturday also Government's appeal for recruits to the Civil Constabulary Reserve, & paid whole-time force, to be formed of officers and other ranks of the Territorial Army and of ex-soldiers, in order to co-operate with the Metropolitan and City Police and the special constables.

On Monday, May 11th, the seventh day. of the Strike, a well-marked drift back to work began in all the trades involved in the Strike. Thousands of railway- men returned to duty, and a large num

On Tuesday, the first day of the stop-I page, the nation was firmly braced to meet the first shock. Thanks to the com- pleteness of preparation on the part of the Government, and the prevailing tem- per of quiet, inflexible resolution on the The Government had had no official part of the threatened nation, that shock notice of the General Strike being dewas net with astonishing case. The res- cided #pon. News of the decision had ponse to the strike order, though by no appeared in the evening Press; but means complete, was enough to slow

Sunday, May 9th, the sixth day of the Ministers were unaware that the notices down the processes of economic life to had actually gone out when this message the minimum. On this day no more than Strike, passed without important in- 949.trains were run on the whole of the cident. By this time, owing to the from the General Council was received. The threat, however, was a new fact of railways of Great Britain. Local passtrong protestion given, the riotous in- the situation; and this was recognised senger transport was practically paralys terference with street passenger trans port had largely ceased in the towns, and by the publication, in a special edition ed in every city and town.

Perhaps the first sign of the real weak there was little disorder of any kind, of the London Gazette of a Royal Pro- clamation declaring that a state of ness of the Strike was given, neyerthe-save in Glasgow, where more than 200 less, on this first day, when newspapers persons had been arrested in three days," emergency exists."

Nevertheless, the Prime Minister, anxi- appeared in a number of provincial cen- and trouble was still brewing. ous to keep alive the faintest hope of tres, and even in London several journals A settlement; decided to ignore that were able to produce emall papers in threat for the moment," and to meet the limited numbers. The most effective blow General Council-well knowing that, in at the plan for cutting off the supply of doing so, he accepted a tremendous res-information to the public, however, was ponsibility to the nation. He, with cer- the employment by the Government of ber of goods trains were operated by the Lain of his colleagues, met the General the resources of the British wireless or companies. On the other hand, many Council's negotiators at nine o'clock on ganisation, which from first to last did thousands had by this time been rendered the Saturday night. Negotiations were inestimable service in maintaining the workless by the closing of factories, due continued on the Sunday, in spite of the national moral and checking the spread to the lack of fuel and raw material. fact that the miners' leaders were found of mischievous rumours.

The Strike was breaking, but its effects On Wednesday, May 5th, the second in loss and misery were only beginning to have left London, leaving the General Cound without power to hind them to day, the Government's official daily to be felt

Tuesday, May 12th, saw the last effort. any course of action. In the end a journal, The British Gazette, appeared,

formula was arrived at, by which the adding greatly to the very limited forces of the organisers of the General Strike. Council undertook to urge the miners" of the Press in resistance to the Strike. In eeveral of the large centres of en- so allow them to continue discussions on By this time the country realised thatgineering and shipbuilding the men were the basis of acceptance of the Royal Com- the supply of the necessaries of life was ordered to cease work as from that night. mission's Report, which discussions the practically assured. More trains were It was clear, however, that there was Council would approach with the know-being run, and the beginnings of tram- little likelihood of a response from these ledge that it may involve some reduction way and omnibus services, staffed by workers, who had so long been suffering volunteers, was seen in the streets of the the effects of depression in their indus of wages."

This was on the Sunday evening. On towns. In retaliation, taxicals drivers tries. On this day peace reigned that same day both the President and the were called out throughout the country throughout the Kingdom. The number Secretary of the Miners' Federation had by the General Council. The attempts of volunteer workers enrolled had now publicly repeated that no reduction of made by mobs, mainly of youthful heo- ligzos, to drive public vehicles from the wages would be accepted by that body.

It was after the framing of the new strecta led to the first developments of < formula that the Government learn disorder; and attacks upon these and this day, in place of the 849 on the first ed that members of the printing staff of other forms of transport were almost the day. 860 amnibuses were plying unmolest the Daily Mail had refused to permit the only forms of disturbance with which the ed in the streets of London. On this day. anpearance of the next day's issue of authorities were called upon to deal too, Mr. Justice Astbury, in the Chancery that journal, abjection being taken by throughout the duration of the Strike Division, in, an action brought by the them to an editorial article entitled In Glasgow especially there was serious National Seamen's and Firemen's Union "For King and Country."

rioting, accompanied by looting of shops, against two of its branch officials, gave Mr. Baldwin thereupon informed the on several successive daya, but in every judicial decision which bore cut in

(Continued on next Oolumn). General Council that negotiations could town the police succeeded in restoring!

reached the figure of 187,124. Thousands were joining the new Civil Constabulary Reserve. Some 5,500 trains were run on

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every particular the opinion given by Bir John Simon as to the legality of the Gen- eral Strike and the position of persons taking part in it.

In the evening there were rumours of pense activity at the General Council headquarters.

THE END. On the morning of Wednesday, May 12th, these rumours took more definite shape. It was in any case clear that if the Strike was not called off, it must soon collapse. At noon the representatives of the General Council repaired to No. 10. Downing-street; and the reading of the one o'clock bulletin at the London broad- casting station was interrupted so that the brief statement of the unconditional termination of the General Strike might be broadcasted to millions of hearers in every part of the Kingdom.