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A DOUBTING THOMAS.

THE LAYMAN'S DIFFICULTIES AND THE CATHEDRAL-

[BY À MAN IN THE PEW,]AN On Sunday morning there was deliver ed in St. John's Cathedral a discourse about faith and other virtues. It was a manly effort, given with sincerity by a preacher who at once gained

..

TUESDAY,

APRIL 19TH, 1926

There is a portion that is intelligible

and that seems, to some of us, dreadful, It is that part which suggests that unless we believe what is mintelligible

A TELEPHONE JUBILEE. FIFTY YEARS OF PROGRESS.

belter, judge than. Dom Pedro was at hand His name-gas William Thom gon, which he afterwards changed for Lord Eeivin. He, too, fried the to

MR. GRAHAM BELL'S INVENTION. to us we shall be eternally damned. History, says The Timer, is notorious phone, and gave his opinion that it was We refuse to believe that even the for repeating itself with additions, and the greatest thing he had seen in

America greatest sinner on record is eternally often is well inspired in the choice of

In the early part of 1877 the telephone opportunity. The jubilee of the tele was set up between Beston and Salem. that remakable test which has just been tinctly carried, and (if such things can phone was obviously the right time for These places are 19 miles apart. Over that distance words and music were dis- described in The Times. Human voices be measured) caused far greater surprise than the feat across the Atlantic last

damned.

It may be that the preacher who fail ed to mention this difficulty on Sunday

the attention of the congregation F morning will explain that the Church of were carried to and fro across the Sunday. Later in the year Sir William

was obviously sincere. He spoke straight at those listening, locking them directly in the face except on two occasions when

England does not demand acceptance of Atlantic, between London and New York, the Athanasian creed to-day.

within a few days of the 50th anniver- "To-day. That is another difficulty.sary of the moment when the first spoken

he read out, his text about doubting Is it wrong, then, to refuse to believe sentence was transmitted over the teleThe men of science appear to have been

Thomas. He relied upon no other quotations; he used just plain straight: forward language that anyone could understand. He was talking.neither above the hoads of the congregation nor below the intelligence of the mo

most pedantic. It was a simple and 'honest at-

to-day what countless pious people be lieved in the past? If it is not wrong, then why do we not believe to-day? It is because, at some time, there was a doubting Thomas.

Preece brought the telephone to England. and was soon followed by Ball with a Ball and Preece showed the invention to complete set of perfected appaçatua the British Association at Plymonth. Phone wif

more deeply impressed than the British celebrated to-day, was in its way cloquent the telephone with a view to its adoption That first spoken, sentence, which is Government. A suggestion was made that the Government might like to see of much endeavour and experiment.. The by the Post Office. Expert opinion was history of the telephone begins vaguely against the proposal. The possible uses of the telephone, it was considered, were in the 17th century. In 1876 takes on very limited. THE LACK OF CHARITY.

outlines, which are, nevertheless, rather confused. It is the old story of human

THE QUEEN'S INTEREST. These few lines are written in all inventions. Several men had been tempt to persuade people that it is hatta sincerity and with no desire to add to There is no reason to suppose that any The Queco wished to judge the invention labouring to, give shape to a bright idea. story. Ball's luck was still holding. Queen Victoria now intervenes in the the admitted difficulties of the clergy one of them borrowed unduly from the tor herself, and accordingly, on January to-day. We must be grateful to them, others, but, the race being won, it was 14th, 1875, Bell gaye a demonstration at " not only for the example of many lives course,

followed by protests as a matter of Osborne. Communication was establish- of great self-denial, but for their efforts duced in 1881 an apparatus which trans Queen talked; songs and recitations also ed with Osborne Cottage. the residence Philip Reis, a German electrician, proof Sir Thomas Biddulph, to whom the to hold aloft the lamps of virtue. We mitted sounds. This was exhibited to were transmitted. A set specially made are simply bewildered by the attitude the Physical Society of Frankfurt, and for the Queen was afterwards presented the official attitude of the Church on of Chicago, even as Rois had been set of the telephone were more widely ex- gave hinta, it is believed, to Elisha Gray, to her. In another week the capacities this subject of what we may and what thinking by the di coveries of former inhibited, debate in the House of Com- we may not believe.

vestigators. Gray applied for a patent mona being reported in the Daily News to the American Patent Office on by telephoning Some of us believe that Mr. Hickson February 14th, 1876. He was too late. has given definite exidence to support Graham Bell had made a similar ap. Bell in 1900, and inom of his native An hour or two before Alexander honorary degree of LL.D. on Graham Edinburgh University bestowed the The searchlight of publicity his statements about spiritual healing.plication to safeguard his own invention. presented with the freedom of his native now shines brightly upon the words What does the Church say about it?

To Bell and his independent experiments city, uttered by the leaders of thought in any community.

to be decent than to be the reverse. It did not, however, in any way explain away the difficulties which create doubts in the minds of many a Thomas of to-day,

THE COMPARISONS. Anyone who accepts an ex cathedra statement without making intelligent enquires into the matter is in these

times considered either a fool or a lazy

person.

CTOP

the modern telephone must be attributed. The Institution of Electrical Engineers Some years ago a rather courageous He was a Scotsman, a native of keeps in its building on the Victoria- If Jones says that the local parson preached some sermons that of his father, had deveted much time to to do with the history of telephony, a Edinburgh, who, with the encouragement embankment, among much else that bas earth is flat-there are same people who gave a modern, but unorthodox, view the study of acoustics. Father and son reproduction of Bell's original instru continue to say that the earth is flat-about something in the Old Testament in 1970 had left this country for Canada, ment, and the telephone made on HM.S. we do not at once accept that statement one of those records of the apple and had raade his early experiments in the House for the Princess of Wales (after- where, near Brantford, Ontario, the son Thunderer and installed at Marlborough as accurate. We ask Jones for the evi- Eve, or perhaps it was Jonah and the mystery of the telephone. In 1972, how wards Queen Alexandra) in 1978. The dence. We remember that Robinson and whale. Unfortunately for him it got into had begun to apply himself to the pro-and the school-room at Marlborough ever, he had gone to live in Boston, and latter, which connected the sitting room Macdonald and others of our acquaint the newspapers.

Then began a great blem of deaf mutes and defective speech, House, was presented to the Institution ance have stated that the earth is round. heresy hunt. He had a rough time. The problem in which he was interested.

while he by no means forgot the other by Queen Alexandra in 1915. In the end we have to decide for our- sad part of the whole business was not...

The first telephone company in Eng- selves whether the earth is flat or round, the doubting Thomas, parson, but the

-A SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION"

land was registered on June 14th, 1878, It may not matter very much whether lack of charity displayed by members did not develop his apparatus, the way private lines, but in August, 1876, it The collision between Gray and Bell in the earlier days were confined to the with a capital of £100,000. Its activities resulted in a lawsuit, and then, as Gray sale of appliances and the fitting of our decision is 'right or wrong, always of a great society of the Church. was left open for Bell, who laboured to opened an exchange at 30, Coleman- provided that the decision is an honest

Let us think of the controversies of perfect his instrument. The fuck of an street, EC., with seven or eight sub- one. The contemptible thing would be the past and the lack of charity display he was working had served him well more exchanges were added, one at accident fo the mechanism upon which scribers... Before the end of the year two. to believe that the earth is round and ed by the divines. Technical terms such as apparatus justified the faith he had Leadenhall House and the other at West- to tell Jones that we agree with him as grace, election, sanctification, pre-laid the foundation of a scientific

placed in it and by March, 1876, he had minster. when he says that the earth is Rat..

destination, still up in books of and social revolution.

Companies then began to apring up all The preacher in St. John's Cathedral theology, like fossils, which show what ing either the public ear or the public ring unita were absorbed by the National But he had not yet succeeded in gain- and many lawsuits. Gradually the war- over the country, leading to confusion explained to us how Thomas refused to strange monsters once cumbered the aye. When his invention was shown at. Telephone Company," which in its turn believe that Christ had been seen after earth.

Calvin was once & doubting phis it received no attention from the Post Office. Since the war there have been the Centennial Exhibition in Philadel was taken over in 1919 by the General the great tragedy of His death. He in Thomas. To make room for the new judges. Bell's lack, however, was not large telephone developments through- ferred that Thomas should have believed edifee which he founded on his own exhausted. One day, as he stood more out the civilized world. The number of what he was told and that he should not ideas he demolished that built up for Pedro, the Emperor of Brazil, was con estimated at some 7 millions, of which or less patiently by his exhibit, Doin telephones in the year of Bell's jubilee is have stated that he wanted tangible the Pope. We now doubt Calvin's ducted round the exhibition. Dom Pedro nearly 17 millions are in the United evidence.

had known Bell as a teacher of the deaf, States and less than 1,400,000 in the It is possible that a less edifice.

and stayed to speak with him. Being British Post Office system. A rough cal- bonest man than, Thomas would have Let us be logical.

If we must not asked to try the apparatus, he was moved culation is that 14 Americans in every doubted but would have told his fellows doubt how then shall we believe 3: There is astonishment to exclaim, My 100 are equipped with the telephone, vend

God, it speaks! that he did believe. Surely, we may is only one. way. Learn from those who

two Englishmen in every 100. admire Thomas for his splendid honesty. did believe. How did they do it? Pascal,

Then the preacher went on to compare those people of to-day, who bave doubts About some of the beliefs of the Church, Pascal, the pious believer, used a daring with doubting Thomas, yet he did no thing whatever to clear up those honest phrase which has been translated as doubts. Thomas did finally have evidence and will stupefy you.".

follows: That will make you believe, which satisfied him. Some of us who struggle hard to form honest opinions man comes out of infinity and returns a mathematician Pascal ap that about religious matters are not given the to (perhaps) another infinity. The genius. evidence that convinces us that this or that Church is always right about the beliefs which it asks us to accept. ....

THE ATHANASIAN, CREED. The preacher had seen service in the Great War. In every way he seemed to be one to merit our respect. Yet le was; in a sense, disappointing. He, re moved none of our doubts.

believer, tells us,-By taking holy water, by causing masses to be said, and so forth.

of his day," history of mankind still meant only 6,000 years to him.

Some doubted that 8,000 years and we find "history

much more wonderful because

of those doubts.

lieve or be a brute beast" If so, one's Do the Protestant clergy, say "Be easiest refuge is holy water and masses. We refuse to be drugged and we relase to be brute beasts,

What do we ask of the preacher ↑ The cure of our doubts but not by the method of paralysing our reason. What do we cur bodies and the elimination of drugs, ask of the medical men! The cure of We feel that there is a natural bodily the use of drugs an evil. health which, if we possess it, makes There is a glowing spiritual health that ve long look. Life is joyous if it is worth Bring. for, but cannot purchase, by a bang-dog

He asked us to believe in, justice, courage, bravery, and many other virtues which, even if they are not practised, are almost universally accepted as worthy of belief. No one would take the trouble to go to the Cathedral if he did not be lieve in such virtues in the abstract, This is the cry of the man in the although he may find it hard to practise pew. Give us a system that shall be them. The preacher said practically no-fact, that shall be pure, "elevating and throughout reasonable and founded upon thing about Christian dogma. His appeal a standing rebuke to all the meaner would have been as acceptable to an make us morbid, super-sensitive and tendencies of our life, but that shall not intellectual agnostic as to any Christian prove impracticable to the duties of in the congregation, except for his res the Churches will aid us? Where is the res family life and citizenship, Which of ference to Thomas.

preacher who will help us! We have. What worries some of us who wish to had plain words from Father Schmidt ses these virtues become more universally have had honest opinions from Mr. Kirk about burning social problem. We practised is the attitude of the Christien Machonachie about topical avents. The Churches

clergy of the Cathedral do, so obviously Blunts, our higher feelings. Yet they try to rouse us from the apathy that sometimes puzzle us. Is it really wrong Book of Common Prayer, To many read of doubters in the biographies of to be a doubting Thomas 1 Why we people the greater part of it is ung the great. To doubt is, at least, to think. intelligible. How can they believe some This is a challenge to the Bishop and to thing the meaning of which they cannot Mr. Maconachie to tell us bluntly whe understand?

ther it is wicked to have honest doubts.

Let us take, for example, the Athan asian creed. That is incorporated in the

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