1926-02-09 — Page 8

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[97

THE SOVIET AND CHINA. THE RECENT TROUBLE OVER

THE C.E.R.

M. KARAKHAN'S BEMONSTRANOES In view of the systematic violation of all the railway agreements' which China has with Foreign syndicates the text of the representations made by the Soviet Minister to the Government at Peking and to Marshal Chang Tro Lin, as these documents have been translated into English by the Soviet news agency will have an interest for many readers. Note forwarded by the Soviet Ambas

sador to the Chinese Minister of Foreign Affairs-

"

Peking, January 19th, 1998

To His Excellency the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China, Wang Cheng Ting.

I request Your Excellency to inform me without delay what measures have been taken in order that I may, report, to my Government.

- * At the same time, I must point out, that the Government of the Union, having full regard to the sovereignty of China, renounced the right of protecting the railway, on the assumption and in the hope that the Chinese authorities would highly appreciats such unaction on the part of the Union, and that they would therefore treat with particular considera. tion the interests of the Railway," ön which the maintenance of order had been entirely entrusted to them. It is to be regretted that the Military Headquarters in Northern Manchuria evidently do not suficiently understand their duties to- wards the Railway, and I have, therefore, to ask you, Monsieur le Ministre, to in- struct and enlighten them on that sub-

ject.

I am likewise constrained to declare Chinese authorities, whole duty it is to that if the Military Headquarters and the protect the Chinese Eastern Railway and to maintain order on the same, are not MONSIEUR LE MINISTRE,QU January willing or able to secure, the necessary 10th the soldiers of the 28th Brigade protection and order, I shall be ready arrived at the station Awangchengtse to discuss jointly with you, the measures, from the direction of Mukden and forcibly which in such circumstances would be dccupied the cars of the mail train. Na 4 indispensable for both Governments to i readiness to depart to Harbin. Upon take. the demand of the Station Railway Ad- tanistration to leave the train, the sol Ministre, to the seriousness of the situa "In invite your attention, Monsieur le tiers seized by force the engine, took off tion, to the necessity of taking extraordi- the keys from railway switches, stopped mary measurer and to all the grave con every mancurring work at the station sequences that may arise, it such a situa and prevented the transmission of a load-on is allowed to continue." I must add, ed freight train from the station Kwang at the same time, that my Government chengtse to Changchun.

will hold the Chinese Covernment respon sible for all damage inflicted through the actions of the Chinese authorities, as well as resulting from the cutrages eoru- mitted by the Chinese Military.

**In consequence of such forcible actions and interference with the railway traffic, the station Kwangchengtse and after that, the whole southern section of the Chinese Eastern Railway has been paralysed, and on the evening of Janu ary 16th all freight movement to the south of Harbin was practically stopped.

"I avail myself of this opportunity to renew to you, Monsieur le Ministre, the assurances of my highest consideration."

II.

Nate addressed by Mr. Karakhan,

Soriet Ambassador 40 China, to the Chinese Minister of Foreign Affairs regarding the unlawful arrest, of Mr. Ivanoff, Manager of the Chinent Eastern Railway, at Harbin by the local Chinese military authorities :---

"As to the passenger traffic, the violent actions of Chinese soldiers were of a still more abominable character. On Januar 17th at p.m. the Chinese Military Head- quarters arbitrarily and forcibly dispatch- ed the mail train No. 4 to Harbin The engine brigade of the railway, led this train under threat of execution, without the necessary official permission from the

Peking, January 22nd, 1926. Railway Administration as well as with-

MONSIEUR LE MINISTEE,-I have just out awaiting ate stations the receipt ef permits, indicating that the road is General of the Union of Soviet Socialist received telegram from, the Consul free and notwithstanding the closed sema- Republics in Harbin informing me that phores (which according to Railroad re- gulations constitutes in itself a direct Chinese Eastern Railway, Mr. Ivanoff, was to-day at 3 p.m. the Manager of the crime). In consequence of such move-arrested by the Chinese military authori ment switches have been destroyed at ties. I must protest in the most energetic many a station.

It is only through exceptional mea- sures taken by the lanagement of the Railway that this train was not wrecked, with consequent loss of lives.

"The very fact of this train departing from the Station Awangchengtse without observation of formalities and technical conditions made any trafic on the South- ern line impossible because conditions of train movement created by the Chinese Military Headquarters would inevitably lead to disaster,

"The Military Headquarters have been repeatedly informed by the Management of the Railway that as soon as the outrages of the soldiers, which have com- pletely paralysed the work of the Rail way Administration will cease, freight traffic will be automatically resumed, but up to the present moment, the said out- rages continue and it is evident, that the Military Authorities so far from taking measures to put an end to the outrages, are virtually encouraging them.

"At the Station Kwangchengtee the Military Headquarters are in process of forming a train of 40 freight-cars, which they intend arbitrarily to dispatch, to Harbin. The Chinese Military Headquar. tera are evidently anxious to paralyse the work of all the sections of the Railway. Indeed, during the 17th and 18th January in Harbin, while the police proved to be indifferent and even cacouraging, a mob

manner against such violence and de- and the immediate release of Ir. Ivanoff, I hope that the Chinese Govern ment will give instant orders to the local authorities to effect this release at once." I request you to inform me of the mea- sures taken in order that I may report to my Government,

"I reserve the right to return to the matter of this arrest and to demand satis faction for such an unbeard of violation of the Agreement of 1924.

"I avail myself of this opportunity to renew to you, Monsieur le Ministre, the assurances of my highest consideration.”

III.

Telegram received on January 23rd

by Mr. Karakhan frum Mr. "Chi cherin, Peuple's : Commissary for Foreign Affairs of the U.S.8.R— ""On January 92nd in Harbin Chinese

Military Authorities arrested Mr. Ivanoff, the Manager of the Chinese Eastern Rail- way, without even an attempt on the part of the local authorities to settle the matter by negotiations with the Soviet Government. This unheard-of action of the Harbin Authorities took place after five days of systefastic violation of the Soviet,Chinese Agreement on Chinese Eastern Railway, when the Military Authorities in fact prevented the Manage meat of the latter fulfilling their duties, encouraged the violation of order on the

of 100-200 persons committed several acts Bailway and organized the seizure of of violence upon the agents of the Rail- trains by soldiers......” way. The same moh attempted to sur-We expect that the Chinese. Govern- round the house of the Manager of the ment will take the necessary measures Railway, Mr. Ivanoff in other words for peaceful settlement of the matter in tried to create an impossible position for question without avoiding the investiga the managing of the Railway.

tion of cases of violation of the agreement "On January 18th a group of Chinese, of the Chinese Eastern Railway from one incited by the police, went to the station or the other side. We demand, that with railroad-lines and detained the railway in three days full order on the Chinese engine which was moving up to the mail Eastern Railway be restored, Agreement train, which had to be dispatched to Man fulfilled and Mr. Ivanoff released. In chuli Station. A similar mob attacked case the Chinese Government is unable the engine driven up to the passenger to secure the settlement of these ques train No. 26, took hold of the engine tions by peaceful methods within the brigade and led them away.

aforesaid period of time, the Soviet Government has to ask the Chinese Government to allow the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to secure the fulfil ment of the Agreement and to protect "On January 17th at the Station the mutual interests of China and the Imienna Chinese soldiers likewise, arbi- Soviet Union on the Chinese Eastern trarily seized a railway engine and, under Railway by its owo means, threat of execution, compelled the en-

I await the answer. (Signed) Car- gineer to drive it to the Station Wut crear."

"It is only thanks to the exceptional reserve and faithfulness of the agents of the Railway that all these outrages bave not as yet caused disasters.

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IN COURSE OF COMPILATION

THE DIRECTORY

AND CHRONICLE

1926.

FOR CHINA, JAPAN, KOREA, INDO-

OHINA, SIAM, STRAITS SETTLE-

MENTS, MALAY STATES, NE- THERLANDS INDIA, PHILIP. PINES, BORNEO, Era

SIXTY-FOURTH ANNUAL

ISSUE

Pric

Abridged Edition

812

THE DIRECTORT cover the notable eventa, porte and nities of the Far East, from Netherlands India to Siberia, in which Faropeans reside.

Not only is the Directory so fall and complete in each case as it can be made, but each Colony, Port or Settlement is prefaced by a DESCRIP TION, carsfully revised each year, the majority of which will serve as an accurate GUIDES FOR THE TOURIST, giving every detail in connection with the places, their History Topography, etc.

Ing

The Information in these Descriptions, comeist:

of a

hundred interesting articles, panked with facts concisely sat out, and containing statistics of the TALDE of end Country and part, would alone suffice to fill a large volume.

The Book is printed from New Type specially

Preserved for the purpoee, Find uniformity in

at Mukden, and they worked out a plan of liquidation of the conflict. Mr. Kao declared that the Chinese recognize the liability to pay for military transport if it is provided by the treaties. He also aid that they are ready to use special transfer documents for troops in accord- ance with old regulations and that Chang Huan Hsiang suspends his order and stops interfering, while the Manager of the Railway at the same time restores the traffic.

"Having received the report of Mr. Krakovetaky about these negotiations, I immediately wired him saying that od this basis it is possible to come to an agreement with one more addition viz.: that we do not insist on the military transport to be paid within some definite time and we are ready even to agree that the payment should be made out of that portion of the net prost of the Railway, which, according to the agreement, must be allotted to the Chinese party

**I do not know what was the further. course of negotiations between. Mr. Koo and Mr. Krakovetsky, but I do know that Mr. Ivanoff, the Manager of the Railway, has been arrested" by order of Chang Huan Hsiang, that arrests of other off- cials of the Railway are being made, that Chang Huan Hsiang took steps to seize the whole Railway and to restore there the power of White guards, who were

Mukden Agreement.

aimine, while at the same time a maThis telegram was presented, by Mr expelled after the signature of the Soviet

IV4.

train, was running to the Station Imienpo from Harbin. This meant nothing abort Karakhan both to Marshal Tuan Chi Jui, Provisional Chief Executive of China, of provoking a train collision.

The Manager of the Railway, Mr. and Dr. Wang Cheng Ting, Chinese Ivanoff, being responsible for the regu Minister of Foreign Affairs. larity and safety of the trafic, was com pelled, in consequence of the aforesaid Telegram sent on January 3rd, by Mr acts of violence, to suspend the passen- Karakhan the Soviet Ambassador ger and freight traffic on the Southern to China, to Marthal Chany To Section, which has been already virtually interrupted by the outrages of the Chi-To MARSHAL CHANG TSO LIN

Ling-

1

Drawing your attention, while it is not too late, to the situation thus created. Ik you for the last time to take immedi ats measures 2. 20

(1) To release Mr. Ivanoff and all other officials of the Railway. N

(2) To stop immediately the interfer ence of the military authorities with the ⠀⠀ normal traffic of the Railways

nese military detachments. In case fur-

(3) And to fix the terms of payment On January 20th I telegraphed to you ther disorders are not stopped by the

for military transport so that the pay. intervention of the authorities rather than about the serious situation crented on the ment be funde in future out of prouts (is up to now) encouraged by them, the Chinese Eastern Railway with the request of the Railway due to the Chinese side. Railway is threatened with the absolute to take measures to stop violations of the At the same time, I beg to forward atoppage of all, traffic, comfo

Soviet Chinese Agreement by military for your information the following tele

Hrang at

gram from Mr Chicherin, the People's ance of que Excellency, I'must protestAt the same time I pointed out to U.S.S.R

their head. A in the most energetic manner. against spch actions of the Chinese authorities you that the cause of the conflict lies in (The text of the telegram- appears which constitute not only a violation of the lack of desire, on the part of the the agreements concluded between China Chinese Authorities to comply with the and the Union of Soviet Socialist Re-existing treaties publics, but at the same time inflict irre I am not aware what measures have parable damage to the interests of both been taken by you in connection with my telegram However, Mr. Kao, Commis foner of Foreign Affairs at Mukden entered into negotiations with Mr. Krakovetsky the Soviet Consul General

Bringing the aforesaid to the cogniAuthorities with Chang Commissary for Foreign Affairs of the

countries.

***"*1 request you, Monsieur le Ministre, immediately to instruct the local nathart ties to put an end to the outrages and to restore order,

above.)

hope that you will reckon with the heavy responsibility which lies on you and that you will neither decline our attempt of a peaceful settlement nor desire to take responsibility which will be equally heavy for the peoples of both countries t

The Soris. Government charged mo to declare that they expect from you a

(Continued on next column.) 2 reply.

every arrangement greatly facilitates reference.

Besides the stal Alphabetical List of Firma, the Directory gives the CLASSIFIED LISTS of TRADES PROFESSIONS at the larger Commercial Centres,

The

"ALPHABETICAL LET of RESIDENTS in the Far East contains the names of over 20,000 FOREIGNERS,

arranged, with the Initiala sa well na the Sur- names, in strictly Aphabetical Order, so that any name,can be found instantly,

THE MAPS AND PLANS

of the principal ports of the Far East have been angraved by one of the most eminent Firms is Great Britain and are annually corrected and brought up to data. .:!.

ans

The CHRONICLE covers the notable eventa together with the Torts of all the most import

Treaties concluded with the countries af Eastern Asia, the varions Customa Tariffa, Trade Regulations, Chambers of Commares, Scales of Commissions, Consular and Court Fees, Hongkong Stampe Duties, Eignal Codes, Chinese Festivals, Tables of Money Weights and Measures and other Com mercial Information,

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The Directories and Descriptions are of

Faking Tiantan

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