1925-09-09 — Page 2

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TER HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 9TH, 1925

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THE BRITISH EMPIRE THROUGH FRENCH EYES.

PROFESSOR DEMANGEON'S BOOK.

Professor Demangoup is Professor of Geography at the Sorbonne. His romarkable book, "The British Empire Study in Colonial Geography," has been translated by Ernest F. How," and is published by Messrs. Harrop at a 6

The book should be read by everyone who desires to obtain a right perspective of the British Commonwealth, for Professor Demangeon naturally surveys it from a new angle. In place of a detailed review of the work we print below an extract from its author's introduction.

We propose to show within the broad eultivated crops, the same kind of framework, as it were, of human geo-material existence, the same methods of Fgraphy, how a group of mon has succeed-exploiting the soil, and the same spiritual ed in setting to work its faculties of needs. Without the British Empire we invention, adaptation, acclimatisation,should have a different distribution of the and propagation in a very peculiar and very varied sphere of action.

British colonisation us a national phenomenon has reacted profoundly on conditions of life in Great Britain itself: but it is also a world-phenomenon in separable from the life of other nations, We may well ask what Great Britain would he like without her Empire, and also what the world would be like with out it

"races of the earth, for it has altered the held of expansion of negroes, Indians, and whites Europe faces the other peo- ples of the world with an Anglo-Saxon front: the yellow races in Oceania, in North America, and in the Monsoon ro gion of Asia: the blacks in North Amerin and South Africa, Without the British Empire the political map of their world would be differently drawn; it is n fact of world-wide import that Anglo-Saxon races dwell in both continents of the Northern Hemisphere and in two of the three continents of the Southern. The" Empire supplies the whole world with goods whose production has been created, developed, or organised by its planters, colonists, engineers, and merchants; the gold and diamonds of South Africa; the wool, wheat, butter, and meat of Austra lia; the wheat, fish, and timber of Canada; the sugar of the West Indies; the rubber and tin of Malaysin; the wheat, cotton, jute, rice, and tea of India Few nations contribute so largely to the maintenance and increase of the inheritance of the human race.

Of all the countries in this Europe CE ours, which has done so much in the way of exploring, exploiting, and populating the earth, it is Great Britain whose colonising instinet has contributed most Cowards, giving it form and life. There is no British family but has a sou beyond the seas; no newspaper but keeps its readers informed of events in the far-off lands of the Empire; no household that does not consume Imperial products; no career for which the colonies can offer so outlet; no industry that does not work for a colonjal market; no great seaport that does not trade with one or, other of His Majesty's possessions: no capi talist ar rentier without colonial stocks and shares in his portfolio; no security for the homeland unless the way to the colonies is open and free to the British Navy; no war that has not extended the Empire or defended it from attack. The conception of the Empire is familiar to every Englishman, while to the British Government it is the supreme national interest-an interest of literally world- wide extent. Without its overscas pas sessions the United Kingdom is merely small group of islands off the coast of Europe; with them, it has become one of the poles of the human race. The Englishman has property everywhere, and everywhere the English tongue is spoken The Englishman never feels alone in a foreign land, and no journey can take him far from the alight of his own flag When he thinks of his country, he sees ter wherever her ships are sailing Hetion of the civilised world. This wideo, is hurt if he feels that Continental affairs are checking her or "absorbing her; "he is at ease if her outlook is upon the ocean No other land has a greater portion of her hody and her soul beyond the seas. Basi ness houses, factories, merchant shipping, banks, and bookshops-what would Great Britain be without her Empire 7.-

And now what would the world be with out the British Empire There is no ocean without a British coastline; no con- tinent without some inhabitants of British race; no coming and going without British means of communication. In every settlement of British colonists there are the same forms of civilisation, the Bano domesticated animals, the same

REV. J. M. E. ROSS. EDITOR OF THE WEEKLY.

BRITISH

Other nations are but i acquainted with the extent and vigour of these cen- tres of British activity. Occasionally, however, they do perceive them, and measure them in the light of the great events that are agitating humanity. It was not without astonishment that the people of France saw squadrons of Hinda cavalry and Anzac and 'Canadian bat- talions marching through their villages. advancing right into the heart of our old Europe, to the rescue of the British Em- pire. And, when peace had come, it wa with surprise and some measure of em- barrassment that the French diplomatists found Beated in the council, chamber of the Allies the representatives of those far- off dominions which they were accustom- ed to regard as lying at the uttermost ends of the earth, and which now seemed close at hand, watching over the restors

ing of the circle of the nations is a British whievement whose origin, development, and structure we have to study, We have to see how Great Britain, after re- mairing for so long an agricultural coun- try, with no other outside ambitions than her French proviners, at length settled down in ber island, turned her back on. the Continent, sought fortune beyond the seas, founded a province in the tropical zone, settled "maltitudes of her children' on new lands in the temperate zone, added to her possessions from generation to generation, and ended by assembling beneath her dag the largest, the richest, and the most populous colonial empire that the world has ever seen."

téry invited Rosa to build up the new Presbyterian Church at Golders Green. There he remained for ten years, win- ning, as he had long in his other charges, strong support and affection, In 1921 ho returned to Scotland for a short period. to act as Editorial Secretary of tho Scottish Churches' Press Bureau and to anist the Rev. Donald Fraser in the Mission Campaign. In 1923 Ross succeed. ed to the editorship of the British | Weekly...

By the death of the Rev. J. ME Ross, which took place at Chiavenna on August 3rd, the British Feekly loses its editor and the Presbyterian Church of England one of the most distingusbed of its ministers. Though with his retiring nature he was not so widely known per

Though he made no great contribution sonally as some others, he was very much

to scholarship Ross's literary output was respected and trusted by those who considerable. He edited the official paper cupied leading positions, as one who com- bined good scholarship and a consider of the Presbyterian Church of England, able literary gift with a deep and The Presbyterian Messenger, from 1913 to natural piety. When, on the death of 1921, and wrote much in other journals. His books' were mostly of a devotional Sir William Robertson Nicoll, Rose was

nature, The Self Portraiture of Jesus" chosen as his successor in the editorship having a considerable vogue, as also had of the British Weekly, the appointment the volumes that he contributed to the sected a perfectly natural one to those Devotional Commentary published by the who knew him best, and it may be Beligious Tract Society. In them a wise, mised that Nicoll-binself, who know Hosa devout, and sympathetic mind was reveal- intimately, and had often employed bised, anxious to help people in their dif pen, would have approved of the choice.

He

It was a dificult tise to follow a man ficulties without creating new ones. who had made so individual a mark in also published on attractive biography religious journalism. But in the two of his father. He owed much to the remarkable woman whom he married, years which Ross has been editor, the Miss Margaret Macadam, the niece of British "Weekly has increased its circa Dr. Alexander Whyte. She not only help- lation, largely, it would seem, bocused him greatly in His ministerial work, English interests were allowed to weigh but a an M.A. of London in philosophy, more equally with the predominantly and a keen supporter of the cause of Scottish note of the previous régime, women's work in local government, sup- Jahn Ross was born at Rothesay in 1870 | plied an intellectual companionship, and into a family in which the prevailing stimulus of great value. She died a few tone was one of strong Evangelical piety, months after her husband's appointment His father, the Rev. William Ross, ofas editor of the British "Werkly." Cowcaddens, was one of the leaders of For Bone years Ross had suffered from Evangelicalism in Scotland, and his tubercular trouble, and had been compelled labours in one of the worst slum districts to spead part of the winter abroad. The of Glasgow were respected throughout heart failure to which bo has now Scotland. John Ross, after a good career succumbed, was in direct consequence of at Glasgow University and the Free his enfeebled health, His death at the Church College, started his ministry as comparatively early age of 55 will leave Assistant to Dr. Alexander Whyte at a serious gap in the ministry of the Edinburgh: From there he went to serve Presbyterian Church of England, and a charge at Alford, in Atordeonabire, will withdraw an influenes that was cam- But at the end of four years be left ing to be increasingly valued in the many Scotland to become minister of a church homes in Great Britain where the at Redhill, which became strong centra Fopinion of the British Weekly on men under his leadership. In 1811 the Presby and books exercises a powerful influence.

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