1925-05-07 — Page 2

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24

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EMINENT RATE PAYERS.

EIGHTEENTH C CENTURY RECORDS. ALTERNATIVE PROPOSALS BY THE

In the course of various 18th-century researches (writes a correspondent in the I'mer) it has been the writer's fortune to come across the names of a number of celebrated, people in their private character as ratepayers. The results are curious enough to be recorded, and here and there they provide some odd facts about the private life of those concrrued, It is something to know, that Robert Adam kept his carriage; that Garrick paid nearly as much rent as the mother of George the Third: that Hogarth's widow's rent was reduced after her has band's death. The Agures given are those for the poor, rate of one parish only, matters like sewerage being denit, with by a special levy:

more

I.L.P.

The National Council of the Indepen dent Labour Party issued Inst month two alternative reports on the reform of Parliament, to be presented to the annual conference of the party, at Gloucester at Easter.

Both reports condemn the present Parliamentary system as indefensible, on the grounds that the House of Commons is over-burdened, that its members are without access to the process of ad. ministration, and that it is rigorously enn trolled by an omnipotent Cabinet. The effects of this system, are described by the second report as follows:

"It is bad for the private inember, since it makes him "little more than a unit in a voting machine. It is bad for the Minister, since he knows that pressure by the Whips will always enable him to get his war. It is destructive of the morale of the House, since it makes every question one of party prestige, and leaves the Opposition compelled to fight over ground which, when fully known, would he found in last to be territory about much of which there was agreement."

We may begin with Hogarth. He lived, as we all know, in Leicester Fields, and A early as 1735 was able to afford an estimated rental of £35 a year. In that year he paid £3 138. 40.; in 1735, 24 2. 8d. in 1740, as much as £48. In 1730 his rent is given at £80, but the rates suddenly dropped to £4. In 1787 his widow's rent is given as £40, but the rates had risen two years later to £4 13 4d.; while in 1771 they went up again to Both reports advocate the devolution Es, and in 1774 to as much as 26 s., or of Parliamentary work on Departmentat of the representative than double the sum paid by Committees, Hogarth in 1795, when we take into ac- different

parties proportionately. The count the lowered rental. But Leicester first report makes the proposal that the Fields was a fashionable quarter.

Cabinet system shall be superseded, and The doubt about Edmund Kean's that these Committees should be made father's name, which is variously given responsible for the policy and administra as Aaron or Edmund, would appear to betion of their Departments. The chair- solved by the fact that in 1769 one Edman of each Committee would be the auad Kenn occupied a tenement in Cha- Minister, and, he would report, on its be-, pel-alley, rated at 1 53. a year on a half to the House of Commons. There rental value of 210, since the whole of would he a Finance Committee, with Kean's troubled childhood is associated whom the other. Departments would to expenditure, with that district, and the position of his negotiate with regard mother, hawker and ballad singer, seems The Ministers would constitute a General to make such an abode, at least possible. Purposes Committee, which might still Hetween the comfortable quarters of the he called the Cabinet. The Prime Minis- Hogarths and the squalor of the Keaster would be chairman. Ministers would family comes the Hogarths' intimate be appointed by the Prime Minister t friend Samuel Scott, the topographical first, though it is suggested that they artist to whom we owe so many interest-might be elected by their Committees ing views of the London of George 11 later. who lived in Hewitt-court, where, even in

The second report agues that the change his rent and rates were only outlined in the first report would not be and 12. respectively; he was clearly advantageous. It therefore recommends much less affluent than the friend with the establishment of advisory Depart who he went off on the famous trip to mental Committees. only, with greater Sheppey As early as 1736. on the other

band, the then rector of St. Martin-ic-party influence upon the Cabinet. It is the-Fields, Dr. Zachary Pearce, after-gested that the decision to regard any question as vital and as a "matter wards Bishop of Rochester and Dean of of confidence" "hould be taken from an Westminster, whs, assessed ut £3 on an autocratic, Cabinet and rested in the estimated rental of £40, and his neighbands of the party." Ibour, Thomas Estcourt, the comedian, paid 23 las. on a rental of £40 5. The difference is not a little odd. Was it respect for the Church.

Trade premises were lightly rented and lightly rated. Thomas Slaughter, the proprietor of the famous coffee house of that name in St. Martin's-laper paid only £48. Bd. on rental of £in 1769, and as his charges as early as 175 were 3d. for a cup of coffee end 20. for a cup of tea. be must have made a good thing of the business. Charles Pinchbeck again, a cember of the firm of watch makers and jewellers which gave a new word to the English language, had two houses in Powell's buildings. Charing

די

These two reports were to be debated at the Gloucester Conference, and the National Council recommends that they should then be submitted to the branches od divisional councils for consideration before a final decision is reached.

ARMY DISCIPLINE.

PROPOSED AMENDMENTS IN KING'S REGULATIONS.

The amendments are suggested in respect of several clauses in King's Regulations. More than usual interest centres in Clause 4 in view of the recently published report of the Inter-departmental Com- ittee, which recommended in certain circumstances the abolition of the death penalty for military offences. The effect of the amendments to this clause is to abolish the death sentence for certain offences and to restrict its award to casei where those offences are committed ou active service."

A number of alterations are proposed Cross, for which in that same year he in the Army and Air Force (Annual) Bill, paid £40 and 274 respectively, the rates the text of which was issued last month.

Most eur- amounting to £4-nod £ 8$. prising of all Peter Fribourg of the famous shop in the Haymarket, paid £o a year to rent and £2 11s. d. in rates, though by 1773 these had gone up to £34 and £45s. respectively. And now-f

Thomas Chippendale, sad to relate, was in arrears with his rates in 1789, though he afterwards paid up the £8 14. due co his heavy rent of £66. Heary Flitcroft. the architect of St. Giles-the-Fields, whose appointment as "master-mason of all his Majesty's works and buildings in. Great Britain," was gazetted on May 12th, 1748, was as late as 1769 content with a dwelling rented at £ and a "Couch-house and Stables" at 2s a year, and paid on the one. 16s. only on the oteh; whereas four years later "Mr. Adam." Robert to wit, was paying £10 a year in rent and 138, 4d. in rates for a workshop in Durham-street, Strand, to be court-martialled on a charge which and the same for an Upper Warehouse has been dismissed by his commanding under the Terrace"-Adelphi-terrace, that officer. is-while his conch-house and stable un- der the East Arch" paid 153. in rates

Anuther. paragraph corrects an error, the effect of which would appear to be that a soldier summarily convicted of drunkenness cannot be fined in addition to any other punishment unless that punishment is detention, while still an- other makes it clear that a man is not

The object of a further amendment ia combatant on a rental of 10. Samuel Foote, the also to make clear that a

officer may be given command, so far as Droll Dog whom Johnson threatened to relates to military operations, over a case if he caricatured him on the stage non-combatant oficer of higher rank. paid only Es för a house ia" Cockapur-

street in the same year, 173, yet his Another amendment lay it down that

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rates were 26; and for the Little Theatre a deduction can lay THE

pay for every day during which he is serving a sentence of penal servitude, in like manner as when he is serving a sea- tence of imprisonment.

and, unlike Bartolozzi, a man with coa- alderable gifts as a painter also, was pay-

in the Raymarket, where he gave his own playa, his rent was £200, his rates £26. But these sums shrink into nothing beside the lordly homes of Garrick private and dramatic, who paid £ for his house in the Adelphi and £19 Be in rates, while the rent of the Theatre Royal, in 1767 was £404, with rates of £40.88. a year, rising in 1789 to £47 23.

Another of the Johnson circle, the ing 30 a year in rent and £6 8s. in rates. Honble Topham Beauclerk," who also Valentine Green, in Salisbury-court, paid lived in the Adelphi, was rented and 30 a year in rent and £3 158. in rates in rated exactly like Garrick; it is some 1773, figures which are almost laughabl thing of a shock to find his full title in when we consider the value of his plates the rate-collector's writing, so completely today. has the more familiar form replaced it in our memory.

8d.

When we come to the higher rank of society we find the Princess Dowager of A few details of the expenditure of Wales paying only £20 a year in rates on an estimated rental value of, £200, as artists other that Scott und Hogarth may not be unamusing. In 1774 Antonio Zue against Garrick's £184, though the rental chi, of John-street, Adelphi, the deco value rose in 1775 to £300 and the rates rative painter who, originally a protégé to 246 quite surprising jump: the of Hobert Adam's, ultimately married Duke of Marlborough in the same years Angelica Kauffmann, and took her back was paying £30 a year on an estimated to his native Italy, paid £ 2. on a rental value of £300 which was raised rental of £74 in 1774; and William Ship- to £100, while the rates rose to £50. In ley, originator first of the famous Life 1769 Lord Gower, in Whitehall Yard, was

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49ciety of Arts, paid £3 a year in rates on rates; the rise, therefore, between 1789 his modest 20, rental in Panton-street. and 1774 was very marked, but probably In the same year Francis Wheatley, the Whitehall Yard, where he lived, was an future B.A., could only run to a rent of exceptionally desirable quarter.

12 in Buckingham-street, Strand, on Rates in London, therefore, were rough- which he paid £110s rates; whereas, ly doubled between 1725 and 1774. Did three years before, Cipriani, the rival of the estimated rentals fluctuate to the China Bailding, lat Floor. Tel 0,484 & 468. Bartolozzi in the grace of his engravings same degree? The facts seem to show

that they did not. (Continued on next Column).

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