1924-12-09 — Page 4

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SIR JOHN JORDAN'S REVIEW OF SITUATION IN CHINA.

to seo thor":

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IMPORT OF ARMS

CONSTITUTION MAKINGS

buay with their ons by force the Par

Faking bassbear studying the? approved method of peaceful unifica- hou. Following the fashion of the times it has turned out, a brand new Constitn-

impression

which definea, very dearly the duty and powers of the Central and Provincial condition of North China favourable opportunity for puttim the Governments very much on the lines of those of the Constitution of India pro- question of forcible unification to a deci magated in 1810. It naturally games, sive teab may, fod that they have only of course, thas China is an up-to-dates anal Far Eastern reunion took every change of dynasty involved a pro- mads confusion worse confounded. It Republic, and a whole chapter is devoted to the liberty of the subject. No Pro- place in the Edward VII rooms at the longed war we know that China, like took the Manchus M4 years to conquer since is to keep a standing Army, and they Hotel Victoria, Northumberland Avenue, Europe, bas bad her hundred years war, China, and it looks as if it might take military expenses are not to exceed ong London, on November 8th, on the oceaand we have seen the devastation of the their Republican successors considerably quarter of the annual national expendi sion of the annual dinner of the China Taiping rebellion, which claimed as its longer to bring the country, under. any fare. A virtue is made of necessity, and, as in. India, the land revenue is allotted Association. Presided over by the Rt toll of human iscrifice some 20 million settled form of government.

ta. the provinces. Needless to say, no Hon. Sir John Jordan, P.C, GCM.G., lives. Indeed, a Chinese statesman of

attempt has been made to enforce any GCIE, the former British Minister at my acquaintance who is employing bis

Foreigners have a measure of respon of these admirable provinsions, and how Peking, it was a sotable function attend enforced leisure in reading Chinese hissibility for the present trouble in China. for Eastern untion can expect to as- In 1910 the Diplomatic Body at Peking similate institutions, borrowed wholesale ed by a distinguished gathering repre- tory stated the other day that China had with prudent foresight decided to impose from the West is a problem on which faw sentative of the various Services, and of only enjoyed some 10 years of usinter an embargo upon the import of arms will, care to hazard an opinion. I see, the trading branches of British activity rupted peace during the last 2,000 years, into China, and for some years the a/however, that Mr Tong Shao Yi" and " in the vast Republic. “

Aumentantes rangement proved effective. During the some of the authors of the Republie are Another of Mr. Lloyd George's state- past year or two the Agreement has been now inclined to think that its adoptinm The Chairman was supported by the Rtments, which this Association sannot en- flagrantly violated by several Powers, who was a mistike, and that Republican in- Hon, Sir Laming Worthington-Evans, BC dorse, was that taxation is so light in have openly connived at the import of stitutions are not suited to China-an PC, G.BE, MP (who had that evening Chins that foreigners have been known arms, both by the Central Government opinion with which many will agrees at Peking and by the provincial author (Laughter.) Republican Chins cannot joined the new Cabinet as Minister for to become naturalised Chinese in order ities The foreign tress in China: has complain now. that she has promulgated Constitution and made it the basis of TAKE A PEG War), and the Marquess of Sligo, Others to escape the tax-gathers of their native denounced these transactions as

present at his table were the Rt. Hon. the land. (Laughter.) It is a pity to destroy suicidual betrayal of foreign interests her political development if other nations Earl of Onslow, 0.B.E Sir James such pleasing illusions, but only the other and I am very glad to see that publicity make the successful working of the ex- Stewart Lockhart KC. G., Sir Frank day I receive a letter from a Consul at is being given to them by The Times and perimenta, condition of their consenting Swettenham, G.C.MG Lieut-General one of the Treaty ports, in which he men other organs at home. But surely the to any modification of their Treaty status. JOHN BEGG EG.M.G., Lieut-General Sir Travers 30 miles from his post British goods were mitted to the

George Macdonogh. C.B., tioned that within a radius of less than question is one that ought to be sub. Whether reunification is effected by force or by peaceful means, is China's own con- League of Nations. The Clarke, KC.B, KOM Rt Rev. subjected to 47 different kinds of taxation. Powers which are sounding a general call cern, but for us the only sound course is that repeatedly affirmed by the British Bishop of Victoria, Hongkong, Major (Laughter.)

to disarmament at Geneva might profits Chambers of Commerce in China. It is Kenneth Anderson, A.C., Capt. R. G.

ably be invited to take up this concrete that the elective control of the Pro H. Henderson, B.N. C.R., Mr. F. Ander-

instance of the West arming the East sou, Mr. Harold Williama. Sir Edward

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for civil war, and give some proof of the vinces by the Clovernment is an essential. C.M.G., Mr. David Landale, Mr A. J.

extraterritoriality and other Treaty Barry, Sir William H. Clark, K.C.S.L, and chaos in China; this year it is civil which may some day prove fatal to their ministrative or fiscal. In the meantime, C.B., Sir Montagu C. Turner, Mr. Frank war, and a civil war undertaken under Cwn nationals in China (Hoar, Hear rights seem to be as highly prized by the

and applause.);

Chinesons by the foreigners. The Pro- Collinson, Rt. Rev. Bishop of North moat heartless conditions. According to China, Sir E. Denison Ross, C.LE, Mr. the late Chinese Prime Minister, some 30 Let us hope that the present struggle sidents of the Republic, on vacating their HR. Boyd, CV.0 C.B.E, Dr. Douglas million people have been rendered home may prove more decisive than those high, office, invariably retire and settin Gray, Mr. W. F. Collins, Dr. R. P. Scott, less and destitute by devastating floods, which have preceded it and that we down in Tientsin (Laughter) Fisch

present were

tuchung have chosen to plunge the country some form of ordered government The turn of active service enda, find a secure Messrs. F. J. Abbott, Geo. S. Amyard, into the horrors of a civil war. Their problem will then be, as it is in Europe retreat in Shangai; thousands of Chinesa AG Angier, W. A. Argent, Fred Lobject was to unify China by force, and to-day one of reconstruction and one of flock there on the first sign of trouble,

it apparently met with a large measure equal magnitude. For good or for evil, and all the wealth of Canton seems to be- Baker, T. S. Baker, K. Wolfe Barry of foreign approval, in the hope that the China has discarded her ancient political deposited in the tiny foreign D. GM Bernard, Oscar Berry, Donald end would justify the means. But even structure and substituted for it one of Shamcen Beith Dr F. Blackwell, HH. Bond, unification by force would have had little founded on western lacs. The old one, it Howra, Byron Brenan, C.M.G., Thomas by constructive measures, of which there tottering. It has been my unpleasant The year 1994 marks a momentua: Brown, J. S. Bruce, Alfred Bryer, FH has been a singular absonce in China experience to witness at close quarters change in the relations between Bussia Bugbird, W. B. Burton Baldry, WB during recent years. The struggle round the fall of two ancient dynasties in the and China For some 300 years the Em Buyers, Robert Cars, E. J. Carroll, W. Shanghai resulted in the expulsion from East-one in China and one in Korea pires of Bussin and China, with tho Carter, EL Cockell, J. D. C. Couper, Chekiang of one of the very few Gover. In each case one saw how frail the longest and most loosely demarcated 3. Crockatt, Alex Cumming, "Major R. B. Denny O. Dodwell, In Gordon or in the country ato had attained a foundations were on which they had common frontier in the world, kept up a Dodwell, Stanley H. Dodwell, Colonel Sputation both amongst his own country rested. In Chian the Imperial decree desultory intercourse, varied by occa

mea and foreigners. for good administra was the sole binding force which kept sional disputes over territorial encroache CG. Du Cane, O.BE, Lea. Dudeney: tion, and it remakers to be seen whether the country together, and even that lost ments on the part of the former Russian GLA. Dudency, M. E Dufett, Major this important province will benoit by the its virtue with the death of the old induence reached its zenith in the closing RW Eaton, Dr. Oscar Faber OR change. The movement was then directed Empress Dowager. And now a new bond sears of the last century, and met its PFawcett. Fisher, HH Fax C.M.G., Captain F. JB. Gardner, against Manchuria, where Chang Tao-lin's has to be forged which will bring all that first check in the opening years of the pre- Gardaer, Dr. Lionel Giles, D.Litt., Jaines administration had gained for him the vast country under some form of poli sent one when Japan wrested from her Graham, A. E. Grifin, F. Grove, H. C. Approval of foreign residents Manchuria tical unity, for military unification is not the supremacy of North-Eastern Asin Galland, A E. Hallam, Roderick C. Har. Was a different proposition from Shang, likely to be durable, Finance, communl The collapse of the Tsarist regime ad- hai. It has been a regular battleground cations, disarmament, and many other ministered the final blow to Russian ley, W. F. Harley, Colonel B. K. Harvey, in recent years. Two great wars had been urgent problems await solution. As re ambitions, and Korea, Manchuria,” and CH. P. Hay, Captain H. von Heidea- stam, A. Hide, Robert H. Hill, E. E fought on its soil, and it was now threat gards finance, a Commission has been North China are to-day all strewn with Hill, A. Hallom, E. J. Houle, E. Howard, ened with a third. But n war in Man sitting for a year at Peking trying to the wreck of grandiose schemes hatched G. H. Howard, Sominers Hunter, WF churia could hardly have been an exclz evolve some order out of chavs, but has by Russias expansionista. History, Can Inglis, Dr. J. W. Jackson, H. D. C. Jones, sively Chinese concern. Great foreign not achieved any practical results. The offer few greater or more dramatic con W. Lindley Jones, H H. Joseph, J. E

interests have grown up there during the task in an impossible one under present trusts than that which is presented by the

dominating position which Russia oc Joseph, W. B. Kennett, Lieut. Colonel M. last 25 years as the result of development conditions,

cupied in the East, some 25 years ago, F. Kittoe, L N. Leefe, A 0. Lang, Rin which China has taken little part

and the humiliating conditions to, which de B. Layard, CG, Captain CB. Thousands of miles of railway,"great min-

she has been reduced under the Bolshe Liddell, Captain C. Oswald. Liddell C. enterprises, and other large under Mackintosh, LL.D., John H. Lacoun, H. takings necessitating the presence of per The Provinces have long since ceased vist regime. (Hear, hear.) The Treaty A. J. Matray, Dr. Oswald Marriott, C. W haps 200,000 foreigners are the measure of to send any contribution to Peking and gred on May 31st Test, 15, a complete Mas, Commander R. C. Mayne, R. W the extent to which foreign enterprise has are likely to maintain that attitude, until surrender of all the Treaty rights and R. McCallum, Cameron McGregor, J. R. penetrated into this immense region and the whole fiscal relations between them privileges acquired in the course of thres Michael, Sidney Michael, 8. H. Michael, converted it from a derelist land to a and Peking are readjusted. They have centuries, and places Russia in every rea George Miller,

C. Selby Moore, T. D. great grain-producing centre for the mar some justification for their attitude. Up pect on a footing of equality with China Moorhead, W. A. Morling, H. S. Moss,kets of the world. Dalay, under Japanese Fill the Japanese war in 1804 they re The only fy in the ointment is that the GC Moxon, B. D. Murray, Joseph Nis years; attained a foremost place among revenue, now they get none, and they see negotiated between this content efficiency, has, in the course of a few ecived six-tenths of the foreign Customs Russian Treaty with China, like the ana tim, E. W. Noel, W. Adams Ora, H. A the Treaty ports of China, and presents a the sarplus of the Customs revenue which Russia is little more than . Agreement Almer C. Pearson, C.BEG. John Hiking contrast to the only others remains after paying the foreign oblign on General Principles" it is oficially to make an Agreement-an. Agreement Perry, S. W. P. Ferry, H. K. Peters, has had to struggle against-Beglest during the exclusive benefit of Peking. These styled and it remains to be, sean how far

Admirdi. E Brett GE, C. A Voractical effect unless it were accompanied must be admitted, had grown very TREATIES WITH

Ottewill, R. E. N. Padfield H. Parbury,

churian Treaty Port Newchwang--which

&

PEKING THE PROVINCES AND RAILWAYS.

tions used to raise domestic loans for

Government R

Petrie, Walter G. Pratt, J. Lumaden Rae, RC Raine, E. M. Raymond, Duncan Jita whole existence. The Manchurian Reid, M.A., F. O. Reynolds, N. S. Beyn situation is one of extreme delicacy beans were placed by a Presidential man the practice will be made to accord with date of 1921. in charge of the Inspecter the principles. (Laughter.) Already there tiens A. S. Richardson, G. A. Richard en China Japan and Russia and an General of Castama, who thus became is a rift in the lute. The Russians have

invasion of Manchuria might have revived son, D. C. Butherford, Captain PW international questions, which the Wash responsible for their service. The Pro- made a separate arrangement with Cha Rutherford, M.C., F. G. Sale, Salingerington Conference wisely declined to dis: vinces contend that this use of the Caso Lin for the working of the Chinese Alfred Balinger, C. P. Sandborg,

cass. This hazardous enterprise, seems to toms inspectorate constitutes an innova Eastern Railway, and the enthusisen with Scott, E.: Shahmoon, H. G. Simms, EA have been checked for the moment, and ition which enables Peking to obtain, fonds which the Agreement was hailed has been Stitt, L W. Smith," F. Y. Smith, Rden in triumph has been rudely upset by own credit, and the latest transaction of Dition of the arch enemy of the Peking Melville-Smith, Richard F Super Frank Feng Yu-bsiang's coup. It is too early to the kind was undertaken in the interests Souter, R Sutherland, Henry Synons, say what effect this strake may have of & Government which ceased to exist. Many young Chinese who owe their George Thornton, A. M Townsend, J Feng is, a Chinese lady quaintly told a few days later. The foreign holder of education to America, and until recently now transferred their affections to Bol- ney. E. White, Major J. M. Whittall, was the other day, an Old Testament recognised Chinese bonds is not yet were proud to acknowledge the debt, have type of Christian.(Laughter.) It has affected by this system of finance, bet a H.. Wickham, SA. Williamson, Captain been known for a long time past my-day may come when he will be. China thevist Russia and listen complacently H. M. Willy, B.NL, and HC. Wilcox, self have documentary evidence of the fact has had difficulty recently in meeting the pours out the viale, of his wrath upon to the Rasaian Ambassador while he Secretary.

that Feng was never a whole hearted service of her railway loans, and that the iniquities practised by Imperialisticy supporter of Wa Peifu's plan of unifica difficulty may conceivably end in defaulteries and other Treaty Powers Thi tion by force LEAR

In that case, the bondholders will is a disquicting feature in the Far East magine, insist that the railway loans era situation, and it would be folly to whit Aro A direct obligation of the| Chinese Government;

Yenn, W. A Ward-Jones, Charles Wat

The usual loyal tousts having been honoured, that of

"PROSPERITY TO THE CHINA

ASSOCIATION "SA

STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENT IDEAS

under

· finance

A preced spare the determined effort which im ence of all domestic loans, and shall, il being made by M. Karakhan and u Beo

anmet

on of the younger Chinese to undermines necessar

of the Customs

the Treaty rights of Great Britain, and neglu. A. Presidential, mandate of 1921

other Powers. There appears, to, barn anot "supersede an

been some misconception as to the proper gation

methods of counteracting thus infuence. It was suggested that the other Powern should appoint Ambassadors to Peking so se ta farestall the possibility" of the Russian representative becoming the Railways are perhaps the most is Doyen of the Diplomatic body That couraging feature of the situation would have been paying an undeserved speak as one who was an enthusiastic and quite necessary comphment to Dus- advocate of their construction, and whe sian methods There shoulit be no danger

acted years.

serve Bat Pek Im unsound from top to be Hort to bolster it up can (Hear, hest.)

with

was proposed from the chair Bir Jom WW, violent advocate. JORDAN stating It has been the custom Central Government, and of the President at these annual dinners | to any measure of to review the events of the your in Chinn All China was to be united and I am sure you will all agree with me into one solid, whole by sheer thai on this occasion it is not altogether for this he and bia supporters, an enviable task. Last year I made upon the civil war. Personally, attempt which was apparently regarded been inclined from the outset in some quarters sa unduly pessimistic. | the view of the large body of But it is very dificult to indulge in op- opinion which considers the idea imprno, timism when speaking to mes who have ticable, and that unity esp only be at an intimate knowledge of the facts as tained in the last resort hy angmange gathered · ka the school of actual expen, ment which will give the providees a very ence. We cannot, for instance, accept large aligre in the government of the built high hopss upon the great benefit of anything of the kind The Plomazic without reservation the picture of Chins country China is much too large, and they would confer on China. These hopes body in Peking "snt always has bee which Mr. Lloyd George drew for us in the problems of its widely extended were for some time fully "justified, but the jealous & recent newspaper article. He there told dommions are far too complex and

they have recently been largely disap which Rama no longer possesses and the us that Chitra, had during thousands of to admit of rigid control by any central: Cointed. The lines are no longer national enjoyment authority A loose foderation, of the pro- concerns, but have became the preserves Karakhan vinets under, a National Government is of provinetak tuchuna♬ who play probably the must that can be ected with the revende One Whatever may be said of fier methods, there is no reason to doubt

years ascended to an altitude of civilian tion which despised trial by butchery, and that the Chinese were now making a rapid descent from those heights of philoso phical serenity and becoming the victims

of the skilled barbarism of other lande incerity of his motive. He mished to

erre: the

We all know that: this statement is at put an end to an intenute civil war, and Neither gross mismanag best only a half-truth, and as such cal- has taken grant - riska Ha”, may not: ruption woul culated to convey an erroneous ímprei entered, in face of the forcen- arrayed - paring hand sion We recall that during those thou against him and the new sands of years Chins has had an endless that are certain to arise, but succession of drasties, and that nearly may not be without na mfluence on the to China,

comes from the blessing the

can have po

Diplomati hem as doy,

of the Treaty rights

which by others

to destroy Such a ma

erations of

much less direct the body has grostly: know it if it admits.. The Busan Treaty Great Britain, States and other

ss the poles, and on which