1924-09-15 — Page 2

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Mr. G. K. Chesterton on August 1st The regular work of the City of London delivered the luncheon address in connec-Vacation Course in Education began sa |tion with the City of London Vacation the King's Hall suite of the Holborn Course in Education; his audience can- Resturant on July 20th with a series of sisting of the 500 teachers who are attend nine lectures, each of one hour's durn- ing this fortnight's course, and who had tion. To those who have long since pass- assembled at the Imperial Hotel, »Mr. | ed through the mental turmoil of the class Edward Evans presided, and in a fuer room, it would have come as an agreeabile tious introduction he declared that Mr. surprise to note the methods employed Chesterton had confessed that most of his, and enjoined by the lecturers who have admirers were lunatics--(laughter)-und been accured to instruct teachers how to that from an early age he had neglected} instruct. - Modern methods aim at retain- all forms of work to the best of his ing the interest of the pupils throughout Jability. (Laughter.)

the lesson, and it has been found that too Mr. Chesterton said they all had their strict an adherence to the text-book, no- little notions about education, and espérelieved by any of the lighter touches and cially 90 was this the case with those without any extraneous aids to know- who, like himself, had been brought up ledge, is not conducive to that end. The the golden age and not been educated modern teacher, it would seem, must be at all. (Laughter.) Speaking, therefore, supplied with a wealth of illustration and not as a practical educator, but as one fund of historical anecdotes if he or she of the crowd. he felt he could refer to is to make a mark in the profession, and what seemed to be most in danger in the very thorough, very conscientious, and, in the main very sensible educational efforts themselves.

it is in that direction that those attend, ipg the course were invited to apply

in operation to-day. Education in recens, Now ideas in the teaching of his sears had paid a great deal more atten-itary were introduced to FL class Bion to the cultivation of the artistic in which met to listen to Mr. W. stinct in children, a contrast to the sou Hughes Jones, who has taken honours dition which existed in his own childhood, in the School of Modern History at when children had the same desire to Oxford. A point on which he insisted play with chalks, paints, and paint was that history dealt with the present. brushes, though that part of their men and that in presenting history to children tality used never to be recognised. What they must not teach them to look upon he thought was most wanting in our edu- it as something dealing with the past cation and what was seen to be most dr. only. It was necessary, he said, to learn beient in our newspapers and in general the past in order to understand the pre- conversation. was not that of teaching sent. Above all, the past was the key people how to draw, or to paint, or to to the proper understanding of the news- play the piano or organ or bagpipes paper. Mr. Jones regards the modern (Laughter.) It was that they were not newspaper as one of the greatest aids to taught how to think. If it was thought historical knowledge that we have, and inconvenient or "difficult to teach people in that connection asked whether teachers religion-though personally he thought were alive to the significance of the visit that religion was the foundation of recently paid by the American Bar Asso- philosophy, and philosophy the founda. Hation to this country and to the open- tion of culture he could see no reasoning by the King of the Liverpool Cathe why they should not be taught philoso- drah "Are you teaching these things ?” phy or, at any rate, logic. It avemed 10 he asked; "if not you are wasting the him that the modern world showed

history hour." startling disproportion and discord in re- gard to these things. The number of people who were foe musicians was very considerable. The number who really appreciated fine poetry, or who knew good art when they saw it, or who loved the sight of a great landscape, was also very large.

But the number who could take five steps in a rational argument and pursue it to the end was very small. "For some reason the mental faculty seemed to be in a state of confusion..

CONTEMPORARY HISTORY.

The question naturally followed. Where was such information to be obtained? Not in the history books only in the great bistory books of the day-the great newspapers of England.. There only would they find the great contemporary authorities on history and science express- ing themselves. To rely on history books. for such information would be to post- pone discussion for thirty or forty years. To illustrate his point, Mr. Joncs men- tioned the series of articles which are appearing in the Daily Telegraph written y Mr. Walter Bell, and dealing with article on Westminster Abbey and the London's historical associations. In the Palace of Westminster, the names of four English kings were mentioned-Edward the Confessor, William Rufus, Henry IIL,

and Richard II. The history books re-

garded them as "duda," and yet it was shown in that great bistorical pamphlet Westminster Hall and Abbey. It showed that those four Kings were responsible for, how rent was the difference between the history book and the newspaper, in which historical subjects were denit with from a fresh point of view. History, he de

If they read the daily papers or listen- ed to a political speech, the thing which struck them most was the breaking down of the reasoning faculty, the complete confusion of ideas, the contradiction the end of what was said at the begin ning, and the use of obvious fallacies which anybody who had read anything about logic could immediately see through. (Hear, hear) Everybody, de- clared the speaker, ought to be made familiar with the fraud commonly called statistics. (Laughter.) He also referred to what he called the trouide of unreason ed deduction. Some people made out that, if they laughed at a new religion called the Holy Jumpers, that did not matter, because people also laughed #clared, must deal with cabbages and the early days of Christianity. Some of them, again might urge that it would be m reform to cut off babies' noses so that they would not get cold in the head, and they would justify that by saying, "Well, look at the success of the Reforta Bill" (Laughter.) One found that kind of fallacy again and again. waste in the fields, provided winter food was a type of fallacy which all people for the cattle, gave better stock, pro should have seen through by the time they were twelve years of age. If we duced more manure, which, in turn, pro- could not have a religious and moral edu- red more corn, and, above all, it saved ention, then at least let us live an in- England from many of the diseases of the tellectual education to teach prop how Middle Ages, because it assured a plenti- to use their brains, so that they could supply of fresh meat. find the truth in religion, morals, and philosophy. (Cheers.) ·

kings, and they could rot teach it with- out either the cabbage or the king. Even the turnip was of considerable historical England it could be said that just as importance, and of seventeenth-century Cromwell saved the Parliament, so the turnip saved the people. It prevented

dency to regard England as a big place Mr. Jones thought there was a ten- in adittle world, whereas the truth was in acknowledging a vote of thanks Mr that it was a little England in a big Chesterton said that education was a world. Citing the Prince of Wales as an thing he did not profess to understand, example, the lecturer said that when his but as a journalist he bad a certain cur- Royal Highness was opening the British sory impression of the results of modern Empire Exhibition be referred to Eng education, and he thought that those reland as "the greatest agent of civilisa sults could be seen in his own unfortu- tion." and observed that the big thing nate profession. Id journalism they saw in that phrase was "civilisation

"1. and something which pointed to "a false not the agent." He asked his audience balance in our system of civilisation. to observe that when the Prince of Wales Sensationalism was a word which was made a speech there was always at least frequently and very foolishly used. We one illuminating remark on history in it, all liked sensationalism. It was no use I believe that if the speeches of the complaining that people read stories Prince of Wales for the last two or three about murder. After all. Hamlet" and years were collected," he added, "they "Macbeth" were stories of murder. It would provide an introduction to modern was no-use complaining when human politics, Empire questions, and Englis beings were interested in other human history, which would be of first-class in- beings at the crises of their existence. portance in our schools." But there was sensationalism in another Berise, and that was when one allowed. one's artistic, emotional, and sentimental sensations to run away from one entirely,

AN"

and when one lost the muscular power the Conservatives was their progressive. of the mind which ought to control them.ess, and the best thing about the Socia

lists their conservatism. (Laughter.) EXHILARATING SPECTACLE." Students of history should follow care- At the morning session, which was held fully in their newspapers the answers at the Holborn Restaurant, Mr. W. given during question time in the House Hughes Jones continued his lectures on only this week they had read that the of Commons, and the speaker said that the teaching of history. He urged that Socialist First Commissioner of Works, in diling with the events and develop with a fine instinct for the traditions of ments of each century. they should on-the, Hause, had declared that no load. courage in the children's minds the sense speakers or microphones could be install- of expectation of what was to follow, ed there, while immediately afterwards be and the students should be led to see declared that the restoration of Hadrian's that the record of the country's progress Well, although outside his, province, made one continuous story. Emphasis would be viewed with the greatest sym ing what he called the appreciation of pathy by his Department. (Laughter.) the living past, as distinct, from a past it was an exhilarating specircle, a that was regarded as dead, the speaker Socialist Minister rejecting loud speakers declared that every day supplied many because they were new and useful, and instances of the vitality of the paat in honouring a Roman wall because it was the present. They saw this idea even old and useless. (Laughter.) It showed in regard to the political circumstances how the minds of even the working-men of the day. What they saw was not so had been gripped by the vitality of the much the Bocialista moulding the present living past. It was the Socialist Primo as the past moulding the Socialists. Binister, moreover, who had been the (Laughter.) The party were wriggling in modern defender of the faith on the sub- the mighty grip of the past, and more ject of Court dress, for he had contended and more they were becoming the wise that there could be more egotism and servanta of the past, and in the same vanity in the faunting of a red tie than measure they were becoming wiser Ier in the obedient assumption of Court dress vants of the State. The best thing about on ceremonial occasions. (Laughter and

(Continued en nezi. Column.) « Hear, hear.")

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