1924-08-22 — Page 2

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HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, AUGUST 2.ND, 1924

CHILD AND MOTHER.

INFANT WELFARE CONGRESS.

THEIR MAJESTIES' HELP.

SETTLERS FOR NEW. ZEALAND.

MOST ESSENTIAL BRITISH MA

COMMUNITY.

There were 100 delegazes from twenty.

The departare from Great Britain for nine different countries in the British

July 10th, of 300 Empire and from the United States at New Zealand, on the third English-Speaking Conference British settlers lends additional interest on Infant Welfare, which opened on to the publication of the report of the July 1st under the auspices of the Oversea Settlement Delegation, Rate and National Association for the Prevention sentiment, says The Times, combine to of Infant Mortality and National Baby make the people of New Zealand the most Week Council, at the Caxton Hell, West essentially British community in the Empire, and the problem. of increasing minster.

Early in the day the Right Hon. John the scanty population of the Dominion, Wheatley, MP, Minister of Health, who and, at the same time, preserving the presided at the morning session, sent a characteristics of which it is justly so telegram of greeting in the name of the proud, is clearly one of vital import The report is n cautions document. conference to the King and Queen, who fance.

are the patrons of the two organisations, and, while it speaks enthisiastically of The following telegram from their Majesthe especial appeal to the British that is made by New Zealand, i was subsequently read to the meet-settler ing:

!

it. very rightly sets out the conditions

The Queen and I sincerely thank which make the moderate policy of the you and the delegates assembled at the present Government necessary and desir-1 Third English-Speaking Conference on ble: Nobody is likely to question the Infant Welfare for the friendly greet somewhat obvious trath enunciated in the ings to which your telegram gives ex report that there seems to be littla that New Zealand's poures of pression. We are deeply interested in doubt this question, and we will give you wealth and prosperity is fundamentally every encouragement and support in based upon her agricultural and pas industries the development of any measures that may be taken for the toral saving of infant life and for the im- which must consequently by her chief con- An article by Major General provement of the health of the children cern.." of the Empire. We trust that t Wauchope, himself a member of the dele! efforts of the members of this conference gation recently printed in The Times, nay be crowned with every success.-paid full tribute to the flourishing state

of the three main farming industries GEORGE R.I.

Dr. G. F. Still (chairman, National dairy, frozen mutton, and wool. General Association for the Prevention of Infant Wauchope pointed out that the value of Mortality and of the National League for farm products exported in 1983 was, Health Maternity, and Child Welfare), toughly speaking, twice that of the ex- in welcoming Mr. Wheatley, said that his ports in 1913. Last year New Zealand presence was evidence that the Govern-supplied this country with one-half of the total imports of frozen mutton and rent realised the importance of infant welfare and extended its sympathy to lamb, while in 1922 the value of the wool elin increased by two million pounds in voluntary effort.

The com-

Mr. Wheatley, in his presidential the twelve months and reached a total of address said it was not satisfactory to ten millions sterling. These are notable find that little or no reduction in mater figures for a population of fewer than nity morality had taken place during the one and a half million souls. but their increase in the future, by the aid of new last thirty or forty years. The first con- sideration of the conference should be the settlers from oversen, is a difficult and delicate problem. The best lands of the care of the other.

I don't know of any subject of public Dominion have long ago been sold, and interest lying in the jurisdiction of the where good land remains available ita Government which is of mere importance price is abnormally high. than the one for which we have met,muaity has committed itself to very heavy expenditure in the rapatriation Mr. Wheatley went on to say. It is Lint our duty to relieve the mother of her and settlement of its Service men; & functions and duties, but rather to train certain amount of unwise speculation has and help her to performs these functions made it necessary for many farmers to and duties satisfactorily. There could be proceed cautiously for a while in the

In addi nothing of as more evil character creep employment of fresh labour. inte our national politics than the ides, tion, New Zealand shares with the other common problems, that any public organisation could poss Dominions certain ibly take the place of the mother in a among them.being, the selection in this country of the individual who is, to use "civilised community,

We would ever have a satisfactory somewhat overworked phrase," the state of affairs in this country until we right type of settler": the task of keep-

had homes in which it was "safe foring him away from the cities when he children to be born. The steady rate of arrives in the Dominion; and the aus and prejudice of organized maternity mortality was causing the picion

Labour. wry gravest concern to observers of our

All these considerations make it neces social life, and was engaging of the mo ment the closest attention of the Minissary for Mr. Massy and his Government to limit their endeavour to the annual try of Health. Much of this mortality immigration of 10,000 men, women, and was preventible, and he appealed to the children from Great Britain. Compared conference to pool its experiences in with the ambitious schooner of sole. of national and international effort at pre- the Dominions this seems modest enough; vention. At present a large amount of but it must be remembered that Mr. suffering was associated with mother. hood, and it was their business to Massey and the Dominion of which he is

Prime Minister are resolutely determin make it a less hazardous matter. He ed to carry out the programme to which was appealing to the local authorities consider how they could improve condi- tions locally, and asking their on ration in the delineation of a national policy.

*

J

they have committed themselves. Fortu- nately there are clear indications that their efforts are meeting with success. According to a settlement issued by the High Commissioner's Office in addition As a result of the valuable campaign to the 300 who left on fuly 10th, 400 new that you are engaged in, Mr. Wheatley settlers will sail for New Zealand before continued, I hope in the near future to the end of the month, and every avail assist you in a rapid extension of and able berth in ships for the Dominion_is improvement in the midwifery services. booked until the end of August The tot only are there still many rural distotal number of assisted settlers for the tricts in which women are beyond the

Trach of the midwife and miles from the Erst year of the present scheme was 8,280, f doctor's residence, but I am surprised achievement infinitely smaller than is leaving a margin between promise and to learn that even in towns we still have usual in the story of oversea settlement. the untrained, handy women supposed

to practise competently what can only All this reflects great credit on the pre- Rent New Zealand Government and its be obtained from highly-skilled people representatives in Great Britain. With regard to maternity homes, my Ministry is now aiding 135, and I wank the beds to be accessible to all who need them. Poverty should not be a barrier to women having access to these homes.

LIFE-PRESERVING EXPENDITURE.

that a woman at the supreme beur of her existence was a source of defilment to others, he said, determined the whole entourage. Usually birth took place in I am very gratified to find that in a'small dark room, almost devoid of all. fantile mortality bas shown a fall of means of entrance for light and air. The per cent. in a generation. Infant deaths low narrow door was covered with mat- in this country reached 350 per 1,000 in |ting and sacking. The window, if there 1900, and in 1923 they have been reduced was one at all, was darkened with to 60 to 1,000. (Cheers) Nevertheless, wooden shutters, and any chinks were we still have our black spots, particularly closed up with paper or rags. After tho in the industrial areas, and more parti-birth of her child the young mother- cularly in the poor quarters in those often only 12 or less-lay unwashed in areas, where the infant death-rate still an atmosphere of incredible foulacas, runs well into three figures..

undergoing a dietetic régime of the ut- The woman who requires help most of most severity. Milk and every kind of all is the woman who boasts that the nourishing food was forbidden for the doesn't want any help or information, first week; water was given sparingly, reeing that she has already buried nine but bitter drugs and codinents freely. children. We who are labelled revolu Generally speaking the gruel of old Sarah tionaries are all very conservative in our Camp found its counterpart in rice and methods and eling tenaciously to the pepper water. traditions we have inherited," and

you Mr. Neville Chamberlain, M.P., who

I must show patience with these women presided ̋nt the afternoon's session, said who look with suspicion on new-fangled it was satisfactory at they could point notions. There are no 2.000 welfare to a very marked and dednite improve- centres in the country, and in time I ment in the reduction of infant mortality hope that there will be one in reach of is, this country, largely aathe result of every woman in the country. The growth the attention focussed on this subject of civilisation is going to be regulated during the last decade or so. The pro by the rate at which, the armies of der blein of the illegitimate child and its truction are reduced and the armies of finother was a wider one than that of petervation increased. I do not want infint welfare, for statisties showed that'| to criticise my predecessors, hul. I feel mortality among these children was more that the nation which spends hundreds then twice as great as among legitimate of millions of pounds on drink and children. These figures indicated more millions of pounds on maintaining than the mere mortality among these armies can afford to spend more than in children. They also indicated a "dam- the past on the preservation of its young age rate" affecting a far larger number. I only hope that economy has not damp The proportion of illegitimate children ed your enthusiasm or stilled in your who grew up impaired in their mental minds the ideas of development associat- faculties and physical health 'was greater ed with this work. It is very false econo- than with children born in wedlock, and my which, in order to keep a few pounds it was most necessary to remove the or abillings more in the taxpayers' pocket causes which brought about this differ starves facilities for bringing healthy in-ence. By the laws of the land the illegi fants into the world: "

Limate child was still nobody's child." Colonel R. J. Blackman, who spoke on It got little or no maitanes from the Education in Relation to Maternity failer, and it was satisfactory that after and Child Welfare." dealt with cond many attempts in the past the Tegiti- tiona of chillbirth in India. The notion mary Bill had now been passed in: the

(Continued an next column.)

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