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CONDITIONS IN SZECHUEN.
A YEAR OF MISERY. MILITARIST BLIGHT ON A PROS PEROT'S PROVINCE,
CRENITV, December 31st,
IN CHINA.
SHANGHAI.
two accomplices Liu Th Chiu and Lai RECENT BANDIT OUTRAGES NEW AMERICAN CLUB FOR Hsing Hwei were all in the city at tha time, but none of them was captured or punished. The East Gate and road were it clear so that they"night all escape without hurt. For over five hours the
and burdened coolies as
one
could
THE STORY OF TSAQ YANG
A CHINESE COOK'S ACCOUNT OF. EVENTS.
Mr.
SPEECH BY US MINISTER,
The corner-stone of the new American Club building at Shanghai was laid last "eek in the presence of a large gathering of members, the general committee sad representatives of the Consular Body and Municipal Council. Dr. Jacob G. Schurman, the U.S. Minister, was the official guest and carried out the appro- After speaking of the pleasure it gave priate ceremonies. him to be present on such a memorable occasion, Dr. Schurman said it was to American community in Shanghai. When him symoolic of the development of the he first came to China 25 years ago in 1809 (on Washington's birthday) the indeed, but now the local population of number of his fellow citizens was smail
round 3,600. Americans numbered splendid ipcresse,
21
The spirit
The following account of the shooting of It is not likely that very much of the city vomised forth such a horde of armed truth of the history of Szechuan for the scarcely imagine the city capable of con Mr. and Mrs. Hoff at Taoyang was given When the to Mr. Elliot A. Aandahi, a member of year 19 will ever be told, for it containing all at one time. tains a great deal that is crooked and Northerners met in conference to discuss the same mission, ataoned at Tungpch the filling of vacant positions and tha foul. Under monarchical power the Sze settling of bills for services rendered by by Wang who was cook to the Hoffs and chuanese have for many centuries covet-all and sundry, lack of funds, suspicion, was carried off by the bandits and when ed, and in their many secret societies jealousy, avarice and ambition made near Tungpeb contrived to escape.
geement impossible for more than a have agitated for, Liberty. They have month, during which time the genius and Aandahl says "It is a literal translation now attained this supposed boon and all riches of Hsiong Keh Wu had weared of his story and is just as he told me." rank, but mere mpecially the common help from Yunuan and purchased the It runs as follows:-
On Wednesday evening, December people, withon't the Truth that makes loyalty of some adherents of the North. men free, are ånding their liberty in In May Hsiong moved from Suining to
a place 100 from Taoyang (South some cases to be an illusion and the North-west and descended on Chengtu 20th, we heard that the bandits were at traits of it, in others, more bitter than in force and found the Northerner west), Mr. Hoff sent his man to the The Magis wormwood. Szechuan has often been livided and unprepared and captured
trate replied that the report was "This growth has been paralleled in said, and truthfully said, to be the fair their entire supply of ammunition and Magistrate to find out.
Do danger. Tientsin, Peking. Hankow and the other est and wealthiest prince of China; capelled them to flee in several direc
Thus all at the mission compound went cities of Chins he continued. "There but Southern Chih in the winter of tions. Since his return be has lived at false and that there was
arnal personally superintending | 1900, that is, nt the worst time of the her late famine, was not more barren and the production of munitions hy day and to bed. After midnight I awoke hearing are now 1,900 Americans resident in the It was then 1.30 am, bles nor can be compared to Shangbai as impoverished than are sothe parts of night. Steadily he has compelled the shots. I went to Mr. Hoff and reported Capital and that city in no way resem- As this growth in business centre. Szechuan that have this year, been oe Northerners to retire until on October and they got up.
Thursday morning, December 7th. The cupied or over-run by hordes of armed 13th he succeeded in ousting Yang bandits had then entered the west gate symbolic of that growth it may also be rabble contending for supremacy over from Chungking, apparently supposing one another. Although not so acknow then that the war was won. Yang Sen and kept on for an hour or more at that taken in a similar manner for all China. ledged and represented on any map the retired to and held Wanhsien in Eastern part of the city. At about 3 am, 5 er. It is here that American friendships I was then at the good fellowship will be fostered and province of Szechuan is in fact divided Szechuan where he received strong bandits entered the mission compound are made, here it is where the spirit of fresh supplies of by the main entrance. into a number of what are practically inforcements and
school boy where the foreigners were. community here in China, developed petty states under independent masters ammunition from Wa Pei Fu and in front and 1 heard one of thera ask a promoted. I look forward to oie great who sometimes become strong enough to November be began again the long The boy said he did not know and the through such intercourse.
Chang
by com- crushing defeat for a considerah period of time. The shou he administered strongest usually succeed in acquiring on the Southern allies about the begin this I sought refuge in a room with merce and arthenon, with the Legation to the station a soldier "We Americans in China. in Tientsin, control over the most fertile regions or ning of December and forced a disorderly others. (Before this and before the as the centre of all the large ports, always and necessarily retreat of the whole united Southern bandits came including the local exchequer. When one force, following them up and reoccupying from a hole in the wall of the compound Harbiu, Yunnan and all other parts is considered to be too ambitious others Chungking on December 14th. The end called in and asked if there were for must develop a common policy, a com.. combine against him, when everyone of the year finds the North agaia neem eigners there. He came in and talked munity of interests throughout the conn- destraunt of a change becomes interested ant and with better prospects for success. with Mr. Hoff and wanted them to come try. When I want to see all Americans in the quarrel in hope of wining a more. But if the North succeeds this time in into their camp, which was cose by, and working together and helping to for were matinous soldiers and refused to unified policy transmitted to Peking. perative position when the time for reconquering Szechuan it is doubtful if and shelter there. Mr. Hoff thought they mulate one wise policy, to maintain a That is what I want.. I will pledge the shuffing and adjustment comes. "Several they will be able to maintain their poser
Legation and the Government at Wash- of the shrewder rulers have been strong in so hostile and independent a province go).
ington, as far I can, to look after you At about daylight after I had heard and assist you in this united programme enough to maintain their neutrality in for very long. the present hostilities, so that there are
that the 5 or 6 bandits had proceeded to We are one family united, sailing in one overal islands of comparatively peaceful
the foreign house and had wounded Mr. hat, and we must go ahead. territory among the far greater regions
and Mrs. Hoff and led Mrs. Kilen uptive
Turning to the actual block he that are either completely under the
I went to the rear and found Mr. and ed his pleasure and said, Stone of the control of banditti, or ravaged" in the
afra. Hoff lying on a bed in a rooza American Club I now pronounce well and swaying progress of the war.
likely to be shot sought shelter. Mrnen) Thie trowel I shall cherish and adjoining the compound where the most truly laid, and (smiling to the movie Hoff had been shot through the lang hand to my children."" (right or left I can not say). He was suffering intensely and they were giving
While Father Soeman went to attand him water with a spoon, and all he could say was: More" (more water). Mr. Hoff had been shot through the right to the wants of the Chinese, Father shoulder but could speak. She asked me Leemans stepped into his bedroom, while to bring some bread and a little inter there, he heard shots and rushed to the In the meantime the main door where he found that Scenes had been shot, brigands fired several solleys down the street to intimidate any Chinese Chris tians who might come to the aid of the priests.
portance. There is, a Northern Party has chaccording
THE INJURIES....
express
EVILS OF THE CIVIL WARS. It is a
curious fact that ng leader among all the quarrelling militarists ever gets killed or even caught; but the suffering brought upon the common people is fa greater than one can measure or describe. Besides the territorial and military The ordinary taxes have been collected for divisions suggested above there are in veral years ahead and in some cases have Szechuan, as in other parts of Chins, been paid several times for the same
as the "Government several Parties that are of political im
FORTHY
Various pretexts have been whose patron head is Liu Tsen Bou, devised for levying special war taxes, whose leading military commander such as, for instance, two months' house or Teng Hai Hou. There is an Independent shop eat assesment per head on domes Party headed by Hsiong Keb Wu who tic animels, and, again, on the estimated principal commander is Tan You Hain, worth of each business concets from and fighting with him is the Generalis largest banking and trading institution some medicine which I could not find simo Li Hsing Hwei commanding the down to the poorest cost monger by the Then the bandits laid hold on me and I ompelled to find brud to follow them and serve them pre Third Army for the non-party Governor street wall who has been
dollar, etc. All surplus stocks of paring food for them; so I did not after Liu Th Chiu, Allied with Hisiong Keb Waier and other feed-stuffs have been requisi-wards see the Hofs.
rice A Young, People's or Students Party
paid for at
Father Leemans carried his wounded has had as its patron head General tioued and paid for, when
with paper money that has deprecia Yang Tai Hwei, poputerly known as Yang fed more than fifty per cent, and which I was with the bandits that day confrere into a doorway, and gave him. Sen; a rather more progressive and becomes entirely worthies wherever and (Thursday) and, as the mission com- first aid. From the shadowed recess, ardens reformer than were his military as soon as pisos changes bande during pound was guarded by some soldiers powerless, he watched the brigands
bandit, did not
enter, pillage the church and the residence. The agnin colleagues. He was in conince inchiding wealthy section of the the largest salt wells, and so drew the ion of
Later the main. force of the bandita) un hour, ·, jealousy and envy of neighbouring mili- tarists of both Northern and Independent Parties who joined in conspiracy in 1928 to drive him from the province. In that most unrighteous of civil wars were sown the seeds of the local factional war that began in January last and which in a short time provided occasion for renewal of hostilities hetween the North as re- presented by Wu Pei Fu and the South as represented by Sun Yat Sen Each of the provinces of Yunnan and Eweichow has an army of approximately ten thou- Szechuan (Independent) Party. On the right into the West and Northern side are the Szechuanese
KEES MRS. KILEN.
the conflict. A great part of the populre the
province | the inicion compound that day. handits were in the church and house for
In this
in extreme poverty
When the armies cash at the will and pleasures of their masters there are always large number cane. The soldiers fled and the mission Father Soenan was mortally wounded, Dorhouse was looted though I have little having been shot in the stomach, the on the defeated side who use the oppor knowledgs of this. After midnight Fri forehead and the chest. Faiber Leemans unity afforded by the confusion to regain day morning I was taken out of the city administered extreme unction, the last their freedom while they have the means at the North Gate and we departed to rites of the Catholic Church, and cared of obtaining an easy Evelihood, way tens of thousands of rifles have found wards Tungpeh, but the main force did for him throughout the sight. Father their way into the hands of the lawings not leave till later. The first night Soenen passed away on December 26th at throughout the province while robber (Friday) we stopped at a town called 15 m. and was buried the following It was learned afterwards that in hands have grown into mail armies that Songhu-dien. On Saturday morning day, in some parts have undisputed control of early we proceded north over the addition to the four who gained entrance everal hsiens in a single group, and have maintains and that morning while halting
at a small town I saw Mrs. Kilen riding to the priests' residence by telling the an everal occasions daring the atm
on a horse, but I was not allowed to Chinese "boy" that they sought medical al uniformed, speak to her. Saturday night we stayed aid, there were 30 or 40 disbanded 'old-
marched in somthing like onderly
and troops allied with the forces of the with officers and buglers.eburbs of in the mountain pass where we restediers or "ki ping," who formed them--
Sunday morning early before selves into an improvised unit for the to carry away raid, Hupen troops applied by Wa P F their gains, and have foarched away daylight we came down into the valley
followers of Yang Sep. and Honan and; the couscript their demands for silver a while.
munition and money.
Pei Fu,
to
AL
TAPY
As territory is again without having the trouble of loot Pingbih 30 li from Tungpeh. We came THE “YIYANG MARU" CAFITVES. same as is to Tungpeb daylight yesterday: gained heavy taxes are imposed and inquestly done by the bandit-trops on Sunday, bhaile the shooting was goiDE JAPANESE TO NEGOTIATE -DIRECT,
authority
on and rested a while about a mile from special levies are raised for local self-e under so-calle
in town.
We proceeded before dinner As the Szechuan army that was receolly Mpport. their supplies mostly from the provincial, most parts of the provinces
By night we driven out of Chungking still holds the er cannot travel far without arsenal in the hands of Hsiong K'eh Wu
military reached a town called Chu-shan-tien 30 two Japanese officers of the Yigang at the capital Chengtu..
scort, and wire so much of the province South-east from Tungpeh. Last night Maru and still asks a million dollars for TAUBE AND PROGRESS OF THE WAN
The Southern Allies draw similar to this are enacted callouth-east about 18
is
In 1922 combined force of the serverned the escort frequently is in a miraculous way I effected my escapa their release the Japanese Consul
of brigand representatives, and care here to Tungpeh this morning General at Chungking recently decided several months after the wante mur. Northern and Independent Parties under der of Messrs. Watt and Whiteside of the (Monday, December 31st). Teng Esi Hon and Lai Hsing Hwei over CM. 8. on August 14th near Mien chub
to seek help from Wa Pei Fu. On
TO GET MORE FOREIGNERS,
to enter into direct negotiations with the kidnappers. He left Chungking on the 3ril instant and proceeded up the river
threw Yang Sen who fled to. Loyang it was impasible to secure military escort To the best of my knowledge the to Luchow, where he expects to get into October 12th following a military confert all for British national bearing bandits are those under Lao Yang Yen. touch with agents of the Szechuanere lence was convened at Chengtu for that Chengte, and for some time toy. His following must be 20,000 men, includ-{ forces.
tnxes
During the year
Were
forbidden to leave the capital,
Being again pressed by the Japanese purpose of redistributing positions and
it has been quite in ing prisoners, carriers, etc. The bandits reliable cuties for entrying themselves must be over 10,160. strong. Legation to take action for the release of privileges. The Northern Party were
! pomilile is
But these officers, the Waichiaopu is eendiog able to secure only one of "first class our books into the country, and this has and of these 7 pr8,000 carry guns. importance, namely, the treaty port of caused so little inconvenience to both our their ammunition is very scarce, some another official to Szechuan. The first For tras having only a few cartridges while others official returned, unable to accomplish Chungking. The bulk of the wealth of elves and some impediments many and a little more. While I was in their anything.
porting officers nod the province fell ander the control of the already prosperous Independent thousands of coolies have had to be im hands they said in my presence they
BANDIT SUPPRESSION D
SHANTUNG: Party. A secondary position at Jung pressed. The pay is absurdly small, and were going to Tungpeh, to get more for- chwan on the principal path, or Big in some cases to the writer's knowledge it
foreigners and how many, and who they Road to Chengtu fell to a rising has beea nit. They are roughly, and freeigners, and they asked, ms if there were
even most brutally, handled, so
PROGRESS SINCE LAST AUGUST," General, Ch'en Kwei Tong of the quently Northern Party who proceeded to lery that this form of forced service is dreaded. They also asked others the same Tungpeh would be easy for them to
PzIxo; January 8th. on goods destined for the so- by all. Many of the impressed coolies questions. I also heard them say that
Sixty five bandits, numberless dead called Government at Chengtu as on all have never been able to return to their take
Sgd.) WANG BEN 1. other goods. This was resented by the homes, not a few of them having died of Blany labourers
Chinese cook in the employ of ones and several tundreds guns of assorted sizes, was, the haul made by the Governor Thu Chen Shun (who is known exposure and ill-uage,
Mr. and Mrs. Hoff.
Shantung suppression troops in the light, Ioenlly as Liu Ih Chiu), and Major Lan have left. their homes and bavit, migrated parte Still others in
waged against the bandits since last Si Lin was despatched with a brigade to to more peaceful eject Gen Chien from office, On arrival the way of least, resistance, have east their
Tuli Cheng Shik Chi in a report to the they found Gen. Chen prepared to resist lot in with the numerous robber bands. HOW
August. These figures were given by money amounting to several million with force, with General Teng Hai Hours has been forced
the small
Peking Government Another material upan behind him. The Chengtu brigade was traders and some of the larger bands and
accomplishment was the freeing and re- Immediately dispersed and
with the dangers on the rouls and The following details of the brigand-patriation of a, grest. number of Chitese Ruccessful Generals marched straight
of nearly raid on the home of Father Achille captives
this mo Lai through to and besieged the capital.
According to Tall Cheng Soenen and Father Leenaus at Ho Hsing Hei hastened from Luchow to all-ordinary forms of business, the roscus of his friend the Governor, city or a district passes from the cost Kino, on the Peking-Suiyuan Railway, of December was fre from bandit ope
of one side to that of another in the con
Most of the active Geld work is and from early in February till March it is paper money, already deprecia have been received at Shanghai by Rev.
Missions Belges at Shanghai...
credited to La Sheng Ho, Commander of After two pricats had eaten dinner in be Fifth Brigade, who reports that af the their home on Christmas night, four times hundreds and even thousands of with Northern troops and ammunition erate, and they cried on, be it the Chinese came to the house, told the ser-handits appeared at one place, very often
the two this may be stopped.the.dow of n
immediately becomes worthlest
FE SOENEN WAS KILLED.
CHURCH PILLAGED.
mouth
26th hostilities were carried on to the evils could be alded my more To Father RVerhaege, procurator of the Borman conditions are returning
North of the capital. In the meantime Yang Sen had returned to the province darker, which it wern wearisome to enum
or the
been.
obtain whereper
South in power
to
The leader Hsa Pi Tzu is con It is avants that they came for medicine, and in the vicinity of the now famous lan to hom medical attention. Father Soenen got up sheng.
and the Independents had to divide matter for rata speculationotonous from the table to see what the Chinese spicuously mentioned among the bandit
forces to meet attacks on two fronta. Northerners thus suddenly placed in ascendancy were able to secure the aid long it will be before,
guer the
exact urea for arms cap- of several neutrals and many thou-oppresion makes the proverbial, worm desired and neither priest bad the least red, include forty two large guns, que sands of brigands, and this mixed multi-torn and the sport of, irresponsible militar suspicion that anything grundred and thirty-four rifice and trat tude descended on Chengtu on Marchists, brings retribution on their own, heads that any danger threatened, 27th and look possession of the dlly and in a popular revolt -Erkiny and Tirntain Arsenal. The arch trouble maker and his Times,
(Continued # foot of nestreolumns. ). and four pieces.
nize pistols, making a total of hundred
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