1923-09-05 — Page 3

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"DECOLITE

THE HONGKONG DAILY FRESS, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 5TH,

FIRE-RESISTING FLOORING

(Awarded Gold Medal Franco-British Exhibition.)

JOINTLESS. HYGIENIC & NON-SLIPPING Laid by Our Own Workinen on STEEL, WOOD OR CONCRETE.

THE UNITED ASBESTOS ORIENTAL AGENCY, LTD.

Tal. Contral 330.

3, Queen's Buildings.

TOILET & MEDICATED

SOAPS

You will find in Greatly Variety in. Stock at

VOLCANIC ACTION.

INTERESTING EXPLANATION.

AUSTRALIAN RAILWAY

CONTROVERSY.

THE NORTH TO SOUTH PROJECT.

(FROM "THE TIMES” ADELAIDE CORRESPONDENT. |

"

across the Continent from North to South.

A Scientific Correspondent of the Rangoon Times says the legend of a struggling buried giant explains volcánie action almost as satisfactorily as any of South Australians are intensely inter- the theories to which exact knowledge exted in the problem of communications una yet led. When the earth was thought The official tour of inspection which left to be a sphere of molten liquid, thinlyAdelaide on June 13th under the leader- skinned over by a shrinking crust, it was ship of the Govequor, Sir Tom Bridges, was arranged with a view to giving the an easy inference that lava was squeezed Federal and State Railway experts direct out through cracks or pores as juice can knowledge of the character of the country he pressed through the rind of a squeezed which lies along the route of the Trans- Continental Railway linking up with. Port fruit. But such a theory is incompatible | Darwin, Special importance is attached with knowledge of the density of the to the fact that Mr. Bell, the, Chief Com

missioner of Federal Railways, and Mr. earth as a whole and of its behaviour na

W. A Webb, the Chief Railways Com a umas obeying the laws of physics.

missioner of South Australia, were of the Study of the distribution of volcanoes Party. | showed that many of them occur in long lines; us for instance, along the western shore of South America in Central Africa,, unde mate generally, round the Pacific. This suggested that the vents lay along the major sears or lines, of weakness on the crust of the earth. But there are also many isolated volcanoes active or extinct and even when they Poccur in chains, there is little to anggest that, activity is simultaneous along any individual series. Moreover, although the depths of active volcanoes cannot be explored, denudation and geological

several ancient vents, and it seems clear that these do not occupy old fractures, but are often independent piercings of the crust?

THE CHINA DISPENSARY upheavals have laid hare the routs of

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SHIPBUILDERS.

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Dept. on Centre of

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Ter, Address: "Tarkoodooz, HONGKONG.” AGENTS.

* HONGKONG, CHINA & JAPAN,

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The presence of many volendoes and volcanic chains near the edges of oceans led to the supposition, still in favour, that water finding its way down cracks into the hot interior of the lower crust is the cause of volcanic action. Professor Arrhenius has urged that at great depths in the earth molten rock can exist only in the gaseous state, the temperature being too high for any other condition, hat that a gas under enormous pressure may behave like a rigid solid He assumes that the bulk of our planet,

South Australians insist that they have an unchallengeable legal claim to the con- struction, of the direct North South Line, and that the Federal authorities are under

ปี

high moral obligation to establish such line-which, by the way, was strongly alvorated by the late Lord Kitchener for obvious strategical purposes.

There is at present a gap of 1,100 miles between the railheads of Oodnadatta, in the South, and Pine Creek, in the North ern Territory

From Adélaide, Osdaad. atta lies nearly seven hundred miles away. South Australia acquired the Northern Territory in 1863, but gixteen years ago the country was transferred to the Com- monwealth after the agreement of surren der had been under confideration in the Federal Parliament for five years.

The controversy dow being revived with considerable vigour throughout Australia revolves around the issue whether there can be any deviation from the straight route. Queensland and New South Wales have brought pressure to bear, but South Aus tralia has renewed her claim upon the Commonwealth, demanding that the line shall run directly porth and south within the Territory, Sir Henry Barwell inclines

to the view that Mr. Bruce, the Federal sympathetic towards South Australia Prime Minister, disposed to be more claims, but he has expressed disappoint- ment that Mr. Bruce, in a recent pronoun- ermens foreshadowing construction of the railway from Enzangalan to Daly Waters, did not mention the extension from Qod-

Aounting to the central 50 per-rent.. nadatta to Alice Spr build a railway |

of its diameter, consists of gaseous iron, outside which is a zone of gaseous rock magna, passing gradually into a liquid rock, the whole covered by a thin, solid crust occupying about 1 per cent. of the diameter. If water penetrates to the molten interior, it must not as an acid and decompose the silicates of the rock magna. The liquid rock, expanded and made more Buid by this chemical co bination with water, woukl, theorise

through Essures towards the surface. cooling in the process to a point whics the water would again be liberated as steam, and by its expansion rend the surface and hurst through volcanic vents.

NATUER OF VOLCANIC GASES,

|

The Federal proposal to

from Port Augusta to Hay and farther on in New South Wales has drawn from Sir Henry Bagwell a further protest; Ho says:We should not consent to the Com-. monwealth Government launching out on any other big railway construction work until its obligations under the agreements Commonwealth cannot build a lino in any with the State have been fulfilled. The State without the consent of that State. My Government has no intention of giving when South Australia must stand up for such consent, The time has coms her rights,

any

When the Northern Territory was sur- inndered to the Commonwealth the Valida ting Act pave South Australia first claim in cicction with the construction of the first big railway by the Federal Govern- ment. That priority was waived to the extent of allowing the Enst-West Trans "qutinental line to be bailt, but there is now a feeling that that was an error in diplouncy.

MATRICULATION "MANIA:"

WHITE SOUTH AFRICA'S DANGER.

Dat is water vapour actually contained in the emanations from volcanoes in any considerable quantities? The evidence is reaßicting.

Water vapour was found even in the gases directly collected from the central inva columa of Kinuea. But, it was associated with a group of gasce such as carbon dioxide and monoxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen. chlorine and urine-gases which coul not have remained in chemical equili, brium at the ascertained temperature of about 1,000 deg. The water vapour may well have been a terminal product of the pases in their heated, flux. Observations on the gases escaping from Vesuvius and Etna have shown pily traces of water, The ashes of the cones contain labgė | now delivering in various parts of the quantities of chlorides of iron, magne síum, and aluminium, all these being salts which as they deliquesce rapidly could not have crystallized in the abur

lant presence of water.

CAPE TOWN, July 23rd." The danger of attepting to build up a white civilization as a mere superstructure upon a basis of black labir is the keynote of the speeches which General Smute is Union. Even his optimistic Johannesburg speech contained a passage pointing'oql that many of the most pressing problems of the Union spring from the disinclination. of the whites to do other work than $17.

Asubstance like gassy obsidian-avis natives, familiar constituent of plutonic rocks

The Prime Minister's warning was

Assembly Referring to the matricula in mania," Mr. Krige said:"Let us South Africana muke strenuous endeavours is derogatory to the prestige of the Europe to rid ourselves of the fake pride that it,

an race to be trained in trades as carpen“ ters, builders, blacksmiths, and market gardeners. This kind of pride will lend the White race to ruin in South Africa,”

gives off gases when raised to a temperhoed and emphasized in a speech on ture well within the limits of the condi- Saturday at George, in the Capo Province, tions of a deep-seated area of pressure. by Mr. Joe Krige, Speaker of the Union Just na baker's dough placed in an open expands into a light and spongy bread by the expansion of the minute bubbles of carbonic acid gas, formed during fer- mentation, so the heated obsidian, by the liberation of gases in its interior expands into a spongy pumice. With the expansion, the pressure is increased. and the molten magna rises through the These warnings are necessary and timely, vents of an old volcano or bores new for the matriculation mania is resulting in passages for itself until it issues forth a mist alarming spate of clerks through- as a devastating lava stream. The pro-out the Union. South African youths luation of heat from internal chemical despise artisanship, because all forms of energy does not necessarily ecase with manual labour are regarded as more or the emergence of the liva from the vol- Jess kaffis work; consequently the supply сало No doubt the crust formed by sur- of clerks is hopelessly in excess of the de fave gooling retains the internal hent aurkak There are thus growing numbers preserves the fluidity to a certain extrat, of menlle educnted roung men of the Tut not sufficiently to arent for the lower middle class who are unemployed formidable distances to which lay because they are unfit for anything but

Clerical work-Tipire. streama sometimes low, or for the equally formidable rate at which" "they" sometimes travel. The internal chenient energy produces a continual atecssion of heat which retards the rate of cooling.

Opinion veers towards gecaption of chemical energy being the chief source of volennie petivity, wader itself taking only a secondary part in the production of the phenomena. But whether the energy is liberated, simply because, after varying "period of accumulation, it suddenly

reaches, a critical point or whether soinu. more general cause affects wide areas in the crust of the earth, is still uncertain.

"ARMY CABEERS.

HONGKONG SHARE MARKET:

CLOSING QUOTATIONS

› LORD CAVAN'S REJABURING STATEMENT.

The Earl of Caisin, Chief of the Im- perial General Staff, at the half-yearly. inspection and passing out of the Codels at the Royal Military" College, Sandhurst," on July 12th, stated that "axeing as re- gards the fighting, troops was finished, He hoped that parents would recoghige |- this, aut he nexured the cadets and their younger brothers that the Army offered them a good a career as ever it did,

SEPTEMBER 4tku. 1923, Hongkong and Shanghai S Banks in 8" 2,000 ka Union Insurances

937 by 231 L „1:411⁄2 by 43 m.

Steamboats

China Supars

Langkats (Combined) Kowloon Wharves

... 910 E+ Tls. 31 b

5158 b..

Whampoa Docks 15 b, 153 ED. Hongkong Lands Hongkong Hotels ........ .................... 20) b. Ewa Cotton Milla

TIR 1250 b Shanghai Cottons..... Orientals. Cementa...

·

...The 8 b. Tls, 4.81 b., 4.80. sa „,518 b, 28.00

14.93 0.

China Liglits... i -Hongkong Tram..... 21.30 b', 23.40 ms.

hbayers; amsellers; tamsalts.

Do you take a Frido in your Table Linen P.

Has your Cloth, Fine Spronde, Centro Flopos got that Snowy White-

ness and Fina Gloss. that

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ather

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Sanitary Laundry

Service.

Dyeing and Dry.

eleuning of alt - Descriptions.

STEAM LAUNDRY CO.

HEAD OFFICE and WORKS ZAUMATI, Tel." K 32- HONGKONG DEPOT: 16, Stanley Street, Tol O 1379.

69, Praya East... KOWLOON DEPOT 19, Canton Road. CANTON :- 19, Sharki Central East.

Write.or Phone for PRICE-LIST.

PIANOS FOR SALE OR HIRE.

TSANG FOOK PIANO CO.

TBL. 2127.

94A, WANCHAI ROAD.

SOME DISTAMES IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA AND PHILIPPINE ISLANDS

On Sale at-

By Carr. G. H. PENNEFATHER. V

"BREWER & Co Pedder.Street,

YE OLDE PRINTERIE, LTD., Queen's Road,

THE RED HAND

COMPOSITIONS LIMITED,

LONDON.

Contractors to the Admiralty, India Office, War Office,

Crown Agents for the

THE RED C

HAND BRAND."

Antifouling Compositions for Ships Bottoms, Anticorusive Paints, Ready mixed, for all purposes,

Supplies neailable from 1

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MITSUI BUSSAN KAISHA, LTD.

HONGKONG.

"Boy A Good Smoke, my Slippers and Armchair."

THE

HONGKONG CIGAR STORE, LTD.

Do not supply Slippers and Chair but They" do supply!!

GOOD SMOKE.

When in doubt about your syen

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Conanit

CHINESE OPTICAL CO.

Eye-sight Specialists.

67. QUEEN'S DAD CENTRAL

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