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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 4TH, 1988.

THE FRENCH CASE CONCESSIONS AT AN END.

Mr. Poincaré unvelles a war memorial at Sentis on July 15th. The town wirka one of the points at which the Germans turue back from their march on Paris on the eye of the Battle of the Maruk,

. Poinenré in his speech referred to the relations between France, and her, Allies and the recent differences of policy in re gard to reparations.

Pointing out that France had gained no territorial advantages from her victory except the return of the lost provinces, M.

she has done everything she mald to in- ereuse; she felt that she was onevuraged in the attitude she had taken up; and, the moment came when we had no other-way open to us than to resort to coercion, and. to take pledges.

RYHR RESISTANCE,

It is not our fault that these tecessary the Allies. If they had been so applied meusites were not applied in common by there is every probability that Germany would have given way at once. We had to act alone, with the positive help of Bel gium and the partial collaboration of Italy. Instend of lending herself willingly to the

Poincaré said that- friendly Powers hallen of the pledges Germany or

resistance, and forced us to aceru, tuate our pressure. "Are we then respou sible for the trouble which followed? is it not those who violate treaties rather thin those who ask for the observance of them that one ought to tall to account for events. reulered inevitable, by the injuries don to justar?

What would have happened, moreover, if we had remained with our arms folde? Does anyone imagine that our weakness would have achieved the miracle of bring

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[183

ance to Allies who abo wish France to live and whose own interests, moreover when considered from a higher, point of view, are indistinguishable from ours.

extended their frontiers and haul surreeded in certain cases in having them redrawn in accordanes with their strategir interests. Francs had declared herself satisfied, be "cause she had never dreams of conquest and because she thought the time was past for annexations marie against the will of the population. How had they heen rewarded for their wisdom and moxiern. tion? The ink of the signatures to the Treaty of Versailles was hardly dry before choruses organized by Germany began to chant everywhere the same strain, Bellig wisdom is the German Government and Frazee, militarist France, Imperialist deviding it to put its finances in onder and stabilize its currency and thus to get rid Erauce. Bowever noisy those agitations for couse of economic decomposition in the they broke down before the truth,

centre of Europe! During three years the We do not covet (M. Poincaré declared) | Allies pursued that drum and during any piece of foreign soil. We wish only three years the evil grew worse, If we that a treaty aigued by twenty-eight uations shall not be nidered after four were not in the Ruhr Germany would have which she had dug for herself, but we tion in archeological museums to a few should have our hands empty, whereas to astonished visitors. It seems that that is too much to nsk, and when we formulate day we hold pledges and we are in a posi tion to refuse to let them go. Our resolve this demand with moderation certain of has been dicated to us by the vital interests. our friends exclaim. Do not think of of France: it cannot therefore be any an- it All that is ancient history. The world has revalved. All Europe has fallen ill The Arst need is to reconstitute | Europe, and for that it is necessary above all to prevent Germany from sinking into rub, Make concessions, then, in the gum-

I think I cas fatter myself that. I have mon interest." Concessions! Since peace always been a Faithful partisan of the was sigud Franes hing over ceased mak Franco-British Alliance. Before the war, ing concussions! It is an insult to repre- at a time when there was in France a cer- sent her as egotistical, thinking ouly of tai sumber of men who supported more herself and indifferent to, the health of

or less upenly a policy of rapprochement Euroue. She has lost nothing of bet with Germany at the risk of leading as native. generesity, of her of faith in to an official consecration of the Treaty ideals, of her disinterested love of of Frankfurt and the final abandonment manity. Bat lef it be allowed that she of Alsace and Lorraine-1 was always had kept her intelligence and her clear.

advised the close anion of the two ness of view. She is not unaware thang those who took the opposite view in the complexity of modern life no great free nations of Western Europe. It nation can be completely, iscinted from the was at my request that in 1912, in a Cab- others; and that there are between peoples fuet over which I presided, the letters be innumerable causes of economic inter tween M, Paul Camber al Sir Edward dependence, and that no part of the Crey were exchanged which male the En European body could become rotten with tente closer and prepared the way for the out. The best running risks of corruption. Alliance, and in the visits which I ex I add finally, that France has no desire changed with King George V. in 1013 and to see Germany collapse, first, because a 1914 I set myself to the realization of the. creditor does not desire the discomature same object, to which I was passionately of his debtor-even when that debtor is. devoted. like Germany, in a position to recover rapidly and also because it is not French to throw oneself violently on a beaten enemy.

END OF CONCESSIONS.

THE ESTESIE”

*

Nobody, therefore, would be more grieveil than myself if even a light shadow should momentarily obscure a friendship which I am confident of having dous practical work to bring about. But I have always to thought of that friendship as leaving the two peuples their independence of nion and their freedom of speech, as ing, intended to reconcile their interests: and not to subordinate them to que au other, and as finding its best suppirt in a contant effort towards reciprocal under- standing and a mutual respect for equality. I cannot believe that in taking this view— to use the expression of a very distinguish- rigid honesty. Honesty luns no need for epithets: it is sufficient by itself. We known that our Allies are as honest as we are, and that is why we feel certain that ou reflection and in face of the evidence of facts they will end hy agreeing that we are right. Moreover, to see that treaties are executed, that work faith is respect ed, is not simply a matter of honesty: it is. a matter of wisdom and "prudence,"

Why then have we said that we, have reached the end of concessions? It is be. cause, up to now, it is we who have paid for them. The Treaty has promised us the reparation of our damages and the guarantee of our security. But nsr gards security we were given a right of temporary occupation of the Rhine, which was to cease precisely at the moment when Germany would have become strong agained English publicist I am showing a too To make up for the precariousness of this 1st means of security, we were promised pact of help, which had no military value, but which might have the virtue of a moral and political warning. The promise was not kept, and nothing has been offered in place of it. For the fresh guarantee pact proposed by Mr. Lloyd George for a period shorter than that of the period of orcupation, without any precise obligation of military help, was nothing: it was nothing more than a dan gerous "nad, specinus offer deceiving the

eye.7

werd

On the morrow of a universal war which has had its reactions in every part of the world," which has stirred "Europe" to its depths, which has created new States, ex- panded or diminished old: States; and As regards our reparations, we have, awakened everywhere the spirit of nation. been treated ho better. On the Commis-ality, and which was ended by the painful gion constituted under the Treaty of elaboration of a series of treaties signed at Versailles Wa

in A minority, Versailles, at Trianon; at Neuilly, and at although our interests were the majority St. Germain-if one were to damage one of those cancerned. The attempt has of the diplomatie net, one wonis damage novertheless been made, during the last all the others. Favours granted to the four years to deprive the Commission of most powerful of the conquered nations its powers and to replace it by interwould javitably be claimed by the weaker national financial committers, that is to nations. Through the breach thus opened say, to try to form against a coalition would quickly pass other proposals which of the interests opposed to "curs." The would bring into question again the whole Trenty established in advance the condi pesce settlement, would destroy the new tions in which the Commission would arrangements male for Central Europe, determine the amount of the German debt, and would menace our friends of Cacho A pretence was made of respecting these Slovakia, Rumania, and Yugo-Slavia, Far from facilitating Continental recor conditions, but the debt was scarcely fixed

struction, before there wes-imposed up us, by which have been entered into would.

the forgetting of engagements one of those Supreme Councils in which after a little while disorder and chaos.

entail we always lost some portion of our right,

France, in defending her rights, defends Schedule of Payments which the Repara- those of her Allies.. In maintaining the tion Commission reluctantly adopted ind which reduced to in extent at clearly conditions of the peace she maintaina defined the total of our claims. We then Peace itself and works for humanity. relied firmly upon this Schedule of Pays ment ng an international convention, as an honourable engagemot entered inta with us. Only a few months passed before the values on which all the Allies bad. agreed were again called in question. As certain of our frieoils are no longer to have any other idea than to lighten the German debt, and as they were them- selves nur creditors, wo kid to then, HONGKONG CIGAR STORE, LTD.

There are three classen of obligations in- the Schedule of Payments Leave us, our share in the first tut. As for the third, we will employ it against Germany only to the extent to which our creditors nak us to pay our debts jie lekk

We were still considered to be too exacting. We were reproached with not allowing for the difficaltion of Germany and with exposing her to a disaster of which all other nations would feel the re-

haw not so percussions. And yet,

much in dulgence been shown towards Germany for three whole years that she has been. allowed to pscape all her obligations,

that we

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