1921-08-23 — Page 2

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935

**REPUBLICANISM

AFTER TEN YEARS.

TUESDAY, AUGUST 23%P," 1981.

CHINA! Each of these wildertakes to raise a re- giment or a company or a filo. Thus it comes about that the Army of Number 1 is raised, and since a good name is much

[BY A DWELLER IN THE INTERIOR.]

The average man at Home is remark- ably out of touch with the present condi. tion of China. Ho knows that queues have disappeared and that a Republic exists, but be puts his own interpreta tion on that misleading word. Many in Hongkong, too, are strangely ignorant of real conditions of life in the neigh

thought of in Chian, it may be dubbed the Hope for X- Army, being the name of the Province. ing of names. do all readers of the Press realize that the term "People's Army" is absolutely synonymous in a ton Province with robber band *?) Now, what is this Hope for X Arty based on ? Primarily, the ambition of Number 1 politician: ultimately, on the sum total of the several private am- bitions of every officer down to the junior Assistant Company Commander.

THE YANGTZE REGION.

THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN

HUPEH.

THE EXALTATION OF WE PEL-FU.

Whoever has abandoned the study of Chiness politics in despair, perceiving only thus the more it changes the more it remains the same thing, has surely excuse enough, says the NC. Daily News, even if he had it not before, in There is no cash of allegiance to the the strife in the Middle Yangtze Nation, to the President, not even to

In

KIANGSU DECLINES TO ONEY

PEKING'S ORDERS..

NawEING, August 7th,

An urgent telegram has been received. by General Chi Hajch-yuan. acting Tuchun of Kiangsu, from the Peking Government instructing him to lose na

to. Hupch to assist the Governmen time in despatching the Sath Divising troops in their 6ght against the Hurtad troops. When this news reached the members of the Kiangsu Peoples' Asso Chang Chien, former cation, under the leadership of Mr. Agriculture and Commerce and Mr. Tang Wen-tzo. former noting Minister powerful association "at once petitioned General Chi and the Civil Governor,

Minister

ot

bouring Province of Kangtung. It is Number 1: It is by no means essential previous instances of "the usual summor of Education, the members of this

-in a large measure due to this lack of ap

preciation of the facts regarding the state of affairs that the frequent talk about abrogation of extraterritorial pri vileges obtains even a moment's atten.

tion.

In the following articles an attempt is made to set forth some prominent aspects

that the officers should be able to read war" it has been possible to tracs. some and write: while an ability and desire connecting thread, to arrive at a certain to keep accurate accounts would be a meris ous bar to a man anxious to obtain a definition of causes which might predicate commission. The several officers are not certain results. No doubt one was often enlisted to assist Number 1, but are am wrong, even as it is possible to write ployed directly by the man next above them. Hence the mutual cohesion of one beautiful and convincing translations of of these armies is of a very easily soluble Aristotle' which have only one defect, nature. It is something like the gum

But at least personal of the Chinaman's life in this Province a postage stamp; it will stick firmly namely, that they are not what Aristotla

-until a damper comes along, and then, meant to say. "(which boasts itself, the leader of pro-you never know your luck,

vacity was 4oothed and in the futile In the fra flush of enthusiasm, when evolutions of Chinese politics one mis- gress among all Provinces) now that, ten years have jassed since the great RevoluNumber 1 has opened his purse just the taken theory more or less made no great least little bit, for an attack on a definite object, all is well. We are carried along difference. But in the war of Hunan

of Victory and the wings

crowd on the

tion when the Manchu Imperial Throne fell. The articles do no, profess to be

exhaustive, but they show something of the crying abuses and the pitinbly helpless condition of the population, which seers to be getting worse with the passage of Travellers who visit Canton do not

time.

The

applauds by and by, the senior officers and Hupeh as we all called it at the are promoted to their higher jobs, though beginning, conclusions are contradicted inevitably one or more are disappointed. before they are well formed and the of malcontents increases in proportion

juniors move up too, and the number antagonists of midday are bosom friends the scale of office descands. Peace, we before tes: It becomes apparent that say, reigns: but woe to our Postage there was never any war and virtually Stamp Army, for with peace, the de certain that even the leaders in Hunan finitbness of the object of united effort sension are here

protesting against the despatch or ing reasons: --- Kiangsu troops to Hupch for the follow 1.The participation of the Kiangen army in the regional Hupeh-Hunan situation will surely give a pretari for. Szechuan, Kueichow and Yun- nan to side with Hunan.

The existing situation in Kiang and Lower Yangtze does not permi the despatch of troops to other provinces.

3-The Government troops are sup-

ported by the people for the pro- tection of the country and not for participating in the suicidal per- sonal strifes of the military load-

era.

see China: Canton is a city by itself, and fails, and the beginnings of interant dis and Hupeh were not really at enmity with cause their presence is required for the

the other treaty-ports also are on a differ- ent footing from the remoter parts of the Province. These articles deal with con- ditions in parts of Kwangtung where the basal standards of honesty and fair deal ing as conceived by Westerners have not yet drawn hear enough to compel the local administrators to make even a show of compliance with them. Here we have

After a while some officer, say Num ber 7, thinks that Number 8 has been unduly favoured at bis expense, and he begins tu brood over the idea. It does not take him long to devise some underground operations having as their the deprivation of No. 8 of his spoils of victory. Perhaps No. thus negotiates an agreement with No.

In reply to this petition, General Chi says that, after consulting the Civil Governor, the Kiangsu Provincial Cor ernment has decided not to send ans Kiangs troops to Hupeh, chiefly be- preservation of peace and order withia each other. A year ago Wu Pol-fa was,

the territory of the province, adding indirectly, the champion of Hunan that as foreign interests are involved in Nanking will attend to its own duties to against Peking; that is to any that, by the Lower Yangtze, the Government at withdrawing his troops from Hunan be the people without interfering or meu- enabled the Hunanese to drive out the ding in the affairs of other provinces hated and tyrant Northern Tuchun Thus under the pretext of popular op But now Wu Pei-fu position, General Chi has wired, to Chang Chin-yao. comes back as Inspecting Commissioner king declining to despatch troops to 5 to oust No. 8, and before long there of Hunan, as well as Hupeh, the nominee Hupeh as ordered by the Peking of the reposition of Northern power loss of "face" for someone, over the Hunanese. Yet the peoples of China's so-called democratic government, must needs be quenched in blood-or the Middle Yangtze appear quite pleased unsullied by foreign influence. There is silver. So the higher powers are sought, about the

appointment and Chinese and one of the

showed Shanghai no Republic in China.

out of affairs. self, is manoeuvre say Number 7 him. abo

Of businessmen in

dono they have aigns of tranquillity than course, he takes his junior officers and all for some time past. Only a still, small AND THE EFFECT OF THE SUN'S

hair soldiers with him, to offer his ser- voice from up-river whispers: What is to vices (for a consideration) to anyone, become of all the troops, and especially whether a supporter or opponent of No. those of the outgoing Tuchun, Wang 1, who will help im to wreak his vengo- Chan-yuan? ane upon No. 8.

the zipened product of ten years of involving serious dissension, which, of Peking and therefore representative Government..

I-THE ARMY.

Thus. No. 1's "Hope of X Army may be reduced by No. 7's Division, which may sell itself to increase the Constitutional Army of Xor any other.

more

was

THE HATS WE WEAR.

RAYS ON THEM..

4

Dr. Wu Lien-teh, whose distinctions. include the LL.D. of Hongkong Univer-

The date chosen'

In the old Chinese classification of popu lation, there were four groups-Scholar, Farmer, Labourer, Businessman: The Ncholar, a member of the illustrious few

A word or two on. General Wu Pei-fu's sity, has been conducting a few experi who could appreciate the mystery and

career, for from the comparative ph-ments to test the nature and extent of beauty of the character and the thoughts

scurity of twelve months ago he has be the protection afforded in great heat by of the ancient Sages, naturally held the

come perhaps the most talked of man in the headgear commonly worn by people. most bonoured, frat, place. Leaving him

China. He is about forty-one years old For this purpose, hats made of different cut of count, the man most of valio to

obtained the degree of B.A. under the materials and varying in shape were the community was the Farmer, ho who

It is on this account that in any deci-old régime, entered the army, it is rum exposed to the direct sun's rays for by his

ecergies assisted Nature to pro- duce the daily food of all her children. sion to fight or threaten a political foe, oured as a common soldies but this we certain lengths of time and the tem- confirm, and was commanding a peratures of the thermometers placed in- The third group was made of workmen, Number 1 and all his subordinates in cannon Szechuan in the days of the side ench has noted.

lesser degree must needs first test their brigade The workman

in many cases contributed junior officers to know if they are will revolt of Tsai Ao of Yunnan against the

was August 1st, 1921, the hour 1 p.m... Decessary aids to the farmer, but even

the place Harbia Hospital compound. those who did not make agricultural imong Brigadiere did occasion! monarchy of the late Yuan: Shih-kai.

Supposing

34 and 35, under

General Tsao Kua (now Tachun "plements were alike engaged in benefiting Divisional Commander S. hardly think of Chihli) was ordered to retake Hunan There was a slight breeze blowing at the va time, the thermometer marking 110 the world

Wu. Pei-fu one thing or by producing another, and so adding to the total there is arough kudos to be obtained on from the Southerfiers, wealth of mankind. Last in order, but this occasion, they just reply (of course, given charge of the forces in western Fahrenheit in the sun and 92 F. in the. still essential, came the Trader, through after consulting their Colonels Nos. 50 Hunan and became the bulwark of shade,

He sets forth in detail the results of to 60).

Tüchun Chang Chin-yao; which bulwark declare our independence,' whose everyday work, nonproductive and hey make for themselves a

they though it was, the things produced by flag and a new chop bearing the words above. Chang was expelled. Then came summary of them

new ultimately removing itself as mentioned the experiments-and gives the following others became available for use by the Independent Brigade of the Hope of the great advance of Wu Pei-fu upoa-The most serviceable headgear fo community as a whole. It is noticeable Army. By this means they may Peking against the forces of the Anfu that a Soldier is not included anywhere. still sell their valuable strength to Divi. Club, which he, the proclaimed champion, For a short time an attempt was made sional Commander 9 and retain the of democracy, easily overthrew. All this to add the fifth term to the series--Sol face of No. 1.

happened July a year ago; and the dier-but he was put in at the end, the

leaders having Bled for protection position of least honour, for did not his Hence, also, arises the anomaly that Aufu occupation largely consist in destruction, one almost never hears of a court mar into the Japanese Legation, China wait.The stiff straw boater, first invented...

He foresees coming ed breathlessly for General Wu to fulfi in place of production Even so, the tial on an officer. fifth term in the series could not long events, and cuts himself off from the his purpose of entering Peking, weep- out the myrmidons of the old gang maintain its precarious place, and to this decir bir his gode to allevia and calling together a national assembly day the series is quoted as of old, and declares himself

independent, having which should assert the government of first assured himself of protection by an the word Soldier is not mentioned.".

That this should have been the case years other power, of equal rank with the one the people, by the people and for the ago is not surprising, for the soldiers to be offended. Woe be to the trader who people for ever and day. By the evi-

dence of those who know, it would Division 8, credit to

Seein of China ('' braves") were only a small

Brigade proportion and were not respected. But

Не ростве his aime Neither Division 8 nor the new Divi with the impact of military forces fromisional Commander 9 will admit the debt: Europe and Japan there arose a more considerable army in China, and now in it is an occasion for getting something the tenth year of the Republic the soldier for nothing that is not to missed. And, and his officer form a very prominent of course, there is no redress, nor any section of the community indeed.

cne to whom appeal inay he made. -

Such is not an unfair picture of the Armies.

The Army in China is not one but many. The Armies that have found themselves in Kwangtung of late, years: own no allegiance to the Nation as a whole: at most they represent u Pro- vince. We have thus the Yunnanese Army, the Kwangtung Army, etc. But here again it is a falso conclusion to

sincera "in

has allow under these circumstances that: Wu Pei-fu was peric ractor, and

CHINESE DOLLARS,

summer wear appears to be the stiff properly ventilated, pith or rag-made helmet, lined if possible with green cloth inside.

in England and now largely made in: Japan, appears unsuitable for these parts, as they conduct the heat direct and retain it next to the head. 3.-The khaki-coloured police cap ap pears more suitable than the grey coloured Chinese military cap, but. neither seems to mo suitable for lang.. exposure in the sun as the air space available too confined,

4.-The spring felt or velour hat as well as the closely fitting cap should be avoided in the day time,

personality and by his victory over the Japanese-trained soldiers of Aufu he clearly knows how to train and lead troops. But the interposition of Changs.-The soft easily Etting Tientsin hemp- Teo-lin, Lord of Manchuria, ruined his schemes. It was Chang who appointed the new Government in Peking, with the Assistance of, or by means of concessions to Tsao Kun of Chihli, and Wa Pei-tu. a second Aebilles, retired with hie troops to the tents of Honan.

Chang

braided hat introduced this year- and..... costing one dollar each may be re commended because of its comfort, coolness and non-concentration of "heat.

DISMISSED.

What part does Chang Tso-lin play in Achilles's re-emergence? When Wang SHANGHAI RECORD OPIUM CASE, Two important items of financial news Chan-yuan, of. Rupeh, sent his resigna draw that the Yunnanese Army aims at have beca announced within the past few tion to Peking a few days ago, Peking the glorification of Yunnan, and so forth. The true state of affairs-so patent toys. The Chinese Banking Group has forwarded it to Mukden for Chang Tso- assume that. resident in the interior is yet hardly paid over about Tls. 400,000 as the first lin's decision. It is safe to act me The week, Mr. Blackburn and the Chines In the Mixed Court, at Shanghai, t perceived by those who look at China instalment of the cost of machinery for

Peking through the medium of the newspaper and the Shanghai Mint, while the Currency fu his present appointment without the Magistrate, Mr. Yui, concluded the hears Yet weing of the case which followed upon the the speeches of China's able diplomats Bureau has submited to the Cabinet Lord of Manchuria's approval. abroad. Those who live in China Ero so the design of a new dollar, to bear a may doubt, whether Chang Teo-lin loves seizure by the Hongkow police of opium accustomed to the position, that they representation of the head of President Wu Pei-fu more than he is loved by valued at $950,000, the Bonch ordering

him. Is it,

perhaps, that

Tea-lin

the dismissal of the charges against the forget at times to make it clear that at Hsu, and to be a standard dollar for the present day a military force is the China. The general public is too well desires to erect, a barricade against the three defendants who had strenuously

forces of

which, having over- of Kuangtung

danied being concerned in any way with property and instrument of a man or acquainted with currency depreciation come Kuangsi, m

might combine with those a group of men, and not at all of the here to be unduly elated at the prospect of Hunan, to advance on Peking and has the ownership of the opium. It was Country or even the Province, whose name of anything "standard" in connexion chosen Wu Pei-fu because of the alleged directed that the opium could rapes it bears. The bald fact obtains, that at with the money of Chinn, but on the enmity between him and Dr. Sun Yat-troyed, whilst some smoking parapher this day

in Bouth China at any rate, other hand the Chineso Banking Group sen? If so Chang has shown an intract premises is to be confiscated.

Teo-lin might ramom- nalis, discovered in the Tiendong Road the huge armies"

are not other than is looking forward to such a blessed state ber that W bands of more or less trained soldiers of affairs. The members, or at least able disposition to think for himself and existing for the political purposes of p few individuals who fight with mani- certain of thear, have the rosiest faith in to play the Northern game only so far festo and with dollar, and occasionally the Shanghar Mint as the great step in as it suits him. And here is a further with sword, for their own hand and their currency reform; and with this goes one complication. There are those who say own banking account. There may be other belief of extraordinary interest, that Tsao Kud of Chihli and Wu Pei-fuLooking through my Toric lenses ie an exception, but the present writer that the Euchun system is tottering to are old classmates and friends, that

bas

#PLATE GLASS WINDOW.

not yet been fortunate enough its fall.. Of course they are under no loyalty to Tsao is the motive of Wu's like looking through a fine plate glass to come across it. This cardinal fact illusions as to the liking of various of actions and that, in siding with Peking window," said an American lady, in the properly appreciated, a whole

train

of the Tuchuns for a mint in their territory; in the Yangtze turmoil, Wit Pei-fu ia peculiar features becomes plain.

that at Wachang for instance is credited really helping to build up Tsao Kun's course of her remarks while in a tram-

power against Chang Teo-lin.

We do car the other day, She said just the controlling porhaps with yielding enormous profits; and so

We

big

half a

The Pixious to control long da corrupt officialdom is allowed to not pretend to read these riddles.

the whole, Number the right thing. It cost a bit more to build "he calls" on Numbers

5, 3, and 4, who are can be entertained. In the upturn at main features in this confusing landscape a plate glass window had it, cost a bis perhaps in

Of which discovery, of a cluc. covery each and who have their headed men of business believe they see however, we have little hope. The pro the ordinary fat kind. Tories are more eyen on the half Province to be vacated the dawn of better things, and hence phecies of those who foretold anarchy than worth the mall difference in cost when Number 1 gets the whole Number

to you in the added comfort you derive It 2 accordingly, scoures the adhesion of their high, expectations from the mint and disruption and chaos when the Man-

Bow in course of construction here.

chu offer of a constitutional monarchy Numbers 6, 8, 7, 8, each at present in is difficult naturally, for the onlooker to charge of one district and who would like throw off a scepticis born of much it was spurned in the furious pursuit of from their ase, Toric lenses of s

republican chimeras, have fulfilled them-

prescription are manufactured by The the reversion of Number, 2's post. Nam- bere 3 and 4 do likewise. Numbers 5 and appointment in the past, and yet if any solves with such startling accuracy; that all the rest of his grade make great pro class of people might be expected to con- we may well believe there was truth in Hongkeng Optical Co., successors to mises to Nos. 20, 31, and so on, who are tinue sceptical, it is these Chinese finan- the minds of those who uttered them. Clark & Co., Manufacturing and Refract

yob to come. out of jobs and who do not care to do ciera who today are actually hopeful. fan honcat day's work for their living. NO Daily News.

distrintsation of a few counties Wuchang, however, some of these hard.for remembrance against the possible dis more to make a pair of Toric lenses tèan

And the last phases of that prophecy daveing Opticians, 53, Queen's Road, Central

LADYTŁ

1589