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ALL SIZES-IN--STOCK~~
THE MAKING OF THE
ALLIANCE,
HOW THE TREATY CAME TO BE
4) MADE.
BOOKS ON CHINA FOR-
CAMBRIDGE.
на
THE FUTURE OF TSINGTAO.THE JUNE SETTLEMENT AT
MEMORANDUM BY THE BRITISH
OHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
The following memorandum on the
SHANGHAI, 1 LATEST REPORTS.
The Nash News of June 2
future of Tsingtan, which was drawn up, says
by
the British Chamber of Commerce at
For
MR. KINNEAR'S BEQUEST. The priceless collection in the University From a translation appearing in our Library, Cambridge, of (i) books printed coinmas (Japan Chrouiele) a day, or two in the Chinese, Manchu, Korean and ago, it will be sent that the Janhi con- Mongolian language, and (2) of works con- that port and with the genera principles About a fortnight go we mentioned that it was believed that the June settlement Atitutes an exception to the chorus of a cerning China in other languages, mestly of which the Associated British Chambors; proval with which the proposed renewal English, has recently received a valuable of Commerce in China are in agreement, of the Stock Exchange had been prac of the Ango-Japanese Allionce has beva addition n the shape of a bequest under was recently forwarded to H.M. Minister tically atted. At the time this wa
rect, but singe that date it is understaŭ l greeted in Japan. The fact is of interest, j thu.will of Mr. Henry R. Kinnear of over by the Association-
The Tsingtao question has now entered that negotiations have not proceded so us the Asahi is an independent journal, 400 volumes of the second class above ment
The Chinese must last week some have been inclined to take less amenable to thows curious influences tioned, hitherto nos to be found in the phase when some kind of solution must smoothly as had been anticipated. During
soon be arrived at which from time to time seem to run Chiave room, though a few of them choose between negotiating directly with
a very gloomy view of the situation, but through the Japanese Press and make it already stand in the catalogue of the Japan or submitting the whole question to
In the former satisfactory to know that the tone 2o the League of Nations, appear to speak with and Voice. To-day, general library. Such duplicates, how great the interests of foreign, Fowers would with Russin no longer a Power with which over, help towards completeness, in the probably be entirely ignored, but in the the Exchange on Saturday was decidedly latter event the League of Nations would better and that there is more possibility agreements can be made, for division of case that the whole collection under the
probably take into consideration the
Ay matters stand, however, it is no spheres of influence, even the Yenata is two classes is housed in one large and loftly rested interests acquired by England and of the business being settled it. anthusiastically in favour of the renewal room, with electric light and telephone laid other, nations in the course of 16 years
under treaty conditions at Tsing longer possible to state that the settlement trading solution arrived will be arranged, although to-morro
love for the alliance with England and was
The Ai
G. Aston, CMG
พร
is
A SALE OF 7 MILLIONS. A farther factor is contained in a report
of the alliance with England; yet in 1916, ideally convenient arrangement for tau. when negotiation were in progress for an Purposes of reference and research; the at would be international in character. people will be in a decidedly better
Believing that the time is becoming ripetion to say how things stand. A number offensive and defensive alliance with more so as the Chinese room leads directly į for such a solution, the British Chamber of those interested are understood not to Tsarist Russia, and Britain's prospects of into the Japanese" room, where the student of Commerce at Tsingtao .have deemed it bare declared their position, and until this Ivictory were not altogether bright, the has at his elbow the extensive, and well-advisable to place upon record what is known there is no, telling how far
their opinion would
constitute a fair matters will be capable of adjustment. Yamato very successfully dissembled its selected, collection formed by the late Wesettlement of the Tsingtao question, namely, Besides the fall in the price of cotton
a settlement which would preserve intact
shares since Alarch, another factor bun s
Some of those who are The number of Chinese books has been the sovereign rights of China and at 130 be considered. quito prepared to kick it downstairs. Evan welled by reccat additions to over 5,000 saine time allow every nation to live and interested in the June settlement have also the Janki looks back somewhat regretfully volumes, nearly all of which are bound in prade at Tsingtao on a footing of equally been hit by the fall in the tal exchange Japan undertook the reduction of in their business, and are, in consequence, to the time when Japan conid chaffer with European style, and are, therefore, much
more handy than when placed on the shel. Tsinging on the express promise that she short of money. both Powers. In the opinion of "our con.
Fes with or without the usual Chinese would return Tsingtan to China. In conse temporary
"the moment chances to be uns wrappers, in both of which case they would sequence of that promise China allowed a favourable for Japan to expect the rene lie flat on their sides. The Chinase volume free passage to the Japanese army, the! wal of the Alliance with England on any is a pên; but these volumes contain any Powers gave Japan a free hand, and she of exceptional interesi. It is stated that When the Allinace, thing from 2 to 10 pen, and yield a total wek as morally, therefore, England and bad sold forward shares to the value of was assisted by British troops, Legally as one Chinese interested in the settlement, favourable terms. was first concluded,” says the Osaka'at is moderate estimate of 30,000 pên.
the other Powers have the right to insist seven and three-quarter millions. This journal here were pimmibility of Japas. Kiament, the library's latest ber that a reasonable interpretation be given? joining hands with Russia, and this was a strong card in the hands of the Japanese facter, had spent 50 years in China (at to this promise. That is to say the Powers was generally considered to be a short sale, hit it now turns out that he is actually not be authorities in conducting negotiations with, Foxbow and Shanghat), and was recently iemand that this promise must
chairmac of the Municipai Council, merely fuiflied on paper and completely disposing of his family's holdings in the the British Government, but at the present Shanghai So far back as 18 he spent nullined in practice.
various cotton companies, and accordingly time Japan has no such card."
instead of the market having merely to a winter in Peking for the purpos of
11.--If Tsinguo is to be returned to the meer differences, it has to finance the whole is not quite currect in saying that in 1902, picking by a little of the so-called Man- when the arst Agreement was made with darin colloquial; and ever afterwards be sovereignty of China the very first step Britain, there was a possibility of Japan kept up a lively interest in the civilisations to place the harbour and harbour lights, of this large sale. This is said to have joining hands with Puzsia. That was a of China, past and present, filing his the docks and wharves and the collection as a surprise to many, and it means Ia
pure piece of bluff Count Hayashi posed, the details of the intrigue in bis shelves wth books, many of which were of of duties under the control of China. If that a large sum of money is necessary for
considerable value. Of periodicals he had this is not done the premise is absolutely the settlement than was anticipate 1.
It follows that, in view of. These considerations have been emusing + Secret Menuirs. One of the most curios complete copies of the Chinese Reposit
facts about the Anglo-Japanese Alliance
tory, the China Review," Notes and the vested trading interests referred to that it was first suggested by Baron von Eckhardstein, who was Gernian Charge Queries on Chiza and Japan, the East above, Tsingtao must be placed on the same past few days, and it is accordingly satis Affaires in London in 1901, and whow. of Axia Adversaria Sinica," fueting As other forts in China. The factory to be able to recurl the better "of the Chine Branch organ for the control of "harbour, docks, feeling with which the market closed a Thurst wharves and colection of customs duties Saturday. It seemed to be the impresion made in a conversation with and the East between Britain, Germany, and thript THA_afnast unprocurable must be the Maritime Customs, and the that it will be possibly to carry over the
for a triple alliance for the "f the Royal Asiatic Society.
Among the older books may be mentioned: aritime Clistanum prese beply an J. Hayashi therespon telegraphed to "A Short Account, of the Declaration ordinary branch of the thinese Customs bulk of the shares on me, although it bis Government and received authority to given by the Chinese Emperor Kam Hi in service. The appointment of the stuff must is stated that the settlement is larger then make approaches to the British Govern 100, 1703; Description de la China," be left to the unfettered discretion of the in March,
Lord ment. On doing he found that
inspector General in Peking, and if that wards this carry over, there is the fact Lansdowne, the Secretary for Foreign by Lu Haide, four vols. folio. 17:5; the discretion is exercised in a flanzer debris that money in the Chinese banks is pleasure Affairs, was favourable, but suggested that Memoirs and Remarks, illustrated, by mental to the interests of any nation full and rates are easy.
iz a third country could also be admitted.
diplomatic representations in trom which Count Hayashi shed used tour Lewis le Comte, Jesuit, 1737: Travels
afford an easy remedy. China. by John Barrow. 1304: there had already been a conversatigu on Penal Code of China," by Sir G. Staunton, Tthe
subject, between Lord Fansdowne and 1910: The Chinees by Sir John Davis, the German Charge Affaires. Tokyo wis 1438.
kept informed of what was
buz going on, there was some difficulty, in getting the daong isecilancony works of later be abolished and the question then aras
what form of administration is to take a correspondent writing to Shang
London บน the There are various alternatives, hai frum
126) subject attended to, as Japan was in the year: Japanese, Lacquer." by James
I am fed up." which may be discussed and considered but ult.. saya: throes of a Cabia crisis as a result of Ornngy, 1007: Historic Shanghai, by pince. which the Itu Ministry fell and the Kat- Montalto d: Jesus, 1909; Cilies and the only solution which British interests in trying to get a house für la months.
Towns of China. by Playfair, second. edition, 1819; The Ruins of Desert China regard as satisfactory and far 10 Not one to let anywhere landlords will CI a only well at 3 to 5 times pre-war prices with Cathay, by M. Stein, etc. The collec al coccerned is the establishment tion further includes complete sets of the reports of the Municipal Council (Land Assent Schedule) nad of the Chamber of Commerce, Shanghai, which may prove of use and importance to the future his torian of the Model Settlement.
MACKINTOSH
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sura Ministry with substantial support from the militarists came into power,
It was at this moment that the late Sir Claude MacDonald, then, British Min. ister at Tokyo, éame on the scene, and with remarkable airet suggested to Count Hayashi what proved i excellent card to play. On July 15th, Sir Claude, then m leave of absence in England, called on Count Hayashi and said he had seen both the King and Lord Salisbury, the premier.
А
The
!
a certâm whount of unenyiness during the
in favour of the efforts to
L
Peking
III-If the Leused Territory is returned ! THE "CHINA HAND" IN to the angereignty of Chinn the present Wilitary achinistration would LONDON,
ways.
Been
municipality with elected couneliora at, occupation. Without occupation the prices. & perinnen taff such as exists as Shang are normal, bet cost of repairs consider hai and other ports, with, however, this able. England is not the same as pre-war; important addition that, unlike Shanghai, everything is changed, prices continually those of other nationalities, shall have the bining to keep up prices, and they make. Chinese residents in Tsingtao, equally with maring. Shopkeepers everywhere com- right to vote and sit on the Council. The you feel had often tell their customers that law administered should be the law of they are conferring a favour upon us by China"limited only by the safeguards of
One cannot expect who both approved of an aliance with honorary degree of LL.D. from Yale, after extra-territoriality so long as such safe helling goods to us. Japan, but as such an alliance would be a which he was to proceed to Europe for the guards are maintained in the rest of China. even civility from some, in fact, some of departure from British traditions of bencât ut his health.
them are actually impertinent, nod what His arrival in IT--The railway is a difficult problem they extort from the public is at once foreign policy, it might take some time, France and avoidance of England helped capable of several soiutions. It is obvious spent on pleasure, the craze for profiteor and Lord Salisbury was a little afraid Hayashi wonderfully. Hayashi had al however, that it is utterly incompatible ing and pleasure almost amounts to mad- that in the delay Japan and Russia might ready received instructions from Tokyo to with China's sovereignty that the railway form an allinnee. Lord Salisbury did not push on with the treaty, and, though should be practically foreign territory Acs*, know of Sir Claude's indiscretion or in rather bewildered by what seemed to be garrisoned by foreign troops and guarded all probability there would have been a double policy in Tokyo,-which appeared by foreign military police, and that the diplomatic vacancy in Tokyo. For the to make the possibility of an agreement railway should control the Tsingtao docks the 10 years leases granted by the Militar converation gave Hayashi an idea which with Russia, too much of a renuity, be and what office. The very cast that administration into freenoids should he proceeded instantly to put into effect. found that the arrival of Its in Europe on should be demanded is that the docks and prevented.
I therefore telegraphed to my Govern mission to Petrograd had alarmed the wharf office be placed under the control! It is probably that the Commission in ment," be says: details of my conversation British Government and made it more of the Chinese Maritime Customs at Taing the course of its labours will be met by a with Sir Claude, and added that as the anxious to bring the negotiations to British Government was nervous of a poesi head. Indeed, the British diplomats took citirely withdrawn and a Chinese police tion of her sovereignty than ia accorded to tao, that the foreign troops should be demand from China for a fuller recogni. ble alliance between Japan and Russia, if exactly the lise Hayashi had from the force take the place of the military police, her at other places where she comes into my Government would hint that Japan and first anticipated. Mr. (afterwards Lord) and that, if the railway itself is to be contact with foreigners, and a demand from Rassia would combine if there were no Bertie, then Lader Secretary for Foreign treated as a foreign concession, it should Japan for special consideration of the in- prospects of the successful conclusion of Affairs, solemnly warned the Japanese be managed as an economic concession pure terests which she has built up since 1914. the proposed Anglo-Japanese Alliance, the Ambassador not to have anything to do and simple. It is suggested, however, that There is no reason why both these demands British Government would be stimulated with Russia, who would probably be ready the question of the management and con should not be met in a sympathetic spirit, into making a favourable agreement to make advantageous terms, but would trol of the Shantang Railway should not provided only that the only object which By this time Germany apparently, to ceased to sus her. This fell in with the that it should be settled in conjunction with of opportunity-is not placed in jeopardy
them whenever it ap be dealt with as an isolated problem but British merchants have in view-equality conversation, owing the objections of Lord Salisbury. Soon policy of the Japanese Ambassador, che al other railways in China as part of a afterwards Hayashi a Lansdowne and expressed assent, urged on the a-gotiations comprehensive scheme of unification of rail neated by the British Chamber of Com VI. To sum up, the policy which is ad- erpressed to him the fears of Japan that and got the Alliance virtually concluded if Russia strengthened her position in before Ito could begin conversations with
merte at Tsingtao is that Taingtao should Mascharia, she would eventually absorb Russia. Though It went on to Petro-Y-Assuming that the Tsingtao question be returned by Japan to Ching and that Koren, which would be a danger to Japan. grad, the wind had been taken out of his is settled on an international basis as out an international Commission be appointed. "Now please tell me," said Lansdowne,
am lined above, the only feasible method of by the League of Nations to safeguard the when Russin proposed to make hores convinced,ho could do nothing I settlement would supervise the transfer of sovereignty of China and the vested trading a buffer Staid, why did Japan refuse to Maui in Berlin, from what I have seen sovereignty from Japan to China and have interests which should be settled by the agree 1
Hayashi was ready with his and heard in the Russian capital that the authority to settle the aumerous questions Commission are:-- reply. Korea could not maintain a neu- THE HONGKONG CIGAR STORET tral position, as the Korenus. Were totally attitude of that country is at least rather of detail which would arise. Such a Com (1.) The Customs should be an ordinary, conciliatory towards Japan, and it appears mission might be appointed by the League branch of the Chinese Maritime Customs incapable of governing the elves. As to me that she is sincerely desirous of of Nations and might contain representa, and the stad should be appointed irrespec regards China, what Japan wanted was to maintain the principle at the upendo co-operating with us to settle the Korean tives of China, Japan, England, America, tive of nationality by the Inspector
question."
But the die was cast, and a and France. Many very important que eral of Customs in Peking nad the territorial integrits of the Chinese few weeks later the agreement with Britain tions could be left to the unfettered deci (2.)-The Customs should control the For example barbour, harbour lights, wharves, docks Empire. In order to do this Japan must was signed. Even Count Hayashi was not sion of this Commission. proveat -Russia-from- -into Manchu- Pro and if thereby she was zavolved in war maken to scuro le, for he summing up the ele
hu-quite satisfied with the means that had beer when handing over control of the harbour and wharf godowns,
eter to the Chinese Maritime Customs i
(3)The leased territory-should-be ad- with Russia she wanted to prevent a third negotiations Le remarked: Bhe (Japan)
might be found desirable to stipulate that party (France) from coming to the belp has indeed won the support of the present free part area be maintained ministered by a municipal Council elected ou a property franchise in respect of which the fate of the Northern Power. Laosdowne was Britain, but she lost the respect of Russia of the railway it would certainly be desir. every nationality should be on a footing
as a free port, and in deciding impressed with, this view, and Hayashi and other European countries." He know able to ensure a continuance of the freedom (4) All-public-utilities such as slaugh
equality. -left much pleased with-the-way things weretion of reaching a real agreement with from "vexation inland taxation which was ter house, water works, etc., should be going.
wiring to Tokyo the gist of his con- Russia save on terms that Rumis would secured by Germans. With regard to the handed ever to the municipality versation with Lansdowne, the militarists never accept. Two years later, as Ito hud
Municipal Administration of Tungtao, the
(3) A contribution of 20 per cent o in power there were delighted, and ex feared, Japan, under the list Condition, besides settling the composition the Customs Revenue, should be paid to pressed the fliest antifaction with Hayes Ministry that had secured the treaty with and organisation of the Council and in the municipality to facilitate upkeep of shi's negotiations. About this time Mar Britain, was at war with the northern Permanent staf, would be faced with the the territory as heretofore. quis. Ito hous me acquainted with what was Power, and the incursion of Russia into would be insufficiant for the proper upkeep appropriated by the Municipality and no difficulty that ordinary municipal taxation" (6)-Revenue from fiscal lands should be going on, and was much alarmed. He Manchuria, which had so started Tokyo of the town. They would have to arrange further alienation, etc., of these lands per- realised that if Japan made an aillance for China's integrity, was to be replaced for a permanent, contribution of 20 permitted p with Britain it would be interpreted at a few months later, by the establishment Petrograd as an act of humility and might of Japan. There is substantial reason for out of the Cratom, revenue as arranged(7.)-The milway shimand be mana
maged on na economic, and not a politicst basis anda. precipitate war instead of avoking the view-of-the Anahithe trups that in the ngrement with Germany in Ipos
to-badah objection to an alliance changed, strong card in the Cho also have to insist that the if possiblits, ultimate disposition should with Britain, but thought it was a mistaken hands of the Japanese Government in con of municipal reventie as was mi sare tion of railways should be
should be treated as a source be fitted into a general scheme of unifica policy at that moment. Becaring the per ducting negotiations for the first treaty before the advent of the Japanese military mission of the Emperor, he hurried to has disappeared from the board. Bussisministration. Any further alienation free of likid and other inland taxation.
*(8.) "The railway be perpetually Europe, the ostensible explanation of his is to-day not an alternative suitor with
entirely new principle in Cigarette Mai
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(Contimed at foot of neat column) || Japan Chronicle,
(Continued at foot of next column.) | taized.
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