1920-01-15 — Page 2

THORNYCROFT

Joar L THORNYCHOPT & CO., LIMITED,

SHIPBUILDER AND ENGIYRE,

LONDON, SOUTHAMPTON AND BASINGSTOKE.

"

Shanghai Office: 65, Szechuan Road.

MARINE MOTORS AND MOTOR BOATS. MOTOR LIGHTING AND PUMPING SETS. SHALLOW DRAFT STEAMERS. THORNYCROET GIL FUEL SYSTEM.

Commercial, High-speed and Pleasure Craft.

THORNYCROFT WATER-TUBE BOILERS. THORNYCROFT MOTOR VEHICLES.

Car Motor Engineer and our Naval Architect, both Thornycroft experts" now resident in Shanghal, will give attention to all inquiries.

Early deliveries can be malt of ishhp, bhp, 15bhp, and 70-bhp. Kerosene Marine Engines.

1)

RR ROXBURGEL

Manager for China,

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, JANUARY 15TH, 1920..

119

"MELACHRINO

(Egyptian Cigarettes)

Famous the world over

FOR QUALITY.

Prices for 100's tlas

No. 4

$3.75 No. 9

No. 5.

3.25 No. "C".

$2.25 3.50

No. 8-

2.25 Imperiales

We also recommend

3.50

SUNSET LIMITED 888 and ROB ROY: Virginia

Ugarettes

A fine and delightful

smoke;

; none nicer.

TABAQUERIA FILIPINA.

10. DES VŒŒUX ROAD, C.-

HOTELS

IN JAPAN.

MANCHURIA

JAPAN HOTEL'ASSOCIATION.

13 JAYAN PROPER

Shuzaji (Mkko)

Beketide Hotal-

Kamakura

Kaki Hotel

Karuizawa

Labe

Kri

Ma Hotel Oriental Hotel

Tor Hotel

Kyoto Hotel

Katsuckin

Fach Hotel Mirajins

lynis Hotel

Miyanomálta

* Nota

Air

Nara Hotel Nikko

Kanaya Hoiat Nikko viel

Dvaki

Osaka total Khimarock)

San-yo Hotel

Xhizuoka

Datokwa tal

Токто

Imperial Hotel

Takro Ntation Rodel-

........ Trakiji Szlyeken Hotel

Yokohama

Grand Hotel

IN. TAIWAN (FORMOSA)

“Talkoku~Taiwan Kellywy Hotel

Kello (Beval) Chosen distal Tada Pasam Statica Hotel aninglake—Skinntakin Himlion Boint!

Tamale Hct

Tema Hotel

TI WAKOGUBIANA

Kotex (Make)

Tamsta Botel

Kysjan (Port Ariker),

·Tamato Hotel"

FREE DISTRIBUTION

---

Handy

Chaide

Book

to Japen.

Apply to

the Secretary

Track

Dept

Imperi Clevermeat Railways.

Tokyo

When

writing.

(03

SUB

33

BRITISH TR.DE IN CUÎNA. of the cons, price, or a deduction from PAPER BY DR. H. B. MORSE, LLD.he price realised. Moreover, he had

ken his ships from about 310 a tor to secured a reduction in the pars charges

At a meeting of the Royal Society of Arts, hold on November 25th, Dr. H. B. Morse, LL.D., ex, Statistical Secretary, Inspectorate-General of Chinese Customs read a paper on "British Trado in China.**

Mr. Byron Brenan, C.M.G., presided, and briefly introduced the lecturer, who, in the course of his paper, said:

י

&

INTIMATIONS

WANTED

·SSISTANT FOREMAN

BOILER

if a tal (two-thirds of a dollar) & ton. A MAKER (British) for Shipbuilding These facilities, together with the open-Works. Applications must state age, experi

of five ports, the abolition of mono-

ence, and salary required, in first instance- poly, and an appearance of protection

otherwise no notice taken. to their trade, brought in by degrees nume

Apply- bers of competitors from the nations less adventurous than the English and Ame ricaas; but for some years the effect of this was not very marked

Box 291 Care of "Daily Press* Offles.

WANTED.

993

BUROPEAN JUNIOR ASSISTANT for Shipping Olica Previous experience ot essential. Apply to

Box No. 203, Care of" Daily Free" Office.

TO LET

SHOP in Nathan Road, Kowloon,

Apply to-

903

A review of the past show, that Eng land was relatively late in entering the China feld, being indeed procoded by already forging ahead of Canton-of the In 1852, at Shanghai-which was Portugal, whose first ships arrived at shipping entered, the British were 103 of Cinton in 1517. The men of Amsterdam 38,40 tons (averigo 375), the Americans and Rotterdam came next,, and "it won of 33,532 tona (average 680),' and all net until 1637 that the first English other fags 13 of 3,213 tons. vessols reached. Canton. About 1700 the British chipping at Shanghai was 73,131 In 1855 English East India Company began to tam, American 40,702 tons, and all other send sporadic ships more or less every fings 22,957 tons. In 1846, at Canton, year. The French sent their first ship in the shipping entered was-British 58,550 1600, to be followed by other Europeu tona, American 29,089, and all-other anga States, and befors the end of the gh 5,737 tons. In ass the shipping entered teenth century every flag of Western and cleared at all ports of Chios had a Europe was represented.

tonnage of 6,638,483 tons, of which the British was 2,562,314 tons; the Amerienn 2,609,300 tons, the several German States (Breman, Hamburg, Hanover, Lübeck, Mecklenburg, Odenburg, and Prussia) MED Furnished Bangalow at the together 560,570 tons, and all other flam 633,311 tons.

British trade became very soon the dominant element of the Chaton fao tories." More Intitude, more relaxation from the strict monopoly, was granted to British merchants than to those of other nationalities The East India Company continued to arrogate to itself the sole right to trade, both inwards and outwards, between Canton and England- in fact, between Canton and all ports west of the Cape of Good Hope; but it granted to British merchants, not only the English, but also the Parsecs, Jess Bengals and others of Calcutta, Bombay, Madras and other ports; hoces to “engage in the "country trade between Canton and ports east of the Cape of Good Hope. Apart from this relax, clase monopoly was the rule on both sides, for foreigners and for Chiness

Into this world of monopoly came the intrusive free-trading Americans in 1874, the first year in which an American ship ander the American flag could, cross the occas in comparativa salety.

"

CHINA'S EXPORTS." In tea China had a monopoly of "gup- plying Western markets, practically through the whole of the second phase. At the end of the phase. in 1967, Japan and India together supplied 10 per cent, and China.00 per cent,, but up to 1850 China supplied the whole

days of monopoly, had never exceeded. Baw silk, ander the last years of the 010,000 lb., but during the first three years after the English zonopoly had been removed, rose to an average of 1,400,000 lb. a year. Then the Chinese monopoly was removed, and Shanghai, the natural outlet of the principal silk die trict, was opened to foreign trade; and in 1969 the export was 3,575,000 lb. Thes the Taiping rebellion spread over the luxury products, and the supply increas Empire, cutting off the home demand for ed until in 1858, in the midst of the war between China, and England, the export war 0,609,600 lb.; and even in 1867, a year of depressed trade, it amounted to. 5,040,000 lb. in addition to shipments of 304,000 lb. of woven silk.

BRITISH TONNAGE PREDOMINATES. In 1751 British ships were generally found in the majority; forty years later British sonnage represented 75 per cent. and the Americana, in the sixth year of their trade, 14 per cent. From this time the French Revolution and the subso queat ware drove the other Bags sway for twenty-five years, and left the trade 1887 tes and silk of all kinds were entirely to the English and (except in the

years 1813-1815) to the Americans walod at Tls. 3,408,400 all other ex- shared it roughly in the proportion af pork to forage countries (including three to one. This predominance the Hongkong) were valued at Tls. 4.397,312, two naticha cever lost in the Canton lacking a total of Tls. 57,805,713, tory days, even after the Establishment of peace allowed the other nations to return. In 1833 the British fag had over three-fifths of the trade of Canton (which as China) the American a third; the other flags also ran.”

The problem of the merchant of that day was the dollar-the price at which it could be laid down; for the Chinese would take no other specie than the silver dollar, and that must be a Spanish dollar, and in the first half of the nine teenth century it must be of the mintage of Charles IV. (1758-1503). At the outset Europe had few goods to send-low that the Chinese wanted and every ship had to take what silver was required to buy m.cargo of ten and silk,

The English traders were the first to extricate themselves. While the Chinese would not take a larger quantity of Eng lish products, it was found that they would take two Indian products-cotton and opium. This by degrees placed the English trade on a sound basis econo- mically, and the English ships ceased to bring specie, except occasionally, from about 1515.

HUMPHREYS ESTATE & FINANCE

CO., LTD., Alexandrs, Biding

TO LEE

66

Prat from early March. GODOWN, No. 18, Burrows Street, to let from February Ist. Apply to--

LINSTEAD ́ & DAVIS,

10

FOR SALE

las

MOUNT GOUGH* No. 11, T

PEAL & Boomed House with

Large Gardon

Apply-

LOILEY & C York Buildings

FOR SALE

S

Fi

115

CRAIGMIN WEST No. 181, The

Price Moderate. PLAK 5-Roomed House with

Garden

LANE, CRAWFORD & CO. {188

SEAMEN'S INSTITUTE.

IL, FRAYA EAST, HONGKONG.

the use of all Men of the Mercantile Marine and HLM. Navy.

4:

Beading and Writing Rooms, Billiard Boom, Officers Room C.P.0.1, Room, Restaurant, Concert Hall; Church

Private Cabins and beds in Dormitories. Motor Launch * Dayspring?

[78

NOTICES TO CONSIGNEES

"SHIRE" LINE OF STHAMERS, LTD. NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM, Erc. THE Motorship

TH

"GLENAVY* haring' arrived from the above porti. Com- algues of Cargo by her are hureby informed that all Goods are being landed at their risk into the hardous and/or extra hasardoną Godowns of the Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company, Limited, hance, and/or from the whares, delivery may be obtained. Goods not

cleared by Jan 15th, 1930,

will be subject to rent.

All broken, chafed and damaged packages are to be left in the Godowns where they

examined Goddard

be

Douglas, on Jan. 15th, 1990, at 10 AM

Claims against the Stamer must be presented within 30 days of arrival, otherwise they will not be recognized.

No Fire Insuranos will be affected by us in Any case whatever.

Bils of Lading will be scauntersigned by

JARDINE MATHESON & CO, LTA

Agents

Hongkong. January 8th 1920.

NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES.

AND

(207

OCEAN STEAM SHIP COMPANY, LTD. CHINA MUTUAL STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY, LTD, YONSIGNEES per Company's Steamer

"DEMODOCUS"

ára bereby notified that the Cargo will be discharged into Holt's Wharf, Kowloon, where it will lie at Consignee's risk. The Cargo will be ready for delivery from Godown on and after Jan:

Optional cargo will be landed, unless notice has been given price to steamer's arrival.

broken,

chafed, and damaged goods are

Al

to be left in the Godowns, where they will be examined on any Tuesdays and Fridays between the hours of 10.45 am, and Noon within the free storage period.

No claim will be admitted after the Goods have left the steamer's Godown and all goods remaining undelivered after Jan. 19th, will be subject to reat

presented to the undersigned on or before All Claims against the Steamer must be Feb. tud, or they will not be recognised. No Fire Insurance will be affected.

BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE,

Agenta. Hongkong, January:llib, 1920. - [128 INDO-CHINA STEAK NAVIGATION COMPANY, LIMITED. NOTICE TO CONSIGNEE8, FROM CALCUTTA, PENANG AND SINGAPORE

THIE Steamship p

having arrived from the shova Porta: Carigreen "FOO KRANG "

Goods are being landed at their risk into the of Cargo by her are hereby informed that all hamardour and or extra hasardous Godowns of the Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Co., Ltd, whence, and/or from the whirren- deliver may be obtained.

Goods not cleared by the 17th Jan., will be anbjset to reat.

In the methods by which: these exports were paid for, opium stands first in im portance. The quantity known to have entered into Chinese consumption in 1857 was 103,000 est, valued at Tls, 44,018,076, The next item is cottons, with the sur- prisingly high value of Tl. 14,817,963. Woollens from England had increased to FROM BAN FRANCISCO, via JAPAN be presented within 10 days of rival, otherwise

Tls. 7,391,294 by the end of the second phase.

Metals only totalled small amounts, but the total value of all im- ports aggregated about Tis. 81,283.241.

In 1837 foreign traders at Shanghai were compelled by exchange factuations which was represented by the dollar, and to abandon their standard of currency, for it to enhetitute a standard of Chinese currency which was represented by

Ounces (teels) of silver.

THE CURRENCY PROBLEM.

NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES 8.S. "WEST INSKIP VOX-1-OUT

PORTS, SHANGHAI and MANILA. THE above-mentioned vessel having arrived Condignos of cargo are hereby informed the above-mentioned Pork, that their Cargo will be landed at their pany's Godowns at West Foint and stored as risk into the Pacific Mail Steamship Com Cabaigneer risk.

Consignees of Cargo are hereby notified that they must produce an Import Permit, signed by the Superintendent of Imports and port Hongkong, before Bills of Lading can be countersigned. All bedien,

chafed and damaged goods are to left in the Godown where they will be Esmizad

on Jan 14th, ab. 10 am, and Jan. 15th

st 10 AM. All Claims must be presented within a wosk of the Boazor's arrival hera, afíer which they cannot be recognised.

32

No Claim will be admified after the "Goods have left the Godowns and all Goods remaining. delirered after Jan. 18th, will be subject

to rent.

No Fire Inturanos whalerer will be adfected. Consignees are requaried to send. In khadr for counter-signature Bill of Lading PACIFIC MAIL STEAMSHIP COMPANY immediately.

As Operator, U.S. SHIPPING BOARD

Hotel Mansions. Hongkong, January 9th, 1920

early day was the dollar-the price at The problem of the merchant of the which it could be laid down; for the Chinese would take no other specie than the silver dollar, and that must be a Spanish dollar. For centuries almost the foreign trader scrambled for every Carolus dollar that they could lay their The monopoly of trade between England hands on in every market of the world; ard China enjoyed by the East India Europe was scraped for dollars until it Company was abolished and the trade was scraped dry: dollars were poured thrown open from April 22nd., 1834 The into Shanghai-a million a month at first phase of the China trade ended first, ultimately 20 millions in 1858, and nominally in 1834, actually in 1812 It 18 millions in 1957-but they disappeared was a period of slow communications, into the roid as it stream of water is when foresight and intelligent thought acked into the thirsty sands of a desert. were required of the merchant, and when The Carolus dollar had an intrinsic supplies were ordered for future value of is 2d, but for buying exchange market and not to meet an existing dets normal value was from 4s. 6d. to 48. mand. The ship which brought the goods10d, the fference representing the cost, brought also the merchants' advices; and including interest, of carrying them to in 1839, at a critical time when speed Shanghai. In 1862 the current rate for THE was imperative, important despatcher six-menthe bills on Landen did not ex took from five to even months from seed 45. 8d., which was 19 per cent, pre Canton to London. Just as the phase, mium over the intrinsic value, until the was passing steam communication was.

cod the year, when it rose to 22 per introdued by the overland route cant. After the fall of Nanking it rose across the Isthmus of Bucz, and maila rapidly until before the of September, came at what seemed to the traders 1953, it was at no less than 80 per cent lightning speed. ****

premium. It fell again, but never below. DEVELOPMENTS DURING THE RECOND PHARE shipping tea and silk, the rate roze again 50 per cent. premium, until in 1836, for The second phase may be taken as to 86 per ant premium. The situation ending in 1867. It was the period of the became intolerable, and, in the end, the tast-niling tea clipper, when the mer foreign traders in Shanghai were driven chant's goods went by sailing ship, and to abandon their standard of currency bis advices by steamers but the telegraph which was represented by a coin, the cable reached Shanghai only in 1871 dollar; and for it to substitute a standard Foresight was still required and resped of Chinese currency which was represent its proper reward; but the merchanted by no coin, but only by ounces (teels) could now partially correct, his errors of of silver. The anomalous situation is judgment, through having speedier mail shown by the fact that, on a designated communication. On the other hand, is day in April, 1857, the banks at Shanghai still, prior to the opening of the Spearodited bir customers with a tael Canal, took from four to seven monthsining 625 grains of fine silver in for his goods, imports and exparte, to palange for sach dollar, containing 3743 reach their market. The period was one graine, standing to their credit of great disturbance, and of great com The course of exchange in China is marcial opportunities for profit and for ellected by two factors; the supply and demand for bills to be negotiated, is in But the dominating feature was the all exchange markets; and, for exchange fact that, from 1843, there was a known botween Chins and gold-asing countries, moderate, pablished customs tarim on the quotation for silver in terms of force; and that the foreigner paid his gold. own duties as a tax and xot·ss a part

(Contrated on page 3).

PENINSULAR::

ORIENTAL STEAM NAVIGATION CO.

AND

STEAM FOR STRAITS, CEYLON, BOMBAY, EGYPT, MEDITER. BANEAN PORTS & LONDON. Through Bills of Lading Issued for Batavian, American, Continental, and South African Porte

TH

Homeward Mall Steamer carrying His Majesty's Hall will by

DUNERA MAK despatched from this port about JANUARY 15, 1990, taking Cargo for the above Ports Passenger accommodation in the connecting reusel if available, secured before departure from Hongkong.

Londra

and London (under arrangement) will be Silk and Valuable Cargo for Italy, France conveyed by this Steamer proveeding to Bombay, and there transhipped to the

Steamer for

13 Noom the day before sailing. The contents We Parcels will be received at the Office until and value of all packages are required.org

For further particulara, salling dates, etc. Apply

MACKINNON, MACKENZIE « Co.

Arents. 0.8. NO Dew Tour Road Cantral

For Box 112

All broken, chafed and damaged packages ETD

bo

be

left in the Godowns, where they will examined. Claima against the steamer meat they will not be recognized.

No Fire Insurance will be effected by us in Bogense whatever.

Bills of Lading will be countersigned by TARDINE, MATHESON & Co., I

General Managers, Hongkong, 12th January, Uso (9:30

NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES. THE P. & O. B. N. Co.'s Steamer

*NAGOYA" Arrived Hongkong, on January 12th, 1990. FROM LONDON, MALTA, PORTSAID

"COLOMBO & STRAITS. Consignees of Cargo by the shore their goods are being landed and placed named vessel are hereby informed that nd their rich in the Hongkong and

Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company's

Godowns a Kowloon, where each consign. ment will be sorted out Mark by Mark sad delivery can by obtained as the goods are landed.

Optional goods will be landed here un- less instructions have been given to the contrary,6 hours before arrival of the steamer N

Goode not cleared within eight days, in- elnding date of arrival, will be subject to rent N

No Fire insurance will be effecte

affected by

in any case whatever: Damaged packages must be left in the Godowas for examination by the Con- Mesars, Goddard & Douglas, at 10 am, signees, and the Company's RILEY®YOTS, on Mondays and Thursdays. ACT

All claims must be presented within ten days of the Steamer's arrival bere after which date they cannot be recognised.

No claims will be admitted after the goods have lets the Godown. MACKINNON, MACKENZIE & CO.

Agent, Degre THE “GLEN" LINE LTD.

Hongkong, January, 12th. 1920-

1239

For BOSTON & NEW YORK,

SUEZ CANAL

Steamship

GLENSHANE”

will leave Hongkong for the above porta during the

SECOND HALF OF JANUARYŠ For freight and further particulars, apply JARDINE, HATHESON & Co., Lan