1920-01-08 — Page 3

INTIMATIONS

THE CHINESE MERCHANTS (BANK, LIFEED

NOTICE OF REMOVAL.

THE store Bank has this day been REMOVED to ALEXANDEA BOLLU Chater Road, the premises recently vested by the Facile Mail Btshmehip Comu

[104 Hongkong, January 3rd, 1920.

THE WEST POINT BUILDING COMPANY, LIMITED.

11

FINAL REPORT ON THE DARDANELLES.

CONDUCT OF OPERATIONS. SEARCHING CRITICISMS.

In March, 1917, the British Govern- met published the first report of the Dardanellos Commission dealing with she origin and inception of the Gallipoli expedition. In the following December the Commission, presented their anal TOTICE IS BEREBY GIVEN thart, covering the remaining part of the THIRTY SECOND ORDINARY their inquiry, which concerned the actual MEETING of SHAREHOLDER in this conduct of the operations, the dupply and Company will be held at the Offices of LIMITED, ON WEDNESDAY, JANUARY LITH 1932 At 11 o'clock A., for the purpose of receiving the Report of the Directors together with a Statement of Account for the year ending 31st December,

of the Com- The REGISTER SHARES O pany will be CLOSED from THURSDAY, January 1-t to WEDNESDAY, January 1th, 1920, (both days inclusive), during which period no Transfer of Shares can be Registered.

HONGKONG DAPET PRES

THURSDAY, JANUARY 8TH, 1920.

THEATRE

INFLATED CURRENCY.

פו

Merry Jading, "M «They&. COMPANY, { equipment of troops, the provision made troops not only suffered heavy loss during tion of export, of gold, which is equin

much to fear from the fat trajectory gun the Navy... Sir John de Bobeck subsequently sent a telegram on May 9th....?

A RESERVE OF NOTES. 1913, to the Admiralty, in which be re- marked: "The Nawy is of small isist-

Mr. Edwin Cannan writes to the Times: ance when it is a matter of trenches and Many of your correspondents on the cur machine-gunu, and the check of the Army rency desire the immediate collection of is due to those factors." It will be soon guld sa a backing for currency notes. that, the condition which the General But is it not fairly obvious that a gold Rtad had laid down in 1906 as being s reserve against a not issue is useless sential to the success of a military enter

long as the gold cannot be paid out, and that it cannot be paid out as long as incapable of fulfilment; and though Birthe notes are not equal in value to the prise on the Gallipoli Peninsula was John de Robeck's views about naval gur gold they are supposed to represent So fre were of great imprtanes, we cannot long, for example, as it takes 23. find that they were taken into serious pound notes to buy 20 sovereigns imme consideration, or communicated to the cliately outside the country we may be

allowed to make the profit involved iaf War Ofice.

notes Landings took place at Helles and sovereigns at par and exporting the

presenting

for payment Anzac with disappointing results. The sovereigns (Hence the present probibi disembarkation, but subsequently were font to inconvertibility of notes).

The unable to advance beyond a short distance use of a gold reserve against notes is to from the beach, or to establish them- ensure convertibility, and if convertibi solves on the high ground which, the lity into freely exportable and meltable Turks had occupied and entrenched. Our gold is not and cannot be present, a gold forces on the peninsula weru in the poresis immobilized and for the me- small areas on the fringe of the shore, tion of isolated garrisons confined to ment, aseless. and engaged in trench warfare against as themy posting freedom of movement, advantages of ground, and the power of concentration and rapid reinforcement. Our garrisons fought bravely and loat heavily, but were unable to make any substantial advance.

By Order of the Board of Diretors,

A SHELTON HOOPER.

Secriar 10

THE HONGKONG LAND INVESTMENT

& AGENCY Co., LTD. General Agents for the WE POT BUILDING CO. LAD.

[149 Hongkong, December 24th, 1912

for the sick and wounded, and the res ponsibility of those Government Depart: meat whose duty it was to minister to the wants of the forces engaged. This document, publication of which was de ferred for obvious reasons, was given to the world last month as reported at the time in our cables. The full text is now to hand.

The Commission deal at length, with overy phase of the campaign, in the con- duct of which, on the part of those in authority, both at home and at the front, they find much ground for criticism. The report is signed by Mr. Justice Pickford (now Lord Sterndale) (chrirman) Field- Marshal Lord Nicholson, Admiral of the HONGKONG BOXING Fleet Sir W. E. May, Sir Thomas a

kenzie, Mr. Stephen L Gwynn, and Mr. Walter, Roche. Mr. Andrew Fisher, who was unable, owing to his official duties, to take an active part in the inquiry. does not sign the document

ASSOCIATION..

וי

President: His Excellency Sir R. Srums,

KUMO. Governor. Chairman: His Honour Sir WILLIAM RIS

At. "The

Davis, K.C. Chief Justice.

TOURNAMENT.

+

Sir Thomas Mackenzie adds a memo randum on certain aspects of the inyes tigation on which he takes a stronger view Fing Volunter Headquarters than his colleague Parade Ground (adjoining Lower Peak Trams Station) Specialy constructed Matabed, capable ut bolding 2,06% · FRIDAY AND SATURDAY, JANUARY Bra and 107, 1920. Novices Competitions and Championship

Contest. FRIDAY, JANUARY 9TH, at 7 PM

Doors open at 6 PX Preliminary Bouts and Semi-Finals in Novices Competitiona.

NO PREVIOUS BOOKING.. Cash on Admission.

Prices 82, 81 and 50 cents. No half-price sesta

往

SATURDAY, JANUARY 10TH,

at 9.15 PM. Sharp.

(6) FINALS in Norices Competitions. (b) SLX BOUND WELKERWEIGIAU!

CONTEST

Between CER. A. Badson, Kowloon Torpedo" Bepot, Stoker May, HMS. "Cardio"

(0) TEN - ROUND FEATHERWEIGHT

CONTEST

Between Stoker Neal, Kowloon Torpedo Depor

and

Seaman Webb, BMS.“Ambrose."

(d) FIFTEEN ROUND CONTEST for the WELTERWEIGHT CHAMPION- SHIP of the COLONY

Between Bergt "Sky" Kerrison (Holder)

and

Seaman Parsons, H.M.S

Ambrose (Challenger), Doors open at 8,30 PM

Prices - Reserved 85 and #3. unreserved $2 and $1. Men of HMS NETAI and Military Forces in uniform, half- price, to $2 and 1 seats. BOOKING AT HOUTRIES, as follows

Wednesday, January 7th-Members of the Thurgong Boxing Association only

to 8 turday, January 8th and 6th General Booking.

RN

Judges Lt Col LoRISO, Major RAPSON, LE, ANDELL, H.N. and Lt. DICKINSON, Referees: Mesura. H. J Goda (Official Beferee) W. LOGAN, A. MURDOCH and J. S. McCARS..

4. G. N. TINSON, Hon. Secretary,

J. C. WILDIN, Manager.

SPECIAL

MUSICAL

150

CEA

WISEMAN'S CAFE

MISS SHIRLEY COOKE

and...

MR. GEORGE TITCHENER

on

Friday, January 9th.

epertoire

These popular Artistes of the "Vanity Fair" Co, will give

selections from their

between 5 and 6 o'clock. Admission to Dance Hall 50 cents.

M: GOODALL

Manager.

*

ROYALE

THE GREAT SUCCESS IN THE FAR EAST.

COMMENCING Jan. 8th.

COMMENCING

Jan. 8th,

The Russian Opera Company arriving sooner than expected, it found possible to open their season on Thursday the stb inst. instead of the 9th. The Company will present "Carmen therefore on the 8th, and tickets may be had at Mostris & Co. This arrangement does not in any way affect the previous arrangement for "Carmen" on the 4th inst and is an entirely extra programme, "Carmen" being played twice during the seaSÓN.

THE

RUSSIAN GRAND OPERA Co.

Further, is is reasonable to recommend either the Government or the Bank to buy gold for this purpose when the price of gold is such that 238 or thereabouts would have to be given for the gold where. with to make a movereign. The intention Jan. being to bring the £1 note and “the sovereign to an equality, it would be ex- tremely silly to buy gold before tha equality is brought about.

TROOPS UNEQUAL TO TASK.. Sir Ian Hamilton made ancafort to Now I find that when it is proposed to extricate his troops from the trench war reach that aquality by the simge process fare in which they were entangled by of the Treasury ceasing to 183 addi mass of the combined operations at the tional notes, and burning some of the beginning of August. These operation already existing issue as they come in failed, partly because the Turka were too the question is often asked. But what strong, partly because some of our troops would then happen when back with a task assigned them, partly through and drew sad their leaders were unequal to them to its credit at the Park of Ear- a cheque and end it wanted shortage of water, and partly because the a million.

currency notes 1" The idea plan was defective. The description of in the mind of the questioner is that it the ground on the northern and north-

is obvious that the demand can only be western slopel of Sari Bahr, and of the additional notes.

satisfed by the Government printing billa to the north and east of Suvla Bay million notes bo supplied from a stock load us to the conclusion that in the plan of old notes in the same way as a similar But why cannot the of operations too little importance was demand for sovereigns was supplied be attached to natural difficulties. Wefore the war from a stock of existing doubt whether it was prudent or advan sovereigns 1 Before the war the Bank

tageous to order night advances through a million in gold out of the mines

The findings of the Commission are set out in full below, but their main conclus sions may be shortly stated as follows:

From the outset the risks of failure outweighed the chances of success.

The conditions of the problem were so difficult a country, especially when n not fully investigated, and there was complate preliminary reconnaissance had no correct appreciation of the nature teen or could have been made. In hardly and difficulties of the enterprise, which any case, either at Anzac or Suvla, wore were much underestimated

Success was possible only an condi-jectives at or near the time mentioned in the troops able to reach the specified ob- tion that the Government concentrated the plan. on the enterprise and limited their efforts on the Western front. This con dition - wie zuver fulfilled.

Undue delay in deciding on the future course of the operations followed the failure of the first attacks.

I was not in the habit of specially every time a bank asked for a million of currency: it kept a reservoir of gold sufficiently full to be able to satisfy much substituted for gold in the circulation. demands. When currency notes were

Esimilar reservair of these notes should of the plan was delayed, and this delay to prevent every demand for a little extra Thus from the beginning the execution has been formed and maintained suffi

ciently fall by ordinary banking methods caused a loss of cohesion and co-operation currency having to be satisfied by the heat, want of water, and difficulties of by the fact that the Carrenor, Notes Act among the skocking units. In spite of printing press But perhaps confused The plan of attack from Antae and tions appear to have fought well and inTown, neither the Treasury nor the Bank ground, the troops with very few excep intended notes to be issued by way of Suvla was open to criticism; the failure to press the attack at Suvla is attrim instances heroically; but after of England seem to have formed such a buted to a want of determination and effort they became exhausted and in the

accessive nights and days of strenuous reservoir. In fact, the weekly returne competence in the Divisional Com-urgent need of rest and reorganisation the

does not appear to admit that mander and one of his brigadiers.

without large reinforcements nothing the one institution in the country which is diffult to believe that it further could be attempted. Even with can do without the most commonly tised large reinforcements it had becoms in areasingly evident that no substantial success could be achieved without an over whelming preponderance of high-angle and high explosive fre upon the Turkish entrenchments which confronted par positions on the shore."

It would have been wall it, after the first landings, Sir Ian Hamilton had examined the situation in s more critical spirit, and submitted to the Secretary for War arguments for and against continuing the operations.

The decision to evacuate was right, and should have been acted on immed

ately Sir Charles Munro's advice had been confirmed by. Lord Kitchener.

The operations were, hampered throughout be the failure to supply sufficient artillery and munitions, and to keep the force up to strength.

Many minor frontal attacks were made without sufficient artillery pre- paration, and entailed unnecessary loss of life.

Through lack of organisation and provision, there was serious lack of water for the troops at Anzac and Suvia..

DIFFICULTIES NOT REALISED.

of

The losses, too, had beat to heary that portes a single currency note,

CUTION Y

What I should like to know is whether the immediate formation at the Bank of England of a substantial banking reserve

currency notes collected from the exist ing circulation (not created for the pur pose by further use of the printing-pres) would not be the best way of causing that contraction of the circulation which is necesary to bring 81 sterling to a par ith gold, without preventing the occa sional factiations in the total of the cir culation, which are wholesome and neces

Viewed as a military enterprise which was undertaken not as a surprise, but after ample warning had been given to the enemy of the probability of a land attack, we are of opinion that from the cutest the risks of failure attending the expediary. tion outweighed its chances of success. The conditions of the problema, so far as we can judge, were not fully investigated opinion the abandonment of the Gallipoli in the first instance by competent - Peninsula would be disastrous. On the perts, and no correct appreciation of the other hand. Sir Charles Monro strongly nature and difficulties of the task arved its expediency and feasibility, and Medical arrangements were defective volved was arrived at. In the absence of this view, though at first distasteful to and insuficient, especially the provi- auch appreciation the authorities respon- Lord Kitchener, was afterwards accepted sion for the evacuation of the wounded. sible for the expedition confidently ex by hire. At last the Government resolved Sir Thomas Mackenric severely erifi-pected that military action on the Pouin- withdraw from the Peninsula. cises the Inck of preparation on the part sula would be short and decisive, and

We of the War Office and calls further in-that after the Turkish defences had been decision. It was generals recognised think that this was a wise and courageous quiry into the evidence given that in cer- doctroyed and the Turkish guns disthat the evacuation would in all prob tain of the operations lives were used mounted the force which had been landed ability involve honvy loss in men and instead of abella"

would be available for such operations material. Besides this, stress had been in the vicinity of. Constantinople as laid on the irreparable damage to our In a brief review of the salient features might then set appropriate. The prestige in the Eastern world which of the expedition in their brond military strength of the opposition to our landing would attend our abandontent of the aspect, the, Committee state clearly the

on the Peninsula and the failure of our expedition. Fortunately, however, in grounds on which they base their opinion troops to make any material impression the result our loss proved to be that the risks of failure outweighed then the Turkish entrenchments which inappreciable, and hitherto ont prestige chances of success. -

hemaned them in came, "therefore, a

appears to have remained unimpaired. "We would first refer to the paper on surprise. The heavy losses and the re-

It has been represented in some of "the the possibility of a joint naval and mili-peated checks that were experienced evidened which has come before us that tary attack upon the Dardanelles, drawn to the end of July canned the authorities up by the General Staff at the War Office considerable anxiety, but they were from a military point of view the Dar- for the consideration of the Committee of naturally reluctant to abandon a project Hanelles Expeditior, even if unsuccessful, Imperial Defence and dated December the realisation of which would have had was justified by the fact that it neutra

lised or contained large number of 19th. 1906, in paragraph 8 of which the such far-reaching effects. following statement appears:

." The

The failure of the combined attack Tarkina troops who otherwise would have successful conclusion of a military enter early in August, from which mach had been free to operate elsewhere. Lord prise directed against the Gallipoli been hoped and for which large reinforos Kitchener estimated this number as being Peninaula, must binge upon the ability meats had been despatched from England, Turkish force we employed on the Penin nearly 300,000. But in containing the of the Fleet not only to dominate the was a severe disappointment to the sula and at Lemnos and Imbros 335,700 Turkish defence with gunfire, and crush Government and the country. Doubts their field troops during that period of are as to the ultimate success of the lers a total of at least 400,000.

officers and soldiers, besides Indian sold- belplessness which exists while an army expedition, and alternative couracs of casualties amounted to 31,389 killed, Our is ir actual process of disembarkation, acties come under consideration. It was 78,719 wounded, and 9,708 missing, mak- but also to cover the advance of the open to the Government, if the requisite ing a total of 113,848. The expedition troops once ashore until they could gain resources in the way of men, guns, and also involved heavy financial expenditure firm foothold, and establish themselves munitions were forthcoming, promptly to and the employment of a considerable upon the high ground in rear of the const strengthen the Expeditionary Force to naval force and of a large amount of mer- defences of the Dardanell However such an extent as would enable it to drive chant shipping. brilliant as a combination of war, and the Turks out of the Peninsula, or at least howover fruitful in its consequences such to atterapt to do so. Or our garrisons Taking these factors into consideration, an operation would be, were it crowned on the shore of the Peninsula might be We do not think that from ́à military with success, the General Staff, in view maintained in the positions they were standpoint our gair in one direction.com of the risks involved, are not prépared to ither occupying until the spring of 1918, pensated for our losses in other direc recommend its being attempted.

provided that the Turks did not bring tion. On the other hand, as stated in recent development of

These words were written before the heavy guna into play sad render these our interim report, certain important

deep trenches positions untenable; or steps might be political advantages were secured. flanked by hidden machine guns, con taken for the evacuation of the Peninsula conled howitzer batteries, and the other before the winter set in

A WIRE DECISION.

appliances of modern defensive warfare. Bir John de Robeck pointed out to Bir In Hamilton at their first interview on

There was much divergence of opinion March 17th., 1915, that the peninsula was in regard to these different courses, the rapidly being forlified, that all the land- General Stall at the War Office, which ing places were now defended by lines of by this time was in process of resuscita Geld, guas, and howitzers which could tion. To Sir Ian Hamilton such a step trenches and effectively commanded by tion, being strongly in favour of evacus not be located from the sea, that the Torks as evacuation was unthinkable, and he possessed anarchlights of the latest pat informed Lord Kitchener accordingly, tern which were akilfully handled, and On October 11th. Lord Kitchener also told that their troops were so ably disposed the Dardanelles Committed that in his and heavily entrenched that they had not" (Continued at foot of next column.)"

Our attention has been called to thei fact that in Paragraph 83 of our first report, we quoted "an extract from n in which ha referred to the changed atti statement made to us by Mr. Churchill tude of Lord Fisher towards the opera- tions at the Dardanelles Mr. Churchill's statement was, in fact, given as relating Lith." but to a much later period. While not to the period shortly after January willy make this correction, we wish bo add that the conclusions stated in the paragraph are in our opinion established by the evidence and are in no way wit isted by this correction.

تو

2

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"

Personal Representativë .. L. Feodoroff

ARTISTES 83

83

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SOLOISTS, CHORUS, ORCHESTRA & BALLET. Beginning from JANUARY 8th,

at 9.15 p.m.

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