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125

[48

FOTORE OF AVIATION. PRINCE OF WALES AND AMERICAN FLYING MEN.

HR. E the Prince of Wales honoured with his presence a unique gathering of Samous airmen and other distinguished guests at a luncheon given by Major- General Serly, head of the, Air Ministry. at the House of Commons, on July 5th.

The object of the gathering was twofold Erst, to hear from the Air Minister some- thing about the future of aviation, and, second, to meet airmen who have ́ won

fan by their exploits, notably Comman der, Read, bf the American seaplane N.C.. 4, which succeeded in crossing the Atlan. tie, and other officers of the United States. Seaplane Service.

12

WHO'S WHO IN THE U.S. SENATE.

"

THE POWER BEYOND THE

PRÉSIDENT.

(ST JOHN A. STEKLE)

Ask any ordinary Englishman what he knows about the United States Senate and

SCUTTLED FLEET.

given by the admiral afloat and the ad

DISCUSSION IN THE COMMONS.miral in Whitehall There is no distine- gion to be drawn between the advice given | by thun, two admirals. The hon and

QUESTION OF INQUIRY?

On the motion for the adjournment of the galant gentleman says they did not pur- House of Commons, on Jaño Mich, tom- sue the case with suficient rigour. What mander Bellairs said that when the First right has he to make that charged th Lord of the Admiralty made his statement has not produced one atour, of evidrace. " he will reply: Oh, it's the American the previous day about the sinking of the His policy here is to make vague charges House of Lords." Ask any ordinary Anie-German #ost he (Commander Bellaires without evidence. and then to fish about rican and he will say, "It represents the askeri two questions, and he could not say for evidence in the hope of gesting some interests." Ask an American lawyer or that he was satisfied with the answers,

Admission Frun the Ministry justifying a student of American polities, and be

The first answer seemed to be evasive him in his action. We have no righe to will tell you that it is the most powerful and he was certain that the second was review this case apart from the whole and independent, Degislaire body in the erronGOUS. The Arst question was as to penes negotiations. The hon, and gallaną 'world.

the circumstances under which the fierentleman asks us to challenge the action man feet was interned instead of sur of our delegates in Paris, and to do what rendered. The question was directed to he does, condemn them to say that they ascertaining whether we pressed our de- did not hold up England's end. You mand for surrender with vigour and have no right to extract this part ont of Major-General Seely, proposing the of mentimit to-day without vitupera determination. Since the Americans were the list of matters under discussion and health of Commander A. C. Read and his tion. They believe that it is anti-British criticising us in connection with the sink condemn our delegates because you think brave pilots who had been first to achieve that it is wrecking the chances of a sounding of the German fleet it was just is weil they have failed. The hon. and gallant --- the great feat of crossing the Atlantic by pence for the political interest of the the Hause should understand that it was

member makes some rather cheap gibes air, said there was bere ao trace of envy dominant party in American politics, that the American adient who asked for the about my answer to his question regard of them. (Cheers.) We full that they had Licognised to the it is out for American aggrandisement in

ing a court-marsial. To bolster up his. succeeded trade and power at the expense of Europe. interament instead of surrender. where We bad Kloriously failed.

I believe that the runjority of the Senate (Chet Commander (Friese Cheers narrower American sense but in the

is entirely patriotic not only world sense. It feels its responsibility and it is enraged, and perhaps caraged, because ic aas been

After the loyal toasts, to which the Prince of Wales responded in a felicitous

speech of a few sentences,

(Cheers.) They were

to see pre-

and he wished Mr. Hawker had bon

The importance of the Senate has been impressed on the world in general by its action in the last few weeks with regard to the peace negotiations at Paris. There

cre many of my English friends who can-

there, too, but he was so overcome by the evident

welcome he had already received that he was not well enough to come. Amongst Commander Read's colleagues were some who had made great long-distance Hights

Wilson

W were right. he thought. Le backrase he says we are in the habit of hair- demands, and being courts-martial into the loss of ships.

France in her military filling to bind us But he knows perfectly Well that thera

Salmond so like to have cc General but the cases are hardly parallel. If I calare, order, counter-order, and again:

%

tionation We were seeking

achievement.

Am not mistaken, the British Cabinet can conclude A treaty of peace without con- salting Parliament. President Wilson a treaty with a foreign Power without the cannot conclude the most trilling sort of consent of two-thirds of the Senate.

Americans have noticed that no senator has been asked to join the American peace delegation in Paris,

Not only has to senator been asced, but no member of the Republican Party, which now has a majority

Houses of Congress. President Wilson

must have Republican votes in the Senate if his treaty is to be approved by the Inited States.

The Senate is the smallest and most compact legislative body possessed by any of the Great Powers,

in

ים

ABOVE SUSPICION,

there were more emergency Fanding

29, Lieutenants of coun- P. and that the Senate will approve the

WISH AFTER THE EVENT.

Everyone knows that when the question was decided against surrender, and an favour of internment there was he pus

tured a German ship except in the cases of one or two submarines, and then t tempts at scuttling had been made.

Again, when the U-boats were sur.able method of preventing this. Would rendered, why was a difference made have been any good to turn our guns.

The hon. and gallant :rom the ships Why, also, on the critical the feet!

member told us that in the American day when the Germans were

French Press, it was suggested than und

have connived at it. I am very sorry to hear a British member of Parlimeni make that statement in our House. He realised he made a mistake, and went on to say that nobody believed it.. We are

seuttle their ships, was Admirti Freman at s? He had read in the newspapers te with his guarding squadron exercising that the scuttling was a good thing. No- first place, the Admiralty's suggestion was thing work could have happened. In the that the ships should be destroyed. very familiar with that form of state

It

I sent a communication to Paris to-day in which I said it was unthinkable that the British "people could have been guilty of such an act as to connive as the den- truction of the fleet anywhere, but, above ull in our own waters.

The hon, and gallant member asked me a series of... questions which require no answer. desired, I think, to make an attack on the British Admiralty and its naval avis. le did not make it here, he made it in an article in a newspaper.

*H

in our naval demands. With such agree is no comparison to be drawn between that ment he could not yederstand why ingat and what has happened now. It may be. demands were not-given-effect to and the and I hope it will be possible, anti-there- I may be told that Mr. Lloyd Georgeerman fleet was dat surrendered. Ap- tore our duty, to have a court-martial on also has flouted the British Parliament prently it was at case of the ofil gamut action of the German admira, bur He

that won't clear up the case the humour. who was the firet to fly to India.

zounter-order, with the effect that the able and gallant member is seeking to (Cheers) But they had Colonel Beatsy,

German feat. was settled under our very make against the British Board of Ad who had breakiasted in Madrid and had

eyes. He desired to know whether the miralty and against the Admind tone was rather early breakfast and a rather

but were virtually overruled. He main. tra in London on the same day. True, it

British adintrals, made hay final protest manding in-Chief in Scotland,

ints ten, but the uenievement was a re

rained that it, was possible to hold.a court- markable one, on which they aught to con

aartial into the whole facts of the loss

The hon. and gallan: member is very gratulate him.

Likewise there were pre

of the German feet Apparently the wise after the event. He seems to buvo sent Major Leslie, who flow from London

German belief that their ships were in-

loreseen on this particular day the Get- to Constantinople, and was the first to

terned and not" surrendered had turned. man admiral would have believed at By from London to Rome wonderful

the Armistice was at an erid, and that but to be correct. Why, when. the news- fest in mid-winter, and he believed it was

it true that a man who started to walk

walk got

Papers announced that the ships had been therefore this act of treachery would have I know the kin, and there almost as soon (laughter) Colonel

surrendered. did not the Admiralty cor. been committed. Porto, who had i record for flying boat

rect ghe, statement, lastead of making gallant member believes that if his advies.. their correction 28 days inter" bi the

were taken the British Admiralty and the feats unsurpassed by acy but that of Commander Read -- (cheura) — General

First Lord would look in any "one of the

British Navy would he much better Maitland, who had bad a 21 hours ent

newspapers he would find that they all managed than it is now, but I am pirs. tinuous voyage in the air, and they hoped

described it as surrender." Was therepared to defend Admiral "Fremantle would one day make a longer trip to ta

any doubt at any time that the Germans doing what was his ordinary duty. 1 de country which they all know--(cheers)-- The men who are leading the opposition would not scuttle the ships? The German not believe that anybody was in a posi Count de Zoppola, almost the only sur to the President are men whose charactererders were that the ships were never to betion to anticipate that on that particular vivor, he believed, of those who flew on and motives are above suspicion, and let surrendered. There was no case in the day the German Admiral would have the famous long is with the Italian it be said, are men who have been among whole of the war in which we had cap scuttled his fleet. ростк

Gabriele

Annunzio; as well as a the best friends of Britain in American number of other pilots who had done fine politics.

Heary Cabot Lodge, of Massachusetts, flying both in pence and war

Although they were celebrating the con- is probably the bearer of the name best quest of the Atlantic by Commander Read, known on this side of the Atlantic as 4 and great distance flights by others, there consistent worker for good Angio-Ameri

car relations. Philander Knox, of to be done in avia great deal yet We were a very long way from the Pennsylvania, an ex-Secretary of State

There s

is also a Arm friend an Anglo-Ameri to do, renta uniestanding William Burch, deal that our Government tout flow the Senate, but he has fought all his life is a comparatively new man in would do. He would like to make &

layman who knew for clean politics at home and good rein suggestions as EL

tions abroad. nothing about it-(laughter) but whCalifornia, who may be the Republican Hiram W. Johnson, of fawn great deal-in fact, be supposed candidate for President next year, is any be few more than

otheraymaa DY

hose thing but an Anglo-phobe. except perhaps, Mr. Churchill. whose

What, then, is the explanation of the faith should not be in doubt. There was

was necessary, therefore, that our good. 1 regret very much it has appear..

ed in either the French or American passion for the air he could not restrain. (Laughter.) It seemed to him that some

apparent outburst of

Frea Anglophobia among these men? The explanation is that they England that our good faith was in doubt, na question in the mind of anyone in things were very urgent, We must mark

arare first of all Americans, and they believe out our large areas. Our lighthouses

that President

but anyone who read the Press comments Wilson has given too much ought to have vertical beams, which he

in American, Italian, and French news. was told by Trinity House was not an Way, They believe that Britain has got papers could not help seving that our

all impul around. The average good given up nothing.

We must have that she wanted out of the war and American interesta,

Fleet was blamed for what had happened, more landing g Geld in England was 100 yards across, hudent Wilson, who, they declare, has

they believe,

been forgotten by Presi and the cry was the old one of per

We were also in fidious Albion." the lying machines designed to defeated the Munroe doctrine to go by the position of trust for the League of

allow, Which they

did in good style

to land, excet board, and no one who is not an American Nations. But, in addition, these who went they were piloted by men of superhuman can understand how dear that doctrine to Versailles were the guardians of the

kift.

Aviation would be greatly helped Americans.

renown and honour of the British Navy. I believe the situation will clear itself That renown and honour depended on the fact that the British Navy hail seldom grounds. tries and Chairmen of County Councils arty, but not perhaps until it is amend failed, in its history. Those who went to

If Lords

would get the

Sykes, be had no not, however, be in the direction of mak- nown a matter of compromiss in council.

ing it any

easier for the enemy... But doubt the result would be that many.

before it is adopted the President must the terms which the Admiralty seemed to It was unfortunate that they acceded to wandering airman would be saved who

convince two-thirds of a Senate which is otherwise would be killed. "Another prac composed of forty-seven Democrats, all of regard as rendering the scuttling of the tical way of making flying safer would

who do not see eye to eye with him, and

ships, inevitable. be for railway companies to paint the

Forty-nine Republicans who are to a man names of their stations on the roofs: that would often make all the difference against him and his policies.-res

Mr. Walter Long: 1 find it diffeült between success and failure, between suc

to understand why the hor, and gallant We ress and disaster. (Hear, hear-)

member has raised the question in this must also have good telephone comman

form. He makes speeches in this House cation between all the aerodromes. If

and writes articles in the newspapers, but whenever an airman was known to be

they do not always agree. He has no Aying in the dusk or the dark a vertical searchlight was thrown out indicating the

right to draw a distinction between the whereabouts of an aerodrome, the advan-Pinion the accidents were due to fire British Navy afoat and the British Navy an avoidable cause which ought to be ashore, His one obiect is to draw a dis would be very great.

cat. Further, we cured. needed good air maps. An sir map was order was propeller accidents. Propeller hall the First Sea Lord-end the ád-

The cause of accidents rext in tinction between an Admiral in White, came to be Navy as the totally different to a land map. He was accidents were absurd. That most simple miral commanding the Fleet The hon. engine of destruction which accounted for

by by pilots, and it was his experience also that by far the best landmark south rangement, the starter up, could get rid and gallant member began his remarksbut this story told to Admiral Sims by so many of the German undersen craft, not the great cathedrals, doubt all this was very line, but com by saying that I answered two questions Viscount Jellicoe is the first account of

per cent of these accidents. No of London Winchester, or hills showing mander Lead might ask "What are you reply was crasive and my second errone like that of

he addressed to me, and that my first the origination of the depth bomb idea. against the skyline, but the Long

Valley doing to that and The Air Ministry at Aldershot. For twenty

were doing all they could, by making

ous. I am aware of the fact that the hon. miralty, according to Lord Jellicoe, when It was first thought of at the Ad- weathers, that wonderful mice, in all de

yellow patch eve kind of

every could be sen

and gallant member does not accept my Admiral Madden, second in command of landmarks, as which were unreservedly at the experiment, the

of word as conclusive or even accurate, but the British fleet, called for some such well as rivers, bowever smal

I am content to let the question of my device after an encounter that a cruiser of water, that were wanted on all maps, "

had full authority for saying that the accuracy rest between the House and my REMEDIES POR ACCIDRATA.

pose of securing greater safety for our he has no right Lo accuse any Minister or cruiser and launched a money would not be lacking for the purself and the country and myself. I say. The German rose suddenly close to the he was aboard had with a submarine.

Airmen and maintaining our air sur member of being evasive unless he car from short range.

fortunately, ed to him to be a wise plan, and he hoped appoint & committee of dying me to substantiate the charge by something missed, and the cruiser was swung we should be able to have meteorological aircraft constructors and the Treasury, speech.

men and more definite than anything and rushed toward the enemy at like the charts which Admiral in order to find out the best way of spend- charts

in an endeavour to ram it. The German Wemyss issued for the use of navigators.ing money in seeking to minimise the He went on to tell us that he knows all water in time to save her, but as the commander, bowever, got his craft under (Hear, hear) The three things we want ed very badly in aviation were more safe appointed at once, and whatever they did; what the Americans did, and what leaning over the side could distinctly risk of lying. The committee would be the facts: that he knows what the French British ship went over him the officers t-much more safety more comfort, and recommended would be carried out to any the English did. Then why ask for in make out its outlines at some distance more economy. The other day he kave reasonable extent. (Cheers.).

formation? acci-

If he knows the French below the surface. some figures showing the number of dents, which came rather as a shock to GOOD WINNEER AND WONDERFUL LOBERA” fought their case, and that the Americanx Chagrined by the escape, one of Ad many people. It was

fact

that since the

took a particular line, why is it necessary mirul Madden's officers remarked that armistice up to that day the previous was very cordially greeted. He said this did what was right, and got what was

Commander Read, on rising to respond, to suggest here that every other country they would have got their prey if they week there had only been one fatal acer- welcome was an honour not only to them-

had had a mine to drop over the side R dent for

every 43,000 miles by any oth

flown. If they elves, but to the American navy, for the wanted, and the only country that failed they passed above her. set out to cover 43,000

which he had been engaged project un mode of travel and were told they would was entirely one of the Navy. Its success

was our own? The questions are address- Why can't we have something of ced not to my department, not against the that sort, replied the admiral; and im to survive they would probably was due to the immense amount of thought Admiralty or the advisers of the Admiral mediately forwarded the suggestion to the ed and surprised. (Hear, hear.)

Admiralty horga-riding involved risks The actual execution was a comparatively ducted the negotiations and decided the and preparation that was put into it. ty. His criticisms are really upon the Motoring and

offices, asking, that experts be hends of Government in Paris, who con-

put at work on the task of preparing which he should think were comparable small proposition. The crew of N.C. 4

specifications to those of flying Yet the figure was con

were fortunate in having been chosen and conditions.

Out of this episode," concluded Ad siderable, and we ought to do all we could very lucky to have succeeded. He would YAGUE CHARGES WITHOUT EVIDENCE.” «

mical Bime was developed the ash to reduce it. His technical advisers told like, if he was not too presumptuous, to

can loaded with TNT, with the aid of him that the cure was in lower flying congratulate the entire British people on speed and slower landing speed. Twenty their wonderful sportsmanship. The Bri- what was the advice of our naval advisers. Hun undersen force. The depth bomb and The question I was asked yesterday was protect great convoys and terrorise the which a few destroyers were enabled to four per cent of the fatal accidents in tish poople were good winners, but they. The hon. and gallant gontleman then the destroyer became the chief naval fac

(Continued at foot of next column.) were wonderful losers. (Cicers)

tried to differentiate between the advice tors of the struggle."-New York Herald.

and write to Geneion of landownersed in some vital particulars, which will Veranilles seemed to have made that re-

take

told

2

Great Britain were due to forced landing. Anybody who flew knew how difficult it was to get down, and he appealed to can structors to try and devise a remedy. Ten

of ve

It was and patches manufacturers and those who

In England we had an Air Ministry, and the Government had handed over meteorology to that Ministry. That seem

be

be

л.

NO

FIRST LORD'S REPLY.

".

All I can say about the inquiry is that we shall do what, we think right. The heads of our Government in Paris will decide in Paris what is the correct course to take. We are not be deflected "from and gallant member who makes assertions our course by action taken by an hon. to bolster up charges which he does not try to substantiate,

ORIGIN

OF DEPTH BOMBS. Rear-Admiral William R. Sims, who will become head of the War College at Newport, in an interview told for the first time how the now famous depth bomb, popularly known in the

ash

は

Much

been published about this efficient

at her

about speed

"