1919-07-11 — Page 2

Page

MOUTRIE

Have quality of lightness of

beauty จะ

TAE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, JULY 11TH, 1918.

PIAÑOS

tone,

touch,

design..

THE PIANO OF QUALITY,

specialized by years of

experience to withstand

the climate.

BACKED BY GUARANTEE FOR FIVE YEA¬S.

PRICES from $425.

CASH OR EAST TERMS.

S. Moutrie & Co., Ltd.

$

[32-5

TUBULAR TIES

In a large variety of patteras and. colours to sult every taste, These tles slide easily between the folds of stiff double collars, are very suitable for wear with soft doable collars, -Taexpensively priced at $100 each. Tubular washing tles in neat stripes, 40c each, 6 for $2.00

MACKINTOSH

& CO., LTD...

Wear Specialists,

Men's 16. DES VEUX ROAD.

Telophone 29.”

[48

When Kaiser Bill harnessed his War Horses and took Cup, mad canter in the race for the World Dominion the IMPERIO DEL MUNDO was lost to Hongkong Smokers, but now that Wilhelm is chewing the bitter cud and tramping of a World-wide Empire the Dutch Hooks, his dreams having gone up in smoke, Hongkong, lovers of a good puff have come to their own again, for their old favourite, the peerless

IMPERIO DEL MUNDO

is with us once more at

THE HONGKONG CIGAR STORE

CO. LTD.,

Hotel Mansions."

Tel. 151.

The sole proprietorship.of this Factory belongs to an American concern.

897

THE

CORONET

`July · 11th and 12th, 1919. Antonio Moreno

in

the Great Vitagraph production ALADDIN FROM BROADWAY"

All the world's the stage for this fine film, the scene of which ranges if not from China to Peru at least from New York to Mecca and Damascus. It is a picture that is well up to Coronet standard.

Usual Prices. Booking at ROBINSON'S.

1125

PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE TO

CONGRESS. TABOUR AND COMMERCE

on May 20th, was as follows: --

} Government.

11

I

payers,

STABLE TAXATLON. The main thing we shall have to care

The object of all reform in this essen-eem to indicate; for a very large pro possibility, and that it may have to be tial inatter must be the genuine demoera-portion of those sums were raised in order met by counter-legislation. This subject tisation of industry, based, upon a full that they might be loaned to the Clovern has, fortunately, been exhaustively inves recognition of the right of those who nents with which we were associated itigated by the United States Tarif Cons President Wilson's Address to Congress, wark, in whatever rank, to participate in the war, and these loans will, of course mission. A recent report of that Connis sotie organis way in every decision which constitute assets, not liabilities, and willion has shown very clearly that we lack, Gentlemen of the Congress.--I deeply directly affects their welfare or the part fast have to be taken care on by our fax and that we ought to have, the instr

ments necessary for the assurance of equal regret my inability to be present at the they are to play in industry." Some posi.

and equitable treatment. The attention opening of the extraordinary session of tive legislation is practicable. The Con the Congress.

It seems still to be my 7s has already shown the way to one

matter on past ocasions, and the mea duty to take part in the counsels of the reform, which should be world-wide, bor is that our tantion shall rest of the Congress has been called to this establishing the eight-hour day as the gry as posable na tia productive re- Pinar Conference, and contribute what standard day in every deld of labour over sources of the country, that its rates shalwar which are now recommended by the can to the selation of the innumerable which it can exercise control.

It has be stable, and that it saat be constant fariff Commission are substantially the We bave me that have been suggested by previous its revenue-yielding powere questions to whose settlement it has had sought to find the way to prevent child zound the main sources from which it Administrations. I recommend that this to addrew itself; for they are questions labour, and will, I hope and believe, pre-aust be drawn. I take it for granted that Phase of the tariff question receive the Will your not permit me. turning from whica anect the peace of the whole world, sently Bad it. It has served the whole its uninstays will henceforth be the ia attention of the Congress. atid from which, therelere, the United country by leading the way it develop-come-tax, the excess profits tax, and the States cannot stand past. 1-remed it ing the means of preserving and sate-state tax. All these can be so adjusted these matters to speak once more rund my duty to call the Congress together guarding life and health in dangerous to yield constant and adequate returns, very earnestly of the proposed amendment ut this time because it was not wike to industries. It can now help in the dif.and yet not constitute a to, grievens to the Constitution which would tend postpone longer the provisions which cult task of giving a new form and spirit burden on the taxpayer, revision of the suffrage to women, and which passed of the Congress? It Seeing uzust be made for the support of the to industrial organisation by co-ordinat-thy income-tax has already been provided the House of Representatives at the last me that every consideration of Many of the appropria-ing the several agencies of conciliation or by the Act of 1915, but I think that session tions which are absolutely necessary for and adjustment which have been brought you will find that lurther changes can be to the maintenance the Government and into existence by the dificulties and mis-nade to advantage, both in the rates of Justice and of public advantage calls the tuiniment of its varied obligations for taken policies of the present management the tax and in the method of its collection for the immediately adoption of that with to the Legislatures of the several the Escal year 1810-1920 have not yet been of incustry, and by setting up and The excess profits tax need not be long mendment and its submission forth made; the end of the present fiscal year developing new federal agencies of advice maintained at the rates which were neces is at hand and action upon these appre- and information which may serve as a sary while the enormous expenses of the States. Throughout all the world this priations can no longer be prudently de-clearing house for the best experiments wat had to be borne: but it should be long-delayed extension of the suffrage is ayed. It is necessary, therefore, that I and the best though; on this great matter, made the basis of a permanent system looked fur; in the United States longer, should immediately call your attention upon which every thinking man must be which will reach undue profits without believe, than anywhere else, the neces to this critical need. It is hardly neces aware that the future development of discouraging the enterprise and activity sity for it and the immense advantage of sary for me to urge that it may receive society directly depends. Agencies of in- of our business men. The tax on inherit it to the national life has been urged a f ternational counsel and suggestion are ance ought, no doubs, to be reconsidered debated by wothen and men who saw the your prompt attention.

I shall take the liberty of addressing presently to be created in connection with in its relation to the fiscal systems of need for it and urged the policy of it you on my return on the subjects which the League of Nations in this very field; the several States, but it certainly qught when it required steadfast courage to be have most engrossed our attention and the but it is national action and the en- to remain in permanent part of the fiscal so much beforehand with the common con- Attention of the world during these last lightened policy of individuals, corpora system of the Federal Government also-viction and for on cover-for-par- anxious months, since the armistics on last tions, and societies within each nation Many of the minor taxes provided for in country the distinction of being among November was signed the international that must bring about the actual reforms, the revenue legislation of 1017 and 1918, the first to act in a great reform.

can The telegraph and telephone lines will, settlements which must form the subject. The meinbers of the Committees on Labour though no doubt made necessary by the master of the present treaties of peace in the two Houses will hardly need sugpressing necessities of Wartine, and of our national action. in the "im-gestions from me as to what means they hardly find sufficient justification under of course, be returned to their owners 20 mediate future. It would be premature shall seek to make the federal government the easier circumstances of peace and can the agent of the whole nation in pointing now happily be got rid of. Among these, out, and, if need be, guiding the process I hope you will agree, are the excises apon various manufacturers and the taxes of reorganisation and referm.

upon retail sales. They are unequal in their incidence on different industries and on different individuals. Their collection

RAILROADS AND WIRES,

to discuss them or to express a judgment about them before they are brought to their complete formulation by the agree ments which are now being sought at tha I am sure that it is not necessary for table. of the Conference. I shall hope to me to remind you that there is one im lay before you in their many aspects so mediate and very practical question of scon as agreements have been reached. Plabour that we should meet in the most is difficult and expensive. Those which if I were in immediate contact with the

1. hesitate to venture any opinion, or liberal spirit. We must see to it that our are levied upon articles sold at retail are administrative Press any recommendation with regard to returning soldiers are assisted in every largely evaded by the readjustment of domestic legislation while absent from the practicable way to find the places for retail prices. On the other hand, I should Loited States and out of daily touch which they are fitted-in-the-daily work assume that it is expedient to maintain

This can be done by a considerable range of indirect taxes with intimate sources of information and of the country. counsel. I am conscious that 1 need, developing and maintaining upon. an ade-and the fact that alcoholic liquors will after ac long an absence from Washington, quat scale the admirable organisation Presently no longer afford a souren of to seek the advice of those who have recreated by the Department of Labour for revenue by taxation makes it the more mained in constant contact with domestic placing men seeking work; and it can pecessary that the field should be carefully problems,and who have known them close also be done. in at least one very great restudied in order that equivalent sources at hand from day to day; and I trust field. by creating now opportunities for of revenue may be found which it will he that it will very soon be possible for mindividual enterprise. The Secretary of legitimate, and not burdensome, to draw to do so. But there are several questions the Interior has pointed out the way by upon. But you have at hand in the Trea pressing for consideration to which I feel which returning soldiers may be helped to Bury Department many experts, who can that I may, and indeed must, even now find and take up in the hitherto un-advise you upon these matters direct your attention, if only in general developed regions of the country, which better than I can. I can only suggest the In speaking of them I shall, I the Federal Government has already pre lines of a permanent and workable daresay, be doing little more than speak pared, or can readily prepare, for cul-system, and the placing of the taxes where your own thoughts. I hope that I shall tivation, and also on many of the cut-over they will least hamper the life of the speak your own judgment also,

de neglected areas which lie within the people. Limits of the older States; and I once more take the liberty of recommending very urgently that his plans shall receive the immediate and substantial support of the Congress.

terms

soon as the retransfer can be effected without administrative confusion to that is, as the change can be made with the least possible inconvenience to the public and to the owners themselves. The railroads will be handed over to their owners at the end of the calendar year; questions which must govern the retransfer of the telegraph and telephone lines. I could name the exact date for their return also. Until I am in direct contact with the practical ques tions involved I can only suggest that in an in the case of the railways, it is clearly the case of the telegraphs and telephones, desirable in the public interest that some legislation should be considered which may tend to make of these indispensable instrumentalities of our modern life a uniform and coordinated system which

much and certain means of communication with will afford those who use them as complete all parts of the country as his so long been afforded by the postal system of the Government, and at rates as uniform and available in this very practical matter, intelligible. Expert advice is, of course,

and the public interest is manifest. There is, fortunately, no occasion for Neither the telegraph nor the telephone The question which stands at the front

There Lot all others in every country amidst the

undertaking in the immediate future any service of the country can be said to be present great awakening is the question

general revision of on system of import in any sense a national system. duties. No serious danger of foreign are many confusions and inconsistencies The scientific means by which of Labour; and perhaps I can speak of it

competition now threatens American in- of rates. with is great advantage while engrossed

Peculiar and very stimulating condi dustries: Our country has emerged from communication by such instrumentalities in the consideration of interests which affect all countries alike as I could at tions await, our commerce and industrial the war less disturbed and less weakened could be rendered more thorough and home and likt the interests which enterprise in the immediate future. Un-than any of the European countries satisfactory has not been made full use of. naturally most affect my thought, because usual opportunities will presently present which are our competitors in manufac-An exhaustive study of the whole ques Their industrial establishments tion of electrical communication and of the means by which the central authority they are the interests of our own people themselves to our merchants and pro- ture. By the question of Labour I do not mean ducers in foreign markets, and large have been subjected to greater strain than the question of efficient industrial pro fields for profitable investment will be ours, their labour force to a more serious of the nation can be used to unify and duction--the question of how inbour is to opened to our free capital. But it is not disorganisation; and this is clearly not improve it, if undertaker by the appro great mere reconstraction will, I certainly result, indirectly, in be, obtained and made effective in the only of that that I am thinking; it is not the time to seek an organised advantage.priate committee of the Congress, would. Tear process of sustaining populations chiefly of that that I am thinking. Many The work

The demobilisation of the military and winning success amidat commercial great industries prostrated by the war am afraid, tax the capacity and the republic bencat. and industrial rivalries I mean that wait to be rehabilitated; in many parts of sources of their people for years to come. much greater and mare vital question: the world where what will be lacking is So far from there being any danger of forces of the country has progressed to How are the men and women who do the not brains, or willing hands, or organis new or accentuated foreign competition, such a point that it seems to me entirely daily labour of the world to obtain pro-ing capacity, or experienced skill, but it is likely that the conditions of the next safe now to remove the ban upon the gressive improvement in the conditions of machinery and raw materials and capital few years will greatly facilitate the manufacture and sale of wines and beers, their labour, to be made happier, and to I believe that our business men, our mer marketing, of American manufactures but 1 an advised that without further manufacturers, and, our abroad. Least of all should we depart legislation I have not the legal authority be served better by the communities and chants, our

THE LABOUR PROBLEM.

INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT.

"

THE TARIFF, SYSTEM.

COST OF THE "WAR. £8,700,000,000.

Mr. Chamberlain, informed Mr. Lam

the industries which their labour sustains capitalists will have the vision to see that from the policy adopted in the tariff of to remove the present restrictions. and advances? How are they to be given prosperity in one part of the world 1913 of permitting the free entry into the therefore recommend that the Act approv their right advantage as citizens and ministers to prosperity everywhere; that United States of the raw materials needed November 21st, 1818, entitled "An Act human beings? We cannot go any furthere is in a very true sense a solidarity ed to supplement and carich our own to enable the Secretary of Agriculture to ther in our present direction. We have of interest throughout the world of enter. abundant supplies. Nevertheless, there carry out, during the fiscal year ending already gone too far. We cannot live prise, and that our dealings with the are parts of our tariff system which need June 30th, 1919, the purposes of the det our right life as a nation or achieve our countries that have need of our products prompt attention. The experiences of the entitled An Act to provide further for an industrial com- and our money will teach them to deem war have made it plain that in some cases the national security and defence by proper success as

us more than ever friends whose neccs too great reliance on foreign supply is stimulating agriculture and facilitating mupity if Cavital and Labour are to continue to be antagonists instead of tities we seek in the right way to serve, dangerous, and that in determining cer- the distribution of general agricultural being partners if they are to continue to Our new merchant ships, which have in tain parts of our tariff policy domestic products and for other purposes," "be" distrust one another, and contrive how some quarters been feared as destructive considerations must be borne in mind amended or repealed in so far as it I sincerely trust that I shall very soon they can get the better of one another, rivals, may prove helpful rivals, rather, which are political as well as economic.applies to wines and beers. or what perhaps amounts to the same and common servants, very much needed Among the industries to which special thing calculate by what form and degree and very welcome. Our great shipyards, consideration should be given is that of be at my post in Washington again to of coercion they can manage to extort, on new and old. will be so opened to the use the manufacture of' dyestuffs and related report upon the matters which made my. Our complete dependance presence at the peace table apparently the one hand, work enough to make enter of the world that they will prove im.chemicals.

cause vice of the Congress in every matter of prise profitable; on the other, justice and mensely serviceable to every maritime upon German supplies before the war imperative, and to put myself at the ser fair treatment enough to make life toler people in restoring, much more rapidly made the interruption of trade a able. That bad road has turned out than would otherwise bave been possible, of exceptional economic disturbance. The administration or counsel that may seem blind alley. It is no thoroughfare to real the tonnage wantonly destroyed in the close relation between the manufacture to demand executive action or advice.

I have only to suggest that there of dye-stuff, on the one hand, and of ex- prosperity. We must find another, lead war. ing in another direction, and to a very are many points at which we can facilitato plosives and poisonous gases, on the other, and value. different destination. It must lead not American enterprise in foreign trade by moreover, has given the industry an merely to accommodation, but also to a opportune legislation, and make it easy exceptional significance genuine co-operation and partnership for American merchants to go where they Although the United States will gladly hased hpon a real community of interest will be welcomed as friends rather than and unhestitatingly joff in the program- America has a me of international disarmament, it will, and participation in control. There is as dreaded antagonists. now, in fact, a real community of interest great and honourable service to perform nevertheless, be a policy of obvious prud- bert, in the House of Commons on May between Capital and Labour, but it has in bringing the commercial and indas ence to make certain of the successful 20th. that after making the allowances never been made evident in action. It trial undertakings of the world back to maintenance of many strong and well- usually taken for normal peace expendi- Dominions and Allies on the can be made operative and manifest only their old scope and swing-again and put equipped chemical plants. The German ture on the one hand, and for debts due other hand, and after taking account of in a new organisation of industry. The ting a solid substructure of credit under chemical industry, with which we will be from the

All our legislation should be brought into competition, was, and my other vote of credit assets, the net cost genius of our business men and the sound,

well be again, a thoroughly knit mono- other vot

the war to the Exchequer of the United practical sense of our workers can cer friendly to such plans and purposes.

And credit and enterprise alike will pely capable of exercising a competition Kingdom up to March 31st, last, on tainly work such a partnership out when

issues during the five once they realise exactly what it is that be quickened by timely and helpful legis of a peculiarly insidious and dangerous basis

years ending they seek, and sincerely adopt a common lation with regard to taxation. I hope kind,"

mated at round

at £8,700,000,000. that the Congress will find it possible to purpose with regard to it.

The United States should, moreover, These figures were exclusive of Jiabilities Labour legislation lies, of course, chiefly undertake an early reconsideration of with the States; but the new spirit and federal taxes, in order to make our system have the means of properly protecting in respect of war accruing after March our trade is diseri 31st and of losses to private citizens, methods of organisation which must be of taxation more simple and easy of ad-itoelf whenever effected are not to be brought about by ministration, and the taxes themselves as minated against by foreign nations, in localities, and trades in so far as these legislation so much as by the common little burdensome as they can be made, order that we may be assured of that losses had not been made good by the

Lieut-Colonel . Lowther: Do those counsel and voluntary co-operation of and yet suffice to support the Government equality of treatment which we hope to chequer. capitalist, mannger, and workman, and meet all its obligations. The figures socord and, to promote the world over.

Mr. Chamberlain: After making Legislation can go only a very little way to which those obligations have risen are Our tariff laws as they now stand provide figures include leans to Allies in commanding what shall be done. The very great indeed, but they are not so no weapon of retaliation in case other allowance usually made for loans to the organisation of industry is a matter of great us to make it difficult for the nation Governments should enact legislation un- Dominions and Allies that in, really corporate and individual initiative and to meet them and meet them, perhaps in its bearing on our products as taking credit for half of the amount of of practical business arrangement. Those in a single generation-by taxes which compared with the products of other the leads.

Brigadier General Fage Croft: Is that who really desire a new relationship be will neither crush nor discourage. They countries. Though we are so far as pos- tween Capital and Labour can readily are-not so great as they see-not so sible from desiring to enter upon any the bill which has been presented to mak and a way to bring it about; and perhaps great as the immense sums we have had course of retaliation, we must frankly enemies!

Mr. Chamberlain: That is not the ques federal legislation can help more than to, borrow, added to the immense sums. face the fact that hostile legislation by. State legislation could...

we had have to raise by taxation, would 'other nations is not beyond the range of tion on the paper.

then

POWER OF RELF-PROTECTION.

On the

of Eurest might be esti-