1919-05-20 — Page 6

OUTLER, PALMER &

NAPIER

JOHNSTONE'S

PASQUARE

BOTTLE WHISKY

NAPIER JOHNSTONE'S

SQUARE BOTTLE WHISKY

SOLE AGENTS IN HONGKONG AND BOUTE CHINA

CANE, CRAWFORD & GO.,

and from ALL Wore Mazoka279

"ASAHI BEER”

PILSENER BEER

MYGAND, BAIZES

SAHI BEER

DAT NIPPON BREWERYON

SAH

LAGER-BEER

SPECIALLY BREWED

** FOR

EXPORT

COMPANY

BOLE AGENTS

MITSU BUSSAN

JAPAN

KAISHA

C4

GAULT'S

SYRUP

"OF

HICOPHOSPHITE OF LIME

FOR

STUBBORN COUGHS

BRONCHITIS WEAK LUNGS

CATARRH

CONSUMPTION

ON BALK

of

HONGKONG HANHARD REPORTS LEGISLATIVE COUNCILS, Boxe Besson 1918

PEKE

DAILY PR” Ovrtom

Two Weeks Old Baby Flad Eczema On Body Cuticura Healed

"We only two weeks old, baby bad rooning ecxestan all'eroes, bang body. and even on her car. It carem 14kw- water, bilgsers, then burst and she had no sleep+ The best of her body was terrible. : I could not dress her, ...

(Signed)

"I had her treated, besz was told she was too far goon. Then I sent for a free- sample of Cuticurs Soap and Dintress. I bought more, and in less than three weeks she was bealed." Mrs. Ei Andendale, 348, Southamptan Rd., Eastleigh, Hants, Eng-

Delicate, sensitive skins with ten- dency to pimples, redness or roughness should not be irritand by impure. strongly medicated soap. Why not ums on the face, and for every-day toilet purposes, Cuticura, a part, gentia scap. touching the first signs of pimples or ↑tériredion with Cuticura Ointment?

Soap to cleans, Ointment to heal. British Chapos; F. Newbery de Sonny Lidlu 27, Char- for weier San Dimadamm Sold ereczubara.

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, MAY TỪTE; // 1915.

[01-4

P. Wigham-Richardson & Co.,

LIMITED,

85, GRACECHURCH STREET, and at Lloyds. LONDON EC3,

CAGE ADORF48 ** ARMADORES, LONDON. Joomag Bestley, Comeszra Phwann Coon, ScorTE,.

WATKING AS.C), AL, WESTERN UNION.

Insurance Brokers, Coal Contractors, Brokers for the Chartering Sale. Pur- chase and Construction of Steamers, are open to represent firms desiring business effected in the London Market.

ROYAL

"ympa, the work and then

compare the prices.

10" size $140

14"

160

10

180

We guarantee satisfaction and will gladly send machines on approval to responsible parties,

ALEX. ROSS & CO.. Machinery Department, 4, Des Vœux Road Central,, Telephone 2487.

PITTSBURGH PERFECT"

WIRE

Manufachand by PITTSBURGH STEEL CO. Equitable Building NEW YORK, U. B. A. Calmaized War Ascealed Wire Varalabed Wine Bale Hard or Soft Wies Ben Bolt and Ronse Whey--

** Aabyciand Barbed Wi

Fabricated We Fancing the thy Facts Staplerson Bula Tion and other

STEEL AND WIRE 45 -PRODUCTS

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Kramble for diatones of these 'Eonplactat *Gravil, Pains, the Hack, 'Gott/Blinki *Ben By;; landing Checchi or pót TinG: EXA

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WONDERS OF AVIATION.

LORD WEIR'S DISCLOSURES,

Lord Weir disclosed many "Interesting facts relating to wartime aviation in recent address to the Association of Foremen, Engineers and Draughsmen at Glasgow.

.

Having emphasised the great impart ance of the step taken by the Governmeni when they recognised that aircraft in the future would represent, a Drw

NATIONALIZATION.

WHAT DOES IT MEAN

(BY: HAROLD COx.)

The war has given an immense impetus to schemes of State Socialism, partly be cause the State has necessarily had to assume a more active part in the con trol of industry during war than in peace and partly because the higher scula of wages which has been paid out of bor

to State employes has arm of ruwed money warfare, and that accordingly it repopularized the idea that state manage quired independent treatment in an i meat would mean unlimited wealth for dependent Ministry, Lord Weir mention

The essential doctrine of ed that at the beginning of the way there were available only 200 neroplaner of various types, mostly experimental, and most of them very doubtful as to their ability even to leave the ground. The personnel then numbered approximately 2,000 when the armistice was signed the Royal Air Force numbered $90,000, and the output of machines was 4,000 per month, or one for every four minutes of working. (Cheers.) One of the prob lems at the start was to bring about in

wage-earners"

gigantic national undertaking with the im aginary bottomless purse of the taxpayer behind it than it is with a private" com- pany where the directors or their imme- diste servants are watching finance with a view to earning dividende. In addition to this commercial check on the possible dishonesty of employés there is in the ¡management of railway under present conditions a further check owing to the

competition of other forms of transport. Railway directors must fix rates so ia canipete with coastwise sen carriage and carriage by road, and the rivalry of, these different elements of communication gives an enormous protection to the trader. It is significant that in the Bill now before Parliament to establish a Ministry of Ways and Communications it is proposed to abolish, this protection to the trader.

MONOPOLY INEFFICIENCY.

tensive training by the creation of special working of railways on co-operative lines. sen the idea of taking over the tele-

of ratea

E

ompanies, leaving service P

State Socialism is that all the means of prody lion and distribution are to be "nat.vnalized.". In other words, all the industrial and commercial property now privately owned is to become the property of the national Government, and all the industrial and commercial activities of

The demand by State officials for s controlled by the national Government. the community are to be directed and

monopoly is, as past experience of State The idea of nationalization rules out,nterprises shows, an essential factor of for example, such a scheme as has been Government schemes of nationalization. put forward in the United States for the

graphs was first put forward, it was pro- schools for all the different technical Nor does it cover schemes for amalgamat posed that the as represented by branches. At the armistice, apart from ing different railway companies so

so as to the Post Office,

tako over existing pilots and observers, they had over 30,000 secure the elimination of unnecessary com. mechanics, and in September last there petition subject to State

free to start competing were over 80.000 workers employed on and fares to protect the general public. But as the Bill was passing through the

House of Commons a Buch schemes of amalgamation would building and erecting places for train-quite conceivably work well both in Great

clause was inserted at the last moment giving the Post Office During last summer the average Britain and Ireland, provided, experi an absolute monopoly. The clause w mileage flown monthly was over 6,000,000nced railway, managers remained in drafted in such a way that, as aubsequent and the number of cadets in training control. Provision might also be made into construed in the courts of law, it en was over 30,000.

such schemes for sharing all profits boabled the Post Office to prevent the de- tween railway shareholders, railway em- velopment of telephones in order to pro ployers, and the general body of tax- teet its monopoly in telegraphs. That is

that

the principal reason why the telephons has long been in operation in con- zystem of the United Kingdom was de her on aome such principle s nection with the gas companies. On these veloped

mach

more

slowly the

than lines

many problems might per-

of by stem

the United States. bape be

monopoly is itself a con ner. But that is not nationalization.

who Nationalization means the absolute trans-

A man of running an ference of the railway system, or what ever other industry may be concerned, the national Government, to be control led by the ordinary machinery of that Government.

ing.

Food in a very satisfactory man-1 TO 00

OFFICIAL AND POLITICIANI. '

to

10

demand a

knows that he is undertaking efficiently is competition. The State knows that its. work will be relatively inefficient and therefore it always demands a monopoly. It may, indeed, be said that where there is no monopoly the State can always be teaten.

Terrion of incomp willing to face

The development of aerial photography had been most extraordinary, be added During the first month that section took forty negatives; during last October approximately 24,000 negatives were ex posed and 640,000 prints were issued to the Army (Cheers.) In 1914 they start ed with two officers and three other ranks in the photographic section, with two cameras and a portable box with develor ing chemicals. The photographic per sounel to-day was 950 officers and 200 other ranka, and up to last September 6,000,000 photographs had been issued by the Air Service. Another remarkabla development had been seen in aerona What is that machinery! It consiste in tical armament. In the early days of our own country essentially of two parts, the war machines were either entirely in a body of permanent officials and a body armed or the pilots carried a service rif England have hitherto been a compara politicians. The permanent officials in of or revolver. The first fight in the sitively small number of persons with took place September, 1914. but by the middle of 1915 air fighting, had being. Their honesty has been beyond ques rather a high standard of academic train come a recognised feature, and increased tion, but their knowledge of matters out rapidly thereafter. The original, ten side their university education and ex- dency for single-handed combat periences acquired within the four rather between different patrols, but finally thick walls of a Government Department formations of from eight to 100 machines has been limited. The body of politicians took part. The armament used had been consists primarily of the House of. Com- the Vickers-Lewis gun, and the rate of mons and of its subsidiary mechanism of fte had increased from 900 to 1,000 party caucuses and local constituencies. had

prostice in this country' the

risen to 2,587. This increase io the rounds.

crats and the politicians are constantly political pressure, every

central staff was no doubt partly due to reacting upon one another. Az 1008 of Chamber of Deputies welcome of the the burcat

the op- cracy is left in peace it winddition,

of finding jobs for r constituento, nuts own way, and that way, though encumbered by countless obstacles areated

however, the increase wa due to the red by

Wal

BATTLESHIPS OF THE AIR.

barcau-

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Id to

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PEACE

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2

No. 10, WYNDHAM STREET, HONGKONG.

P.O. Box 890.

173

DAFEY FARM NEWS

"How

SAVE YOUR CLOTHING, FURS & CARPETS by storing them in our Cold Stores This relative inefficiency of State man for the Summer months where no agement is not due solely to the political influences which constantly interfere with moths or vermin can attack them. also due to the inherent vices of a State sound commercial management.

For particulars as to packing

plication of formalities. Here is an er the most serious is the needless malti-

Among these vices one of and rates apply to ample taken from French experience The Western Railway of France was taken over by the State on January 1st, 1909. At that date there were 1.326 employés, in the central administration and in the central trate department. By 1912 the number. of employés in these departments

bureaucracy.

In

Just before the armistice they were get ting the results of a very long series of experiments with guns of much the bureaucrats themacives, will often Governments adopt methods which all greater calibre, which aired shells instead of bullets, and be was convinced that further rear's development would have brought about the initiation of a type of battleship of the air rather than a single scated machine; in fact, another twelve months would have brought them back to the old argument used in naval affair about destroyers, battleships, and eruit ars. It was no secret that arrangement had been made to extend the scope of the Air Fores this winter, and those effort would not have been confined to tha' Rbine, but would have affected every in-

BECURITY OF THE INCOMPETENT,

point in the direction of the permanent way was managed by a private company As long as the rail- interests of the nation, if that does not only one copy was made of all documents happen to conflict with sage depart as soon as the State took control all mental interest, At ang moment, how documents were copied in triplicate. A ever, the bureaucracy is liable to be ruled by political influences, an M-very similar experiance is recorded of the

Brisa State Railways. ber of Parliament may ask almost any question in the House of Commons about the details or the principles of official administration, and time of the Departments is taken up in administrations is the impossibility of

great deal of the

An even worse defect, of bureaucratio

How still is the tocs question. More serious dismissing incompetent officials

fact that at any moment some ever grossly incompetent a Civil servant such as labour may be, he cannot be dismissed unless he induence, ch. 16 ar apon publicly commits some flagrantly immoral may be

who form the Ministry of

or criminal act. As a result, no fear of and in

Dand

|dustrial and political centre in Germany Gangbedience to this demand punishment hangs over the head of the

(Cheers.)**

the

policy, which had been adopted by the bureaucrats from the point of view of beected to satisfy the momentary in terest of the politician.

POLITICAL DOSTEOL

It may be, indeed, accepted that if any industry is nationalized it must become subject to those forces which direct the

Civil servant to prevent him from neglect the nation. to his paymaster, Equally has be no patient industry or for specially meritori. no hope of reward for ous service. Again, in actual working the bureaucracy tends always to look upon every question arst of all from the de- partmental point of view, and that is the ma main

cause of the continuance, year after Year, of expensive departments which are

evils of bureaucracy is,

that effort, so that it might be transnational Government, and in the final rendering no. real service to the nativet,

trol is

the

WEA

Lord Weir gave a striking comparison between the early single-seated fighter and the most modern bombing machine, He stated that speed approximately had increased from ninety miles to 141; "the clirab of 15,000ft, had been reduced from 32min. to 15min.; horse-power had ad vanced 80 to 300. It now remained, he snid, for those in power to reconstruct

formed from serving the ends of fright resort those forces are political. In the fulness to serving the more, enduring case of auch an organization as an army on the whole lees serious than the ovils. ends of peace, It would take time, but for a navy the afloat of politics concerns Before the war Prussia

of politics con-

"in the control af industris! transport by air would come in a com is comparatively unimportant mercial repre and it would fargely the one purpose of the Army or Navy sed a highly efficient affect onz economic and social life. How is to serve collective national needs and us in cllect uncontrolled ever satisfactory British war aviation these are so dominant that mere political Reichstag or by any other political in- interests are comparatively powerless.,

less., uences, and as a consequence Prussia might have been, he had every confidence Even so, however, the House of Commons to make her State railway system a that & still higher degree of supremacy has year after year witnessed the unplea success. None of the other German States could be obtained by. British civil avis saat spectacle of a large part of the sequally successful, and in no other tion. Two conditions

were necessary time devoted, say, to naval estimates country in the world has State railway First, they must have sympathetic, entr being occupied by members for dockyard management produced comparable results. getic, and, above all, generous treatment constituencies pleading solely for the pri

In Our OWN

case it is certain that a de- by the State, support and encouragement rate interests of their own constitutente. mocratic Parliament would I never give to of research and experiment. That was at When, however, we pass from under any bureaucracy that complete power of the bottom or succes, and it must be end to those which have primarily a ful; management of a commercial under control which i is necessary for the success coupled with stable and healthy indus-end a

taking commersial end, the opportunities for trial conditions. UNDE

dominance of private motives through them of political action becomes immensely in certainly intervene. creased The essential purpose of a rail reason why State management of commer way is to enable private persons to obtain cial undertakings fails is beca

is because nation- ransport for themselves oration misuses human "motives. Where

undertaking in goods. The price charged by the

is being man

mans - by 'com. respect of the number of rescues carried for these services is a matter of vary in Rercial mely avowed," "and

the selfish motiv of man- Find are portant interest to the individual machinery..of commerce so works that in the the railway, ond one of the most difficult and delicate parts of railway management the long run the frank pursuit of private is the regulation of rates and fares, but gain operates to the

advantage. But

public especially of rates. A private railway placed in control of commercial or in-

politicians and when company in fixing rates is guided by austrial undertakings they are supposed bureaucrats are

can foretell by what motives national to work solely for the advantage of the

That is too great a strain t guided in government would be

A RECORD LIFE-SAVER What is possibly the world's record oul by one man is held by a Grimsby launchman named Wm. Whiting.

He always seems to be on the spot when He started when only 18 years old by saving two lads from drowning in

life is to be saved."

- !,

the Albert Dock at Hull, and his record to date stands:-..

Baved from drowning

}

Sayed in ico accident

Saved from fire

Saved from suicide,

30

In 1899 he was present when 30 persons

な

the

purely commercial motives. But nobody

nation.

Political influences, many of corrupt character, Would

The

funda

with the same dificult problem. 1 on húman nature.--Tinea Trade

happen that the political influence Supplement

particular constituency was so strong as

to secure special fayoum fox that con-

the expense of the general

fell through the ice, and be was, instru" "ystem This has occurred. constant SHOULD A LAWYER TELL1

with Australian State railways, where

od a decree, nisi, granted to a petit in a divorce it, in which the Proctor! now intervened on the that the petitioner had been guilty -en bonduct. It was admitted that the peți-

mental in saving 28. For this he was given a silver cup and 50 guineas constituencies with large voting power Mr. Justice Coleridge recently rescind

At Withernsea. Horases, and Bridling have been able to win eoncessions to which ton bel has med several lires they had no moral or commercial or fine

tional claim 2. At-Scarborough he entered, ...at. grest

risk, a burning building by elimbing-PRIVATE ENDS. upwater spout and saved naveži graver danger remains. The fixing tiones told his solicitor of his misconduct, persons. He rescued woman from of rates aust/very often be private but at petitioner's request it was no being run over by the train and he her matter affecting individual firms, and in closed, and tells

was not d

judge said it was the duty.

received the personal congratulations of such a cuse the firms concerned will havetor in such circumstances to disc

the present King and Queen for his many a distinct motive forjat any rate, oner! act. He has received 11 silver watches, ing bribes to the officials who determine the information gained from his clien besides silver, cups, medals, and money the rates. It is obviously more dinsult to the court, who had a discretion, for his serviOCE

to prevent the zbuse of bribery-fía - such case

الحمد

THE DAIRY FARM ICE &

COLD STORAGE CO., LTD.

WAT KEB.

FLAG & BAILMAKER, No. 13, Des. Teraz Road Central Top Floor, HONGKONG Telephone No. 1883.

A Good

Medicine

l'according to one of the wise old thinkers of the past, possesses two important qualities. It restoreth us our health when we lose it" and It "preserveth our health while we have it." Probably no popular medicine possesses these two qualities in greater measure than' Beecham's Pills. Beecham's Pills restore and also preserve the health. They are excellent to take when the system is run-down and in need of a gentle restorative." Bescham's Pils act upon and through the organs of digestion- the regular and harmonious work ing of which is of the first impor-t tarice. They "speedily correct irregularities and restore healthy conditions. It has been abundently proved, that the occasional use of this well-known medicine will go far to maintain the general health In a state of efficiency. Enjoy gobd health/therefore, by taking that good medicine

Beecham's Pills.

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