1919-05-06 — Page 7

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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, MAY ETH, 1919:

THE BATTLE OF JUTLAND AND OTHER BATTLES.

BY ARCHIBALD HURD.!

GERMAN DUPLICITY. KUHLMAN'S LETTER

I am in a position to forward to you very suggestive letter, addressed - by Yon Kühlmann, at the end of January, to an important German notability, and to vouch for its authenticity (writes the special correspondent of the Daily Tele- graph in Paris):-

In his speech on the Navy Estimates, the First Lord of the Admiralty referred to the criticism that the war had e ded without a victory by sea that fally satin Bed national aspirations. There is, it is true, a tendency to discuss the first great naval action for a century as no self-

Events are following the course fore- respecting man in expansive mood in theen in my letter of January 2nd. Then smoke-laden atmosphere of a Erst class told you that the sword of Foch had railway-carriage on his way to or from been sheathed. . Henceforward we have the City would debato a ârst-class football nothing more to fear from France, and match, an important boxing competition, three new allies are joining us who are for the final of a golf tournament, if he going to reinforce oar Ukrainian, and possessed, no knowledge of football, box- | Bolshevik friends. Those three allies are, ing, or gott Naval warfaze is though it may seem preposterous to make the assertion-a matter of expert knowledge and experience. Naval science is always moving forward. It represents a far higher technique than land. warfare, bo cause it is more depcadent in matériel, and matériel is continually changing. Those who practise it are usually the victims of what; for a better phrase, may the French, our good frivolity of

**

First, the ideology of President Wilson, which wonderfully helps us in our game, and helps the Bolsheviks too, who are our present allies outside Germany. Be fore long that so-called ideology will spread division among the foes of Ger- many, first of all among the Czecha, Poles, Italinas, and Jugo-Slavs Well, if we are not ungrateful we shall erect a statue to Wilson in our Wilhelmstrasse.

"Secondly, the

our

neighbours who, be termed the sporting instinct", of a as was only to be expected, do not see

anything today berand sporting people. The popular idea of Alsace-Lorraine..

recovering In their satisfaction naval battle is that the enemy must be they oveook all that is happening in the East; they make light of the infitra- "knocked out," and that if this end is

tions 3.of Bolshevism which have become not attained in the measure anticipated, noticeable elsewhere (long live Languet. the British Fleet has failed. That atti abandon to their fate those Foles who

• and their Loriot, Sadoul,

friends); tade of mind has led to the condemnation could have been so easily supported one of some of our greatest admirais; there month ago; and do not speak any more was a talk of impeaching Nelson when the

nader of demobilisation, and our railways, a

rigid control our works, French fleet for the first time escaped Irem Toulon uncbserved; St Vincent's claimed by Foch at the time of the enreer was torn to ribbons; Hawke badarmistice. Long live the French spirit. his effigy burnt in Londos ; and so on. In my dear Gustave. Before 1995 we shall the old sailing days, it was difficult to be in Paris, and in very favourable 'con- convince the average landsman that naval ditions. warfare was an expert matter, to which men devoted their lives; and now that the weapons have changed, and it has become even more technical--so much so that no one naval officer can grasp all its pom- plications, with the result that there are specialists in sunners, torpedoes, en el neering, mines and signalling, visual or wireless the difficulty has been increased a hundredfold.

CHANGES OF A CENTURY

- Thirdly, the ordinary ways of French diplomacy, which will pretend to be directing everything from Paris, Cem mittees will be appointed by the dezen, which ne ficheront rien (French words in the text), and speeches will be pro- municet: Everything in the ways of energetic decisions will be postponed till the following day. In the meantime the Bolshevik food will rise and the Polish- Rumanian barrier will crumble down. In order to obviate it, committeer of in- Island. The quiries will be despatched to Princes

lovely as it is I want to emphasise

French diplomacy, slow and it is the best ally of the German Em- pire, which will be re-established again is more quickly than generally believed. Bulow was right when he repeated, time after time, to Ebert, on December 24th,

As soon as Foch shall have ceased tó xive his orders we shall get into our hands, little by little, all the trump cards

gam

In the preface to his book on Grand Fleet," Lord Jellicoe remarks that, while the principles of naval strategy are unchangeable, experience in war and changes

in the weapons, with which war is waged may profoundly effect the application of those

What principles." does that statement mean? Apparently nothing, for we are advised to review the Battle of Jutland with Nelson's signal, "Closer actior," as our guide. But the words which Lord Jellicoe borrowed Mahan do mean much. Nelson command. ed ships built of wood, which did not easily sink; those ships mounted gu with a range of 400 to 600 yards, and very ineffective guns, for they differed little from those used in the chase of the Now that the enemy has been defeated, Spanish Armada; every condition of there is a tendency by its former cham- battle was known; there were no mines pions and achairers to treat the German or torpedoes, no destroyers or submarines called that no ship British, French, or

аз Beet

I have re thing of contempt. In those circumstances, mon sense tactics to get as near as possible Spanish-was suck at the Battle of to the enemy. Even then the injury with the events on Mar 31st, 19161 What Trafalgar. Contrast that experience inflicted was often inconsiderable, judged

wae com-

THE ENEMY'S TACTICS.

THE

CORONET

TO-NIGHT at 5.15 and 9.15 pm.

: 0 Fakta Tà

SMITH & BELLA JACKSON

Negro Comedians and dancers

· also

41

A fine comedy film programme,

including

CHARLIE CHAPLIN

· in

CHAMPION

CHARLIE"

HAROLD LLOYD

in

LUKE'S PREPAREDNESS

PREPARATIONS ".

ROSCOE ARBUCKLE

"THE

SYD

in

ALARM"

and

:י

CHAPLIN

in

"GIDDY, GAY AND TICKLISH. Booking at ROBINSON'S.

FOR NEW YORK

BLUE FUNNEL LINE.

S.S. "EURYBATES"

(126

will be despatched for NEW YORK on Saturday, June 7th.

For Freight and further particulars, apply to-

BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE, Agents.

PENINSULAB AND

ORIENTAL STEAM NAVIGATION CO.

by the standards of modern times. The happened before Lord Jellicoe's battle- Battle of Trafalgar was fought at close ships were in line of battle? At 3.48 Sir THE range; not a single British ship was sunk David Beatty opened fire at a range, not the number of our killed, wounded, and of 400 to 600 yards, but of about 13,500 drowned amounted to 1,600; the French Yards. At four o'clock the Indefatigable lost 4.523 mes, including wounded, and was hit, afterwards to sink; at 4.20 dis- the Spaniards 2,405. The enemy lost, no fence was hit by two salvoes and blew

aster-befell -the Queen-Unry at 816 the STEAM FOR STRAITS, CEYLON, ships, except by surrender.

Defence

BOMBAY EGYPT, MEDITER- The Battle of Jutland was the first was mortally injured at 8.64 the invin- at about the same time the farrior

BANEAN PORTS and great naval action fought since the Battle, cible was destroyed; and several destroyers

LONDON. of Trafalgar. The Spanish-American had also been

of

The

gun was

And

BATAVIA, AMERICAN, COFTL-ENTAL,

ILS

AND HOUTH AFRICAN PORTS.

"DILWARA

Put out action. War was a minor incident, and the Battle British Navy and thus, been deprived of TEROVOR BILLS OF LADING IRRUED FOR of Tsushima happened under such excepthree battle cruisers and two armoured. tional conditions sa to render it almost cruisers, besides other units, involving a valueless as a guide in tactics, for the loss of 4,000 or 5,000 officers and men Russians were virtually beaten before a before the British battleships had had HE Homeward Hall Steamer

fired.

Between the Battle of time, to form into line.of battle. Tsushima and the Buttle of Jutland, before this movement was completed, the carrying His Majesty's Mail, will be naval science had made remarkable pro battleship Marlborough, leading the star despatched from this port about MAY gress, and all the factors on the afternoon board wing division, was torpedoed at 2320, 1919, taking Cargo for the above Porta. of May 31st, 1918, were uncertain: No 6.84 p.ni. The value of human life was Passenger accommodation in the connecting one could prophesy with assurance what not less on that May 31st, 1918, than it vessel, when available, secured before depar would happen whether our heavy guns was on October 21st, 1805, and yet, before and Valuable Cargo for Italy, France would out-balance the enemy's beavier Lord Jellicoe came into action we bad.

Hongkong armour; whether the importance

we suffered more than twice as many casual and London (under arrangement) will be attached to primary armament-the 12in., ti is the British, Fleet sustained conveyed by this Steamer proceeding to 13.5in. and 15in gun-would prove right; or whether the enemy's great throughout the Battle of Trafalgar Bombay and there transhipped to the development of his secondary aimament

Zought

Marseilles and close

on-carrying Steamer for Tange The enemy held on at this period of the

London action in order to

Parcels will be received at the Office until by Grand Admiral the day befors iling. The contents the scene soon after four o'clock, wouldon Tirpitz over a period of fourteen and value of all packages are required.

ther submarines, which appeared; principles inculcated to the test the

For further particulare, sailing dates, etc. ould years, when he preached to German: prove a decisive factor; whether the Ger officers the advantage which he would apply to INN tre Policy of dropping mines from re-

give them.

MACKINNON, MACKENZIE & CO., possessing

superior torpedo apt ships would cause disaster, and armament. Action at closer range than

Agente, so on. The Dreadnought and were built for the Battle of Jutland, and

aiters torpedo. range would have been to the that action was to prove to furnish the and smoke. After the deployment of the

enemy's undoubted advantage in the mist Post Box 113, first practical proof-whether the theory

the 6.9in. or in gun, in which he had

justified

a great advantage-would be

of the British design was right or wrong, te Fleet, with guns effective at 90,000

the fate of the British Empire hanging enemy at 12,000 yards, end the effective, the Iron Duke was firing at the on the result. What was the theory of range of the torpedo tubes in the German that design, which Lord Jellicoe, as a battleships, apart

altogether from member of the Dreadnought Committee, destroyers, was 10,000 yards. "Contrasting assisted in evolving? It was based upon the modern range with that of Nelson' the knowledge that the torpedo had been guns, the famous turn away developed into a long-range and accurate British Fleet of 1,750 yards, when the by the weapon a range of four or five sea-miles enemy made his torpedo attacks with bis. in association with a remarkable degree destroyers, was equivalent to a ship of

of accuracy owing to the introduction of the line of the early years of the last the gyroscope. Therefore, the Dread- houghts were built to fight

century opening the range a matter of outside

The so-called "turn torpedo range. It was known before the forty-four yards! battle opened that the German ships minutes, when the enemy's torpedoes were

away"

covered a period of only ten carried more torpede tubes than the all evaded 7,23 to 7.53 The Fleet at British ships, and it was also known, once returned to its original course, and

far as anything could be known, that

the High Sea Fleet would be attended by

them, so long as light continued, endea voured to clows the enemy, who, in the

A superior number of destroyers, apart meantime, had raised a smoke screen, to from submarines The Dreadnoughts conceal bis were built to meet those'

retirement.

were armed with guns edastations; they A German officer has stated:

LE

then to were utterly crushed from the moment fight at the longest range, whereas the your Battle Fleet cats into action," and Germans, possessing a greater number of all information since obtained from Ger les powerful guns, reinforced by ax immense torpedo armament, desired a supports that confession. If the nothing better than that Nelson's signal,

light price paid in human life be a ground "Closer action," should be signalled from Lord Jellicoe stands condemned for all condemnation, then unquestionably the British Fleet flagship on that mist time for he won the decisive battle of evening, favourable for the use of the the Great War, na subsequent efents have torpedo.

proved, saving the Empire and civilisa don Daily Telegraph

(Continued at foot of next column.)

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From SAN FRANCISCO, JAPAN

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HE Steamship

THE

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having arrived from the shore ports, Com signees of Cargo by her are hereby informed that all Goods are being landed at theirʼriske into the hazardous and/or extra-hazardous Godawes of the Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company, Limited.. whenne, sad/or from the harves, delivery may be obtained.

Goods not cleared by the 8th May," at 8.P., will be subject to rent

be examined on 8th May, 1918, at 10 11 All broken, chaled and damaged packages are to be leff in the Godowns where they Claims against the Steamer mat be proented. within 10 days of arrival, otherwise they will not be recognized

No Fire Insurance will be affected by an in any case whatever.

Bill of Lading will be countersigned, by

JARDINE, MATHESON & Co., LTD,

Agents.. Hongkong. May at 119.

will

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FROM NEW YORK-"

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