1918-09-27 — Page 2

Page

THE

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BONGKONG · DAILY' PRESS, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1919-

QUESTIONS TO MINISTERS.

FREEDOM OF SPEECH.

A COMMERCE 'DEGREE.

LUNDON SCHEME.

Į BANKINO AMALGAMATIONS

SIR CHARLES ADDIS' VIEWS.A

However great our triumph in the last In the July number of the Edinburgā decisiva struggle of the war, victory will | Review Sir Charles Addis, in the course proât us little unless we know how to use of an interesting articlo da

Huge tasks of British Banking," says:— the opportunities of peace.

of reconstruction and of new construction mast. ba accomplished if we are to hold our place in the world's array of nations: We shall not succeed unless we apply to

well equipped and thoroughly trained The prizes of the future must fall to those States which know how to make the most of their man-power by developing to the highest degree its brain-power. The age of rule-of-thumby of the half-skilled, and the uneducated bas passed away, and we science and the expert. Let us admit that must prepare ourselves for the age of

"Problema

The argument that amalgamation is part of the process of evolution and there. for inevitable, like the absorption of the small shopkeeper by the multiple store is to be viewed with suspicion, like every other analogy drawn from the physical

discussion." Evolution may be a good- thing or a bad thing,, but there is no reason why we must of necessity submit to it. If it is a good thing we ought to assent to it. If it is a bad thing we ought to oppoys it. If it is applicable in the present case it cannot logically be allowed to stop here. The evolutionary heen reduced to four must go on unti process by which eight banks have recent

FEDERAL HOME RULE A DEMAND FROM WALES. In the House of Lords, recently, Lord The South Wales Labour Federation Ribblesdale invited the attention of the held a special conferenes at Cardiff, e House to the recent pronouncements of the cently, to consider Federal Home Rule. Leader of the House upon the propriety Mr. T. Richards, M.P., presided, and of putting questions down on the notice 4 delegates represented 174,211 members paper, and to ask whether, for the futare,Resolutions were unanimously carried permission would be required to do so. recognising Ireland's claim to immediate He disclaimed putting the question on Home Rule, and declaring it should be Certainly no one is better qualified Personal. grounds, and said that on July Fan advance instalment for the Federal every department of național effort minds sciences when imported into an economia

17th Earl Curzon had not been fortunato Homo Rule for England, Scotland, and to judge a musical instrument. either in his choice of method or choice tales, as well as Ireland.

of phrase He (Lord Ribblesdale) felt| Mr. W. Brace, M.P., said that without They know music. Their life-work disquietude about the future. He put the

question down in the hope that it would me Rule there was no prospect of is music. And Melba, McCormack, give Lord Curzon an opportunity of achieving the ideals of reconstruction treating from an untenable. position, which He believed the idea was sound for Ire- Caruso, Farrar, Galli-Curci, Gluck, was hazardous to the liberite should land and equally sound for, the other tices of the House. Nothing be Homer and a host of other world-allowed to molest or impair free speech, countries. The Labour party could not wo may learn from the enemy. The the four banks are reduced to two Wo and nothing should be allowed either to afford to ignore the movement. He was ferman system of education is not that might then expect the two remaining excuse or diminish Ministerial respon

perfectly efficient machine which some banks, having been amalgamated into one, xibility. Vigilance was specially requisite very anxious about the future of the suppose, but it does excel our own in the to make the monopoly complete by pro- in these days, when Ministerial respon Labour party, and had that party pot application and coordination of difcending to absorb the Bank of England. sibility was becoming a remarkably in-

It was extremely he would have been anxious for the wel

existed in these days of trial and stress ferent branches of stady to fitting young That might be a good thing for the termittent apparition evasive, and it was wonderful how it was fare of the nation, for its existence was vocational education or technical educa

wen for particular pecupations. It is in surviving bank. The beat to the com

is not ac obvious. able to take cover under the skirts of a safeguard against revolution Parliation, in its widest sense, that German bigger the bank the greater the danger D.O.R.A.," and hide itself away. Iment was congested, and devolution was methods have something to teach us. A that with the lapse of time it will become the pronouncement of the noble Earl were essential. accepted, they would become in the jargon Mr. J. H. Thomas, M.E., said the good deal has already been done in this entrenched in a bed of vested interests, of the day. & controlled establishment Labour party stood, as always, in favour versities, to provide advanced instruction introductice of how ideas and discourag country, especially by the younger uni. inimical to change, discountenancing the (laughter and cheers)-regulated as to of self-governmens for Ireland.

for the needs of particular industries and ing the more efficient methods of young The latent their ancient freedom and rights at the towns and some counties were more ad professions. Auch still remains to do and vigorous competitors discretion of the Government or the vanced than others.. Why should Wales

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The

Leader of the House, just as corn, bacon, be kept back in social improvement The Senate of the University of London. Power of the amalgamated banks in sap- and hay were now regulated by the autho-enuse Scotland or Ireland was not so pro foremost in the developments of recent even be questioned whether the gigan-

"

Ho viewed with great misgiving the decrease in Ministerial appointments in their lordships' House

THE CAPITAL OF COMMERCE, All this is to the good, but the critic might well say that there is one glaring amission, London was, before the war a fancial and commercial capital of not only the Empire's capital city, but the world, and that eminence, we hope and with good reason, it may long retain. Commerce, in the widest. sense of the word, is the great industry and the spreme interest of London, as it is the origin and one of the strongest bonds of union of the great Empire of which London is the capital. Yet until now London's University, while recognising and fostering other industries, has given.

plag competition will be vary great. It tic size they have already attained does not constitute a menace to the pre- dominant position which the Bank of England has hitherto enjoyed as the bank er bank. Nor car. the psychologi cal effect of these great aggrandisements of capital in the hands of a few barks be ignored. They are virtually Govern-- ment guaranteed institutions. The in- solvency of one of the great banks involve such widespread disaster that no Govern ment could stand aside. They would be resources in order to guarantee the compelled to make use of the national solvency of private banks From Gov- erament guarantee to Government control is but a step, and but one more step to nationalisation. We are playing into the the hands of Mr. Sidnes Webb, and Socialists.

BELGIUM AS A PAWN. -

ment.. on

alive to the needs of the time, has been rities. He asked the House to share his gressive. In view that any such pretentions should be education Wales had been kept back. temperance legislation and

years. During the war it has es withdrawn as categorically as they were Parliamentary machinery was absolutely tablished, in addition to its Degrees in advanced. (bears.)

broken down. Reconstruction, social Engineering, Argiculture and in the The Marquis of Londonderry said that legislation, and Empire problems would Management of Real Estate. The pro- circumstances were gradually bringing require Imperial Farliament's attention, vision of organised and coordinated their lordships finally to abdicate the re and made devolution an absolute neces- teaching is, of course, necessary pre maining powers which belonged to them, ity. It was not a mere Labour claim, liminary to the foundation of a Degree. The custom was developing that no ques but a national claim, a citizens' claim, tion should be brought forward unless it and an speal must be made to all sections received the special sanction and approval of the people. The world would never be of the Leader of the House

The main the same again, and circumstances arising object for which their lordships' House out of the war would revolutionise every- existed was rapidly going through the thing. He wanted the Labour movement process of complete destruction There to be prepared for these changes. First was a system in the House of Commons by solid organisation, and secondly by known as negotiation behind the Speak intelligent appreciation of what they re- er's Chair, on which he had always look-quired. When they talked of their move ed with the greatest suspicion. When members of the other House were inclined as being so many million people be wished they were so many million people to be critical they were told that criticism who understood exactly the principles was unpatriotic. There was ง steadily underlying the r movement Unfortunately Increasing number of members of the they often counted heads instead of in Ministry in the House of Commons until

telligence

He wanted them to educate the Government bade fair to be a body their fellow men and women to, realise all of coalition placuner, and cothing more. that was involved, and then be was quite little assistance and an academic honours HARDEN'S SCATHING COMMENT. sure that the British House of Commons to commerce. As well might the Univer- would meet their claim. When it was sity of Manchester decline to know any-

Discussing Count won Hertling's state- met he was equally sure that the in-thing of the manufacture of textiles, or

Belgium, Herr Maximilian The Marquis of Lansdowne said as to telligence and enthusiasm of Welsh people the University of Sheffield of metallurgy. Harden.writes in the Zukunft: Ca the occasion to which reference had been would not only justify their claim, but This reproach is now to be removed, for country be regarded as an independent made, the Loader of the House did notable them and their children to obtain by a recent resolution London University State which is only to be returned to the intend to claim, and did not claim, any their legitimate aspirations

owner when negotiations with twenty right of putting a veto on the power to Arthur Henderson,

has decided to grant Degrees in commer- 'secretary of

other States have reached a favourable discuss any subject which Bay member of the Labour party, in a circular on cial subjects and to organise the necessary their lordships' House desired to raise tion addressed to trade union devole course of instruction. Other universities conclusion? Can a country be regarded as an independent State which, before He could and nothing in the words of country, states that the Labour movement made this provision some years ago. The

its return, dust further undertake pre- the noble

ble Earl to aaggest the idea that is convinced of the need of the widest more reason for vigorous effort now to

cisely to adapt its policy and its economy. be conceived it was the duty of a private and most generoas measure of self-gover of the city's position in the commercial

make London's school of commerce worthy and consequently its entire State life, peer to come to him for permission before ment for Ireland, but that Home Rule in

to the will of the enemy Power still ruling a.question could be put on the paper or also needed for England, Scotland, and world. debated. Such a claim would, of course, | Wales. The recent conference urged Let it be clearly understand what this on its soil, which must guarantee that be monstrous and absurd.

giving separate legislative, assemblies to new development means. In no depart Power against French, British, and Lord Willoughby de Broke said there all four countries

ment of vocational education, it la prob American thirst for revenge, and which were a great many of our fellow-subjects

able, certainly not in commerce, can the must even be friends with that Power and who were in a state of unrest because they

work of the university, the professor, the grant it privileged confidence? Primary law or international law-that alone is thought they were being kept in the dark with regard to the war.

OPENINGS FOR BRITISH TRADE INtical experience, any more than a degree Germany to retain even

class-room, and the study supersede prac-

the question. International law forbids one pebble of KARL CURZON'S REPLY, Earl Curzon did not at all deprecate

guarantee of practical

Belgium's streets, and commands Ger efficiency. But the modern worker, the raising of this discussion by Lord Ribblendale, He must confess he was somewhat startled at the oration of the Hail in Japan impresses on British mer-anufacturer, now

The special correspondent of The Daily whether in a bank or a merchant's office, many to restore the kingdom in the ex- in accountancy or the counting-house of a tent, possessions, and sovereignty which it had before the invasion. Is Belgium- noble lord, who had failed to give any chants the admirable openings for Bri-eeper knowledge and large views, and a

as a Chancellor, a Secretary of State, substantiation whatever of tharges against

and an Ambassador have, in the name himself.

In fact he saw no shadows of tish trade in Korea. That country, under more finely-trained mind than can be

Japanese rule, is making extraordinary 'foundation for the preposterous and ridiculous charges which had been launch-tides. Yet it seems to be entirely neglect acquired by the routine of practice. It of the Kaiser and the Federal Govern

German self-defence? ed. The constitutional position

d by our merchants. Before the war a is, therefore, the purpose of the university meats, confessed-the innocent victim of secrated by immemorial practice was this: German arm monoplised the foreign trade scheme to provide opportunities for study ask its forgiveness, and not, in addition, to force conditions upon it. This," Herr that it was in the power of any noble there, though that trade was mainly in which will supplement what is learnt in "Everything is chang the business of the office. To make this ford to put down any question or notice British cottons. of motion that be pleased, There were ing

is the burden of the correspondent's assistance real it is recognised that the Harden concludes, "is a question of certain tacit limitations to the great.

message, and we must change our methods university must be in close touch with decency, morality, and the honour of a

the leaders of commerce, finance, and in-nation." liberty enjoyed in the House of Lords, and generally acted upon in the spirit of

dustry, and in reliance upon their as courtesy and friendly understanding

sistance the scheme has been planned. The Lord Mayor will preside over, and provide for instruction in banking and which generally prevailed between mem- The understanding to which he bad refer Balfour will speak at, a meeting in finance, trade with different areas, trans- bera. It was a kind of unwritten code red entailed an obligation on the Leader the Mansion House to-morrow, at which port and industrial organisation. Thus, without which the business of the House of the House not to put pressure to ro could not be carried on from day to day strict the full rights and liberties of the the proposals of the university will be according to his individual occupation, It was really a corollary and consequence House, but equally, and even more, it laid before the great commercial interests the student can obtain special qualifica of the great liberties and advantages they imposed an obligation on noble lords to of the City and the public.

DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHING, in their lordships' House enjoyed. On respect the confidence which he reposed single question a speech of an hour's dura in them, to listen to the appeals he might We have only to consider the diverse Many of these subjects are already tion might be hung. In the House of Commons there was a Speaker in the think it was his duty to address to them conditions under which lads of ability taught in the University of London, hat Chair to compel relevance to the subject when he represented that it was not in enter business life to see that the future to provide teaching especially adapted the public interest that a particular mat students of the commercial course will for commercial work much adaptation on which the question was put. If they ter should be discussed, and to defer, not approach it in different circumstances. and development will be required. For in the House of Lords had such a fune to his orders, but to his responsible post: Some will be able to give up two or three example, there is need of provision for tionary he would never be idle. He would tion. (Cheers)

years to the university before entering fuiler treatment of hanking and financial have had a very busy time that afternoon.

con.

KOREA

lose our trade.

lar moment."

an become

needs wider

THE STUDENTS' COURSE.

and

tions.

Then we have to

15

Their lordships enjoyed advantages which The Marquis of Crewe remaked that it an office. Others, possibly the majority, operations, and for the study of economic were without parallel in any legislative was undoubtedly a temptation to the mem-will be giving part of their time to conditions abroad, of market organisa

Many chamber in the world. They would not bers of any Government to regard as con- office work, part to study.

is to take its proper place in promoting willingly part with them. They were one trary to the public interest questions will be living within reach of the antion, and of ocean transport. If London of the attractions of the House, and they which were inconvenient, to themselves. ferent educational institutions working the study of commercial subject funds explained how noble lords who, in the was not always easy to separate the under the university. Others will be out must be provided. New lectureships will evening of their life, came up to that interests of the Administration from the of reach of lecturer and class-room. The be needed in considerable numbers." A House enjoyed themselves so immensely in interests of the public in certain matters. University of London cas claim that it burein must be established to help those it. It was like roaming about a spacious On the other hand, it could not be die is the only university in the kingdom who are reading after their office hours ... park, without being confined to the trim puted that there were persons so destrous able to provide for all these different without tuition. It will be necessary to alleys of a Dutch garden. (Laughter and of opposing the Government and its policy clisses. In its colleges it can organise bring out books dealing with commercial cheers.) Noble lords might select as the particular subject that they were complete courses of instruction, and affairs for the use of students, and this moment for putting & question one that apt in the interest they felt in it to for special, assistance for those whose time is cannot in the early stages be done without was extremely delicate in international get the possibility of inconvenience or even limited, and by its external system it financial assistance Existing librarien; relations and when it was extremely de-of public anger in raising it at a partica. can help those whose circumstances pre- too, will need enlargement. The examine trimental, to the public interest for the

He hoped they would not spokesman of the Government to give a

fall into the way in that House of con- vent them giving attendance. The degree. tions will involve heavy expense. To reply. This difficulty was accentuated by sidering discussions on foreign policy or of course, will require an equal standard provide scholarships for able Inds and travelling fellowships for those who fur- the fact that the Foreign Secretary was war policy untimely in themselves. He of knowledge from all.

time The course of stuity falls into two parts: ther distinguish themselves money is im not directly represented in the House of adhered to the opinion that if at any Lords, and the Leader of the House had it was desired that noble lords should The preliminary stage will be common toperatively required. These objecta, it is to refer to him and get his opinion upon refrain from dealing with a particular all students, giving them, as it were, the estimated, would call for an expenditure In addition, tai the opportuneness of the moment which subject it should be a matter of private basis of general knowledge of commerce of some £19,000 a year. was chosen for discussion. It had been and friendly communication. (Hear, on which more specialised instruction can enlarge the accommodation of London'e the invariable practice to consult the hear.)

be built up. It will include the elements colleges and to procure the educational "Foreign Office. He had never put down The Earl of Selborne thought that Lord of economics and of the geography, of plan necessary for the students of com

merce would call for a special sum of 4 question without conferring with the Crewe had touched on a very real point industries, products, and communica Foreign Office. He had never pursued to distinguish between the public interest of banking, currency, trade and finance, these dificult days, but they represent when he said that it was not always easy tions; it will deal with the principles £20,000. The figures may sound large in question if a representative of the Forelan Office asked him not to put it.

and the interest of the Administration. He had not gone about the House They were not prepared to accept from and with accountancy.

tions of their lordships' House.

....

One modern only a trifing sum in comparison with In the the vast commercial interests of London, that rubbish. He was merely carrying should or should not be discussed in that advanced stage" more variety will be and it is certain that no investment of House. Having regard to the vast lowed according to the needs of in- the shrewdest financier ever promised suchs a return as money devoted to this scheme. out to the best of his ability the old trady amount of work which the leader of the dividuals. The compulsory subjects are

As re- "garded the case in which he declined to House had to carry out it was no doubt the organisation of industry, banking, For if it is fully and fairly carried out "give a reply, it was one in which he had difficult for bim always to consider quite and trade, the modern economic develop we may count upon a new generation of tried, without success, to secure that the dispassionately whether a subject should ment of the world, commercial law, and workers in commerce of an efficiency far statistical method. A large number of higher than that vast sphere of enter question should not be put. His desire for abould not be brought forward on was to give a maximum of information. particular date.

optional subjects arranged in groups prise has been able to command in the (Continued at foot of next Coluran.)

past Daily Telegraph. The subject then dropped.

(Continued at foot of next Column.)