1918-09-20 — Page 7

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OUR LONDON LETTER [FROM DER OWN CORRESPONDENT.] AN IMPERIAL NEWS AGENCY

FORESHADOWED.

LONDON, July 9th.

In newspaper. eireles it is known that the Government are favourable to the idea af establishing an Imperial News Agency But if the plan should take practical shape, and a tuşernment Press Bureau is set up for the distribution of news it will

..

NEX

HANDS OFF THE PACIFIC AUSTRALIA'S MONROE DOCTRINE.

Mr W. M. Hughes, the Australian Premier, was the guest of the Executive, Committee of the Pilgrims at a luncheon beld at the Savoy Hotel

HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, "SEPTEMBER 2015, 1918

TURKEY UNDER CONTROL

HOW GERMANY RULES THE.

TURKISH PRESS

LBY CAPT. . & C. POLLARD.] In nearly all countries the paper short- age weighs beavily upon newspaper pro prietors and editors, who find their supply Mr. Hughes said we were now in sight of material reduced just as the time when of that perfect understanding and co-informed comment, is at its highest. This the public appetite for hews and well operation of the English-speaking peoples shortage of paper is, under some circumu- upon which the safety not only of these stances, a weapon in the hands of the elemy for by controlling and rationing nations, but of other nations, rested. the paper stocks in the Central Empires, meet with opposition from British America, Australia, and New Zealand the Press of these countries even more the Potsdam directorate is able to control, bad common interests in the Pacific, that effectively than by tensorship. mighty ocean whose waters fapped this Censorship alone cannot prevent criti

nalists in this country. The objections to an organisation subsidised and controlled by Government are many had obvious. Something, to this effect was commun

shorus of half the habitable world. Theeism of the authorities, but with the addi- Panama Canal had linked the great tional weapoti of paper control behind it, Pacific-the Antipodean Mediterranean no journal dare print views or comment ented in the Canadian editors during their Europe, and new arteries of commerce unfavourable to those in power. In the Central Empires to-day, the freedom of

the Press no longer exists, and the truth only reaches the German and Austrian people through the acdium of neutral journals and clandestine publications, printed and circulated in were

な

A CONQUERED COUNTRY,

Visit to England last week by Sir. Robert and been created; and in the Pacific question was involved not only the Donald, the able editor of the Daily dosting of Australia and of the Empire, Chronicle, who is Chairman of the London but an important part in the future of He did not propose to say Council of the Empire Press Union, and the world. recently held an advisory position in conanything on the general aspect of the question of no annexations and no as basic principles of the nection with the Ministry of Propagamla.indemnity

It is in Turkey that the fierman paper terms of peace. His object was to set control has roused the greatest resentment, The newspapers hare have submitted to

out the position in which Australia for the dominant Teuton persists in treat- be muzzled and controlled by authority found itself in this matter. The policying Turkey as a conquered country rather because that was regarded as a war-time of Australia, shortly stated, was that it than as an ally. The native Press has not recessity; but it is another thing to have are not assent to the islands in the always been pleased with German arrog Pacific formerly owned by Germany auce and the way in which the Ottoman anything savouring of official direction being handed back to her after the wat. nation has been exploited to serve German

ends Better facilities after pence is declared.

But even though the truth be The reasons underlying this policy.?

known to every Turk their papers must toy obtaining accurate information would Mr. Hughes continued, are not desire remain dumb or praise their

for territorial aggrandisement, for in the because the only available supplies

conquerors, be welcomed by writery for the Press in wide and fertile land that is ours we paper that reach Constantinople are seat the Colonies, and the removal of obstacles have a heritage capable of maintaining a to the German Embussy, whence they are in the way of the cheap and rapid transpopulation of a hundred million people.doled out to the Press by the Ambassador. twenty tithes the present population. mission of news abroad is desirable. An We do not want more territory, but what paper which publishes any article even There has been no attempt to gild the pill; oficial agency would, however, be always we have we shall bold. And it is because hinting, at criticism of the Germans is open to the suspicion that the intelligence of this because of Germany's ambition, stopped. The Embassy simply refuses to because of her lust of world-power, which issue any further paper for its use. This sent out did not really represent the posithreatens us alike with the rest of the attitude has evoked the most widespread tion of affairs.

civilised world that our soldiers are now indignation, and as usual when open dis 6ghting, and that 47,000 have laid down cussion is suppressed it flourishes under-

ground. their lives. (Cheera.).

EXIT THE EX-TSAR

It is extraordinary how little attention was paid to the report that the Ex-Tsar of Russia had been shot when the news

A COMMANDINO BARRIER,

The whole history of Turkish politics | is one of intrigues and secret societies. Secret organizations overthrew tac Let me make the position clear Sultanate and fought about the constitu- Australia is a great Island. All quetion and the rule of the present committee reached here: Some of the newspapers-commercial pathways lie along the of progess; and once again every secret indeed the great majority of them-dealt mighty deep. The freedom of those agency in Turkey is working to bring with the matter on the lines that it was pathways is essential to our safety and about the collapse of the Germany A notable our welfare. In pence through them we domination. Tiermany favours Bulgaria, of. Necondary importance.

are accessible; but in war we may be the hereditary enemy of the Turks, and *xception was

supplied by the Daily Tele isolated. Along the northern and eastern for fear of Bulgarian aggression in com gruph, which printed a full and intimate shores of our country are three belts of bination with German support keeps the account of Nicholas 12. from the pen of islands, stretched like a barrier across. Turks in uneasy subjection to the German Free speech on this all-important the routes to other lands. He who holds rule. Dr. E. J. Dillon, whose knowledge of men these islands commands these routes, and subject means no paper for the luckless and policies in the Near East is unhe who commands these routes commands Turkish journal that dures to indulge rivalled. Dr. Dillon proves the late Tsar Australia. There are hundreds of these in it.

işanda, and the territory they, aggregate

LIVING RUINOUS AND BAD.

to have been that most dangerous of all is considerable. Before the war Germany The conditions of living in the Turkish rulers, a man of an inherently weak and had secured footing in these belts of Empire are extremely bad owing to the

Clothes, boots.. vasillating character, possomed of un-islands at German New Guinea and exorbitant cost of food.

New Brituin, .at the Caroline and and similar necessities are now only pur limited autocratic power.

It so chasable by the wealthiest, and the whole- Marshall Islands, and at Samoa. Verhaps the most generally interesting happens that these German possessions sale profiteering by Germans and Turks point in the long narrative is that the contain more than half the population of alike is causing the gravest discontent! the Pacific islands. Of a total estimated trade in foodstuffs and all necessaries has among the population. The important Isar consistently acted behind the backs population of 1,500,000 for the whole of been centralized in the hands of of his own Ministers, thereby creating all the Pacific islands the German islands are Turco-Austrian Trust Company, and the sarts of international complications and set down as containing more than 800.000. result of the monopoly is the starvation of Now these Gertuin possessions contain the poor and the ruin of the trading rangers, and even war. Thus, following many fine barbours. They possess great classes outside the ring. the Treaty of Shimonoseki, the Kaiser in an interview secured the Tsar's onsent to potentialities of trade. Germany, follow-

This con-ing that policy of peaceful penetration things be endured for ever, and military Germany leasing Kinochow.

which in other suberes proved so success-fortune in the West will be followed for ession was made without the knowledge ful, had before the war sown the seeds Germany by political failure in the East. of Count Witte, and the Thar refused Lo

She Turkey will break' free and settle her withdraw his consent to the sebeme of a great empire in the Pacific. although warned by Witte of the conse quences.

A Council was convoked at which it was. moved that Port Arthur should be taken by Rusin as a set-off to Kiaxxhow. Witte demurred on the ground that anexation must culminate in war, and a resolution was passed that Port Arthur shcald not be taken. Nicholas ratified the minutes of the sitting, and then at once issued secret orders to Admiral Dubassoff to take. Port Arthur. When it was dis covered what the Tsar had done and Witte, expressed his amazement the Emperor exensed himself by declaring that an English squadron was about to occupy the port. This, as Dr. Dillon says, was an absolute fabrication.

DEALING WITH GERMANY.

These conditions cannot in the nature of

bad established naval bases and wireless quarrel with her neighbour Bulgaria in stations, had succreded in almost mono-sugh a manner that the Bulgarians are polising the island trade, and was ex. likely to have bitter reason to regret the tending her influence in every direction. wastage of their man-power on the Rou-

manian and Magedonian Fronts, There is not the slightest doubt that a few more years would have seen German control, backed by a huge German army,

are com -

in the Pacific. In order that Australi-earth. They are not found in Germany, ans may, hold Australia, in order that constituted as she now is, and until this young democracy may develop the Germany becomes democratised she must creat heritage which its soldiers now not be permitted to cast the shadow of valiantly defend, it is necessary that her despotic rule over the lands whose these islands that stretch along our development depends essentially upon shores should not pass to a predatory freedom. Hands off the Australian Power. In other words, we stand com-Pacific is the doctrine to which, by mitted to a policy of an Australian inexorable circumstances, we Monroe Deetrine in the Southern Faciße.mitted. And against all predatory Let me try to set out the position so nations we shall strive to give this doc that you may understand it a little more trine effect to the last ounce of effort at Another instance of the late Tar's clearly. What Calais and Boulogne are our disposal. And in this, as I have said, double-dealing was his secret treaty with to England, New Guinea and the other we do not desire Empire, but only And so we" rejoice that our the Kaiser, now a matter of history. islands are to Australia. In the hands security. While France was bracing herself as of a strong predatory Power they are great Ally, France, has interests in the Of the Southern Pacific, and that Holland, as Russia's loyal Ally to raise a loan for her daggers pointed at our hearts.

Nicholas con- hundreds of islands that compose the long as she does not become the agent of after the war with Jafaith the German Pacific New Guinea is by far the largest, Germany, is our neighbour in Java and Eluded a secret Treaty England, but and it is separated only by a narrow New Guinea. We know the policy carries Emperor, directed against involving the one-

dissolution of the strip of water from the mainland of with it great and grave responsibilities,

At the same Australia Franco-Russian

It is indeed much benzet for it. definitely puts aside all considera time Office,

ms the British Forcigle wly hoodwinked. adharaniple itself,

Australia than the island state of the tions of an inconclusive peace. It mCADE, to for the Tsar's Government, while

Well, we in Australia ste pre- out the fure of an all-round settlement of is a valuable possession. It has an area for differences, actually matured a plan for seizing Berat, fighting the Afghans, and Bovering their links with Great Britain: while another plan was matured for kid napping the persons of the Emperor and "In fact, of China Dowager Empresa though the world at large was unaware of it, in January, 1904, war with this coun try was in sight! Fortunately Witte and Lamsdorf repudiated the secret Treaty with the Kaiser, though the existence of that sinister document was not revealed until recently. ‹

ACROSS THE ATLANTIC.

AMERICA'S BEKTIMENTS.

of 330,000 square miles three times the pared, pay, determined, to fight on to area of the whole United Kingdom, and victory; for only through the gate of very much greater than France or Get-decisive victory can we enter into the many. It is rich und fertile, capable paatures of lasting peace." (Cheers.) of great development. But it is more than that. It is indeed the very gateway

Mr. F. E. Powell, a member of the into Australia; so that Germany, with her military power unbroken, her last for American Pilgrims' Club, "said Ameri empire un laked, and still possessing her cans were deeply indebted to Mr. Hughes great territory in New Guinea, would for presenting to them another point in command the entrance to our country, the great programme which had presented And this great, rich island in within a itself in regard to the war; and he was stone's throw of Australia. Before the proud to believe that Mr. Hughes voiced warone-third was held by Germany, and the sentiments of America. As regards was used as a naval base. Our troops, these islands in the Pacific, be believed Are we to see the Atlantic crossed by within a month after war was declared, there was no other answer for America aeroplane before the year is out. There wrested it from the enemy, and we should to give. No one could countenance for are good men' ready to risk their repata be lacking in our duty to them if wo an instant anything that savoured of tion as experts that the feat will indeed handed it back to the enemy. For it is compromise

The Earl of Denbigh said there was one "come to pass. The question is coming essential to our national integrity that

into prominence again; and Lord North- cliffe's offer of £10,000 for the first man these islands should not be in the banda fact which must bring the situation home to crose, made rather more than five years of predatory Power. To give control to us. If there were submarine stations No doubt if the once more to Germany is to give her in the Cameroons, German West Africa, is being renowed,

German East Africa; and New Guinea, 1go, Western Ocean can be. Lown once as control of Australia.

But there is a deeper question still, the Germans would be able to control Bleriot crossed the Channel the Atlantic Bight, would soon be done almost aea The Pacific, as I have said, is going to every important trade route in the matter of course. Even such a responsible be the scene of many international com- world.

Sir T. Mackenzie (High Commissioner writer as Mr. Garvia permita himself a plications and many racial problems. vision in the near future that is to say, Unless people with great ideals, with a for New Zealand), who proposed the before the end of the war of squadrons love of freedom, and an ample regard health of the chairman, said how neces of American fliers arriving by air to take for civilisation, become at once responsary it was for the Overseas statemen their part in the fighting in Europe. sible for its administration it may yet to lay their views clearly before those Meanwhile, the Rhineland towns of Ger- lead to a greater war than that which who would have the major voice in the many are knowing no rest from our now, rages. These qualities are only settlement after the war was proved by Independent Air Force which has a roving found in the democratie nations of the the fact that when Australín planted the British flag in New Guinea they were Commission to harry the Huns at home-

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