1918-08-26 — Page 6

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, AUGUST 26TH, 1918.

WHITEAWAY'S

MOTOR

GOGGLES

LARGE OVAL GLASSES

LARGE OBLONG

**

THE WAR.

(Continued: from Page By

General

{TANOCOM REUTER'S AGENCY.).

EAST AND WEST.

(BY MAJOR-GENERAL 9:8 OLDRGE VOUNĖ- MUSSAND:]

THE SILVER MARKET. SOVEREIGNTY IN THE AIR.

LONDON, August 24th. --

Much learning and no small amount of Silver is at 4ojd., corresponding to the ink and paper have been expended in dis. official £xing of the maximum, The cussing the rights possessed by States The Englishatan has a curious and quite market is steady.

of legal and political supremacy over Loxpox, August-248h. ~

unconscious genius for gaining the attach- The Treasury has raised the maximum Conventions have been arranged for, or Africa.

the airspace above their territories.ment and devotion of the natives of Asia He does not buy personal The previous

conferences have met and pundits learned devotion wither with money or honeyed mixximum. sabled on August 14th,

international law have cogitated upon

He is merely, as nature mado equalled, the American price, a dollar

the theoretical and practical results of him a perfectly unemotional but con-

** GERMAN " EAST AFRICA. price of silver to 19jd.

INDIAN COLONY, ADVOCATED.

од

LONDON, August 23rd. Sir Theodore Morrison, C.T.E.. Means FABRIC SIDE SCREENS ber of the India Council, interviewed by WITH

AND PLUSH RIMS.

Reuter's Regency, advocated the making of | German East Africa an Indian Colony.) He dwelt the advantages. Ger. Price $1.75 Pair.

man East, Africa offers to hund LEATHER reds of thousands of small cultiva tors, so the investment of capital. He suggests that the administration and public development work be wholly entrusted to the Indians. He believes' the Indians are capable of thinking oût, und

GLASSES MOUNTED ON

PLUSH RIMS.

Price $2.25 Palr.

LARGE · OVÁL

GLASSES FABRIC SIDE SCREENS AND applying a policy for a firm (and sym

pathetic – government, of ( tigrman PLUSH RIMS. "

African natives.

East

Price $2.50 and $2.75' Pair.

LARGE

OBLONG GLASSES

WITH FABRIC

SCREENS AND PLUSH RIMS.

Price $3.00

GLASSES SET IN INDIA

OVAL

VENTILATED,

"

.:

words.

an ounce, plus the cost of shipping from aerial traite as affecting the rights and Pletely honest and straightforward per

New York. The fixing of the now maximuni is atributed to the raising of the price in New York.

China "exchanges are very firm but it is not believed that this has been a deter mining factor in raising the maximum,

Lerdos, August 24th. The recent raising of silver in the United States from 100 cents to 1014 cents apparently mainly due to the question of transport charges between "San Fenn- cisco and New York.

14

THROUGH HAVAS AGENCY.]

JAPANESE RED CROSS MISSION

NON In

relations of the powers of Europe. happier days about five years ago, decent men had some faith that their fellowmen. wild treat as binding and not as scraps

of paper at least a few of the principles which, in the interests of humanity, had been laboriously defined, or agreed upon. the Hun. Had he the honesty of a rom- War changes all that sort of thing, saya

mon burglar he would have said. We for decent men survive and happier days have changed all that." Nevertheless a may yet return, when it will profit States to attempt an agreement defining their fights in the air space above their ter-

ritories,

TWO SCHOOLM OF THOUGHT,

This Sort of unsought devotion is illustrated by an incident which happened during this war in Mesopotamia A series of battles were in progress, and this particular battle had lasted three days and nights. It was bitterly sald and pouring with rain, the whole country was a swamp and across it swept an icy blast. The day had been a severe one with many hoped for better lack next day. All were then weird, and the British just lay where werd before the Turkish defences, and tired and cold and hungry and wet through; and none more so than the tieneral, a veteran of forty bears service. who was out in the open with his men hrough it all. But he was perhaps a There were two broadly divided schools little worse off than they, because though of thought in the past. The one regard.

they had had a serap or two of fond, ho ed all the air as free and not subject to

bad had none for a night and a day, due LONDON, August 23rd. what may shortly be described as the"

to some mishap behind. It wo

eleven o'clock at night and still seven hours of An Extraordinary Mission has been sovereignty of any State: The other cnn.

misery find to be put through before dawn. sent by the Japanese Red Cross to Francoded that the State posseasca full To walk about a as a sure method of tacch sovereign rights in the entire air space to study the working of the French Medi- above its territories.

ing a stray bullet; to sit down or to lie down on the cold wet ground was 20 cal Service with a view of bringing.

The distinction drawn here is inten-alternative almost as perilous. French to their valuable assistance. It

tionally expressed in quite general terms, is composed of several doctors, among qualified, in the first case he recognition for in fact the bare principles were whom are Prince Yoshifisa Tokugawa and of certain steps which a State would have Professor Ninagawa. They visited the to take to protget itself and in the principat French sanitary formations by Edition thith in toriots, Ireland will have to bear a

tice na State would attempt entirely to share yesterday and the ring before. Tar Misclose its air space against the rest of the of the crushing indeinaities. Er adds, sion is leaving to-day for the Front.

civilized warld. An interesting variation that the Allies are 6ghting for freedom:

of the second theory was also discussed, and progress, assisted, by such heroic

namely, that the State possesses SOVER- eignty up to a Emsted height, and that figures as General Rotha and Generai

above that height the air is free to all. Smitse

just as the high seas atside territorial waters are recognized as free for the pas

age of the ships of ali nations.

RECRUITING IN IRELAND.

SIDE A BRIGADE OF IRISHMEN ALMED,

Loyboy, August 24th.

44.30.

RUBBER

RIMS,

WITH

EXTRA PAIR OF SMOKED

LENSES.

Price $4.50 Pair.

WHITEAWAY, LAIDLAW

Tel. 92.

& CO., LTD.,

20, DES VŒUX ROAD, HONGKONG.

Chinese Name "WAYLOO."

(288

SHEWAN, TOMES & Co.

MOTOR DEPARTMENT.

WORKS

Tel. 781.

AND GARAGE,

No. 7. Russell Street, Wanchal,

Tel. 659.

All Classes of Repairs to Motor Cars carried out under

expert European Supervision. Cars taken on Monthly terms, including Storage, Cleaning, Repairs, Insurance, etc!

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Colonel Lynch, who is at the head of recruiting in Ireland, says that he aines at forming a Brigade, of Irishmen.

points out that if the Germans are vie

AMERICA'S FOOD

TION

PRODUC

IMMENSE SUPPLIES FOR THE ALLIES NEXT YEAR.

New Your August 24th, Mr. Charles Hoover, the Food Control. ler, has made a statement that the United States will share the sacrificès, in food as well as in blood, with the Allies.

The United States would provide the Allies in 1910, with 4,000,000 pounds of fats 900,000,000 pounds of beef products. 1,500,000,000 tons of sugar, and

500,000,000 bushels of cereals.

AFFAIRS IN RUSSIA.

CZECHS CAPTURE VERUHIU-

DINSK..

LONDON, August 24th. Reuter learns tha: Czecho-Slovak with. drawal on the Ussuri Front does not afect their communications and is not a serious check. Moreover regarded as

captured Verchiudinsk, an important centre commanding the railway tunnels

(Continued my Page 5552

LAND FOR BRITISH OFFICERS

numerous

A scheme for the training of Navy and Army officers in mixed farming after the war was originated some little time ago by "Lieutenant-General Sir E. Hatton, and has been developed by a Sub-Committer of the Royal Colonial Institute's Empire Land Settlement Committee. Approved by the "President of the Board of Agriculture after con | sultation with experts, it has been circulated among Lards Lieutenants of Counties, in the United Kingdom,

The scheme presupposes that there will be found in each country county gentlemen, tenant farmers, and owners of commercially run farms who pre prepared, upon grounds of patriot members of their county regiments in ism and Imperial goodwill, to assist their desire to settle on the land. At all events, during the test period it is essen- tial that the farm student should under atand that in his own interests and a the quickest way of learning farm pro cesses, he must undertake to work as an ordinary farm labourer, and thus gain the all-important and practical know- ledge of the details of farm work. The greatest care is to be exercised in ensur ing that only those county gentlemen's estates are selected in which the whole or a portion are in hand and worked under a bailiff competent and willing to train students. It is hoped that the prin- ciples of the scheme may, upon further measure at least to ex-non-commissioned officers and private soldiers of the Army and to ex-warrant officers, petty officers and seamign of the Royal Navy,

THE NEUTRAL CLAIM IN WAR. It is important. is considering this question of sovereignty, to distinguish ther you call it sovereignty or control between peace and war conditions. Whe.

State must in time of peace make som and jurisdiction, or some other name, the assertion that it exercises a power in the

space over its territory, for other wise it could not justify the enforcement of the simplest rules and regulations to govern the visits of foreign aircraft r even the fights of the aircraft of its own subjects. In time of war, a belligerent in the abstract, but in fact justifies a States does not worry about sovereignty claim to it by the employment of anti- against enemy air raids. aircraft guns and other means of defence

they become signatories to an Inter With regard to neutral States, had national Convention which recognized the freedom of the air, even above a certain altitude, the belligerent States would have been entitled, free of protest, to territory as a highway for bombing raids have used the upper air, over neutral and other forms of aerial offence Against the enemy, so long as the aircraft em ployed did not jettison' objects on to the before this war, no international agree heads of the neutral citizens. In fact, ment was ever arrived at. and it is inter- esting to note that Holland and Denmark craft guns, asserted a claim to sover- eignty in their air space as against several trespasses, mainly intentional, of Zeppelins. Had the freedom of the air, been agreed to by the nations of Europe before the war no neutral could reason- ably have raised a protest against the mere passage over their territory of belligerent aircraft...

it is reported to day that the Czech, consideration, be found applicable in have both, by employing their anti-air-

south of Lake Baikal.

CHOLERA EPIDEMIC SPREADS TO THE UKRAINE.

AMSTERDAM, August 24th.. The Rheinische Faelische Zeitung re- ports that the cholera epidemic has spread to the Ukraine, where 256 cases have been reported.

TYPHUS RAGING IN, PETROGRAD

AMSTERDAM; August 24th.

A message from Petrograd states:-Be- sides cholern and famine, typhus is now raging terribly in Petrograd and in the northern Russian provinces.

OBITUARY.

LONDON, August 24th. The death has occurred of Mr. H. I Moysry, ex-Postmaster-General of Ceylon.

-DETAILS OF THE SCHEME The proposed system of training in mixed farming applicable to home and overseas land settlement is set out thug: Practical Farming.-Ordinary agricul

THE PARIS CONFERENCE.

Ia 1910 a Conference of European

Presently in the midst of the cold ordeal who goes there?" and out of the darkness a entry close by challenged Hald faint and afar off came back the reply

Kadir Dad, Kitmutghar. The stand the familiar name aroused his enough to woke the General from a half drowse, gad

સારૂં, "Don't shoot, that's my servantis game.

Advance Kadi: Dad, Kitmutghar, and be recogniseti, shouted the sentry with his bayonet at the charge.

WAN

Slowly through the mud, and slush, al pouring rain, came plodding a curious ägare. On his head was a deck chair, in cach hand was a bottle and under one arm T tumbler. And in his pockets an was afterwards revealed. were many hit of half-sodden ration biscuit."

Er was Kadir Dad, the General's servant, with such relief as he could bring.

food and kit was carried got held up. c Apparently what had happened was this. The bout on which the General's

stuck on a bank some miles back, the day before. So Kadir Dad decided to set out after dark alone, to try and find the sahib and bring him a little food and drink," and something better than, the wet ground to sit upon. It had taken him five hous to cover two miles, over a dead at niy awamp, in pitch darkness, and with ni landmark of any sort.

ife on earth did you find us! Lik cd the Staff Officer.

I

T.

Well, sahib, I walked straight towards where, in the far distance, I could see. the Bush of the guns of the Turks. Then shells began to drop round me and I knew was getting near my Sahib. After hat that I knew the battle was nearer and i many bullets his the mud about me, s0

bling in the dark coolies carrying wound- drew fresh courage. Then I met stem- ed men, and of those I asked Where is knows." and some said,Which General the General Sahib 11 Some replied God Sahib 1" and passed on. After that, by. the

grace of God. I came across three horses, and a syen asleep on the ground holding them. I woke the

Whose horses are thyer and said, He replied. Sabib's hope, having a white face "Go to hell." But I persisted, because one of the horses looked like the General So.

is

that unruly syce received no rest till be answered me; then be sat up and said,

Who art thou? Thy voice is that of Kadir Dad." "I am Küdir Dad, where

righ

Sahib ?

1 bring him food and That is good. I also am hungry and so are the horses. The Sahib sent me backa when his second horse was shot, and now he is God knows where. Perchance he is about one thousand yards from here, but God knows."

++

So I went towards the battle slowly. for I was somewhat tired. Then I met ration party, and the Sergeant said. Come along with me. Bobbachee.* I'll show you the way.

ture and cultivation of land; routine of crops; care of horses; charge of farm stock, including breeding. Dairying Powers met in Paris to discuss and Including milk and butter supply. Poultry Farming Land (clearing of) arrange the term of an International Care of woods; forestry; draining; road. Convention which should govern the re- making; hedging and ditching; fencing;spective rights and liabilities of the care of buildings; and rough carpenter contracting States with regard to aerial ing; agricultural machinery (simple),

Not much publicity has been Theoretical. Instruction in furm books given to the proceedings at the Confer and accounts; keeping of farm books and fence. although the French Government simple audit;, profit and loss; estate subsequently published some account of agency work Dairy Books-Milk records the points of agreement and difference. und accounts. Theoretical Instruction. At the time men thought of aerial trans-challenged me, and I found my Sahib.

traffic.

خود

But the Sergeant Sahib only led ma to his Colonel Sahib, and when I asked the Colonel Sahib where my General Bahib." was he also replied God knows.”

and

Then trusting in God only I started again towards the trenches of the Turkm and before half an hour this sentry God is good.

That little sup of whisky and water, and those few sodden biscuite, fed four- Englishmen, and put fresh life into them for to-morrow's battle, and the "victory. that crowned it.

So Kadir Dad did his share, and East and West met that time.

*Cook

camouflage. The answer to the doctrine broadly is that it would work very well in a brotherhood of nations and in air age of real prace, but while war is d reality, it can only be regarded as dangerous to any nation which may find itself as a belligerent or a neutral in the area of hostilities. The development of aircraft has not tended to a restriction, of that area.

In the system of agriculture; iu manure port in the terms rather of airships than The populations of whole, villages, who values; in testing of soil, etc., etc. as of aeroplanes and promiscuous pötting receive only two pounds of ants weekly per Board of Agriculture leaflets and of civilian dwelling-houses with hastily pamphlets. The course of training, as scattered bombs was far from their but no bread, are dying out.

laid down above, should be combined with minds," Practically all Moscow's railway coma course of training in elementary theory,

The Hun showed considerable guile munications are cut off partly due to the etc., at an agricultural college.

at this Conference. He stoutly upheld A course of instruction may be divided the freedom of the air, ostensibly an passive resistance of the railwaymen, but into periods of three, six, nine, or twelve doctrine which would ensure the free counter-revolutionaries have blown up months. It should Inst. not less than development of aerial traffic. To judge numerous bridges and pulled up the rail three months and not more than twelve. him by his subsequent acts it is not A preliminary probation" of fourteen unfair to assume that he foresaw the way tracks,

days will be allowed, at the end of which military advantages which would accrue an apprentice may cancel his agreement. to him from a general agreement to this The owner of the estate will reserve to doctrine, enabling him to pass unhinder himself the power to terminate the dura-ed over neutral territory. Not that he tion of the course by a fourteen days' has cared much for neutral opinion notice at any time. Students will be during the past four years, but at least expected to conform to the hours and rules the absence of justifiable protests from of the estate, and act in accordance with neutrals would have been a gain. The the directions of the owner conveyed Convention broke down on the broad through the bailiff. Students will be ex- issue of sovereignty versus freedom, the The conclusion is a melancholy one.. pected to pay a premium in advance: 23 slow-witted English perceiving what son for it is not unlikely that, apart from the BRITISH APPOINTMENT

for three months, £6 for six months, 8 sense the "freedom of the air" doctrine possibility of war. England might, corn- for nine months, and 210 for twelve is, in the present conditions of civilized mercially speaking, benefit by an agree LONDON, August th

months. In the event of the student ter- States.

ment declaring the air to be free above 6.30 197

minating his engagement under fourteen

a certain' altiturki At least in' the Major-General Bir Godfrey Paine has

days the premium will be returned, less In fact, the doctrine is rather dan carlier stages of commercial aerial trans.

After the urst fourteen days per gerous nonsense.. £1. been appointed Inspector-General of the sonal remuneration will be given, accord the day when it would be in the least We are very far from

port long flights by British aircraft day very likely involve A considerable" Royal Air Force and an additional mem- ing to capability, beginning at 161 per sate to limit our claims to sovereignty in mileage flown over foreign territory. ber of the Air Council. Major-General week. The farm students will be expected the air space up to any conceivable Commercially, therefore, let us hope that W. H. Brancker has been appointed Mas accept the above conditions..>

to give guarantee in writing that they height. As one example, how would it while every State claims that rights of ter-General of personnel, and Major-Gen

For the officer who has resolved de be possible to counter aerial espionage control and jurisdiction, generally called eral E. L. Ellington, Controller-General finitely on home settlement the scheme conducted from an altitude at which the sovereignty, any, international

may be modified in such a way that the air was regarded as free to all! Cerments may be so framed as to admit of equipment and a member of the Air settler will be, able to complete his train tainly not by any known system of reasonable fredom for international aerial traffic, particularly on long dis ing while in occupation of his holding. (Continued at foot of next Column.)

tance routes,

Council.

WANTED, AN IDEAL WORLD.