1918-05-07 — Page 6

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TROPICAL ATRICA. GENERAL SMUTS ON GERMAN

ECOLONIZATION.

A WAY THEY HAVE IN CUTLER PALMER & CO.8 *

THE ARMY "

[COMMUNICATED BY A MILITARY MAN. 20 THORPE LEE3

Nevor Bingo I assumed his Majesty's uniform, I regret to say, has Emmelina taken me at all seriously.

She started off by inquiring why I needed uniform, seeing I had only given

Surely you could do your work in

ordinary clothes," she said. “Do you really need leather gaiters to impresa flappers with↑ And those funny little coloured bits on your coat-collar? I thought uniforms were only for fighting soldiers. ERIE,

war, but also all the English, French, Belgian, and Portuguese possessions south of the Sahara and Lake Chad and, north of the Zambesi River in South A GRANDIOSE SCHEME.

Africa, Towards this objective she was General Smuts delivered an important steadily marching even before the war address on East Africa at a largely broke out, and the claims the return of attended

meeting of the Royal Geo. † her lost African, colonies at the end of graphical Society held at the Central the war as a starting point from which to resume the interrupted march. Or Hall, Westminster, recently.

rather, as appears from Count Hertling's General Smuts said that, in economic recent pronouncemont, they claim a re-up my office seat, in the City for an value, German East Africa ranked very allocation of the world's colonies, so that office scat in another place. high among the tropical countries of the she may have a share commensurate with African continent. Probably no part of her world position, Africa had a climate and soil more suit This Central African block, the maps able for the production on an immense of which are now in course of prepara scale of copra or coconuts, coffee, sugar, tion and printing at the Colonial Office rubber, cotton and other tropical pro in Berlin, is intended, in the first place ducts, or such, semi-tropical products as to supply the economic requirements and maize and millet. In common with the raw materials of German industry; and rest of Tropicat Africa, its full exploits | in the second, and for more important, tion was still retarded by the undefeated | place, to become the recruiting ground animal and human diseases, especially for vast native armies, the great value of which has been demonstrated in the tant when science would overcome those

campaign of this war, and drawbacks. In the meantime, Enst and.

harbours on the Atlantic and Central Africa must not be looked on as Ocean, would supply the naval and sub annoyance which irritates me very much. an area for white colonization. Perbany

In the Army we have, as you doubtless they would never be a white man's routes es from which both occan know, a habit of referring both to persons |

and American sen

be dominated and British and things by initial letters. It is WSG: brought to naught. The native armies us with a kind of code which may often per would be ful babit. It saves time, and it provides will be useful in the next great war, to prevent cutsiders from knowing what we which the German General Staff 19 are talking about. already devoting serious attention as preferring at home to the D.I.D. and to fell into the wap of pears from the recently published book M.I and to DAQ.M.G., and so on. of General von Fraytag Deputy Chief of used to explain to Emmeline what they the German General Staff Deductions of the World War The untrained lisest, and I thought she seemed rather

impressed down before these German trained hordes our flat remarked upon the muddy stato of the young of South Africa will FD But one

morning jest ug I was leaving of Africans, who will also be able to deal of the stair carpet and Emmeline at onco with North Africa and Egypt without the said, "I'll speak to H.P. about it. detection of any white troops from Ger many, and they will in addition man the great armly planted on the flank of Asin whose forces could be felt throughout all who knows how much farther? the Middle East as far as Persin, and

That shows how little you know about it I said severoly

"Yes,"

replied thoughtfully, it

does

shs

malaria; but the time was not far distally in East Africa, while the natural lately she has hit upon a method of

country in any real sense. But that would not make East and Central Africa less interesting or less valuable For merly we did not fully appreciate the value of the tropics in the economy of civilization. It was only quite recently that people had come to realize that without an abundance of the raw mate rial which the tropics alone could supply the highly developed industries of today would be impossible,

POLICY OF GERMANY....

It is clear from their practice in East Africa (General Sinnts continued) that the Germans bad decided to develop the country not na an ordinary calony, but is a tropical possession for the cultiva tion of tronical raw material. They systematically discouraged white settle. ment. Instead, tracks of country were granted to companies, syndicates, or dividuals with large capital, on condition that plantations for tropical products were cultivated. Before the way much capital had been sunk in the country in this manner, and everywhere one came across their extensive plantations. The planters were supplied with native labour under a Government stein which com pelled the natives to work for the plant- ers for a very small wage during part

of every year, and as native labour was

thus very plentiful and cheap in this territort, with its 73 millions of natives, the future for the capitalist syndicates. seemed rosy. No wonder that under this corvee system East Africa and the Came roon were rapidly developing into very valuable tropical assets from which in time the German Empire would have

derived much of the tropical raw mate

marino

Indian

This is the grandiose scheme. It is no mere fanciful picture, but based on the writings of great German publicists, pro- fessors, and high colonial authorities, and chapter and very could be quoted in the fullest detail for every feature of the scheme The civilization of the African natives and the economic development of this Dark Continent must be subordinated to the most far-reaching schemes of Ger the world must he brought in subjection man world power and world conquest, to German militarism, and as in former centuries.

All along she has taken this tone, and

I frowned and looked at her for an explanational changes a

Dh, didn't you know?" she said. HP stands for the Hall PortonII can't get him I'll put the D.A.C. on to it know. Bye-bye." -the Deputy Assistant, Charwoman, you

I had kartething rathe, cutting to say just coming into my mind, but Emmeline whisked in and shut the door before it atured

This was the begining of a series of such foolish pleasantries. Ewueline and her sisters used to employ a code of the kind among themselves. For instance, if dianer, and there was not quite enough friends came anexpectedly to luncheon or of one dish to go round, one would say 50; indeco, again, the African

F.H.B... native must play his part in the new back" und ich meant Family; hold

and then another slavery is poure

THE BRITISH POINT OF VIEW #P.I.P." which stood might reply, The point of view of the British Em- kind of thing every day

Pantry Now pire, remarked General Smats, was very shall have

I have to endure this

different indeed. In the first place, it C.W-B.M., Emmeline said at breakfast

to speak never had any military ambitions apart this morning, looking into the milk jug from the measure of sen power essential I went on munching tonst. Don't you to its continued existence. In Africn it want to know who that is?" she went on

funniest an

took an interest in your clu

mumbled

had always opposed any such policy

rial for its industrica de

With regard to tropical Africa, so vast in area, so great in resourecs, the first that, so

no impartial person could deny Well who i

consideration for its exploitation was either for muitarting the natives, The Girl who Brings the Milk of

or industrial purcours she told me triumphantly**

sure it isn't as creamy as it ought to he Parhaps, though, she reflected, I'd better go straight to the V.L.F.

poses, British policy had on the whole, or very long stretch of years had a tender regard for native interests, and ficial to the natives in their gradual its results had on the whole been bene civilization.

British

mischievously You'd

"never guess that,” she added, It's the Vendor of Lacteal Fluid dignity, as I rose and drew myself up to Enough of this fooling," I said with full

Emmeline I must e I shall dine out," I told her coldly.

Rather a good one, that

In shaping this wise statesmen had had a very long and wide African experience to guide them, and in consequence they had avoided the very dangerous and dubious policies which the German newcomers had set in motion member i and among these not the least dangerous. was to regard the native primarily us" All right," she said, so shall I raw material to be manufactured into There's only the R.CM. Got it? Re. military power and world power.

mains of the Cold Mutton, and the D.C.B. says he won't have any more this week. Director of the Carcase Repository, she added sweetly

In

I left the room hastily.

the opening up of communications. The lakes, the Nile and the Congo formed the principal natural links in any chains of communications, and the ques- tion was how far railways had, or would, come in to complete these chains? Two railways built during the war in the Congo territory had largely extended communications from east to west and From the centre to the south. He re ferred to the lines from Kambove to Bukana on the Congo and those from Kabalo on the Congo to Albertville on Lake Tanganyika. Besides these through communications the Uganda Railway connected Lake Victoria Nyanch with the the second place, the objects pursued Indian Ocean at Mombasa, while, in the by British policy on the African con near future, Lake Nyanza would preb tinent were inherently pacific and defen ably also be connected with the Indian sive. We desired no man's territory, and Ocean at Kiliva, in German East Africa only to live in peace and develop the A little inter, when I left the flat with and Port Amelin, in Portuguese Enst great African territories and populationsout seeing Emmeline again, she called to Africa. A railway was also in course pire was far and away the greatest Pity your S.H. isn't a little stronger."

entrusted

to our care. The British En of construction with Lovita Bay, un the African Power, and no other, Power had I wonder what she can have meant by

tue as I went down the stairs: Atlantic, to the Katanga Cooper areas, already reached from the south and enstable with it. And looking at the

interests on the continent at all compar.. that by the railways from Cape Town and from the broadest points of view, Jook Beira. It was, therefore, clear that the ing at the magnitude of its Imperial opening up of Central Africa eastwards, African interests and the future welfare westwards, and southwards to the Indian of the vast native populations, and its irrevocable break with militarism, the and Atlantic oceans had proceeded difficult task of civilizing the Dark Con-law of self-preservation must be consid rapidly. Bak tineat looking, further upon Africa as ered paramount. No fresh extension of COMMUNICATION TO THE MEDITERRANEAN. the half-way house to India and Aus-Prussian militarism to other continents The question remained as to the comtraliasia, the British Empire asked only and eens should be tolerated; and the munication to the Mediterranean, and for peace and security-internal peace conquered German colonies can only be the problem was how to connect Lake tions. It could not allow the return of the future peace of the world. This and security of its external communica regarded as guarantees as securities for Albert with the Central and South African systems. Three routes were portion of the natives and their employment the vast bulk of the young nations who conditions which meant the militariza opinion will be shared, I feel sure, by sible--one wholly Belgian, one partly for schemes of world British and partly Belgian, and one allow naval and submarine bases to be pire. They have no military aims or power; it could not form the Dominions of the British Em wholly British any of which would com- organized on both sides of the African ambitions. plete the Cape to Cairo railway with the coast to the endangerment of the sea tasks of peace; their greatest interest and Their tasks are solely the necessary lake and river transport communications of the Empire and the their aim is peace Voluntarily they wherever the Congo and Nile were prac peace of the world. And it must insist joined in this war, and to their effort is ticable to steamers. It was quite prob on the maintenance of conditions which largely due the destruction of the Ger able that by one or other of these three would guarantes land communications man Colonial Empire, and censequent routes, through communications from for its territories from one end of the provention of the German military eye South Africa to the Mediterranean might continent to the

The British Ear other be established within the next ten years. pire was not like Germany, Russia, or They should not be asked to consent to tem being spread to the ends of the earth. It was unnecessary to point out how the United States, a compact territorial the restoration lo great, an impetus would be given to the entity; it was scattered over the globe and fresh foothold for militarism in the militant Germany to exploitation on the vast industrial re-entirely dependent upon the maintenance southern hemisphere, and thus endanger sources of Central Africa by the openingence. And in future these lines of communities, who are developing the wasto of communication for its continued exist the future of their young and rising com- of these various communications of even some of them,

munications should proceed not only by spaces of the earth. They want a new With this vital industrial aspect of sos, but by land.

One of the most impressive lessons of has heen a Mouros Doctrine for the West, Monroe Doctrine for the South, as there tropical Africa was wrapped up the this vast war was the vulnerability of to protect it against European militar- equally important political sepcet, and sea power and sea communications through ism. Behind the sheltering wall of such the two in their combination were the development of under water trans doctrine they promised to build up a certain to make of tropical Africa one port and the immense importance of new, peaceful world, not only for tho of the great problems of future world railroad communication. In fact, to be selves, but for the many millions of black politics. It was interesting to noto how really effective, the two should go hand folk entrusted to their care. rapidly the situation had changed owing fin-hand. Nor were we at the end of the The enemy's stubborn defenc to a complete change in the geographical chapter in discovering new means of last Colony has not only been a great outlook He would put before too talable, but probable that only once feat in itself, but, it is also a proof the contrasted points of view on

that aerial naviga the supreme world politics; first the German point of tion might revolutionize the present situa. German

And all these considerations pointed to a strategical point of departure for the as an economic asset and as thought for the future, and wearing the African Empire to which I have refurred. the necessity of our exercising wise ford establishment of the future Cebral communications of the Empire by every The premature or unwise restoration of legitimate means

might, therefore, have consequences reaching far beyond the confines of the foreses that the East African campaign, African continent. It is not difficult to while apparenly a minor side-show in the Minister has spoken on this subject for great world war, may yet have impor the Government, and I have nothing to tant bearings upon the future of the add except this general consideration world. At the conclusion of peace, our as long as there is no real change of statesmen will be bound to bear in mind heart in Germany, and no final and these wider and necurer issues, fraught with such consequences to the world and (Continued at fool of nest Uolumn) to the British Empire in particular.

of

his

view, and, secondly, the British point of tion beyond anything dreamed of to day, Lalony Government attached by the

to this foreign

THE GERMAN COLONIES German East Africa to its former owners.

view. The Germans were not in search of colonies after the English model; they were not on the lookout for oversea homes for Bettlers from Germany. It is clear that Germany has not the old traditional English colonial point of I do not wish to say anything to- view,” said General Emuls. German night. colonial aims are really not colonial, but the disposal of East Africa or other Gez General Smuts concluded. "about are entirely dominated by far-reaching man colonies after the war. The Prime conceptions of world politics. Not colonies, but military power and strategic possessions for exercising world power in future are her real aims Her ultimate object in Africa was the establishment Jof a great Central African empire, com- prising not only her colonies before the

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