1918-04-17 — Page 7

GERMAN SCHEMES IN CHINA. WHAT WOULD HAVE HAPPENED

IF THERE HAD BEEN NO WAR

Per HONGKONG'S BENEVOLENT SYMA

PATHY FOR GERMAN INTERESTS.

The following extract from Volume 19, part 178, of The Time, "History and Encyclopedia of the War will be read with interest in China and Hongkong:- To deal fully with the ramifications of German intrigue in the Far East would require much more space than is here available; the present chapter enn only give u brief resume of the subject. For this purpose it will be convenient in the first place to deal with the political and financial policy pursued by the German Government in Chine before the war essentially a policy of intrigue and the

THE HONGKONG

operations, she claimed the right to join in the landing of troops for the protection of: Shanghai. When the time came in October, 1902 for the joint evacuation of that centre of British influence by the international forces the German Govern ment gare unmistakable ovidence of its policy by making it a condition of the withdrawal of her troops that Chint should agree not to grant to any other Power any preferential advantage, politi cal, military, maritime or economic in the Yangteze Valley, nor the right to occupy any point commanding the river, whether below or above Shanghai, Had Great

DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 17TH. 1918.

THE SOCIETY OF ST. GEORGE. HONGKONG.

freed from these vexatious restrictions, nothing but the policy of losses-faire, while at the same time assuring the and a somnambulistic belief in the beac Anglo-French financiers that it desired volent purposes of internationalism in participation in the loan business with high finance. The British Government, a view to imposing them more effectively as Mr. McKenna complacently admitted In eventually repudiating their political in the House of Commons as Inte na 1030, obligations to Great Britain, the Chinese « find no evidence that the relations which Government had every reason to believe have cxisted between the Hongkong and that the British and French financiers Shanghai Banking Corporation, and the concerned chiefly desired to avoid cut Deutsch-Asiatische Bank have had a pre- throat competition in the loan business, judicial effect apon British interests or und, having no direct interest in the British prestige in the Far East, or that maintenance of the safeguards in question, German influence has had an opportunity would be prepared to dispense with them in this connection of being exercised to and to follow the Gorman load. All that the prejudice of British interests. Britain possessed anything like a policy was required was a bold coup de main by being the convictions, such the policy THE in the Far East this insolent repudiation the German Bank, backed by the German of the British Government, it is perhaps of a definite understanding would have Government, and this was forthcoming at not a matter for wonder that British

financiers been countered by insistence on Germany's the psychological moment. On January following the line of least resistance, should have felt justified in abandonment of her claims to preferential 1st, 1900, the Anglo-French negotiations advantages

associated Downing for the Hankow-Canton Railway on end should gradually have become more deriving its to describe some of the characteristically Street in Shantung.ration with the Viceroy Chang Cuih-tung had and more closely

Street, could see no reached a the in their German State-controlled Red witho man agerits at Peking, and in the pre- in the situation beyond that of Russia's objecting to the conditions stipulating for failure to realize the fact that the

on construction,

ism of German finance, Cosmopolitanism vinees to mislead and intimidate the advance. Germany's blunt challenge was control over expent Bank cauenfor like that of German Socim Chinese Government and to prevent them gracefully overlooked, her humiliating At this point the

deliberate conspiracy: from joining the Allies, conditions were tacitly accepted, and ward in London with a definite claim

The first definite indications of German irreparable injury was thus inflicted to participate in the loan. The repro- falsehood, quifully directed by the

sentative of the Hongkong and Shanghai

German Government. Indeed China Thereafter, as Lussia's grip synchronized with the rapid development

tightened upon the Manchurian provinces them to participation—was

ing in England before the outbreak of of the Pan-Germanic Drang nach in 1502 and 22 war between that Power authorized by the Foreign Office to on the war, and bent in mind how far. Osten," which took place after the K and Japan (allied to Great Britain) salt the French Government, and the ser's second visit to Constantinoplecare more and mote probable, the French financial groups in the matter reaching was the "peaceful penetration!! 1808, his emergence as the protector of Islam, the granting of the Arst Bagdad

of and industries in the most vital centres reply undermining British interests of overy to listen to the proposal. Railway concession, and the significant kind. The defeat of Rassin by Japan was communicated to the Germans "word of our national life, the stranglehold obtained by Germany over our political Announcement of the fact that Germany checked for a moment, but in no way for word, accompanied by an expression finance in the Far East sinks into com- future lay upon the water. Russia's for modified, the Kaiser's plans. For a little of regret at its unfavendable character parative insignificance. One is prompt ward movement in Korea and Manchuris while, from 1905 to 1907, his agents walked which the French Ambassador in London been the eventual results of the Teuton's

by the British Bank, proceeding to

ed, indeed to wonder what would have and the inauguration of her policy of more delicately German finance, repre

(1800)

took strong exception. The British Force were closely followed by the Emperor William and his

advisers began to

wada and

Weltpolitik activities in the Far Ea upon Britsib prestige throughout Central Bank who was 10 favour of BNI look to the condition of affairs obtain

ment of

co-operation with British

Their

patient unscrupulous mole work had

Our

Conquest by Railway and Bank at Peking sented by the Deutsch Asiatische Bank Office at this juncture had no policy Peaceful penetration" had there been before the definite establish renewed fest a marked desired ather than that of its financial advisers no war. In China, at all events, his Three years pheres of influence in Chins financiere and under the unrevoked as subsequent events clearly proved. taken such advantage of our easy-going (1808) which resulted from Russiagreement of 1895 (above referred to Deutsch-Asiatische Bank, confronted with free-trade blindness that in Hong dance in the north, Germany had intinsisted on rights of participation with the French refusal, but assured of the keng and the Treaty ports much of the the Hongoing and Shangbai Bank in the sympathy of its British associates, mated her intention of taking and Boxer indemnity loan. Toe was the loan Ten days later the Viceroy China had passed into German hands- This financial announced its intention of competing for position secured for British traders by carlier ware and treaties with scramble reversionary rights

rapprochement, as many to the sick man's estate in the the Faraone of the menus designed for Conng, fully informed of the facts of the German interests had been steadily Post In 1895, the Deutsch-Asiatische Linsidious attacks

upon the British position situation by Herr Cordes, the political then newly established at Berlin the canonage of high nuance in the Director of the German Bank definitely developed and extended at our expense. to perform for Germany services similar diplomatic felino opportunity of damage declined to concede the conditions which helt of this policy, at least 26 to those which the Russo Chinese Bank got in

H.M. Minster at Peking had declared per cent, of the Manchester pitce goods fulfilled for Russian policy, concluded an in China (the Hongkong and Shanghai observed agreement with the leading British Banking the situation at the beginning of 1905, to be the irreducible minimum consistent trade was handled in China by German The Time Correspondent at Peking with Great Britain's preferential rights agents a state of affairs which naturally

A week later anticipating the coup de created a strong undercurrent of sym Banking Corporation), by virtue of which

main, Bir John Jordan officially notifiedpathy for German interests, only to clearly reflected in our financial and both parties agreed to share all Chines0

activities. At, Hongkong, Government business which either might

Britain would

expect the Viceroy to obtain. This apparantly innocuous finna

recognize his obligations by not accepting cial arrangement was concluded with the

Germany were most marked. For OKLIN knowledge and approval of the British

any foreign offer for the loan without insidious influences brought to bear by Farst

him or informing

of its conditions and ple, the Board of Directors of the

and Shanghai Bank as a mensure beneficial to British interests bid for political supremacy in the sideration by British capitalists. This

Crown and calculated to serve as a counterpoise Yangtze Valley. Having entangled fu. Note, which partook of the nature of an 1914, the whole business and administra to the forward movement of Russian ancis

avaricious Sheng and the

ultimatum, would

tion of the Cuiony was indeed, so French ambitions, then supported by

of the Pinghsiang collieries and reason to believe that the British Govern long after the outbreak of war, it con aggressiva nima were revealed by her railwas and the important Hanyang ment would stand to its guns. Unfor

two days after its itterly unjustifiable seizure of Kinoch ironworks. A German from the Consular bunately, t

volent sympathy for German interests German missionaries), and it began to tung; a German shipping firm receives 4 Shanghai Bank was again pudorized by as to evoke strong protests from patriotic

British be perceived that the support

etch she subsidy of £3,000 a year from the Viceroy the Foreign Office to approach the French British Chamber in June, 1015, the of Commerce at Shang had given to Russia and France in com as compensation for being denied per

with a view to securing German pelling Japan to abandon the fruits of mission to station a pontoon in the fair participation in the loan

haj passed a resolution regretting the _of_the___ British Government in the Linotung Peninsula way near the Han river & German günol, which mission an

was de post offices are being extended, and on February 27th and in Berlin on March

at the same time Reuter's agent stated that consequence of support

The policy of Germany is consistent and the Chinese Foreign Office that Great the results of the subtle and

definite. Having established her in fluence in Bhantung, where she possesses a monopoly of all railway construction and mining, she has seized the advantage

Foreign Office. It was generally regarded given by our vacillating policy to make allowing a reasonable time for their comHongea boasted four fok in w

40 doubt have had permented by German influence that,

capital. Three year later Germanhang Chih-tung, she has secured effective had the Chinese Government

(as compensation for the murder of two service is foreign adviser to Chang Chit representative of the Hotch, the inued to be characterized by such bene

groups

and

the result At Part

Ant of Tbout now patrols, the Yangtaze German concluded between the gauchamp tacit consent to German trad

by no mennt

TOMBOLA

IN AID OF WAR CHARITIES)

PRIZES WILL AVERAGE 6 :FOR EVERY 100 SPILLS SOLD. There are in all 2,000 Prizes Valued at Approximately $20.000. Purchasers of Spills Containing Numbers must keep such Spills until St. George's Day when the Prizes will be drawn in public view.

SPILLS $1.00 EACH ARE ON SALE AT ALL CLUBS, HOTELS, STORES. ETC.

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Dozens of l'iatures, Curios and Fancy Goods,

also

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ANYWHERE

You will see the mark of Montgomery Ward and Company on

For

bores and crates of quality merchandise in ports the world over. German trade WAS

Concessions in 1808; but it was not lond While the number of British in Hankow standing in China for equal Pay on recorded its opinion that was more than fifteen years we have exported to consumers and merchants

established after the Battle of new German Consuls are being appointed 1st for an Anglo-French-German under from Manchester the China Associa

Offer

reviving in

before the unpleasant truth was manifest has remained stationary during the Jast in all railway loan business, that, under the cloak of friendiness, Cer 13 years, the number of Germans has

action of the British Foreign

bad policy in our own interests to many was intent not only upon estats increased eightfold. Germans are now in sanctioning these Mahing her own exclusive sphere is Chap negotiation for the right of equipping financier. In meters of far-reaching help Garmans, in China to attain in nearly every corner of the globe.

negotiations f

their commercial position thing, as tung: but that she was determined to oust the stablisting in chan contem political importance affecting the Entente we had been doing for the past ten Great Britain from her legitimate sphere plates establishing at Ping-hsiang. could only be justified ven-vis the French

Owing to the rapid growth of our business in the Far East, and in the Yangtze Valley and to undermine It might reasonably have been expected Government on grounds of expediency, months. The Times observed that there our vested economic interests there and that after establishing the uterte with and if it could be shown that are was imple-evidence to warrant the be

lief that trade between Manchester and y elsewhere in Chine. As the result of the France, Great Britain would have realized sion of the German Bank to participation Germans in China, which the British the greatly increased demand for our catalogue, we now keep a supply firin stand taken by Lord Salisbury in and opposed the obviously hostile in the loan would promote the avowed Government had refused to prohibit 1808, the

the British sphere had been machinations of German policy in Chinn Policeive insistence of

England and France by really amounted in many instances to of our latest issue at the following offices definitely recognized by the German Goy but the Foreign Office gave no signs of

on the wain-trading between Manchester and Ger ernment more than that, an agreement appreciating its dangers, and British tenance of the necessary control Gier was concluded in September of that year policy continued to "drift with the tide expenditure-in other words, if Germany. The contention of the Manchester

merchants interested in this trade was T. B. TOLMAN. 911 URBIZTONDO, MANILA. between the Hongkong and Shanghai of laissez faire and cosmopolitan free many's financial and diplomatic agents that their German distributore, were Bank and the Deutsch Asiastische Bank, trade in capital. When in 1807, na theat king would repudiate the promises prevented from obtaining Lancashire AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY MANILA, by virtue of which German capital was result of considerable agitation by Partia they had made to the Chinese Govern good, they would cotain supplies from precluded from competing with British ment and the Press, steps were taken to ment.

new Trigly the preamble to the

Japans in deference to this view Ger

HONGKONG. * agreement contained capital in the Yangtze Valley in return proceed with the construction of the an undertaking that all loans would be mara in Chine, were not regarded as WELLS FARGO & COM EXPRESSISHANGHAI for a similar self-denying undertaking remained undeveloped since 1898, the milway concessions which had by the British i

enemies within the meaning of the Act in regard to Shantung

“accompanied by suitable guarantees tal the strength of public opinion on

Write to-day to the nearest office for a copy of our handsome subject became Blue Book No 1 of 1899) This herec. tions quite clear by informing its British the object for which they were ostensibly ment was officially endorsed by both partner that, unless admitted to full raised The Dautech-Asiatische Bank as issued forbidding trade with Ger catalogue, illustrating thousands of articles of American manufacture at Governments: But the ink was hardly participation in these British enterprises group in Berlin also agreed that a mans in Ching and Siam. The in- dry on this scrup of paper before the on terms of complete equality, it would return for participation, nese, and of sympathy and support from unre money-saving prices. In it we explain full details of our favourable

they would genious Teuton, however, still confident group to the policy of insisting upea means of evading the King's regulations shipping arrangements and low carload rates to the Orient. adhere, along with the Anglo-French generate free traders requently found

According to dispatches sent

British

a

and the Yellow River Valley (vide Chine Deutsch-Asiatische Bank made its inten. that the loan funds would be devoted to the 5th, 1915, mistakable. On

Germans showed that they had no inten compete for them and other business in withdraw their offer to the tion of fulfilling the Compact. The the Venigen Vue en -earnest of those

It proceeded to give an intentions in 1898 by opening independent negotiations with the Viceroy of Wuching for two railways, both of which had been definitely recognized 18 reserved for British enterprise by the Chinese Goyers

control over loan

Proclamation

CHICAGO, THA

realized that the Government's vigorous defence of its interests on this scension was not the outcome of any con

Accordingly the Deutsch Asiatische Bank, the Board of Trade enabled him to It was now time for the coup de mai hai in July, special cences issued by tinuous or consistent national policy in

ignoring the scrap of paper which they obtain possession of all supplies in the

In addition to our large freight shipments, we export more than the Far East, and they laid their plans

had signed in Borlin, Bye days, before hand, of hippers before any chants five hundred Parcel Post packages every day. with characteristic German thoroughness

proceeded through their representative 20

my 26th at of dishonesty to take advantage of the tent Front this date forward the policy Peking to sign a loan agreement with the becane Chinese traders by the imple furt Pursuing for the time being and proceedings of the Deutsch-Asiatische Viceroy Chang for the Hankow-Canto expedient of a nominal transfer to nolicy of peaceful penetration along the Beak constitute a very instructive object Hallway, in which the stipulated contro dummy Chinese firms, of which they

of least resistance, the activities of lesson in German political finance and over loan funds was not included.

No matter where you live, it will pay you to get our catalogue German diplomatic and financial agents afford conclusive proof of Germany's German Legation at Peking took a vigorous totion, by the community was and place a trial order. We absolutely guarantee safe delivery.

The remained managers. In Hongkong were steadily directed to pegging out scientifically organized use of the cosmo active part in persuading new claims to influence, chiefly at Great politan financier as an auxiliary force Government that they might with required before the interned German

the Chinese Britain's expenes. The British Foreign for the advancement of her Weltpolitik.

merchants were. eventually deported, Office, thenceforward basing its policy to it is no exaggeration to say that the punity commit themselves to this flagrat despite undeniable evidence of their con

MONTGOMERY WARD & CO., a very great extent upon the advice of activities of British and French anant of bad faith, and the result was. Cela smuk intrigues with the Chinese, de the financial syndicate to which had been ciers, largely directed from Berlin, and red by the German press as a triumphrite the fact that German agente were entrusted the financing and construction hair unfortunate influence in Down of German diplomacy Downing Street using the Crown Colony and the Treaty of several important railway undertaking Street, from 1907 to the outbreak of confronted by the fail accomph, sough Port of China as centres for a Bolo ings went out of its way to reassure and war, made British diplomacy and British comfort and justification for inaction propagands of scurrilous falsehood and consiliate the German Government by a capital subservient to the political pur of cosmopolitan, înance né a pracy pro in India. The liquidation of the busines

its persistent belief in the abiding virtue,

for creating sedition and unrest August 1898

of graceful concessions. In poses of Germany in China. They result

for Berlin Foreign Offent

the the ed in 1909 in the surrender to Germany, a secured its ends the of the Deutsch-Asiatische Bank and other that

to share the busi large German businesses proceeded with offered nation under most, humiliating conditions of ress with the British and French groups, leisure, deliberation white berie taken by Sir Claude Macdonald At

of participation in the Yangtaze After some face-saving negotiation he volent attitude displayed by the adminis Peking (in

the British enterprise) had been

securing the railwaye for despite reported offer was oventually accepted, with

much unfavourable comment. in the despite repeated protesta from the French result that under German auspices, tration and the widespread belief that common interest of England and Gar Foreign Office and warnings from His British and French capital was made many Germans places were being kept many, and that a co-operation of Britian Majesty's Minister at Peking available for the Chinese under conditions warm for them, evoked several strong and German capital in China was what The method by which the Deutsch which were bound on the one hand to pro expressions of dissatisfaction from the the British Government desired. The Asiatische Bank enlisted the sympathy of mote the prestige end commercial inter unsficial British Government was destined to gathe Chinese Government and of the highests of Germany and on the other to Council

Bank

it, and 1 learn by bitter experience the provincial authorities in support of its accelerate the pace at which Chips was cost of that co-operation,

After obtaining the lease of Wroceedings and induced them to evade moving towards bankruptcy and

or repudiate their

Britain

combined

to Great In extenuation of

of the part with far

bauwei from China the British Govern ment went out of its way to give assur, seeing ingenuity ences that it would not interfere with Great Britain and France had adopted concerned it is only fair to Germany's special privileges especi with a view to increasing the stability of failing

firm policy and ally in regard to railways and mining China's finacoes, was, to insing that an ion of Germany & aims in Dow enterprises in Shantung The Boxar lotus made to Chug for, railway on Street, failing anything like the f rising in 1900 provided Germany with an straction must be accompanied by certain man co-ordination of political and fron. onportunity of revealing the manner in measures of expervision and control over cial ends, they could never hope te which she intended to carry out her the expenditure of loan funds. The pete Successi fully with the Denta undertaking to act reciprocally as regard Chinese Government, and the Viceroy Asistische

Bank at Peking Behind Jerognition of the British sphere of Chang Chih-tung in particular greatly Rank were all the highly organized ind Fence The murder of the German resented these restrictions which they trial forces, all the utterly unscrupulou Minister at Peking constituted sufficient considered derogatory to their dignity

methods of

Germany s Weltpolitik pretext for her to claim the leadership although notunulated experience had lind the British Bank, entrusted by of the Allies avenging forces and to shown them to be Fundamentally necos British Government with the carrying impress the Chinese people with the sary. The German Bank's simple and out of important railway concessions (to might and majesty of the mailed fist ingenious method of procedure was to obtain which China had been threatened | trati Incidentally, as part of the military promise the Chinese Government loans with a naval demonstration), there was pato

olicy which and orentually by the French

this lamentable surrender by rush sheners

the Legislative British commercial com

these

demonst fealing took place on hen the three unofficial uncil brought forward for the exclusion of Hongkong for a period the war. The resolu

rejected by the

Chinese re posed to the the resolut

pending port

the question as to ph coaling stations proposer

the consensus

aded for many-bere

ing her neacatul pene

the strongholds of British

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[1865