1918-01-16 — Page 7

OUR LONDON LETTER. THE STERN REALITIES OF WAR. OBJECT LESSON OF ATTACK UPON ITALY.

THE - HONGKONG, DAILY, PRESS, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 16TH. - 1018.

WHAT VENICE IS TO THE CONSCIENCE AND THE VOTE

ALLIES.

WATCHDOG THAT CLOSES AUSTRIAN PORTS.

[BY AN ANGLO-VENETIAN. Venice is to associated in the public mind with moonlight, romance, and gondolas that her value as the second busiest port in Italy before the war, and since the war as a base for naval opera- tions, is forgott

STRIKING SPEECH BY LORD

HUGE CECIL

COUNT HERTLING.–

THE ULTRAMONTANE CHANCELLOR

The proposal to disfranchise conscien-HIS POLITICAL CAREER. tious objectors drew from Lord Hagh Cecil a speech--the greatest that he has delivered and a noble example of lofty eloquence. He began quietly by recalling that the enactment of the disability would be retrospective legislation, that it should have been inserted, as a penalty for con- scientious exemption, in the Conscription Acts. Objection as a seditious device he denounced, but 'moral and religious objection was different There was a higher law than State law. Men were responsible, here and hereafter, in time

PA CORRESPONDENT OF THE TIMES.

For a second time in the history of the German Empire the oflicen of Imperial Chancellor and Minister-President of Prussia are to fled by a Bavarian Prince Hohenlohe when be succeeded Caprivi in 1894 was 75 years of age Count Hertling the seventh Chancellor. is in his 75th year.

[FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

LONDON, November 12th One result of the Italian disaster that a great change has come over opinion. The pleasant feeling of optimism as fo the course of the war which had seized upon the nation from the Cabinet Minister to the costermonger has disap The German semi-official statement prared. No doubt that is so much to that the famous art city has become a the good, since easy optimism in wartime centre of war industries is one of the engraders a certain slacknes, of offer usual lies that precede a fresh net of and without ceaseless effort sustained a vandalism, for Venice has no war indus fullest patch this war will never end in ties of importance excepting the ship our favour, broke the Italian lines and poured saane walls from the time when the ring through the Alps highly placed members galleys that carried the first Crusaders to

DR. LYTTELTON AND THE CUTLER PALMER & CO.S

PRESS.

A REMARKABLE SPEECH.

The Rev. the Hon. Edvard Lyttelton, D.D. late Headmaster of Eton, made un attack upon the Press recently in tho coure of a lecture delivered. at York under the auspices of the University Ex- tension Society. After denouncing the present l'arliamentary system as a sham apparent to any school boy, he said that the real power was vested in the Press,

He then asked if there were any report ers present, and was informed by several members of the audience that there was

a Press representative in the hall. Dr. Lyttelton said he must ask the reporter to hold his hand with regard to what he was about to say.

For weeks before the Germait hordes building that has been carried on behind and in eternity for obeying that law most distinguished representative of the Dr. Lyttelton then went on to say that

- CHRISTIAN FIRET."

of the Government went about the country the Holy Land were built there. Turning to Mr. Bonar Law, Lord-High race of Bavaria in the Imperial idea. He product, and the editors or proprietors

declaring that the war was as good as won. All that we and our Allies had to de was keep hammering away till America had time to pull her weight After that, it was suid, we should be in position to dietate terms to Germany. No wonder people began to cultivate a comfortable feeling that all was well. But the Kuns have dispelled the illusion The attack upon Italy, transcending the ntmost hopes of the enemy, has brought. asback suddenly to the stark realities of the struggle End shown us that there is no room for optimism,

argued thus:-

!!!

Age apart, there is, however, as little in common between the circumstances and meaning of the two appointments as he tween the two men Hohenlohe was the Liberal tendencies of South Germany He had contributed largely to the acquies. newspapers were primarily a commercial sregarded the creation of the Empire, as u were mainly concerned with these things. Venice is not a munition centre. Her importance is due to the fact that with You say that the safety of the State Liberal gain, and his services to the which made for increased circulation the shelter of her lageons behind them is the supreme Jaw there is nothing be Empire in varions capacities were based Accordingly they preferred * sensations the watchdogs of the Italian navy have yend it. It is a doctrine not novel in upon progressive opinions which were to facts, because fiction was more exciting. kept the Adriatic swept of the enemy deed, it is now notorious. It is precisely deadedly an-Frassian. There is a famous than fact, the public liked excitement or No more trathc has come to the Austrian what Bethmann Hollweg said in defend age in the Hohenlohe memoirs which sensation, and they got it. He had it port of Trieste, or to the Istrian coast ing Germain aggression. Why blame they instructive, now In December, on the authority of a local reporter, whe was on the staff of a large newspaper, that he once received instructions from towns than has come to those other enemy German Government Nurse Cavell was 1898 when Hohenlohe had had four years held ports of Antwerp and the Belginn technically guilty. It was only the of the Chancellorship, he made the coast since the war began,

Higher Law that condemned her punish following entry in his diary after a Royal the head office in London to the effect that he was to send s story of a cer Venice was the vase for those useful ment. Why echo the very language of her bor-shooting party at Springe tail event, whether the facts were acces excursions to the Gulf of Trieste when murderers? We are Christians frste When I sit thus among the Frussian naval long-range guns collaborated with are Englishmen afterwards, And the Excellenes I see clearly the contrast be the Carso army-besides other sorties Christian faith claims uz absolutely — tween. North Germany and South Ger-

many * South German Liberalism cannot not yet to be mentioned. The Italians body and soul have kept the austrian warships bottled

stand up against the Junkers. They are up in Pola ns effectually as British

co numerous, too powerful, and they watchdogs have imprisoned the German navy in the Kiel Canale of military age in Ireland because they are the Monarchy and the Army on their 1f Venice were in German hands the are Irish. You deny them to Englishmen side. Moreover, the Centre goes with whole Adriatic coast of Italy would be in because they are religious. You give them

votes to Sinn Feiners convicted rebels In Count Hertling there is certainly He is the very type, as he was for years no trace of South German Liberalism" the official leader of the Centre Party which goes with the Prussian Junkers, He does not evde représent. Bavarinu Catholicisto, and even while he led the view what Herr Dernburg would call Centre Party in the Reichstag he was his brutal failure. As a matter of almost the enemy of the Centre Farty in fact the charges against this unfortunate Bavaria By upbringing and habit ficial are somewhat obscure, and can Hertling may almost be said to belong to only be described as a general accusation the West of Germany rather than to the of incompetence incompetence to obtain South, and his connection with Rome peace, and incompetence to satisfy any was established through Rhenish Westody, much less any political majority, phelin rather than through Bavaria

What a wood of trouble you are plunging into You gave votes to then

We have still a long way to go before Germany is defeated in the field, and whatever else happens until that is ac complished it cannot be held that we have gained the end in view. Short of that our mighty sacrifices will have en in vain. Waen that happens, however, der victory, shief among them being onse further north then Brindisi, being You give votes to soldiers court-martial depends upon numerous factors that make peril, for there is not such another navaleren when paid by German money. The idea of beautiful Venice being led for any cause-save only conscience British determination and pluck, British nerve and resouros, and the exercise in subjected to bombardment let You give votes to offenders by criminal ave a degree of that staying power of the art lover with horror. Hitherto vice, by adious lusts, to pick pockets, which has carried the Anglo-Saxon race the city's most precious treasures of art robbers-and why? Because there is no through many desperate crises in Euro- and history have escaped the airman's thing conscientious in the actions of these

bombs as by a miracle. Such miracles thieves, miscreants, and scoundrels pean history to ultimate triumphrey

cannot be eternally repeated, but there is FROM THE WEST TO THE SOUTH.

something dearer even than Venice to the Italians and that is Italy. Let no one think lightly that Venice will be sur rendered to the enemy to save her art and architecture from destruction

Courage

You profoundly misjudge public sen- timent. Quiet people who attend church and chapel will never support you in disfranchising every objector while every drainage What nhout the Quaker Ambulance unit, where men have for years risked their lives? By our common religion, as laid down by St.

THE SEVENTS CHANCELLOR'S CABRER

Baron Georg, von Hertling was born of

NAPIER JOHNSTONES

$30 per case.

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COLE AGENTS IN HONGKONG, AND SOUTH CHINA LANE, CRAWFORD & CO.,

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sible or not, or even without regard to the facts 1: The editress of a certain journal niso told him on one occasion that she dare pot correct a statement which she knew to be untrue, or she would lose her position. He gave these incidents a being typical of the policy pursued by the Press of the country in deliberately. ignoring the truth in preference for ASAHI BEER."|

sensationalism," or anything which was value of newspapers. calculated to increase the commercial

in Germany. All parties seem to have agreed upon the formula of the Foruderts that the remaining of this man" in his office constitutes a paralysis of all politi cal functions of the Empire abroad and due neither to his general experiences with the Reichstag nor to the particular

in view of the attempts which will be von Capelle about the naval mutiny:"/ made to create some new "victory of Parliamentarism, it may be well to quote se unexceptionable an authority as Frankfurter Leitung. The organ of Bouth German Liberalism in An out- spoken leading article on October 26th old) —

For the time being the principal theatre of the war has been transferred from Flanders and the North of France to the Italian plains It is still true, na doubt, that the war will be decided in the West; but the German onslaught. If the Germans get near enough to the upon Italy is the momentous fact which islande to bombard them, as they could now governs the situation. To ignore do from the mainland, let it be remem this or to attempt to minimise the bered that naval guns can send shells over Paul, if men think an action wicked, to Darmstadt in 1843 After finishing, his gravity of the case is to show, a lack of the city in return, and vessels moving them it is wicked. You recognise the studies he spent two years in Italy, and at home. Michaelis's fall is certainly

about the lagoons behind the screen of with Mohammedans and Hindoos You in 1867 settled down at Bonn e Che hopes that were centred upon the city would not be spotted by aircraft, do not violate their consciences You Privat-loient Thirteen years passed Russia, with her population of 170,000,000 for the Venetian aerial defence is the most only say they are mistaken. And to before he obtained a professorship The conBiet with the Reichstag and Admiral people, have been. falsified by recent effective in the world excepting possibly punish mistakes of opinion is to go back people hated, the military collapse of that of Essential to the old familiar ground of religious his books. (The Principle of Catholicism reason, as he himself has said in one of Russia was the direct and pre-disposing Enemy raiders time and again eubreed persecution. (A great outburst of cheers.) cause of the blow against Italy If in getting over the centre of the city, To fores another man's consorence is and Science), was that he was written Russia had stood fast the Germans could but that is because, coming from over the against my conscience. Belief in the down as an ultramontane, and the academic progress of ultramontanies in slave detached suficient forces for the sen as they do, the chances for surprise State (as a religion) is beren und der those days was steep and difficul." great adventure southwards. Thus we attacks are extremely favourably. No grading. We fight in this war not for arrive at a fairly clear outlook in a warning of their approach can be given civilisation so much as to keep civilsation general review of the situation Russia until they are at hand. With the element Christian." In & moving and elaborate 1s mat of the war as an active Ally, and of surprise eliminated the city's serial peroration, Lord Hugh exposed the peril considering how things are shaping defence can be trusted to defeated the of uplifting the State until we worship there we shall be fortunate if nothing enemy's purposes. more serious happens in the immediate future, as regards the attitude of those in power in that country towards the Allied Cause, The Germany hold nearly all the territory they over ran in the last three years--Belgium, a good portion of the Bir Arthur Stanley, M.P., speaking at north of France, the whole of Serbia the Royal Institute of Public Health, re- and Montenegro, and all Eussian Poland cently, observed that on one occasion there with Courland and Lithuanis. Up to was a sudden demand on the Red Cross for the present, therefore, in terms of gen4,000 hot water bottles, and he was asked graphy, German has won, and ineiden. if they could be supplied the folowing tally it may be noted that in view of this week: “ it is easy to understand why Kaiserism.Sir Arthur, r.) afterwards found, liament!

new to the job nded undertook to do it at gentlemannars good fortune, that

been to the office the day before and given us 2,000 hot-water the the next morning

WONDERS OF THE RED CROSS

once

is so anxious to open up peace negotia, by

tiona

A SERIOUS BITCATION.

it as adolaters of Moloch.

INEQUALITIES.

-Sir J. Compton Rickett quietly cplied that the duty of rendering to Casar's was not permissive but compulsory-an in Junction to be obeyed."

Sir E Parrott, for the other view, argued that, if this amendment had been in force years ago, it would have dis franchised Bright and Cobden after the Crimean War and the Prime Minister himself after the Boer War Bosides, the disfranchised objectors could sit in Par Mr. Rowntres observed that the amend ment would enact different laws for men

under and over 10. It would not hit men

But having obtained his professorship in 1880, he was transferred, two years later to Munich as Erolessor of Philosophy, He had already for some years been a 1 is necessary to observe that this member of the Reichstag, and his fortunes Chancellor dheis has nothing whatever to advanced rapidly with those of the Centre do with the Reichstag, with Parliament Farty, of which he altimately became the arism, with autocracy, or with anything leader, on the death of Dr Lieber. While of the sor The Parliamentary situation Hertling was in reality the chiefed by a large majority a proposed, vote he was nominally a professor at Munich is sitaply this that the Reichstag roject

although unofficial, representative of Gor of lack of confidence against the Chan- many at the Vatican, and for a generation cellor, and then burned away for holi he has conducted every important German days until December bth All that the negotiation with the Pope; his university leaders of the four parties, have since lectores were as rare as his absences et discussed and resolved, and all such Rome were frequent,

important steps as they have takes While Hertling's career in German Separately or jointly all this has polition could be described only in hissuredly been dictated by a sense of a tory of the Centre Party during his time, great political trouble in the Father there are two events which deserve to be and, of course, is of the highest political rentembered. When Prince Bulow at the importance for the coniing deliberations end of 1806 joined issue with the Centre of the Reichstag, and for its future Party-nominally about Colonial policy relationship to the Government and the

But while it is only common-sense to bottles, and I was able to state that of military age in a certified occupation Hertling, as he explained some years Chancellor, But the Eichstag is not recognise these unpalatable feets it would 4,000, would be ing to the spendid or men who had been medically rejected afterwards took the dissolution of the assembled. The Reichstag is silent,

he unwise to lay loo much stress upon (Hear

them. The situation is serious, but by Do

done by the Red Cross, he means desperate. It is still true that remarked ་ན་ Une Sunday morning the British Empire, France and the went to the office, and found there an United States dispose of mad-power and officer, who said there was an urgent need material resources far greater than the for a hospital at Paris. By five o'clock Central Empires; and in the end these that afternoon the whole personnel of esources will suffice, to bring us victory, a hospital for 100 patients, with equip provided we hold on grimly with the sainement and a number of cases of stores,

steamer out of courage and tenacity that in the end bore. I should add that we had a hospital down and crushed Napoleon,

It would, however disfranchise, members of the Somety of Friends, who had been doing most valuable and dangerous' am- bulance service abroad ever since the war started. People who had sacrified re munerative positions and gone to work on the land for soldiers pay would be disfranchised whilst convicted profiteers ice that the public would not long

a war for freedom, tolerate. He admitted that some Quakers

The Italian disaster finds this country ready to go to Ostend, but the Ger were fighting That was because this wân

had taken the pines two days

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Reichstag as an attempt to establish it because it has silenced itself. What Bow Liberal regime in the Empire and in bappens, or does not happen, can neither Prussia. The result of the elections was cheer the Reichstag nor depress it, for of the Socialists and the Reichstay It is indeed beyond dispute that the the defeat, rot of the Centre Party, but there is no cecision of the Reichstag majority which came into existence was Reichstag has been even more impotent on not a Liberal majority but the famous this than in earlier crisen As Canar blue-black bio the combination of Connerthing has become Chancellor, ho has servatives and Centre Party. Two years presumably found some majority, and

Prince received his with some Reichstag 4s determined as ever to fight on for years Never in their wildest moments did they

arguments the proposed death duties, and has not been in any sense a sermen ment, when the Conservatives and the achody known better than he how the if needs ba; that is the feeling that

Centre Party defeated with reactionary | Reichstag game is played. But the crisis And everywhere I go, and it is reflected think they would have to send motor Mr Chamberlain denied that to de Prince Bulow fell, in the Preas. Of course, there are some launches to Mesopotamia, but they had

Mary crisis, and a regards fferman people crying out against the Government eat between ferty and fifty there and prive a man of the vote made him a It is characteristic of Hertling that domestic politics one can only note Count

ENT EUROPKAN, Non-Additio or Indian against all the Allied Governments they had been of the greatest value martyr. The vote was not a birthright, whereas in 1003 he had strongly supported Hertling's remarkably reactionary record.

deniring to loavo she Colony should for permitting the Italians to go down. by the man of t

They also built B hospital

had but a trust granted under conditions. Bulow and severely criticized the Kaser is amusing enough that, in apparent pply in person of the CESTRAL FOLIOS against Cadorna's forces must have bech allowed themselves to be trammelled by suffrage

har Ambulance men should retain their interview he supported in the summer of has just been committing bisalf afresh And 31.3 30 4 EM daily,

1909 the criticisms against Bulow for his in the Bavarian Dict. Only a week ago

or identification pap Wherever have

previous year the issue which caused the serious reforms in Bavaria, and on Octo- Fee persons with certain exceptions who Kaiser to take his own revenge on Bulow her 26th he took occasion to declare remain in the Colony for more than 7 days as soon as the political situation gave emphatically against Ministerial respon re him his opportunity.

sibility za incompatible with the federal the character of the Empire

ORDINANOR 1916 PERSONS In February, 102, Hertling was sud

Forms of Begistrasion, giring tän Regent Luitpold to succeed Count Porteling Chancellorship f. It is possible, not (320, and at all Polise Beations, observed that personally the principles Podevils was really overthrown by the talk about democratization and Parlia

Sir George Care, the Home Secretary, wils as Minister President of Bavarin because of, but in spite of, all the shame Penalty for Baum ampliance is a In the present emergency after the

and conduct of the conscientious objector Bavarian Centre, Party, and Hartlingamentarization in Germany. If Hertling heart-breaking tragedy of Italy's eva

were to him odious, yet when they had appointment was found peculiarly opis sceptable at all, be will be acceptable sion, an International War Council has

by statute permitted a man to claim venient wing on the one hand to his to the German people only because he exemption from military service they bren called into being in order to give person being, as the Prime Minister, said could not fairly impose upon him power and prestige na head of the whole 15 recommended as the most helpful pro effect to what is called Unity of Con- there was sensitivemos a delictes abilities for having taken advantage of other hand to his aloofness, which has working and intriguing. That parende trol. The pity that such a body was about tendering advice, let alone support bia statutory right He could not vote already been explained from the Centre less the meaning of the open appearance Asiatice Foreign and Colonial

Centre Party in Germany, and on the moter of the peace for which Germany is for any front than that for, which the for the amendment. General was himself responsible, lo the view of the course of the discut

In this respect Germany has enjoyed GERMANY'S ADVARIAGE,

sion it was clear that the amendment delded advantage over the Ailics, ever stood. On the division the bgures were

It is held that what was threatened liven.(Hear, hear) Horable Be thought, however that the Friends in the matter of The Daily Telegraph gnorance of his own impending late, bef TATION between the boyuna e known, and that measures should have too many regulations or by too much the spiritual home of the amend behaviour towards the Emperor in the be was stoutly resisting all demands for Altavill be required to producs

been accordingly. of course, red tape the attack was foreseen. What was not one suffering that we could element," said Mr. Leif Jones, " is Der forseen was that the Italians would added, or distress where we thought many crumple up before the Huna. In war we could be of help, we have been ready as in the management of other great ply the money which the British undertakings the best laid schemes "gang public has given us.” (Cheers.)

aft agley, and the only thing is to-guard as far as is possible against mistakes and to meet emergencies as they arise. UNITY OF CONTROL PANEL

not set up before to day. There was at the sudden transference of a quarter of million men to the Italian front would ve given the Italians Tricate But no

he attributed most of the chief mis fortunes of our cause. The Allied con ferences which have been held at inter tals have been fatile so far as concerns union in the control of strategy, the

Adamson, the Labour leader, who told against the amendment with Lord Hugh

to Register themselves under

Cecil, warned the Government that Henly summoned by the late Frice What, then, is the meaning of the Hertmar required may be obtained nat

night arouse serious industrial Troubles

exceding 860

FOR SALE

hour on behalf or made to obtain peace rarty in Bavaria The solution could of Herr von Kuhlmann at the eleventh

forts are to be made to obtain peace POSTAGE munications is through Munich and through Rome. The natural line of com-

Vienna, and Hertling is the most obvious director of operations

could not ultimately be carried as it Bavarian Liberals,

For disfranchisement 209 Against

not offend the Bavarian Catholics, and for the moment it actually pleasent the troops were asked for by General

Hertling uad cxaiderable troubles over Cadorna, and consequently none were have had unity of control, with power since the war started. The Germans sent, though they are going now last directed by one supreme authority,

the Regener question after the death of Prince Luitpold, and exhibited file tect enough after the tragedy 1 If a supreme actuated by a single purpose, finhamper a majority for it of only 38 and Si But he kept his position, and the Ring Indeed, all that is arrange about the Council watching developments on all the fighting fronts had been in existence it seed by conflicting national interesta, Ites George Cave at once agreed to Mr Her- of Bavaria has not been ungrateful for latest German move in its very obviousness more than probable that by now the from any danger of wounding national bert Samuel's request tant when the Bill the fart that it is to Hertling that he as an announcement made with appro Austrians would history bears witness to the ant that income on see hi establiskirent on the Bavarian Throne anniversary of the appearance of Luther

ave met with another susceptibilities. It is self-evident and is recommitted on the Irish clause the owed the termination of the Regency shil priate cynicism on the four hundred In his speech in Paris on the way back autocracy is better suited to conduct war ticulars. The pagnitude of the minority since the outfak of war Baron voa Stockholm, and having fallen upon

while the mad King Otto was still alivethist Germany, having failed through from the conference at Rome whither all the same the spirit in which free men surprise to the advocates of the abent

than communities of free peoples but like the whole debate came as a Hertling has been given the hereditary is about to employ every influence borashed at the first intimation of the fight, as they are fighting in this war, ment had news from Italy, Mr. Lloyd George will tell in the long run against the The understanding with the Govern

the can exert upon Roman Catholin clearly indicated that he wanted troops of Germany The Italian disaster,

opinion in all parts of the world Not Allied War Council to be formed long although terrible misfortun may be so Reafted as to exempt from disfran

ment is that the provision in the Bill will

that the German Foreign Offics is likelyý to consider that it. Em on ago, but he was unable to get hit way To this lack of machinery for providing prove a blessing it it provides that effect chisement members of the Society of

to ite bow The better adve ised her immediate campaign is the yeal unity in the direction of the war complete success enn never be attained work of national importance. – Dadg tive military co-operation without which Friends and any who are employed on

ore likely Germany is to develop her flease offonnive (Continued at foot of nest Column) HENRY BARNES

other directions as well

Nevr

CRISIS EXCLUSION OF THE REIGNSTANI

Chan

little more parted unwent

tele need! continued at foot of nezi Column))

STAMPS

and all kinds of

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