OUR LONDON LETTER.
AN ANSWER TO CRITICS OF THE NAVY
[FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.).
THE HONGKONG DATEX PHENS SATURDAY JANUARY br 1918.
THE GREAT KIEL MUTINY.
GERMAN BAILOR'S STORY.
[FROM THE { DAILY EXPRESS '' SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT AT AMSTERDAM.]
Kurt Adolf Weight, assistant boatswain of the Kaiser's Dreadnought Kronprim, of the Kaiser's Dreadnought Kronprint who has managed to reach Holland after being involved in the Kiel uffair, relates the following story of that mutiny :---
FRANCO FTALIAN
FRONT
UNITY OF DIRECTION.
BANE OF THE RUSSIAN
ARM
ay
Anika „G THẾ NOTORIOUS THE DAILY TELEGRAPHIE: MILITARY
CORRESPONDERTAKE WI
NO.
The following is
Sidocum
No The lack of interest and stinted educa notorious Ord tion in history and geography has told which has been the primary very hardly against the British Empire the insubordination in the Russian in this war. Not only the leaders of armies :-- public opinion have been thus handicap-
LONDON, November th. Considered from any point of view the Italian debacle is a very nasty jar for the Allies, In the last few days some attempts have been made to represent what has happened as of only slight im- portance; on the other hand, there is a tendency to exaggerate the possible effects. But neither of these extremes is correct. What has happened is part of the fortune of war, and as such has to be faced with a brave spirit. We have had similar misfortunes before, and it is named Lindmann, had been sentenced to military view, insists, and has insisted,
Early in September 146 of us were ordered to join the submarine school to be trained as sea-worms, and a similar number from the Schleswig received the nine instructions. We all wanted to dis- obey the order, but we knew that a sailor of the Prinz Regent Luitpold, a man twelve years herd labour for refusing to by no means improbable that we shall serve in a submarine, and this made as bave them again. There was, for in-on board the Kronprinz think twice. The crew held a meeting, and finally it was stance, the smashing blow against Serbia decided that we would only leave the ship in 1915, and coupled with this the drive if we were forcibly compelled to do so, against Russia Last Autumn the Alliea
The sailor who brought about that had to lok on at the devastation of decision was a man named Heilmann, Hountania; and this year not only has whose wife had been sentenced to two Russia been out of the war for all prac years' bard labour for having organised tical purposes of offensive action buta bunger march in Düsseldorf. she has lost Riga and control of the islands in the north. It is necessary to preserve a sense of proportion.
A DRAMATIC STROKE,
DEFIANCE
On September 7th, at 8 am, we were all ordered to be ready to move to the submarine school. When I got on deck with my luggage I only saw the sailors who were on duty there Lieutenant Miller, who had been waiting for the man were leaving, asked me where they were. I rushed downstairs and found my men in their quarters, some of them,
tion,
1st/14th March, 1917.
___(1) - In all companies, battalions, regiments, parks, batteries, equadrons and self-contained services of various military administrations, and on shipa of the Navy, Committees are to bi elected immediately from the elected
representatives of the lower ranks (pri. vales) of the above indicated military units
(2) In all military units which havs not yet elected their representatives to tho Council of Workinen's Deputies ono representative is to be elected from each company, the same to appear with written credentials at the State Dums.
by 10am on 2nd715th March,
ped, but the newspaper-reading public For the garrison of the Petrograd finds it most difficult to understand the Military District, to all soldiers of the course of events and to appreciate the Guard, of the Army, of the Artillery, and of the Fleet, to be immediately argumenta which are used to recommend and punctually carried out, and to the certain political or military measures workinen of Petrograd for their informa An iden has crystallized more or less that all the military and political personages responsible for its directions on our side are divided into two schools. The one, which is supposed to be the orthodox upon the concentration of all our efforts across Northern France, while the other against the German army entrenched is supposed to favons the alternative scheme of striging down the members of the hostile confederacy which aro wekest, and then gradually closing in upon the arch. enemy. The two schools Bre popularly known as the advocates of the Western front, or the advocates of the so-called side showed the There is considerable jilstice in the ahove
rough-and-ready diagnosis schools of thought which have obtained credit in exalted eireles, but it is not generally appreciated that in all wars und, indeed, in all battles, there must be ide shows, just as in a game of chess, true art consists in knowing how much force to put into the side shows and how much to retain for the focus and perhaps necessary at one
struggle. Moreover, what is pradent phase of n or Foolish apan- other which military enterprises are executed Almost
surpasses in import invariably ance the tegy which directs them Some
are legitimate, and some are not it requires the highest skill in the art of military statesman ship to decide such questions, especially in a war of such magnitude, nor can the military aspect of the case be
its other divorced from
aspects, political, diplomatic and naval, for an instant disaster The wisdom inviting of operating in the Balkan Peninsula, Dardanelles campaign, depended on and the whole policy which inspired the all With out navel predominance the enterpriso was impossible, without adequate troops, adequately equipped, and commanded by an adequate leader, it was foolhardy. of Bulgaria its ultimate success
This success of the German thrust against Italy has given us what may be called a black week, the sombro colouring of the picture being due to the dramatic guddenness of the onslaught. Its im mediats effect will be to pat new heart into the Austrians acting now always as the humble servants of the hummocks What does this mean? Huns. Before this happened there was asked. It means, Heilmann answered, reason to believe that Austrin was prethat we don't think of leaving this ship
Then about seventy men went on deck paring to negotiate a separate prace, and in the circumstances Germany, as the lead to have it out with the admiral What ing partner in the Central Alliance, had happened there I never shall forget to do something striking to prevent dis Admiral von Schmidt, Lieutenant Müller, ruption. The blow has succeeded beyond and Able Seaman Raul stood there wait even what must have been the most ing for the mutineers, When the admiral sanguine hopes of the enemy, the Italiane saw us he came up with a fiery red having lost in just over a week more than fas and began to curse us, whereupon they won by heroic sacrifiées and splendid Heilmann strode in front of him and said devotion in over two years heavy fight-omething I could not understand. The ing Many reasons are given to account Admiral flew in a passion and was about for the unexpected collapse of the resist to box Heilmann's ears, when Hellman ance of a portion of General Cardona's struck him a terrible blow in the atoni. troops, who were affected badly by rot" mach, and the admiral collapsed. Some in a military sense, and it is most prob shots followed-I do not know who shot able that the kind of peace propaganda ärst. I only sow Raul draw bis knife which gong under the sinister name of and pounce on Heilmann. Before he
as playing cards and others sleeping in their campaign the Dunner in
133
these considerations infertwined.
-Boloism had a principal part in bringing could reach him, however, two of the Un the goodwill of ended. BIH
about the disaster,
THE WORK OF THE NAVY.
mutineers seized Raul, who was thrown unceremoniously overboard,
RÉVOLVERS FINED.
(3) In all, its political activity a miji. tary unit is subordinated to tho Council of Workmen's, and Soldiers' Deputies and to its own Committees ... (4) The orders of the military com
mission of the State Dums are to be cxecuted only in such cases where they are not in disagreement with the orders and resolutions of the Council of Work men's and Boldiers' Deputies re
((6). Every kind of weapon, such as rifles, machine-guns, armoured motors. ele, must be at the disposition and under the control of the Company and Battalion Committees, and not in Bay: case to be given up to officers, even on their demand
(6) In the ranks and in the execution of service duties soldiers should observe. the strictest military discipline, but
cutaido the service and the ranks in their political, general civil, and pri- vate life soldiers cannot is anything suffer any diminution in those rights enjoyed by all citizens.
E
In particular the standing front and the obligatory salute are abolished off duty...
(7) Similarly, the addressing of officers according to their rank : “Your Excelicacy, Your Honour," and the like is abolished, and is replaced by
·Ms. the address: ** ** Mr. Genetal,” Colonel, Pete
SITUATION IN VRANCE From a purely military point of view
Rude treatment of soldiers-by-any Sir Eric Geddes, who has rieen meteor.
there is much to be said for exerting dur
military rank of any sort, and in par like to be the First Lord of the Admiralty, ***The other men looked quietly on. A utmost strength against the Germans in
ticular addressing them in the second has given a completo answer to the few minutes later six or eight officers, led France. To begin with, we have got critics of the Navy. He has heaped con by Captain Reichold, came on deck and them there in position ready to te person ringular (futoper), is forbidden, and every violation of this injunction fusion upon a section of the Press and began to fire their revolvers on the crowd attacked A German defeat in France, some of our politicians who are always of men, who responded with revolvers, if inflicted on the centre not
officers and soldiers must be brought by asking, What is the Navy doing knives, and fists. It was a harrowing extremity of their line, would be and also all misunderstandings between Following the sinking of a couple of sight, and the deck was soon running solutely fatal to the Central Empires, the latter to the notice of the Company Foto pedo boats and a convoy by with blood. The result of this dramatic consideration is that transporting troops The procent Order is to be rend in all
end the war, Another, very urgent i Committees. Of wa two fast German cruisers which darted scrimmage was that seven officers, includ and material is very difficult out of port on a dark night and raced ing Admiral von Schmidt, were thrown which increases with the distance and companice, battalions, regiments, naval back again, there was the usual demand overboard, and Heilmann and eleven the Germans in France are by far the regiment, batteries, and all other com- to know whether the right men were in other men were severely wounded. I was nearest enemies to France demands 26 PETROGRAD COUNCIL OF WORKMEN'S
strike at On the mands, combatant and non-combatants charge at the Admiralty. Of course, the savagely attacked by an officer for trying other hand critics discretly omit to any who in to reach the captain's deck, but I hit lot of conditions which the France AND BOLDIERS! DEPUTIES. their opinion are the tight men, or why back with all my force, and left the man IBAN solving,
have
not ret
High Commands the light of genius is hidden under spirting blood d
and
they do which bushel. They never Descend to details. Most of the crew, though they knew not seem likely to solve in the next
This brief recital of the factors,
to solve in the next few offensive campaign of a great scale before April 9th, 1917. In fact, this cate
Perhajis nobody would trouble much what was going on, remained quietly workade of the was hazardously early under the circum
about what is said in this connection ex-
River
staricesITION OF FRENCH CHIAY
PRITISH CHIEF.
thing must be wrong with our Navaled themselves to be arrested without far should at Anvelt, getaff is best fitted to control the fate of
strategy.
A MASTERLY KURVES.
playing cards below. Some of the men let cept that such talk is apt to create doubt down about and picked up Admiral on chief military problem sive but faint in the public mind as to the real work Schmidt, but Raul and the others were idea of complexity of the case of the Nw. But because nothing allowed to drowe,
of how many conflicting interests and
In the hostile league the Germans spectacular but happened since the Battle The same evening two police cutters opinions have to be considered before
decision can properly be of Jutland it is darkly hinted that some arrived alongside, and all the men allow the
occupy the taken
undisputed pre-eminence. There can be no manner of doubt as to locality the
Aur Principal
Whether the German or Austrian General ther ado. Heilmano was taken to be directed.
efforts Haval prison' hospital. There must have.
There are, however
ever some both armies.
Un our side it is not quite keen a general plot, for similar scenes idently be deduced from the German so simple. The French are commanded In a masterly survov S. Eric Geddes sccurred at the snaze moment on board successes. Unity of direction is above all by a general who has displayed the Wavy is doing by day and by night, in Arsenal. We were to be court martialled success, not some transient political ob who have spent a lifetime in the study told the House of Commons what the the scent also inside lied things essential Ultimate military britty on ad a. General Staf
colleagues fair weather and in foul on all the two days later, but I managed to get jective, should be the reason for every of warfare of a great scale. Our Army oceans of the world. It came as a sur. away. Before leaving Germany I heard prise to many to hear that between 40 that six of the leaders of the Kronpringmportant moveLIVE
before the war was organised and design- and 60 per cent of the German sub- mutiny had been shot, and all the others
A myth h
myth has been sedulously circulated Egypt and South Africa. These exp
jed for such
carpaigns as it waged marines have been accounted for, and were sentenced to twenty years hard that the present Prime Minister attempt
experi that during the last quarter while the labour, while I was sentenced in absence ed last winter to place the British Army ences inevitably shaped its methods and
formed its leaders. With some rare ex "unrestricted" warfare has been at its to ten years. This was only the second under the command of the French Com
ceptions the French
ດ [and]
generals and height they have lost as many U-boats as revolt, but you can take my word for it mander-in Chief General Nivel French army, as a whole would not, sp
quent discredit of Nivelle saved
of the supremacy of any of the What actually
was quite Ufferent, the scheme of another committee as a suffered by the French at clearing house for joint plans and pro- After the Verdun and by the British in the series posals is in the opinion of the Prime of Somme battles from July to Novem the present towards scourge the unity warning. We must lay our plans for a The trial of George Harry Bishop, 40, any doubt on the subject, before, that Britain occupies the same
ber, it became
unquestionably is need long war, Ba
Said Sir Eric Geddes, add doctor; Benjamin Goldberg Grantway the British and French, must act in
re, that ed to retrieve the military situation. This statement will help to dispel clerk, upon the charge
side, 38 of conspiring to the pleasant visions of an early peace defeat the provisions of the Military chance ence central Nivelle pe it is her Navy, finance, trade and Germany does in the Central League. which have been raised recently by several Service Acts, was concluded, before Mr. lines in France. Ministerial specches on public platforms Justice Shearman at the Central Crimi posod, in January, 1917 that the British population that enable the war to be car His figures illustrating the magnitude Court. The jury found the defend-
and
French armies should pool their ried ou; nor are her land arces numeric of the Navy's taar were astonishing ants Guilty. Dr. Bishop and Grantway reserves for a tremendous blow against ally much inferior even to the French, showing, as he remarked, that the Service were sentenced to 12 months and the German centre. He further proposed so that reluctanes to place our force in
any degree
© under French direction 13 quite intelligible. Moreover, there are reserves one chief should be in com technical difficulties
esin corabining the
during the whole of 1910. At present." that more are coming, and not only in that nothing but the defeat and conse pratich generals over their forces, and
he said, one may be justified in feeling that the enemy's attack on our trade is held, and is being mastered and in look. ing to the future with courage and defer- mination, confident that he will fail At the same time, he uttered a few words of
the nuvy
SENTENCES IN HEART PILLS CASE
tish disaster.
the Bri
thethweif there had been of control which securing the wally
were very sanglunazy, even
I ses na signs of, its being a short surveyor; and John Trichter closer combination Entente except on the militar TRM
they were to have
pro
does not work in the limelight; and ho Trichter to three months imprisonment, that on this battlefield and to dispose concluded one of the most remarkable without hard labour, maiden speeches on record by declaring in Nelson's phrase that the frontiers of England are still the coasts of the enemy.
THE FIRST LORD
Sir Eric Goddes, who, started life as a railwayman, is big physically, and he
BRITISH INDUSTRIES FABR
of any
these mand. He professed himself quite ready to serve under the British Commander theatre which are certainly formidable armies of two nationalities in the same in-Chief if the two Governments so when the
do cided, but laid stress.
essentialeperations are on the present
The problem must
solved
Fot the
talks as one expects a big man to talk, prévious years. The last two Fairs were more as additional reasons for troops on the Italian front may pave the
held in the Victoria and Albert Museum
pro
ABOUT PILLS.
any people have no hesitation in taking a dozen boltica®
fluid
foren) prostiribell byla doctor Hit New with arms the suggestions to take a course of pills. This m sapprehension im növdhubt due to the impression, that pills are merely purgative, which inay be correct in some instapcom. Dr. Morse's Indian foot - Pille, however,, ure not merely purgatives, acting upon the bowels only, bet cbbtain more important properties, which correct all orders of the Blood, Liver and kidneys, und the Stomach, evidence of which is not wanting a "Thousands of testimonials sent us voluntarily and teatuitously
our statements of what Dr. Möpsele Indian Rodu Falk wit doing every day. You will find neighbours, fricious and relati where who have been restored to health and who can testly marvellous blood-purifying and healing properties of these Phy Morse's indup: Root Fills have come to sing. They are an (chiefert, reliable and sale remedy, placed on the market at a price within die reach of Mffey bee anglesiter, are plerünt 16 take and retuin, their weight their full medicinal properties. They are packed in amber-colon
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fresh and clean, impervious to moutATCA conditions, and do not deteriorate by keeping us all liquid medicines
They are a perfect Bipod Purifier and PORTER BIG" "pæfmadent Sosem for
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directing the Next year's British Industries Fair operation in question. He further drew The joint action of British and French under the auspices of the Board of Trade attention to impending events in Rus will be considerably larger than those of and
hard with a minimum of delay way for combining t
g the reserves of the moderately and with confidence and
repeated conferences and much two great ermies, when supreme crisis good humour, Although he had not and the Imperial Institute, and although waste of time the proposals of General Ad by General Nivelle In Former
Arises more or less in the manner ro addressed the House of they were admittedly a success the space Nivelle were accepted in some degree at posed b previously
years some Commons, he was not in the least available was insufficient to meet the de- the Calais Conference, but were never was which have lasted several nervous. He read his speech from begin mands of exhibitors In many cat downed their attacca con separate sectors whose iced rivalry. S
invarishly stood put in practice The two armies deliver generel has almost
of ring to end from large sheets of foolscan plications for space had to be cut
feadership At another time the idea of a man ad by 60 per ornt. The 1918 Fair, which April 1917 Allenby
and have silenced Such leader Agreement to be achieved at the Franco stormed strong
British night, is to be held in premises svar the
Headquarters there must thousand print +809 P Tower Bridge belonging to the Fort of
fell short of penetrating the Ger free interchange of information London Authority. Owing to the war
fortified zone and was finally held ideas and adequate opportunities must
General exhibits will be restricted to trades deal Nivelle is justified in asserting that his leaders of the top toppreciate one sur be afforded to the principal military an hy rearward positions ing with china and earthenware, glass
Was proved
Correct by the another well and
an event On the other other's capacity. In our prepent situa
no tion the Commander-in-Chief who was
of affairs should, and probably
dressing Parliament in that way would will open as usuel on the last one on
the Aisha Was Wellington. But for the universal
have evoked a tremendous amount of coin February, and remain open for a fort
ment, but nobody seems to pay any at tention to departures from precedent in these days. After all, a eperch on British Naval activitias, ne on any other me mentous question of the hour in war time,
man
many
the
should be very carefully prepared, and trade, fancy goods, paper, stationery British authorities neetion.
the effect of every word thought out band printing and toy and games trade. forehand. But as a piece of oratory Sir Bome idea of the space at the disposal of doubt correct in one
Eric Gedden in the House of Commons exhibitors may be gained. From the fact Neither the state of the weather nor the eyed to be capable of changing tha
was just like the chairman of a trading that the area would be sufficient to allow concern addressing the shareholders two Rugby football matches to take place
Ucansued at font of mezi Colant.) - Bt the came time B
necessity for waking good the keys of would, be frankly 2ccepted if only the Somme made it possible to begin the made his appearance in the Supreme
(Continued at foot of next Column.) Council of the Allies.
Lancet 381
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