2nd
HOLLAND'S POSITION. UNJUSTIFIED CRITICISM
(FROM LEONARD SPRAY.).
-
bas
THE BONGKONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 1ST. 1917.
· BUSSIAN DEBACLE..
CAUSE OF THE COLLAPSE.
[BY THE DAILY TELEGRAPH'R." PETROGRAD ÇORRESPONDENT, ]
members of
THE RUSSIAN CRISIS.
THE MOSCOW CONFERENCE.
IMPRESSIONS AND RESULTS:
[FROM THE DAILY TELEGRAPH'S " ́SPECIAL- CORRESPONDENT.]
defects of M, Tseretelli's logic and then trenchantly outlined the disastrous couse- quences to the defence and the national prosperity of the continual interference of the Workers' Councils in the work of the Government. Therupon M. Tseretelli rose again, and, in the ardour of self- deferice, made the remarkable admissions I have already mentioned. Th
more
their dreams of peace proved to and fears of a great people found utter-tised but ined that Holland's neutrality really have been illusions. He ascribed only a fance. The Convention has been compared of the staff officer rounded sentences
no neutral may look for applause for his watchwords of convinced opponents of an country; then on the verge of risetween the Russian army as it was and
GUR Years,
and its Kultur.
And
And on the whole it may be said that the Provisional Government has gained in stability as the result, of the assembly. But it did not gain in prestige That row of excellent gentlemen, who through- out the proceedings sat on the ntage at a
with red baize, some long how remained in the shade. The country
Gernentrality, is a shum one," has been representative was the report of the was in the foreground; the Government
your
the
As a
young
Wes
won Holland would share the fate of Bel masses of the soldiers. They understood despite come efforts on both sides, of the industrialists, on the one side, and
of
BOUÝCE
QUESTION OF EXPORTA.
to
of
?
and a mun
was not
no open conflict. No
Rise of
SUGGESTIONS OF UNITY,
man
called was made in the programme for speeches from the three revolutionary veterana, Madame Broshka Breshkovskaya, Prince Kr
Kropotkin, and M. Plekhanoff. Their ciliatory in tone. speeches were intensely patriotic and
Prince Otk
But one or two points are worth stating of the Army. A revolutionary discipline was one such moment. But this was less clarin Mr. Lloyd George's
and "
貔
suggestions of national unity, and there whe
There were tempting and tantalising were moments when it might have seened that on the main points unity had been attained. The general ovation given ta M. Kerenski at the close of the assembly
the fact that for the present the Pro demonstration in favour of M. Kerenski
visional Government is the only possible were the almost unanimous outbursts of centre of national unity. More striking applause when, first, General Alexeleft and, later, Prince Kropotkin putting the
Shall we be sold to the Ger
Socialis personally than formal recognition of
by
gentle, appealing manner the assembly, and who startled the Left by declaring at the outset that he stood with those who demand a complete, break with Zimmerwald, aroused amusement
that there was more real
Council than in all the speeches of the Workers nationalities except the Finns and the Representatives of all the
terms declared their loyalty to the idea Ukrainians spoke, and all in varying of a united Russia
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If war is hell, neutrality is purgatory Valuable evidence on the direct causes tgatory where timorous souls are of Russia's military collapse were given let us hope, purged of the sins they ought
at a joint meeting of the Executive to have committed but didn't! Despised Committees of the All-Russian C.W.S.D. The National Convention is over. It and contemned, kicked and cuffed, bullied and the All-Russian Council of Pear was a brilliant display. It proved, if will be wholis approved by M. Tseretelli's I am not sure whether these admissions unloved, unhonoured, mis Deputies by representatives of various badgered. understood--putting it all int
all into one word,
must be neutral. Such is the position of Holland armies. It borne in mind, how-proof were needed, that there is still colleagues but, at any rate, they have been i
ever, that these witnesses are no in the midst of the world war. Octa free from bins. They entirely strength and power and capacity in made in the name of the councils. The point ix how far these pledges will bo Russia sionally insult is varied with Battery, one or other of the innumerable com
It was a concentration of the effective The convention was united in threats with blandishments: but there are mittees which have played so prominent
tent best. No such galaxy of the political onshor victo far more kicks than half-pence, and even part in recents events in Russia, and talents has ever been seen in Russia, and men
victory. But it was just as not united on the question of the sparse coins that ares thrown seldom some of them directly contributed to that it is doubtful whether any such concentra of the army. General Koruifoff was very means, on the question of reorganisation ut democratisation ring truc
Holland is not increly unei
of the army which of the neutrals. 11 is surely “ per-many of their countrymen believe to have tion of power will be seen for long years coldly received by the Councils. Yester feet neutral. For this reason. Sa fairly been itself one of the strongest of disinte to come. The Constituent Assembly will aged mas with a
General Alexeieff spoke. A middle. has it held the balance between the two grating influences,
slight stoop, with grey groups of belligerents that neither
The reporter on the 10th Army said almost certainly he at a lower level. All moustache and glasses, and a very ever had the satisfaction of seeing the that before the advanco was ordered the classes were represented, all shades of Russian face, he consanded the respect scales tip in its favour, So far from predominant feeling antong the soldiers opinion, and in rapid succession and in of
the audience. He-1 that, both groups, or rather sections of was "weariness,
leas which as increased varying accents the multitudinous hopes
effected a
spraker than when groups, have in equal measure com
Korniloff; the
contrasted with the favours the other. Which is just exactly eccondary role to the Maximalist agita-with the Zemski Sober, or National sharp staccato utterance of the fighting why Holland is the perfect neutral. For tion and press but thought that the Assembly, which 300 years ago rallied the general. But in substance the speeches
were identical Genera: Alex
Alexcieff forcibly Slected tight-rope walking performance.
The advance had been explaited
described Michael Romanoff Tsar. dark
the tremendous difference only proof of cress is if the hissing elements." Activity by agents Pro
roa resemblance in composition and institu-betwee comes from both banks, and if the per- vocateure, gendarmes, and German spies tion but there is a great difference. Both as it is, he pointed out the causes, and former maintains his perilous poise over had, he said, been established beyond assemblies were consultative, both were he insisted on the remedy, which was that
the the howling abyss. That is what Holland doubt. The reinforcements from the rear convened on the principle of represented manders be restored, and that the com of Cin bas achieved during these three danger- exercised 4 very demoralising of both demonstrated ted influence. Though the Russians were the opinion of the country: but, whereas be freed from political agitation and the I have shid that sections of both groups superior both in Fitimbers and armament,
ment, the assembly of 1612 stablished a centre influence of the camgitters. The speech have from time to time compained of it was difficult to induce them to occupy of national unity, the assembly of 1917 was unsympathetic, and had ณ hostilu Holland's
partiality towards the other, the positions, and some regiments even-
remains for the present inconclusive, or, reception from the Left. Later a young only applies to the Entente, refused to clear the way for those who rather, if sanctioned informally, the officer representing the Army Committees The Germans have been unanimous and were ready to do so. The officers, he already existing sentre, the Provisional from the front defended at length the consistrut. They have judged and con-admitted, had shown great manliness and Government,
Army Committees with much emotion, demned the Dutch outrigle and for ever heroism, but they were, he
he thought
with Jack-
curious capacity for missing or igndring some justification, but with that because they refuse to admit their neighing in organising capacity. Some of
the essential points that vitiates so much bour's claim that they are a Germanic them, too, were counter.revolutionary"
who can only achieve their destiny in
in disposition.
Naturally by throwing in their lot with Germany the soldiers, antidote to this
of the work of the CW.S.D. the Left gave this organisations were necessary.
officer As the Dutch refuse and only through them could the military
ovation This strong difference in worship at the altar of the Germanie effectiveness of the army be
restored
opinion, coupled with M. Cheidze's veiled ATTRACTIVE. trutt, they are classed by Germany amung maintained.
menace to the generals and his demand the heathens.
ns. You are pro-Ally, and
Very interest
that promotion to high commands shonid of the Fifth Army. In was in the background. It is true that perit, left an uncomfortable feeling that, SELECTION.
be made dependent on revolutionary complaint throughout the witr.general he agreed with the preceding through its unobtrusiveness the The latter necusation is a lie, but let it speaker, but he attached more importance
the despite Government
a considerable measure of verbal orved. be said that so far as the sentiment of than he to the effects of political agitademigator,
common agreement, the difficulties in the way of and represented ahe the mass of the people is
the tion
the amorg
He said that at national unity to the extent at present are not wholly removed. troops.
effecting the reorganisation of the army former complaint is well-grounded the revolution the soldiers, were
not pre- possible. For it must
be admitted that The wast majority of the Dutch people pared for the reception of new ideas.. All
was not united. There was
On economic questions the tode assembly sharp and clear dividing line, which, much more conciliatory. Representatives want the Allies to win the war, because the new phrases, watchwords, and prin they realise only too well that if Germany ciples were accepted literally by the
till the end. There was
of the trade unions on the other, while gium
the change as a removal of the burdens
onl
stating their vario
various views placed by the State on each of its mem
plainly have been more serious, more
assemmified, invited mutual
co-operation. There was Germany knows all this. It is a sad bers. Equality they interpreted as mean
more restrained. There was plain speak scene when the railway expert, M. irony that the only people who don't aping that everyone, from general to cook, ing and sharp criticism on both sides, but Bublikaff, after declaring that the offered preciate it are those who, in a section should receive the
hand of the workers would not be held of the English Press, have persistently in better material position the
gravity and
and decorum, pr they regarded rather, an all-pervading
out in Thus the infantry gave national danger, modified the violence of The loud and violent declaration of the bourgeois
sense of the libelled and misrepresented Holunde this
vain, warmly shook hande with M. Tseretelli amidst a general ovation. those quarters the this name to the artillery. They believed party passion. Yet the clear dividing Dutch have been accused of deliberately that peace, had been decided
the war by feeding Germany; idea of advancing abandoned, and asked It was, as M. Gutebkoff said, not a dis- elderly,
upon and
d the lien between Right and Left remained one Maximalist who spoke, a stout A new style of Xmas Greeting Card. Envelopes are not required,
official-looking garding the world
why it was necessary for them to remain tinction of class but a difference of conlliazanoff, was simply amusing. Rogn
as each folds into envelope shape. the service. these agedy
in ly assenting,
profit
inward
But the fundamental ception, the distinction between a State outwardly and though
and illness which had demoralised the party and a Socialist party, formally protesting, to
Price 20c. each. every German Army was dissipation of will. The tre mensure, and, on the contrary, of violent mendous impetus of energy which had ly opposing, by deed and word, every transformed the Army in the first period Entente mcusure which, in the view of of the war had all been squandered in the the Dutch, detrimentally affected theit
work of
of organising its new structure interests. Not one of these charges is Military work had absolutely come to justified.
standstill. Το Into the question of Holland's export recent watchwords and the had come the
leaving policy it is impossible to enter at length. question of an advance to the of the
uch obvious points that only malice had not yet been can explain their being persistently for consciousness that death was threatening only the slurred over by Holland's alike in front and in the rear could drive Cities.
Of course. Holland sends food the Army forward." The creation of a Germany, not only as it has a legiti-powerful Government representing the mate right to do, but as it must do if whole nation could alone save the country It is to obtain only the coal necessary to and the Revolution. its existence, not to speak of the iron, The steel. and machinery on which its in- Army and the Second Army said dustries just now are absolutely depen the disturbances in Petrograd in flent. But what of the other side of the middle of July had been sharply reflected In fact, on the general question of the at patiently throughout the speeches, account?
As it realised that last year among the troops at the front. Both war opinion was very nearly unanimous, listening with unremitting attention. Holland
England over. 220,000 tons recommended Government commissaries the representatives of the Council of From where I sat I had a close view of food-
Just ten times the as a means of restoring the spirit of the Pence, without annexa-sat on the front benches, and behind them Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates made the executive committee of the C.W.S.D. quantity stated in
recent attack? Ger- armies. One of them stated that
remarkable admissions. The back The leaders, mostly Georgian and Jewish, echievous many, too, received great quantities of
agitation WAS but carried out chiefly by ex-gendarmes, who, produce
or indemnitie dairy and market and was entitled be urged. should be removed from the ramarence was not raised,, The Council with hard rough faces. The soldiers were
sat a was hardly men.
solid phalanx of not a ton more than
Young soldiers, Wtioned the question of the Stockholm. dreamy-looking idealists others to send ou the fixed basis of division, front. A delegate from the reserve agreed to by all parties, between the 5th Army thought the basis of all the reserve of the
Workmen's and Soldiers: Delegates not wholly amenable to control. Entente and the Central Powers.
trouble was the disappointment of the Teerstelli declared: We shall not iny speakers of the Right, and sometimes the strongly asserted its desire when M. times they spontaneously applauded the the grain and fertilisers imported into hopes set on the Revolution by the ignor down our Holland, not a ton goes to Germany. aut mussed. On this foundation the
is driver seemed ddenly to express their indigna Leninite press, the secret GERMAN BLACKMAIL.
Russia until the
Enemy territory and
tion to forcibly, but they were restrained again, Then Holland has been accused of such old regime, had built up ascessful. We are all for strict discipline from by the party pickets. greed for German gold that its own agitation. The representatives of the top to bottom." More emphatic still. people have gone short of food.
IMPOSSIBLE SOCIALISM. Thie,
12th Army found the root of the evil in
There are ro stronger opponents of a
The front benches were intent and again, is false, True, the Dutch are on exhaustion supervening on the tension separate peace than in the Workers' bread rations, but this is exclusively dae of the revolutionary movement.
the tension Peasants', and Soldiers' Councils.
He
"If watchful. M. Cheidze sat, outwardly to restricted imports, for not a ton of said that, though the masses still feared the bad necessity ever comes to conclude impassive, during the early clapping, grain has ever gone to Germany. eally feeling adverse to the Revolution was
The the Tsar, and did not wish him back, a the corpse of the revolution,"
a separate peace, it will be concluded over never applauding the Frequent references to the Allies M. Teretelli atooped for- Only instance of the Dutch going
short
is the famous one of potatoes. showing itself.
If this could be regarded as the con
ward, nervously twitching his board. But this was no fault of the Dutch them-
sidered and fixed opinion of the Workers shooting angry glances,
Others carefully watched the Right, now smiling in ful; but the statements were made during declared the
which impossibility sharp passage at arms which, after General Korniloft's speech, was the most present-day Russie, and recommended the German ultimatum, which Holland in regard to which Holland has not
no breach of the laws of humanity significant feature of Congress First Mclose co-operation between the Socialists member of the and the bourgeoisie was warmly applaud- had
to acept and at the same time fulBled in the world-chorus of condemnation
worth
7. Nationalist
made
speech which, by ad by the C.W.B.D., who have hitherto its obligation to supply to England a Throughout the war Germany
cold-shouldered M. Plekhanoff. The once similar quantity to
has general consent, was the first
com- that exported to Germitted no breach of Holland's neutrality offort of the whole assembly. Coally, a taboo words "patriotism" and "victory" many. The Government had not made rights against which the Dutch Govern with perfect command of himself and his now arouse no disapproval in the Council, allowance for the lateness potato crop-nor, perhaps, for German could, acted. Throtested, and, when it audience, he dealt the Workers' Councils and were once or twice even used by their
innumerable in-
Government
series of bipotatoes,
Germany demanded its pound stances, of which one or two leap to mind thrusts. He had the temerity to declare
with immediate delivery, at once. Holland has permitted no himself
Monarchist разн
of refusing any further supplies violation of the Dutch waters of the he did it so cleve that even the Left contact, gave opportunity for personal This criticism estimates, indicated the actual place of alternative, and had to export potatoes, liberately attempted, for the Germans of the Government's
Do indignation.
Ukrainian whilst its own people went short.
policy each Holland has been violently assailed, stolen from the Belgians at Antwerp, the three Ministers who concluded the prejudice that develops in all the coun that atmosphere of exaggerated too, for its policy towards the respective There is no question but that this was agreement in Kieff with Saint Vladimir, naval war measures of the belligerents a deliberate Stry-on Holland ne who baptised the Russians into Chrie served to modify the possibility of art tries. By so much the assembly, will have. which have affected its neutrality or the cepted the challenge. The steamer was tianity, whereas the Ministers baptized acute conflict in the future. On the one interests of its mercantile marine. It stopped by the Dutch naval authorities, them into the Ukrainian faith.
just been said that Holland, whilst and compelled to
do was intellectual power, administra asking a concession from England in the river retreat za ignominious up-
INEERTELLY'S SPEECH.
tive and industrial- experience, strong historical sense, and Against the breaches of its territorial M. Shulgin was followed by M. Mak affairs. On the other sido a pay for an unenergetic Holland has protested in deeds forcible attack on the Government for its organisations, that, as M. Tseretelli said,
Every such intruder timidity and its subjection to the were learning by their mistakes.
wholly Msatisfactory compromise between the two. the
Then, earliest destroyed Zeppelins received
the M. Kerenski made a final speech late They forced from
OW. These are only characteristic
8.D. in representative of instances. he was the only speaker, whom the tired, but the
Auiltin
nature the D ventured to put up Is
of an anti-cli The accumulated it any
ing the wonder that Holland bitterly demar periodical
campaigns against it this of the British Prese? That that the his accents elements in his rer he has acquired, possibly owing to his the English assurance that
convention - the slight figure. Was
was intense Borgian
face, war measure, and asked and
his slight owing to an obtained resentment is justified one at least of Georgian accent,
artificial overstrained man- from England slight modißcation. At
At Holland's guests can bear Witness At
neat cut desire to demonstrate the superiority of Press passionately and rightly denied the campaigns another
logical exactitudes of the
contending Baggestion that they had done this in the special correspondent of
of Holland's
speakers from the Right M Teerstelli'
somehow lost contact
2370 any pressure from Germany. In the Zeitung was in Workers Councils, which he described as on account of his position, services,
tearfully rece that during
mainly a rather rambling definer of the in thin air. He was applauded warmly Holland he had found nothing but "in the scaffolding for the building of a creasing ill will against Germany. If Russia.
merita and great
but would have been far more effective if he building offre the feeling was general that M. Kerenski had been simpler, more direct, more responsive, and more natural.
gotten or
to
incidentally
Of
It was fascinating to watch the temper
representatives of both the "Special que emphatically replied " Nover" of the audience. The several thousands
Maximalist
a
the
the
from
some
Some
selves, who were the victims of a com-ed at Germany's hypocritical wails about Councils the outlook would be very hope triumph Bonoff's also in
THE INVIOLATE SCHELDT.
bination of unfortunate circumstances, of that same breach.
nnay, with, perhaps, a little German tyranny, erament. No potatoes, no col WBB mitted
short-sightedness on the part of the Gov- Throughout the war Germany has com
on
has
not
the
a
and
rapier
now
of
leaders:
One great gain of the Assembly was that
of coal. The Dutch Government had no Scheldt. And such a breach was de displayed cleverly conviction, but it brought the opposing sides into human
JARS
"
steered down the estuary with vessel was particularly cutting. He compared in Broup in the general whole, and cus
matter of the extended the rights by German airships and nero lakoff, who, eloquent as ever, made a and crude organisation, or net of
ognised the German blockade danger zone.
recard as B
strongest
senfaring race, the
Dutch, that
comes
The
Bothing of the sort. As bafits their fineness range is fired upon, influences of the Workers' Council, parti- Government represented a thly and uncficially, condemned in and it is worthy of recall that, one of cularly in the arary question, the last night. Possibly the Premier was campaigns the German murder
they did besides was its death-wound from Dutch gunner retelli made a long speech,
all
they
could do.
an
field,
to the British
ablest
the
Inration thefe Many more could be a recents the National Assembly His obvious sin political significa Kerenski, possibly and accepted with
won
of the
the same time the Dutch Government and the very moment of the latest of the Tavour. But, compared williant the Government to all the
matter of the German steamere recently sunk off the Dutch coart, whilst the Gov. ernment rotated to England against what it alleges to be a breach of its nen trality, the newspapers scornfully laugh (Continued at foot of next column.)
and
guargument was rough and ready. It wing impression of gesticulating
fact
true observation is the proof of a good M. Tseretelli was followed by M Miliu journalist, that Hun scribe is a master koff, who, unventedly curt, epigram of his craft-Daily Telegraph.
matic, and pointed, first exposed the
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