1917-10-19 — Page 7

A GERMAN VIEW OF

PAST YEAR.

LHY & DOCOLAS NEWTON]

TER HONGKONG DAILY PRESS. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 1918. 1917,

THE DISCOVERY IN THE HOLY

In the Berliner Togchlatt of July 3rd, Baron von Audenne reviews the war for

LAND.

1,106-YEAR-OLD CHURCH-

from wr. Bassey.]

GERMAN EVASION AND 1 RICKERY.

SOCIALISTS - AND. THE CHANCELLOR.

MARSHAL RUCKWARTS.

A YEAR'S RECORD.

It is a year, to-day (writes The Time Military Correspondent on August 29th) The mufict between the new German since Marshal von Hindenburg, vuce the In Southern Palestine Australians have the past year. His object is to demon-brenght to light whit pemains the ravages Chaucer and the Rejchstag majority idol of the German people, became de

of time have left of a most beautiful

serves to clear the air `so far, at any rate, feeto Commander-in-Chief of the German strate how Germany, wedged into a

church, and a magnificent mosaic bas been lifted to tell the people of the Commons the Entente is concerned, wrote the Armies, with the inseparable Landendorff Light corner on July 1st, 1916, yet re

wealth (if that prove to be the mosaic's special correspondent of the Daily Fleas, fes, Oberquartiermeister or Boaster covered herself with brilliance, and is

destination) of the faith of an old race, graph in Rotterdam on August 4th. in-Chief. What is their record, and what now massailable. This happy condition

and of an art in decoration prosecuted has demonstrated that Her Michaelis have they done? is almost enurely due to the inspired act,

with the fervour of believers. which, at the psychological moment, placed von Hindenburg at the head of military affairs. Hindenburg marching rearward from the victory to victory, has, apparently changed a situation of defeat inte a situation of inginervility,

The artist (which will hardly be taken

seriously by anybody outside Germany) is yei un interesting example of the way the Germans are misted; even more, perhaps, it is an example of the easy task the Ger A writer has in aceeixing what to-day must be considered the est gullible public in Europe, From beginning to end the review is a tissue of absurdities Truth is denied, omitted or obscured, facte are manipulated; and every trick of gonsulentiams nuveracity is employed. It is not possible here to dissect the article as a-whole; and it is not necessary. The examination of a few typical specimens convict him of deliberate chiennery in his

The discovery was made at Sheltal, between Beersheba and Khao Yunas, This the church was on, the road the from Jerusalem to Egypt, Ethiopian eunuchs took when he met Philip, and was baptised. Shellal in Arabic means "bubbling springa. Per

he was baptised,

vanee

STATE INTERFERENCE OF

STATE AID-2

AN IMPERIAL OBJECTION

The list of goods--ranging from coal, and copra to wood and wool--now inder. Government control, numbers, according to the Merchants" Cntomittee of the Low- dan Chamber of Commerce, close upon thirty. To these must be added the con- trol of shipping, railways and other public utilities; the whole presenting picture of State enterprise' such as in prewer days could hardly have been neid. War, however, is inexomile, and before it is over we may yet. Be the day when like Fring, as shall even be making State hoogs Why these man factured to official anodels and types

elatter along Whitehall a company with official cups. coloured armlets and bezen badges, the patriotic ideal of the moment. may be regarded as finally rounded off. menace of State Sealshow

whilst playing &-double game, is really

We were in no haste to depreciate the the tod of the German anexationists, talents of the new Commander when the For it may be accepted, all the half-denisi appointment was made. We recognized that he was the most prominent military notwithstanding, that Herr Michaelis has in his fut speech to the Main Committer personage in Germany, and that his of the Retchsting on Wednesday horning: successes on the Eastern front had been But we thought that the as it was at these springs, which so far committed himself as to prove that meritorious give abundant water for our troops, that he doesnot stand upon the ground of the conditions were now against his success, since he had no Bisiarek behind him and When we were making" ready for an ad- Brichstag's famous formula of July 19th, the diplomatic handling of the European

on Gaza the Assistant Provost-of peas without fureille annexation, situation by the German Foreign Office People who see in the present trend the Marshal of the Anzac Mounted Division The rest history of what took place, had been beneath contempt. Germany

ever, be reassured. When we have passed was no longer, as in 1800 and 1870, in (Captain Jordan), went up a high mound which dominated the oldest crossing of the cording to reliable sources, is as follows: presence of one enemy alone, and it was through the present troubled waters we shall steer equally clear of the Seyll of Wadi Guzze, and he found the Turks, in Challenged by the Social Degioernts as already clear that, failing some great ex

the that perila and the Charybdis of ofisi

interference. digging.a trench around the summit and to the ad iueaning of the expression last ternal or internal convulsion in

Alliance arrayed against Germany, the harbour of practical sens

and ride safely into the With the making a machine-gun emplacement, had revealed the edge of the mosaic. He made month that he adopted the Majority wat could only end in one way. same a large platform existed, and then party's pener formula,As Lunderstand we thought that Hindenburg wanted appointment of Mr. Walter Long's Com- mittee and other commitles of enquiry. some officers and men got to work on the fit,' Her Michaelis denied entright that watching, and before we came to any

prability after decided conclusions regarding him wetverything points for the

war of a new policy. of Imperialre ference of Government aid for commer of soil and debris they cleared a mosaic the ground of that resolution.

હાં..

and industrial flour measuring some 27ft. Ay taft. The sentence, it should be mentioned incident judge him by results.

enterprise, and of the floor reinrined exposed till photographs, ficial sport of the spert sunt subs. He hail day to the supreme Command Development Committer is advocating

wis deliberately omitted from

State itself-ns the Empire Resources drawings in colour, and notes coiki heft

quently The speech provoked a storm a few days after Roumania's declaration - tapping its own vast taken of it, and after due deliberation as

Pesources:

rather Fof protest from the Majority parties, who,

up taxes, to meet its gigantic as a matter of fact, withdrew from the of war, and after the bankruptcy of th the offelal report called a luncheon Easterner without experience of the West. interserting paths, it will ficcome an

agglomeration Hindenburg was an Empite being, an come notorious.

separate organisms, blundering along terval. In that interval the Majority Ti inscription, or that portion of it parties not merely took lunch. They drew and on September 13th of last year we

economic entity, self-sustained, correlated which has survived the wreeking work of up a declaration that in July they believe thought and said that he would assall in all its parts,, and marching harmoni- rains, has been translated by Mr. A. H. Hem Mihaelis adopted without re-Roumania, whose initial deployment 4ously towards a common goal. Staith, of the Department of Grace-servatias the pence resolution, and they peared to us to provide the Marshal with Roman Antiquities, British Museum, to denied the statement unde by the Chan-an irresistible temptation, Rouluanin

cellor that there were differences of observing the defensive on the ship of

Bit

af von Ardenne's deductions is enough to Philltop, and after removing some six feet he had ever deshred that he stoodisi were content to see him at work, and to!

WPILAR.

ROUMANIA.

quile Retitias ainas to the Angio-French { of lifting it began, a task requiring great committe, thereby bringing about what Falkenhayn's strategy at Verdun had been artions. In short stend of the

(5) In considering, first, the battle of the Samine, he employs the old artifice of ascribing fancifully far-reaching and offensive, and then, quite easily, shows how failure to attain those was failare of Or whole offensive.

inute

von

to the best means of removing it the task care which took 14 days. Not a stone was

Jast

read thus:

"A (sign of the Cross). This templeinion among the parties chiselves. Bulgaria, and tntsting to the peaceful with spacious (7 foundations) was built! When the Committee verissembled this protestations of the treacherous Fordin by our most holy (bishop or similar title) i declaration was presented in such a man- and of Bulgafia, whose only strategy in and most pious George in the yearner as to amount penetically to a threat the war has been to staly a friend in the according to ( the year if "to" vote want of confidence in "the new back when he was not looking, deployed

Chancellor.

Before this throat Herr her Armies on a vast from for the in- Gæt).

The cen of Gaza commenced BC. 61, her words by assuring the Committee of that they could not mutually sapport cash Michelis bowed. He tried to eat his car-vasion of Transylvania, in such positions which would give the date of the churchthis desire to strive for penes by agreemont other.. ́as A.D. 581. Another possible era is that and understanding." of Bostra, then the date of the church would be A.D. 127. S

The line from Bapaute to Peronine was to be the reward of the first day's fighting, says, and he explains how the heroisin of the defence frustrated this intention, so that the Germans "only lost Montauban and Marek (Mametz) and abandoned Dampierre, Becijansourt and Fay." The Germans only lost these vil

which Jagis (and several Ardenne dues aut mention), buse these were all they were to lose her on this day. As a fact, the objectives of July IM. 1910-which emphatically did not include anything hear Exame and Perons were fully attained in this sector; though on the Ancre it is admitted

The Rev. Maitland Woods, n Ariny the same sucess was not attained. This assertion of von Ardenne explains the chaplain (of Brisbane, Queensland), says the inscription elaborated: would method of creating success out of defeat.

ad something like this: X. and The whole of the Somme is treated thus.

so he contributed generously to the build Ja the end, the writer is able to state.

by the sted of August . English hading of this church here: he who was the only advaned altngether about 8 miles rust saintly of us all, and the most be He does not explain the significance of love of God. George was his name, and

... POSITION SHAREX,

of

policy of draining essential national industries dry of men that they mainly. ove this paralyzing inferiority and the victories of the Allies in the year 1917.

Menuwhile the Western Allies continued their steady pressure, and on the Summe Carso, continued to wear down the Ger and tim Anere, at Verdun, and on the

marstrength. Therefore the strategic reserve of Hindenburg was gradually draw upon to fill up gas, and when this pressure recommenced in April of this year at Arras, Messines, aut Flanders, on the Aime and in Champague, and finally at Verdun, many of the new German divi- sions were broken up to supply, drafts, and the German boys of 15 had also to be thrust into the fire to make good losses Germany strength to keep up. The Gist. in field formations which were, bögond. man divisions wey down to nine battu the firing line Fer battalion. Hindenburg

those eight miles. He hes not say that the (building-was) erected in the 62201 German Government of annexations dangerous, and that it would be easy for ions each, and often had only 300 men in

they were eight miles of the mist heavily fortised terrain the world had ever known, or that the capture of them has had a repercussion which has affected the

whole, course of the war..

(2)- The Baron insists that the battle of the Homme expired in the calm of exhaustioj in the winter 1910/17. The etal result or the five months battle of fuey way this gain of mine, nothing TEL. To dismiss the matter in this way is extremity convenient. It enables the writer to consider the 6ghting that went on at Thiepvat, Beaumont Hamel, Banicourt, Grandeourt and Miraumont as local actions of no decisive results," undertaken increly 10 improve the British position. Having thus finished with the Somme-Ancre battles he is free to discuss the brilliant. more"

of

finet. There is indica-

ion that the

resalt of the muc more brilliant plan ning by which Anglo-French armies made unterble all Hindenburg's pasi- tions on the Ancre and the Somme. In nother words von Ardenne explains how Hindenburg retired, without a word as to the causes by which he was forced to

retire.

63.) The Russian offensive of 1916 is

year after (the Roman Foundation of the eity of Gazn),"

The chaplain says: Under this in- ription were discovered the bones of the saint, lying feet to cast and arms crassed on chest. These, almost 1,400 years old, crumbled at the touch. The right forearm had been broken, and had et beautifully, which was evidenced by the extra bulging the growth around the fracture:

This mosaic and the remains of the saint, recovered from destruction by waters washing away the hill, are now in. many cases packed away at a spot far

It

from the scene of battle. They will spine shown want of the necessary author/taneous Allied force at Salonika might ]

BINDENBURG'S DEFEATS.-

Hindenburg has not yet been capable of Power of the Alliance. He did not even devising any fresh strategy against the

know how to take advantage in March and April of the gift of the Russian Re- volution which Fortune offered to him, but sat still in the helief that his spies would buy from Hery and corruption

agents bribery

dishonourable peace. Meanwhile in the West all went against him and all the tire. On the Somme and the Aner in

ing the struggle that he retreated on the

Somma front before he was attacked, but

he had not the wit to maintain a straight

We do not yet know the full reasons why Roumania adopted this strategy, ner There he matter stands for the present. What promises she had from Russia, who Herr Michaelis' position has been sadly was obviously the predominant partner in shaken, but lie, like Hindenburg. whose tite new combination, and should have other self he really is, is guilding upon taken steps to marry the Roumanian plans the subaring war. Even after his two with her own. We could not then say petches of Wednesday he would still to everything that was in our minds, hut able to declare, if the course of the war arly in September the wriler informed mouthpiece of the Kaiser, and never Allied Towers that, in his opinion, gave the opportunity, that be, as he the Ambassador in London of one of the

hin:If

renatneiation to

by the the Roumuian strategy was highly significant fact that, as at the tink of the July crisis, the reactionary Press Germany to make use of the good railway

found two-thirds of the German force in is entinly composed and complacent over stem of dangary and to attack one or

the West and one-third in the Eust when the whole business. In this it is in enn other of the widely separated Boumanian plete contrast with the Socialist mit be. Armies and overwhelm it. We also stated he took command, and this proportion. still holds good, with this difference, that mecrate papers. Writing in the Berlin this journal that 30 Austro-Germai Pogeblatt" (Radient) Theodor Wolff divisions might be assembled for this the stain on the German railways has. SAYKI --

blow, as actually befell. This opinion rendered more and more difficult and slow Michelis made an attempt to withdraw was telegraphed to the proper quarter the transfer from West to East or in- himself from the Reichstag majority and without result, but the waiter was inversely of some 10 divisions which have to fulfil the wishes, which and be formed that the Roumaniaus would conccasionally in the past travelled from loudly expressed, of the German centrate forward on the Muros, a plane front to another for some special the great Industrials, the Conservatives, which woefully underestimated the railway purposes, and others. Michaelis is playing a game strategy of the Central Powers. The mis of hide and seek. Incidentally, he time after peace is declared find a safe Should the measures proposed by the the Roumania strategy been different, conceivably have been set [ve to net had repository in a city where they will be Reichsug for Parliamentarizing be intro but with the strategy adopted i appreciated.

dreed

was is established that there or not, it is

Govern practically out of the game, 15 179 change

or of Chanceller

For all these reasons it cannot be Hindenburg's retirement of March, 1917, (6)--The Spring incesses of the West-ment, ose nomination takes place with admited that the successful invasion

ut the consent of the Reichungs dra as a maneuvre entirely separate and disern Allies are dealt with by the same pro-

cess deprecation.

Song Roumania Germany, Austria not the slightest indien fris of termim, then to which tick the Chengcllur and Jinistering i Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey, which

Battles took a effective along the Viny and Messines ridges are down to the people's representatives from is the solo victory that Hindenburg can treated as local episodes.-

uncontillable higher sourers, long will claim during the first year of his com only obtained

The French rises at conflicts follow one apo in mand, was anything but ordinary. The a seanty gain of ground crises owy after only a womb we have Central Powers, and their dupes, "vastly 1016 the German Armies were strained to at Juvincourt, in

other. the Suippes, at Auterive and Moonvilliers." It is not pure a crisis, or at least a conflict.superior in numbers, armament, and war a point of extenuation when the autumn shown that the "scanty gains were (and the whom it concerns mast berpu experience, after a mouth spent in commud bright them a temporary reprieve. are still) so fraught with danger to the conscious that a people of sevents billions centration overwhelmed Roumania an Sa fearful was the Marshal of recommenc German flank that the Germans have been governed without the co-opre occupied Wallachia, driving back the fighting furiously and fruitlessly mention of the elected representative

remuant of the Roumanian troops into since to regain the ground.

The Turmuerte (Socialist) asked: How aloldavia, where the Russians received Arcated in the saine fashion. Brusiloff's the veu Ardenne method of dissimulation new Chancellor How will the mistrust

(0) Perhaps the culminating effort of will the German people think about and sheltered them.

But there

was front in his retreat, and be leaving forces. dan is made, not by Brusiloff, but in

Do encirclement. no Sedan anit is contained in his reference to the East. rooted out, mistrust which is always Roumanians fought nobiy, and the defence Ridge, at Messiner, and east of Ypres, The behind and exposed at Arras, on Vimy Germany by von Ardenne. Here it is:

The East is dismissed in three lines, present, and has become as much stronger of the central passes enabled all the con-hundreds of guns. The Corman, Annies The gene. aim of their operations batisfactory n was to regain all the territory they had Tarkish

news also comes from the through this painful incident? „The na

have not won a battle on the Western front The English offensive tion wishes to see in office is Imperial stituent parts of the Ariny, except one er lost, and also to invade East Prussia, has come to stand before Gaza, and in Chairshor a real leader. Can it regard two divisions, to preserve their identity for three years, and though they have Western Galicia and Hungary-a colossal Souther Palestin as wall as before as such a man of whom the car goes to the end. The skilful manner in which often claimed a victory they have never plan." A colossal plan, indeed; too

Samarra in Mesopotamia. That short that hesiumits against his will to the con. they were the reorganized and the miligained one. They have always garie lack, ental for the realm of common serise.

paragraph covers the fall of Kut and the viction of others, that he is not what betary virtues which they have since dis and Marshal Rückwärts he deserved his There are no signs either in You

capture of Baghdad (with the utter de wishes to appear, and seems to be waiting played, both in attack and defence, dar naine. The, French Armies, which bis Ardenne's writing, or in facts that the Fent of the Turkish local army), the for an opportunity to show what he reallying the last few months are extremely soribes affected to despise, have turned Russians gase any thought to such remote evacuation of South Persia, the

Will the people beliey in a false creditable to them. If, to our deẹp Hindenburg out of the strongest posi Nevertheless, the Russians of Sinai, the invasion

tongue, or will they not much rather dil uot conquer the fost territory, Easter at the Palestine barder, and the believe that in an unguarded moment here, viresmstances did not permit the tions, and at Verdun General Pitain has Western Powers to come, directly to now thrown an almost equal force of Prussia, Western Galicia. and Hungary, entry of the Arabs into the ranks of the was fullf. The only guarantee for a good tracted towards her a debt of honour,

losses sustained in south-east Asia by the mouth trayed that of which his heart Hourania's help, they nevertheless con- German infantry out of the strongest and therefore von Ardenne can deem them

positions. We look in vain through Allies. Three lines are all von Ardonne course of the Empire's polig lies in the defeated.

When he comes to describe onn give to a condition of defeat which firm beding, together and d Arau will which they must completely liquidate at Hindenburg's record for a glimmer of what actually happened, his task is not has caused the collapse of German's plans of the Reiclistag, majority.

victory during the past year except so simple. He covers the grim truth in agaitist Egypt, Persia and India and has

against one minor State or Russian troops a blaze of rhetoric. He describes how ended for all time Germany's grandiose gressive says: The Reichstag now knows success with all his military goods in the Ludendorff writes tales for the Marines of The Berliner Allgemeine Zeitung (Pro Hindenburg began and ended his one debauched by revolution: The chatierer deathless renown 71 was won by generals dream of Eastern empire. In the studied where it stands The majority must shop window. He had no strategic re German victories and makes himself barring

the way to Lemberg and disasters of the war is covered up the declare mistakably that such a Chaserre left, and he had to create one. From Brody, and the only indication that the luded is summarised. It shows to what home policy. Only a man can condusif this need arose the creation of a new whole method by which Germany, sellor i impossible, both for foreign and

ridiculous in the eyes of the world. We Russians were able to go forward de

must suppose that he knows his Germans, At all is contained in a line which tells es German writers are forced to go in our affaire, whose words are as cast iron series of divisions, which, by the early and that any rubbish is good enough for how von Bethmer saved his fank by a order to conceal the weakness of the der Reichstig, stand firm

months of 1917, gate Germany a greatly them,⠀⠀ skilful withdrawal of the German right nan position. That any one should be

The Frankfurter Zeitung (Progressive)

increased held army, but wens far to ex- wing

True, the Austrian Pflanzer-willing to accept such unsubstantial staff Faitin aring was not able to hold the as this is almost beyond believing but says that at the first glance the affair haust, all German reserve sources of man- Fakovinu, but Bhauer-Baltin i se. ob- to elieve, and in that lies the tragedy been made to withdraw from the oblige the class of the year. It was the moment apparently the Germans are still eager makes the impression as if an attempt had power except the returned wounded and viously an Austrian and capable of any of the German situation:

tion entered defeat, that the loss scarcely touches the

and as if this attempt force, but this fores was obtained by auch of the greatest possible deployment of had bon sha glory of Germany. In this way the loss

by the quick and ner (Returning to the charge two days later think

ation of the of enormoustracts.

The paper excessive calls upon labour in agriculture, najority kowever, that there was not a industry, mines, and even munition is clear from Here von Bethmann Holl- July 5th-the Baron adopts an almost (4)tirely obscured.

treatment of Italy's victories plaintive note, is seeking to explain his question of a systemacie denial of a works, that it is questionable whether the weg speech to the Main Committee of the earlier and somewhat egregious assurances solemn declaration, but rather of a lack good outweighed the barm. Had this Reichstag on January 31st last, on which one of von Ardenne's most gross efforts that Russia Revolutionary Army in obscuration.

was of abdity it handling Parliamentary culminating point of German manpower This is all he has to

orcasion he quoted Hindenburg, as saying say:-" Bine July of last year.

to the table of an offensive against the boos of pen & strong and the the actors been used to beat down one hostile Great that "the military situation as a whole beginning of 1917. Cadorna has fought his

of the

tics

even a strong and netitorious offi Power or another, and to bring about a pormils us to accept all consequences Central Concracial site, to create a political of would best an U-boat sixth to ninth battles on the Isonzo."

Even now, despite the That is all he falls back on the battle that his confident prophecies wer

he cannot bring himself frankly to admit rastlin, fervid milion people Thy much to be said for it, but no such use bring about. Hindenburg added that of Jamiano of the present year to finish bish, and that the Russian Army has in stands broly upon the groud of peace of munitions to which Hindenburg a sequently we owe the policy of ruthless

rub Frankfurter adds that the

was made of it, while the doubled supply “it must be begun”. To the Marshal con off. in five lines, all Italy's claims to suc fact already accomplished what he assert by agrement and that the Etincellor is at pired could all the less easily he secured.

Yet in August, 1916, Gorizia, a posi-ed it could never again attempt. And so one with them in this. This must

assassination on the one hand, for which tion deemed impregnable fell to the he argues that, not Kerensky, not Brisby those people in Germany who still in The Germans certainly produced a great

noted

we shall make Germany pay dearly before Italians and Italy's victorious armies enr. salov, not the Russian people, but an in not submit to the dictum that terminy body of airmen in the early months of we have done, and on the other the armed ried them floriously aver an almost in- famous person named Buchanan Eng is not carrying on a way of conquest, 1917, but in every battle in the West, in intervention of America, which is one of Farmountable line on to the Carso, and sh Ambassador Buchanan "was really the determination of the Reichstaguio artillery, and it is to Hindenburg's light-heartedly accepted without under- The aflair has brought to fresh expression 3017 as in 1916, they were inferios in the consequences which the Marshal so well beyond the Isonzo,

responsible for this very puzzling (Continued at foot of next Column)

Assort its will.

standing what it meant.⠀ ⠀

objectives.

men is

is

Less.

.of

territory and 300,000

offensive.)

POSTCAJPT,

be

the peace.

HINDENBURG AND MAN-POWER.

(Continued at foot of next Columni.)

THE U-BOAT WE It is in the main to Hindenburg that we owe the ruthless submarine war and com sequently the accession to cur ranks of besides the rupture of relations between the United States and of other countries,

Germany and many other nations. This

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