1917-10-10 — Page 6

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133

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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 10Tя, 1917.

Quality,

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ALBANIA AND THE ALBANIANS.

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DEVELOPMENT OF EMPIRE TREATMENT OF THE

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to

th:

WOUNDED IN BATTLE,

DEADLY MACHINE GUNS.

The Medical Record quotes from he Ceduce the following description of what the sunitary service of a battalion consists of during an offensive campaign: --

איז ווונוּ פַא

as

for the stretcher men to advance with the troops. The author remained at the dressing post, his task being to relay the wounded to a content poste de sumira, in the rear.

Of the maller autions of Europe who are looking forwar anxiously for the results of this war, which is being waged

The last report of the work of the on behalf of their right to exist and develop, none awaits more eagerly than Imperial Institute presented Albania. And of all small nations none Executive Council, of which Lord Isling-

According to Choyrou, it was expected has fought a longer battle for liberty ton is Chairman, states that, apart from The Albanian is the eldest thing in the confidential reports to the Admiralty, the before the latest French offensive that Balkan Perrianin, and from the carly Ministry of Munitions, the War Trade much would have been learned from the Somme campaign in 1910: As a matter days when the Komuns fought his Ills Department, and other Government of fact, but little difference was to be an anestors and their proud queen, partients, reports were completed on the noted, although there was some improve- Teate, his history has been a series of epic composition, value and commercial pro-ment in rapid removal of wounded to struggles against one invader after the pects of raw materials from eighteen the rear. The commander of the battalion other. He has outlived four empires and countries in the Empire overseas, while informed the author before the offensive retained his individuality. Scutari, the enquiries received and answered of the point departure of the attacking We call it (Shkodra in Albanian), was Illyria's capital before the coming of the related to as many as thirty British waves, so that the site of the adfe de

countries.

euld be appropriately chosen, Renians, Berlin,, Petrograd, Beigende,

Five tours of potatoes, which were for An usucayntion was prepared and rooted even Vienru, are modern in compariswarded to the Institute from Egypt, for in with planking and sheet iron, the work This with Scutari....

trial sale in the English market, proved being done by the stretcher men, Roman civilisation seems to have to be of very good quality and were shell proof room was furnished with n spread swiftly in Illyria. Judging by readily disposed of in London, realising bench, table, shelves, etc. ornaments and implements found in pre; prices up, to sid, per fb wholesale. Whe On the morning of the day of attack Roman graves, indeed, the Illyrians had the potatoes from Egypt could he sold the author was at his post with some a considerable civilisation of their own, at a profit in normal times is doubtfzi, musicians, who acted eniergency. and were among the earliest manufactur- but it is understood that the Egyptian stretcher men. Soon the regular stretcher ers and users of irons. The Albanian authorities may decide to ship consignmen arrived with supplies, which includ.

converted claim that they were Christianity by St. Paul himself. Arnts of potatoes to England next winter, ed so-called compass stretchers, small ings, and Vincent's powder. Just before. any rate, they were early converted, for and the Imperial Institute has offered vehicles for transporting stretchers, dreas to arrange for their sale in London. we find Sentari an Archbishopric as early Meanwhile, arrangements are being mud the attack, in the evening, the soldiers as 507. And Albania has formed part of for the despatch of seed potatoes of the were accompanied in the march by The orderlies with first-aid dressings. Patriarchate of Rome ever since. Nor type preferred in England for trinxiliary physician now gave the word were the Illyrinus à anquered people, Egypt.

Roman Emperor possible new raw ninterint for paper Diocletion and Constantine the Great mufacture is indicated by the increas auong then-was of native blood

ing use of wattle bark by British tanners, Boman-Illyrinn civilisation was rudely Large quantities of the spent bark are broken into and largely destroyed by the likely to be available in the United

The auxiliary who accompanied his invasion of huge hordes of a pagan peoplò Kingdom, and investigations conducted at

the Slavs. By the seventh century they the Imperial Institute show that, though stretches men was to distribute them as had seized large tracts of the plain lands the yield of pulp from the bark is some-he saw fil. The nuthor, at his post, was and driven Rotan elvilisation to the what low, the material is promising for accompanied by musician stretcher men, who were to relay wounded after they east, where it has never entirely died production of brown paper and the had been dressed A ranking orderly G. Of the Illyrian population part, no cheaper grades of white or cream papers, registered the wounded as they arrived and doubt, was absorbed, though it has left auch as newspapers. Arrangements are made out the tests. A second subor traces. The bulk of the people, who now being made at a British paper mill dinate, with motor cycle, kept the thief sheltered in the mountainous districts of for a large scale trint of the spent bark. battalion physician in the rear closely in- modern Albanin, retained its language, A special monograph (supplementary formed as to the need of fresh men and its individuality, and its customs with retwenty-nine others on various minerals

supplies. Those but slightly wounded markable Renaeity. Every effort made to published in the Rulletin of the Imperial at the front were guided by orderlies to HIGH EXCHANGE REBATE WILL SAVE YOU DOLLARS. Slavise them failed completely, and when, Institute) is now in preparation, dealing the post de seepers, having recived ne After sheir wounds on the death of Tear Stefan Dushan, in with the cecurrence and atilisation of Brst-aid dressings. 1356, his great but short-lived Serbianzine ores through the world, with special had been dressed they were directed to Empire fell to pieces, the Albanians were reference to the British Empire.... among the first to break loose.

An enquiry has been received from Albania's first catastrophe was the coui- Zanzibar, regarding the disposal of clove ing of the Slavs, whom she was wont to stems, which before the war were shipped consider her foe. Her seen was the comprincipally 46 Germany. It is understood ing of the Turks. To these the Albanians that this by-product of the Zanzibar clove

After the troops had advanced well be were the last of all the Baikan peoples to industry was used for two purposes' ;--- succumb Their chieftain, Skanderbeg (1) Grinding to powder, for use as youd the first post the auxiliary physician kept the Turks at bay for twenty-four cheap spice in place of genuine clove saw to it that an advanced port was estab victorious years, and extended his terri powder; and (2) distillation of volatile lished in a natural or artificial shelter. tories. It was not till his death in 1487oil. There is not likely to be a large de The author's original post now functioned that the Turks overran the land. But mand for the stems for the first of thesein part as a buse. With the further ad- the old Illyrian spirit remained un broken. The tribesmen retained local purposes in the United Kingdom, but thence of the troops others were establish possibility of distilling oil from them hased, while messengers, by a system of ic autonomy, and in the mountains no doubt been discussed with a number of essential arts, hep the new prists supplied with

Stretchers, relay men, dressings, etc. inuch independence. Again and again oil distillers, and as a result it appears they sent appeals to Venice to help them probable that a market might be found Eght for freedom. But in vain. Finally for the stems for that purpose. in the 17th century they began going over to Islam in considerable numbers. The Greeks and the Slays had done so as early as the 16th century. Again it was the Albanian who was the last to succumb to environment.

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the rear by the relay ten. All the other wounded recrived first-aid treatment on the spot in the nost sheltered places and the stretcher men. informed as to their whereabouts, bore them to the first paste de sermute,

The author acted as macioni -be- tween the auxiliary physician at the front and the chief inftalton physician at the rear. To protect the wounded and . stretcher men as much as possible a trench Dawn came the Turk, more fierce than was cut from the poste de zeintes forward, ever. Printing presses wero closed, school and the stretcher inen travelled along masters. editors, printers imprisoned. certain definite lines, which culminated in the so-called ravine. : Some of tnis Favoured by the Turkish Government Albanian, if printed at all, was to be Albanian chicis rapidly gained power, printed in, Arb'e characters-totally work was done in advance of the battle, and soon reconquered a large part of the unfit for European language. The but when new posts were needed the ex- ancestral lands whieli had been torn from Government printed thousands of alpha-vation must have been impromptu, Ap- their forebears by the provious invaders. bets and sent them to Albania. The Parently cortain first treatment was given stretchers were carried, others transported So strong did they become that they people collected them and burnt them at after entrance in the trench. Nome For many Berat. The immediate resuits of these in wagonettes; as a rule the wounded re again struck for freedom years Ali Pashi, of South Albania, whose oppressions were the Albanian insurrec-mained in the stretchers, bat were car capital was Jamins, was quite independ- tions of 1010-11 and 1912. They were the ried onward by relay men.

In an offensive those wounded by ent and almost succeeded in getting precursors of the Balkan War of 1919-13) English support. And the Pasha of in these wars the Albanians as a whole Bachine-gun bullets show a marked pre- Scutari was almost as powerful. Tho remained neutral, defending themselves ponderance. Shell fragment wounds are Machine-gun fire Turks then made a very determined effort only when attacked, but they were invad. correspondingly rare. to crush the Albanians once for all. ed and devastated in parts by more than may be so deadly as to cause wide havoc.

In wounds of the head and chest tine- It is perhaps not desirable here to enter ture of jodine was sprayed on; in wounds Price $2.75 $3.25 Each, South Albania fell entirely into Turkish one arany.

hands. The north was badly beaten, but not wholly subdued. Nor did the nation in criticism of the recent actions of of the abodomen ether is preferred, and for allies and foes in that war. I will say wounds of the extremities Vincent's as a wholt forget its traditions.

When other peoples of the Balkans ob-only that throughout its horrors the powder. The rule is never to explore s dressing post, nor to touch tained favour at the Congress of Berlin, Albanians never lust hope in the ultimate wound at the Albuminns tan, asked for recognition, justice of Europe, and that these hopes one with the angers. Nevertheless every were inost cruelly blighted when, in re- attempt is made to secure thorough disin England favoured the formation of a

10. their earnest prayer, the fection by means of irrigation and in- large Albanian province, with a view to spotsE

Fractured limbs and injured its future independence. It is obvious Powers sent them a wholly incapable and sufflation, that, had this been effected and the incompetent German, the Prince von abdomens are immobilized. Those wound

Wied.

He did not even deign to visit ed in the thorax receive morphine. frontiers delimited, very many recent

shocked subjects oil of camphor is in- evils and difficulties would have been his country and people, but sat in a avoided. But the Powers were not very comfortable palace on the coast and jected and the patient is allowed water. Much pains have. agreed. And the Turks punished the tried to make a little German court. And with or without rum chieftains who had risen for freedom by the people who had looked towards him been taken to mitigate the severity of as to a Messiah saw, to their helpless distransport Wagonetles for stretchers are death or by exile. Turkish governors

Coverlets are available for the wounded. banian towns, and Albania was in hard unscrupulous and disgraceful European Ambulance autes come up as near the and often garrisons were put in the Alay, their land made the prey of most provided with springs and rubber tires. plight, worse than that of any other intrigues. Balkan raos Each of the others had a But it is darkest before dawn. Albania front as is safe. If possible, there is n big brother outside, who, for more hopes that the day for which she has change from one stretcher to another." or less selfish reasons, saw that she had struggled so long is coming at last. churches, priests, Looks and schools of her Sixty thousand refugees who have found ows, through which to develop her shelter in America are awaiting the day when pence is proclaimed; and they may nationality.

take up the work with new found know. ledge of reorganising their fatherland,

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A SERGEANTS PLUCK, AN INCIDENT ON THE AISNE FRONT

The other day there was an incident o one of the plateaux at the foot of the Forest of Cousy (north of Soissons) which earned for the French sergeant, who was.. its heroin civil life he is a commercial traveller the Medaille Militaire and the Croix de Chevalier de la Couronne Royale d'Italie,

No outside over protected Albania, and the Turks, knowing the result of

No one who knows the Albanian, his national development, had early for- bidden the use of Albanian in schools and quick intelligence, his industry and in print. No race in Europe has had to energy, can doubt his ultimate success if struggle against such dangers and dif- given a fair chance. He is the artist of fieultice as the Albanians in order to the Balkans, and his aptitude for trade learn. Koritza

the centre of is greater than that of any Balkan race, nationalism in the south. When I first except perhaps the Greeks, while as a visited it in 1904 the school master was skilled craftsman he excels all other still serving out his term of fifteen years Balkan peoples. His silverwork, wood imprisonment for teaching the language, carving, and gold embroideries are to be and the same penalty was inflicted on found in the museums of Europe. But to anyone found with an Albanian book or do himself justice he must be able to Each of the other paper in his possession. But I found the call his soul his own, work at Koritza going bravely and Balkan peoples, un being given independ steadily on. Papers were printed in ence, has been given also the help and London, Brussels, and Bucharest, and protection of some strong Power till abla secretly circulated. The British Foreign to stand alone. Let us hope that this Bible Society had the right to sell its time Albanis will not be left to the publications in the Turkish Empire, and mercies of an "International Control," at the same time calling out to one of quantities of Albanian copies of the Book of Genesis and the Gospel, of St. Mark were bought up greedily by Moslem and Christian alike to serve as means of learning to read. For religion has made no difference to the Albaniaus sense of nationality.

I shall never forget the enthusiasm with which the Young Turks proclamation of the freedom of the Press was hailed in Albania. Mushroom newspapers sprang up almost in a night, Albanian clubs and schools were opened and overfilled, ** Liria, liria?* (liberty, liberty) was on every lip.

(Continued at foot of next column.)

They

At half past 5 in the morning, while he was placing the then of his section of lock-outs in their positions for the day, he was suddenly seized from behind by two Gerinan soldiers, part of a bod which was to make a surprise attack. warned him by signs that he was to keep quiet, but he managed to free his revolver arm and to fire a shot to give the alarm, his meri-whom he had left about 20 yards A part Instund of off-to fire at the struggling knot of men of which he was over their heads, whereupon the Germans obeying him the man fired into the air, let go their hold of the sergeant and took tho to their heels. One of them had a shot at the sergeant before they went, with the Her vital interests in the Adriatic point muzzle of his rifle almost touching the The sergeant, how- to Italy as best fitted to be that pro- Frenchman's body.

which means that each nation concerned plays for its own hand, and the wretched protegé suffers. But may there be one strong protector to whose interest it will be to warn off all trespassers and see that Albania shall belong to. Albanians.

...

tector.

ever, managed to catch hold cl.the barrel Autonomy under a European Prince as and turned the shot so that it only wound- protectorate would be gladly accepted ed him slightly on the thumb and chest. by the Albanians, who of all things dread His resolution and pluck in giving the to see their country dismembered and alarm, instead of tamely allowing himself themselves subjected to the rule of races to be taken prisoner, effectually put a whom they regard only as foes-Satur. stop to the litls coup de main which the

Germans had arranged. day Review)