1917-09-06 — Page 7

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WILL AUSTRIA

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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS,

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THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 6TH, 1917.

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rule and a Parliamen?", measure of hulgate without the asient or knowledge series of treaties has been concluded be- Tand General Barrow were both raised to

to the consolidation of the Central Em- pire Federation.

in Agram. This of the Reichsrath all the laws it may de tween Germany and Turkey, with a view prenution delivered the ruling rice from au antagonist who had the struggle been Cabinet yearns for absolute power for it indispensable. Thus, whenever. the fought out, might have broken up the time, all it has to do is to instigate a few realms of St. Stephen and endangered the deputies to obstruct procedure, and its existence of the Dual Monarchy.

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the Reichsrath is a concession to that The Slav Parliamentary majority,pirit and the abeyance of the scheme for avhich ought to be 1047, was thus reduced the Germanisation of the Monarchy is another. Whether this new disposition of to two vetest, and was further trans- [DY DU. E. J. DILLON.)

formed on a division into a Government the governing classes will prove to have

struggle assumed a different character Down to the outbreak of the war, then,

In the other half of the Empire thenjority by the eighty-three votes which been writ in water will probably depend the Poles invariably gave the Cabinct. on the further operation of the new forces

which have called it into being.

There was published yesterday (says The owing mainly to the special conditions the opposition in the Reichswath consisted of the international position, and the two question in the House of Commons, Austria Hungary, then, holds the key Times of July 11), in response to chat swayed and shaped the action of the the Czechss, the Yugoslava, and the combatants. The Magyars having ruled Ruthenians, or 176 votes.

anti-democratic elements table of the promotions and decorations a large portion of the land for a thou was the hegemony of the Teuton minority still hold the key of Austria-Hungary. If the battle of Ctesiphon to the principal The result pre-Germati

there--the Germans and the Magyars and decorations" which have fallen since sand years, their right to go on rating it And this mastery was safeguarded against these elements are bereft of the mastery. figures in the Mesopotamia Report. It was nowhere called in question. More unpleasant surprizes. If, for instance, the Allies cange may yet he made to was well worth extraction, for it illu

ver, the rates which they held in sub-by any mishap the relative strength of jection were inferior to themselves, not the parties were reversed, and the Govern

prosper. But it seems futile hope for strates precisely one aspect of that" abuse with inburn qualities, but in the actual mens parties were out-numbered by the any such consummation during the proof honours to which we have often attainments which make up what is known opposition, all that would be needed for

gress of the war.

called attention in these columns. There as civilisation. They were also wholly un-

Austria and Hungary are both interestis, of course, no question here of the pur orgamsed, untrained in the art of self the righting of the bilance would be the ed economically in the pitting through chase of titles, whether by cash or by government, and almost unstirred by that weapon supplied by the standing orders of Europe on the lines of the Mid-Euro- of the honours system. Promotion in th

ase by a dozer Germans of the effective of Germany's plan for the reconstruction party servien, which is the worst scandal national which was now at A by the progressive Face of Europe with to thwart every effort ut legislation, pean Federation, and delibera great orders of knighthood, however as their driving-power.

On the

Croats, who

Lion

perseverance,

which aiduously courted in some case with power bring the are not included in this estimate, being machine to a

they have worked for it give us the free from that corroding taint. marked with strong individuality per- mented

Western-ids, and proud of 209, the Government: unable to set. it measure of thoir, confidence in the is far too often the accompaniment or thei

crential success of their cause.

Five solace of a thoroughly mediocre career in the historio part they had played for going can and must, in the interests of thousand Turkish boys have been sent to the public services, and in some cases it centuries in the history of South-Eastern and govern in virtue of Section 14 of the schools there, to retura Inter as apostles even in the face of notorious failure.

with the legislature Germany and Austria to be educated in is frankly bestowed as a matter of caurs Europe, the Magyars wisely and appor Constitation, which empowers it to prof Tautism to the Near East. A whole tunely mestowed a

We find, for instance, that General Duff the highest rank of a very distinguished Indian Order in the curly months of last year-after it had become apparent, os pends upon the melding of Austria deplorable shortcomings in the expedition But the find upshot of the scheme de- our columns bear witness, that there were

In their dealings with the other

Hungary's wlations with Germany The for which they were primarily responsible nationalities the Magyars were less cero is that from the outset of the war down together, commercially as well as politic morcover, has actually been placed, since two Empire must first be welded firmly as military LXperts. General Barrow, motious, not merely keeping them subject to the last day of May this your to the Hungarian State, but endeavour Austrian Reichsrath was not once con-

the ally, before they can hope to get others the Commission began its sittings, ing to crush out every national trait and voked. During that period the country deavours to effect this blending that the Council of the Secretary of State. The

to join them. And it was in their on-impregnable position of a Member of the Self-Coloured Ties in Poplin and Barathen Silks. to magyarise them, by every available was ruled and its foreign business trans two Beans. Therein lies the difference between acted in virtute of Section 14, Czechs and pistacles that led to most of the internal the entrenchments which shield a Member

Governmenis encountered The

Hindenburg

line is a trifle compared with Austrian and Hungarian methods. Aus Yugoslave, depaties, politicians, pub Austro-Hungaria tria takes engnisance of the larger unities, heists, being arrested and may broke out since the war. This economien.

erises that have of Council from anything less explosive is willing to tolerate gationalities,

than an address of both Houses to His condemned by military trials. This mercial partnership is meant to sup Majesty, acknowledge their existence, and permit the deneratic framework of Austria isply a common denominator to the 110 has received the Garter is, perhaps. less That Lord Hardinge himself them to cultivate their language and hit the fagede of a fabric as absoluto and millions of Austrians and Hungarians, surprising, for there is traditionally Plain Coloured Wide End Ties in Shot Effects, literature,

practise their religions, and arbitrary as was that of the Russia and a solid basis for a new accord be damned erit" about this decoration. even to dream their national dreams, bureaucracy under the last of the Tsars, tween the two hahes of the Habsburg Put Lord Hardinge's Carter, as is geir provided that nothing is done to realise And the Austrian Government would have Monarchy. The old accord, or compro drally known, was these. Hungary, on the contrary, while persevered indefinitely in this course of mise, as it is called, which hitherto deter primarily to mark the must notable event in fact intended granting a fair meed of liberty to the make-believe and injustice, championing mined their economie intercourse, bad a Individual, in his pacity Han- the cause of the Germans at home constipulated duration of only ten years, and visit of a Emperor of India to his Vic

In bis

proconsulate namely, the first garian." refuses to recognise the Rongruously with the behest of the Germans its periodic renewal gave rise manian, the Slovak, or, indeed, any abroad, were it not that unforeseen forco Parliamentary agitation and gen

to such roy. Its bestowal can hardly be made a nationality but its own, and that of the factors made themselves felt unexpectedly eral unrest as would, if it recarred, be year, and even at that time it was regard charge against the fiovernment of last Croats. One of the favourite methods of magyarisation in vogue is to select from following each other in the international For a quarter of a century, or, at the very propriate.

New and startling developments rapidly incompatible with the new dispensation.ed by the whole public as eminently ap the public and private schools the most domain compelled the young Emperor's least, for twenty years, the new arrange

In any case that particular intelligent pupils, especially if their advisers to turn over a new leaf.

distinction seems to stand on a special parents be necessitous, to have them entry of the United States into the war

Thement ought, in the opinion of German footing. The main case, in this question educated at the cost of the State in the and the outbreak of the Russian Revolu statesmen, to endure but the Magyar of honours in the public services is principles of political orthodoxy, and to tion created conditions which, however as is their wont, envisaged the dispute against the deadening system of decorat employ them later on i decoy and odious to the slow-moving oligarchs, could as a matter of bargaining, and the con

from a purely national point of surveying mediceritios for were continuity of indocts out their fellow-countrymen, I not long be ignored. Public policy had cession they demanded was a considerable able to expel them,

employment from which no failure seens have myself met several Blars thus mag to be rendinsted to them to some extent.

It is bad for the n yarised at the Austrian Universities. The bulk of the population had shown porta, and more particularly on cattle. best of our devoted public servants, that increase in duties on agricultural tion, and an intolerable injustice to the itself bitterly averse to arbitrary mis-

At this price Couit Tisza was willing to rule for the Schoof of the German section, sell assent to a partnership which would, The work of magyarisation was carried which was not even loyal to Austria. And in any case, have hen an advantageous with the ruthlessness which has now the bulk of foreign nations as well transnction from his country's point of throughout marked the rule of the Hun stigmatised the system, and

Meanwhile the question of continued solemnly laid garin State. I myself remember the down a principle which forbade such

employment must be dealt with fairly bat firmly. It includes the debatable case of fine when German was spoken in most political perversity for all time. It was of the shops of Pesth and Buda, yet a case of Austria against the whole world The Austrians, under the fate Count at the call of the Government to the far Lord Hardinge himself, who went back to-day German speech is hardly ever heard and the majority of its own peoples. Stürgh, after much demurring, conselhumbler position which he held before he thore. The non-bingyar deprived

races

the Government into line with the Ausgeich was on the point of being been wiser, in our opinion, to resign it ment, found it an arduous task to assert new generation. And it was decided to sigaud, when Court Burgkh fell by the before defending in public his long and. their rights or protest against downright tummon Parliament.

hand of Fritz Adler, and was succeeded on the whole, his successful record of injustice. But, despite Crown proseen- That forced decision saved the peoples by a statesman of a different calibre, Here tions and arbitrary punishments, they of the Habsburg monarchy from a set of von Körber, who, refusing to be bound

It includes another debatably gradually organised themselves with help conditions which might have had sinister by the compact, held out for the adoption difficulties there is a good deal to be said. case in Sir William Babtie, about whose from their kindred outside the realm, and consequences for each and all of theo. of measures which would reduce the price On the other hand, every excuse made for thanks to their growing numbers they The Government had been preparing for of meat as son as hostilities ended. the head of the Indian Medical Service became a grave danger to the Magyars, different sort of Parliament, and was After much haggling Count Tisza relu adds to the condemnation of the Finance who have no kindred in Europe to appeal about to yield to the demands clamorously tantly agreed to negotiate, But the ney Department, and especially of Sir Wil In order to ensure themselves against put forward by the Touton clevents to Kaiser's cormation offered him a fresh liam Meyer, who has just, quite inexcus this national peril, the Magyars became wake German the State language, so to opportunity to urge Austria's acceptance ably, heen given a new sphere of employ the clients of the German Empire, the carve the electoral constituencies of of the covenant already struck up and so authors of the Austro-German Alliance Bohemia that German interests should he pressed Von Körber for an insedinte Finally, there is the case of Sur. and of the present war which applied it, gain thereby, and to exclude Polish answer. Thereupon the Austrian Premier D.D. M.S. in the Western Command, who geon General Hallaway, returned as still Count Tisza, then Hungarian Premies, Galicia from the Reichsrath by declaring resigned, and the Emperor, having vain is one of the really gross culprite of the contributed to the aggression which was it autonomous, and thus to help they entrusted Dr von Spitzmüller with the Mesopotamia Resort, condemned not only Jutended to bring about the war against Germans to a decisive majority there formation of a transitional Administra by the Commission but cut of his own Serbia more effectively even than the Ger- Such was the

The late tion, summoned Count Clam-Martinit.mouth. man Government.

Emperor Franz Joseanne

advisers were for who had het office in Yan

We bracket Surgren-General Hathaway with Sie Beauchamp Duff, who Thus, ench half of the Halsburg realm executing it, he approved their counsel, Cabinet.

That was one of the motives for fler as being the most fingrant objects of con- is clearly unemployed in perpetuity. is dominated by a racial minority which and the tenour of their policy had been looks for help in war and cepts guid. already adjusted to that resolve.

The von Kurber's failure to breathe new demnation in all this sorry, business, ance in peace from the German Empire ervans of Bohemia, Tyrol, Carinthia.cipal ene

Czechs were put down mercilessly. The into old Austria and it was not the prin

In Austria proper he was The bulk of the population is frankly and the other Teutonic provinces were faced with distacles which rendered at C.S. AIRMEN TO END THE WAR." hostile to Austria, to Hungary, and to their abettor Germany, yet it is com- privileged and humoured. The Poles of hope of a regeneration or readjustment

Mr. Cox, gemor of Ohio, addressing pelled withal to sacrifice its substance intein were warned that they would be through the instrumentality of the new

a meting in Indiana, expressed the and its manhood in the pursuit of Ger excluded from the Reichsrath on the Cabinet fatile, The Austrian Germans many's politico-racial ideals State Bround that they were henceforth to be had, as we saw, formulated a number of opinion that American aviators flying in organised on such a basis is a a self-governing region. All that was still reforms," one of them being a declara American aeroplanes would bring the

the nerded was the final touch, which would tion that the official language of the coun posterous freak which, whatever

From facts in my pos The session." he said. I have formed the upshot of this war, cannot be

transform Austria into a German Empire. try shall henceforth by German. perpetuated in its present form. It must either dis- And it was the belligerency of the United Crown desired that all these innovations positive belief that American airmen will solve into its racial constituents or else States, on the one hand, and Russin's should be promulgated by Imperial break into the skyline of Germany like be absorbed in the new Mid-European prising on the other hand, that stayed decree, congruously with the hated Bec-birds in migration, not to kill women and Federation in which it is destined by the execution of this design, and wrought tion 14 of the Constitution, without the children or commit human slaughter in Germany to play an important part. If but fair to say that fear of consequences sitting. But Herr von Körber refused, reached Essen and Kiel, will destroy not If complete change in the outlook. It is asscut of the Parliament, which was not any form, but American bird-men, having the two minorities in Austria-Hungary was not the only motive to which the wing, doubtless, to the vastness of the only Germany's navy, but every instita- are enabled after this war to go un dominating the other races of the Mon- part determined by the circumstance that Count Clam was summoned to the helm, Prussian Imperialism.

Austrian Emperor yielded. He was in changes involved.

It was then that tion which perpetnates the menace of archy, and forting them to subserve the Tenton aims, the conclusion to be drawn

the hecanse he was anderstood to be a parti chcasboard were also changed san of what is euphemistically termed Ruthenians or Ukrainians constituted an- Allies have sustained a signal and lasting Thus Russia, who had for ages coveted needed a man at once cautious and dar fair to loom large on the horizon of East- from the Austrian point of view. a firm Government," and the Emperorather hotly-contested question, which hidr The expedients by which the Austrian the first time disavowed these aims Count Clam, fike his predecessor, was for the concrete changes produced by the Constantinople and the Straits, now for ing, resourceful and venturesome. But ern Europe in the near future, One of Government has hitherto contrived, in emphatically and authoritatively.

She convoking the Reichsrath and laying the resolute attitude of the Poles was the spite of the growing democratic spirit, also laid down her inchoate hegemony of problems before it. And as the Emperor abolition of the unwritten law that Ger- to keep the second class nationalities the Balkans, and put away from her all could decide upon in their inferior position, are worth such aspirations and tendencies in the Körber had his way.

no alternative Von man should be the ordinary language of

The Parliament glancing at. For universal suffrage

Thus the ghost of Pan-Slavisin met, the Cabinet entered into private the eight languages represented in the future.

the Parliament. Henceforward cach of exists in the Dual Monarchy, and the was laid, and the main causes of hostility, negotiations with the principal political Reichsrath may be employed, and the electoral law is amazingly democratic in rivalry, and distrust between the two parties, and in particular with the Poles theory; so too are the standing order Empires were displaced. And one of the on whose support it was wont to rely; but prator who uses it will see a German govern Parliamentary procedure. first consequence of this sudden develop the result was disappointing, end on If the Siny deputies avail themselves of translation of it in the Austrian Hansard. At the age of 21 every male citizen has a ment was the severing of that, noxus Tune 5th the Slavs solid the vole, and every deputy has the right to between the Austrian Slave and the inde Government and defeated against to this new regulation the Apeaker who COMPAÑIA obstruct legislation against the ruling of pendent Slav States in Eastern Europe against 183 votes.

understands only German will lose his the Speaker and the will of the majority which kept the Vienna Cabinet in a state portent. The Clam Cabinet resigned. For this odd arrangement there is a very of

The Emperor of Austria put off taking This result was brought about by the the oath to observe the Constitution- convincing reason from the point of view punity with which the Habsburgs could Poles, on ground which I hesitate to perhaps until he had modified and accom

perpetual disquietude, and the in- of Austria's foreign protectress.

henceforward treat their Yngo Slavs and call purely national. Seventy Galician modated it to the new needs. In Austria proper there are 516 con- Czechs. Russia is now believed to be Deputies refused to vote the Budget stituencies which have to be divided among harmless from these points of view, and to cooperate with the Körber Cabinet Europe, so in the Habsburg Monarchy, the Slave (60 per cent of the popula no longer an obstacle to Austria's striv-The motives for this refusal are somewhat the conflict is raging between Blavdom tion"), the Germans (35 per cent), and ing for the protectorate of the Balkans. obscare, but they were derived from the Juns the balance between them was upset

and Teutondom,

PIGTAILS. In the first week of the Roumanians and Italians. Of these

discussions that had gone on between the 516 seats the Slave receive only 259 instead It would also be less than Justice to Polish Club and the Cabinet for two by the action of the Poles. The Emperor of the 310 to which they are entitled, blink the fact that the Ministers of Karl months before the fateful June day. The and his Ministers are now endeavouring whereas the Germans send 932 deputies Franz Josef have learned something dur, peculiar status which Galicia was fore- restore it For on that artificial instead of 181. The Italians are allowed ing this fict: They are becoming alive destined to occupy in regenerate Austria vival of Austria, but her qualifications On Sale at all the

equilibrium depends not indeed the sur- nineteen, and the Roumanians six. In to the that a new spirit is steadily was one stumbling block. It appears that order to arrive at this result the German moving the peoples of Europe, a spirit ait autonomous Galicia would be left by for the role assigned to her by Germany constituency contains an

the new dispensation. Ways and souls, while that of the S86 of 42,899 incompatible with many of the ambitions the Monarchy. tntirely to.its own re means must be devised to enable the War as muy of offer Austria-Hungary, but har sources, would have no representatives in Lord in Berlin to compel the Poles, the Those Slays whom it seemed monising with the heartfelt desires of the Legislature no francia for Czechs, the Yugoslavs, and other peoples as 65,479

ssible to thrust away in the back- mest of her peoples. The summoning a civil administration during the war, fiture battles against their own kith and ground-the. Ruthenians-are allowed

of the Habsburg Monarchy to fight his only one deputy for every 116,700 220s against 208 Germans, Italians, personnel, irritated the Poles, who vainly Nobody denies that if a referendum could

that is to say, of a German for a Polish

kin. That is Austria's problem to-day. inhabitants.

and Roumanians.

clamoured for an immediate return to 1959 against 257. § 109 votes,

10.

pre-

from this phenomenon will be that the PolitiPosition of the pieces on

defcat.

which

*The Czechs, Poles, Buthenians, and Yugoslavs are compated at 17,000,000 In || round numbers, the Germans at 10,000,000,

CONCESSION TO THE NEW SPIRIT.

37 votes

131 votes

war to an end.

This was indeed a hold on the assembly.

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