1917-08-27 — Page 2

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WILLEM HEYBLOM,

POWELL'S BUILDING.

Tons

DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, AUGUST 27TH, 1917.

TORPEDO PROOF SHIPS

HUDSON MAXIM'S PLAN.

BUN TO EARTH.

BY WILFRED L, BANDELI Deep in the heart of a mile-long cloud, scouting acroplane swung in immense

ZOOLOGICAL WORK IN CHINA HONEYMOON EXPLORERS REACH BURMA.

slow spirals through Beccy whiteness. the China coast Yunnan and the on-

It was a day of low- seeking tha lying mist. on the earth; the pilot bad only means to be out for a ten-minute flutter, but after, several attempts to dis cover anything worthy of report, he had craved the joy long forbidden to bin-an excursion for pure lazy pleasure through the upper air.

Hudson Maxim asserts that he can make a ship torpedo-proof by protective walls, not of heavy armour, but of a combination of metalic rods and cylinders filled with water. The rods are to impede and slow down the velocity of the high the torpedo, pressure gases fro which are the destructive agent of its plosion, while the water, shattered into rs, is to cool them, contract them und reduce their pressure. Thus it will De possible, Mr. Maxim believes, that a torpedu should explode in direct contact Wild & saip's hull without inflicting serious damage upon her. He communi cates the details of his device to The Scientific American (New York, June 8th), remarking, somewhat dryly, that as the Germans are in no present need of protective devices against torpedoes, this publication can not be considered as giving" aid and comfort" to the enemy. Mr. Maxim remarks that the principle of his device is not other than that of that bears the the celebrated "silencer name of another member of his family,

A line of ballets streamed past his head, He writes:

When a gun provided with a Maximtare his dream to tatters sent the poet silencer is fixed, the silencer acts to shrinking back, and shook the fighter to dissipate and absorb the energy of the attention in a moment. So some other cscaping gasos, thereby lessening the in- fellow had climbed, clined and waited, Britoy taking a senti tensity and suddenness of the shock upon on the watch for a

mental journey! Smart chap, thought the atmosphere.

the pilot, as he switched on the engine and executed a tricky side-slip; "but if that had been me, I wouldn't have missed!!

I propose to employ a principle similar to that of the silencer for dis- sipating the energy of the explosive blast of a torpedo against the hull of a ship. In addition to this, the gases of the ox plosive binst are made to take up, spray and mix with a sufficient quantity of water, instantly to reduce their tempera-

ture and volums about tenfold.

Sixteen thousand feet up higher than Mont Blanc, and twice the height of the now-line of the Alps-he shut off bis engine and the thrill of the splendid descent began. He could hear the mur- maring of the guns, blanketed by ground. fog, a mere ghost of sound-the musical rush of his stays and planes almost over powered it. It would not be long, he thought, before he was back amid that ceaseless thunder, but, incanwhile, what a day for an airman of a poetic turn of mind! Golden light in flood, a floor of pale amber far below, and all space for his own private kingdom..

Mrs. Hoy roon

she says.

Mr. Edmund

TRADE OF HONGKONG.

QUIET TONE.

The following statistics have been taken from the fortnightly price current and market report of the Hongkong Chamber of Commerce..

Bendres.

..

..

OPIUM.

EXPORTS:

IMPORTS.

3,000 SPECIMENS OBTAINED After completing a 2,000 mile trip administered and unmapped territory on

The stocks of Opium on August 23rd were Paina 290 chests; Benares, 103 the Tibetan and Brisma borders, Mr. and

Andre chests; Malwa, 136) chests; and Persian explorers Heller, African lion-hunting and Turkish, 5 chests. During the in- In uncertified fame, returned to civilization at Rangoon terval 100 chests of Turkish and Persian opium the balance of stocks on August and are now sight-seeing in India. They opium were exported. plan to return to Amurin vidious 23rd were: 41 chests Patna and 194 cheats. and Japan (says the Y Daily News). The Andrews party passed through Shanghai in May, 1910. It comprises the arst of several Uriental expeditions plan. There is no change to report in ned by the American Museum of Natural Feathers, and in Ginger there is nothing History, New York. Although the couple doing. In Calangal, Cassia Oil and Star had been married 18 months it was coAniseed there is no business, with the sidered a honeymoon journey, as it was same remark applying to Saigon Cassia. the first opportunity Mrs. Andrews had In Bristles there is no change to report,

The Cotton market is very quiet. had of accompanying her husband on a vological jaunt, Mrs. Andrews donned

for caution in the interests of buyers and men's clothes as soon us, the party got

sellers Daily clearances are Rimost into the wilds, and it was great fun," The extraordinary riso in exchange makes

The couple left Shanghai at the end of

negligible. Home prices are strong. May for Foochow, where they were the Cotton Yarn--The market is extremely

of the Rov. Harry R. Caldwell, a Sierhunting Methodist of local faite dull, with prices on the weak side. Quotations are nominally:--No. 10 at after which they went to Indo-China and into Yunnan, having been joined by Mr. 8155/100. No. 12s at $175/192. No. 189 Heller, with a special cinematograph $208/230, No. 20 at 8940/280. Arrivale machine, who was to shoot the bigger 3,500 hales, Sales 500 bales, Ship- game and also to take "movie picturesments wil, Unsold stock 2.500 bales, Mr. Heller had Bargains 28,000 bales. For Woollens, of natural anisunt life.

with common

all other Piece demand, has slackened off. done the same sort of work when he was with Colonel Roosevelt's expedition in Goods,

In Africa, and Mr. Andrews is an experi There is not great difficulty in obtaining enced zoologist.

supplies of Blankets from home. * THE BLUE TIGER,

Raw Cotton no business has been trans- In Their adventures in Fukien provinco, hoted and quotations are nominal.

when interviewed by the languon were first mentioned by Mr. Andrews Metals business has been dull and there is very little doing. In Petroleum Pro- Gazette. At Foochow boats were obtained ducts there is no change. At present it and a 200 mile voyage was made up the is considered inadvisable to quote on Coal. Min river to Yenpungfu, which landed Sugar the market is firm, and in them right in the midst of stirring times, as Yenpingiu was being attacked by Saltpetre there are no stocks.

In these troubles rebels and bandits. the party were not molested, and, they went on expeditions after game. Things became so dangerous at Yeapingfu that the military, commander asked the party to go back to Foochow

He gazed warily round; the other. machine had also dropped and was driv ing across in grand style ready for the next bout. Judging the time, he sees sharply, banking terrifically, and coming When a mass of high explosive, like round again became for awhile the par the contents of a torpedo war-hend, issuer. He had perceived a sardonic grin exploded against a ship's hall at the on the face of the other man. That glit usual depth of, say, from nine to eighteentering smile of defunce set him dreaming feet below the water line, the mass of again, he dived steeply into the abyss, water surrounding the explosives serves and strange idens flitted through his as an anvil to resist, the blast in all brain. Here were two human beings, in other directions except toward the intelligent and skilled, fiddling about Sterior of the ship; and as the ship's hull trying to seotel each other above the is the line of least resistance, the great clouds on a day lovely enough to be innss of gases under high temperature the birthday of the world. What could and pressure passes into and through the be the rational explanation of so astound hull of the ship with such destructive ing a fact? He sighed and peered up were stopped, and an effort was made to

That chap was no be violence as to cause the immediate sinking ward... of large vessel of ordinary construe ginner-he know, all the tricks; here he

enme again, all out, confound him Philosophy must wait.

tion,

resistance OUR

"At the instant following detonation the gases begin to expand in all directions, and they expand as much more rapidly on the line of least resistance, as the that line is less than in other directions. Consequently, the highly restant mass of water surround ing the hall of incandescent gases server as a gun, while the gases themselves, both as propellant and projectile, are hurled on the line of least resistance through and into the ship's hull, expanding in

all directions in the form of a cone...

"One Volume of a high explosive thousand volumes of develops about combustion, after cooling down to atmos pheric temperature and pressure, but when the gases enter the ship, and after they have expanded a thousand times the volume of the original explosive body, they still have a temperature of probably about 5,000deg. F. Therefore, the quantity of heat, which they contain is suficient to increase their volume tenfold more. Thus the original volume

Sainpans and boats were obtained und the trip was exciting, as troops used to They stand on the banks of the river and prac bise masketry at paseing bouts. commandeer their sampans and boats, but the Governor was appealed to and gavo them safe passego, through to Foochow Mrs. Andrews thoroughly enjoyed her experience and spoke of it as great fun.

Like two midges over a pond in sun-

On returning to Foochow it was decided mer sunshine they dodged and circled, to go to Faching and try to get specimens looped and recovered, retreated and re of what is known there as the blue tiger.

This was one of the objects of the turned, in a duel of wits, the enemy

Some of these animals had evidently reserving his fire until an padition. effective chance appeared. After a series been killed by Mr. Caldwell, and, as they of amazing evolutions they entered the area rare and valuable variety, the party cloudbank: the pilot enticed his oppon-were anxious to get at least one specimen ent fairly in front of him, the two This tiger's colour is maltese grey and black. They hunted for weeks and many machines thrashing along, as closely at times were within an ace of success but Et couple of planes nearing the pylons at

Hendon on a show-day in the olden times, iniled, and had to leave without one. His gun was right; his speed and angle were precisely right; and then his finger refused to press the trigger.

Hang it, he thought, one can't drill holes in a chap's back. Especially as one doesn't happen to have any am unition. Luckily he doesn't know that I'll drive him down."

He hung on like 'a hioodhound. What ever swerve or pitch the other tried he copied instantly; there was

ΤΖΟ

op-

QBANDEVE OF THE MOUNTAINS.

The stock of Flour is about 200,000 ancks, of which about 40,000 are American. Que tations: American Patent. $1.65 per ock; American Cut off, 3.50 per sack; Japanese 2nd Patent, 83.15 per sack; Japanese Ard Patent, .10 per sack: Straight, $3.15 per sack: Japanese Chinese Straight, 83.15 per sack.

DECIMAL MONEY. APPROVED BY BRITISH BANKERS.

The Institute of Bankers recently published the report of a Committee appointed to inquire into the adoption of a decimal coinage and the metric system of weights and measures, and this report was adopted by the Council of the Institute on May 2nd.

They

of four cubic feet of explosive develops portunity for the hunted one to double test Lolo territory, where it is said the penny, which is worth 4/900th of a

+

40,000 cubic foot of gases,

"If we can succeed, by means of water, in abstracting the excess heat of the gases of the explosive blast of a German torpedo as they enter the ship's hull, we shall decrease their volume from 40,000 cubic feet to 4,000 cubic feet. Not only this, but also if we can succeed in making the gases do work upon certain obstruc tions placed in their path, they will be cooled just in proportion to the amount of work that they thus do.

"A strong, steel wire or round red, drawn taut and interposed in the path of the blast of a high explosive, offers very great powers of resistance, and it is very difficult to break such a wire or red by the explosive blast. Consequently, if 4

screet composed of strong, steel wires or rods he placed in the wall of a ship's hull in such position that it will receive the initial impact of the gases, and, by wine drawing and iraped ing them, dissipate a portion of their heat or energy and slow their velocity; and if the screen be un arranged that the gases strike. it obliquely or a glancing the screen is less sudden and more blow, or in such wise that the shock upon gradual, then the screen will resist much better the impingement of the blast.

To this end I suggest placing a series of steel screens consisting of inch steel rods and 4 inch steci rods, alternating with one another,

“But in addition to the proposed screens, I purpose also to interpose be tween the seat of explosion and the screens a barrier or wall of water, so that the gases of explosion will carry forward with them a large mass of water against the screens, spraying and atomiz, ing the water and mising it intimately with the temperature and volume tenfold, which means reducing their volume from 40.000 cubic feet to 4,000 cubic feet."

The report states that the existing system of weights and measures is an obstacle to the extension of our foreign trade, and that the committee recommends the adoption of decimal coinage, chiefly with a view to the introduction of the metric A return was made to Hongkong, and system of weights and measures. from there the party went to Tonking, state that the pound sterling must remain whence they went by the French railway the unit of value, but recommend that. to Yannaniu. This being the end of the instead of being divide into 980 far- railway line, a caravan of 33 wules and things, it shall be divided into 1,000 mils. horses was obtained and a ride of 26 miles Except that the half-crown may, and the took them toward the Tibetan border, threepenny price must, be discarded, the where they camped. They left Yunnanin value of the silver coins would remain on September 9th, 1916, From this on uultered. A shilling would still be they humed and trapped through Septem. 1/20th of a pound or 50 mile, the florin ber, October, November, December, and still 1/10th of a pound or 100 mijls, January through Moso and Lolo coun- An interesting point arose as to the or to twist clear, and a nose-dive so near taking care not to enter the inde value of the coin to take the place of the earth simply cant suicide. Down they slanted; both arw a possible landing place when dangerously low, and each hoped it was behind his own lines for their bearings were lost long ago.

"Good business!" exclaimed the pilot: he recognised the familiar colour in a group of men who stood fascinated by the great aie-game. The enemy plane landed softly as a gull taking the water; the pilot followed. Both airmen alighted as some officers came running up.

My little lot. I think," aid the

Slightly soiled, but prac pursuer. tically new," But when the German, who seemed rather perplexed, began to thank him for his generosity in not shooting, he felt compelled to protest.

"Let it slide, my dear chap." he said smiling. "You see, I really don't know what. I should have done if I'd had a belt of cartridges handy. Anyway, you must frightfully thirsty, so come along and have some liquid with me when they've finished taking your name and address."

torpedoed, all of which is illustrated by pressure under them in case the ship is the accompanying drawings.

pound. The point was whether the coin strangers are killed on sight.

They hunted for some time on Snow should be 8/1000 or 4/1000 of a pound. Mountain, camping at ao altitude of It was considered that a coin of 4 mila 13,000 ft. and shooting game at

from should be used, the introduction of a 14,000 to 15,000 ft Snow Mountain, through which the Yangtze, ents, is mil piece would cause widespread 18,000 ft. high, and the gorges, which in hostility to the change.

The Committee recommend that the some places are 3,000 to 4,000 ft. deep are the only thing, Mr. Andrews said, which change shall not become effective until could compare in grandeur to the Grand some time after peace is declared and the Canyon of the Colorado in Ame reason is rather interesting. It is that rien, one of the great sights of the world. ander war conditions certain necessary mechanical aids,c.g., The difficulty making oneself under- alterations to stood was obviated by the taking of Eng adding and calculating machines cannot lish and Chinese-speaking interpreters be made. The extent to which the use of from Yunnantu, and, as the tour pro these machines has grown at home is ex- It is doubtful whether gressed. Mosos or Lolos or Tibetans, who traordinary. spoke Chinese. The party lived in wind nowadays the working at the Bankers' and rain-proof tents, using fur bags to Clearing House could be performed with sleep in. The tents were kept warm by ont the use of these machines.

charcoal fires.

the life.

FAR EASTERN MEN AND THE WAR.

Mrs.. Andrews was a a source of intense interest everywhere they went, as she adopted man's style of dress, heavy knickerbockers, stockings, leggings, etc. She was the first white woman who bus been through the territory traversed, was

Captain B. Llewellyn Jones, 31.0, and thoroughly enjoyed gaz, coffee, tea, and a small quantity of ing August 12th." nevera. Such food essentials as our King's Royal Rifles, is reported miss "My method of torpedo-proofing shipe tinned goods were carried, but the party

2nd-Lient H. E. Hayward, formerly mostly lived on the game shot by them, is applicable to hulls of any form, and Game was plentiful. In the places along of Mesara. Lane, Crawford & Co., Shang- it is not necessary to alter the lines of the Tibetan frontier there were very few hai, is now an observation officer, the hull requisite for speed, or to increase Chinese, mostly aborigines, large, splen the beam or draft of the ship materially, didly made men and women, who proved if at all, for the purpose. The water cylinders of the barrier may be utilized to carry oil on the outward trip and be filled with water for the return voyage.

Although oil would not serve as water as an absorbent of the heat of the gases of the explosion, still oil could be made to serve the purpose by making the eylin. dera somewhat larger.

"An important advantage of my system of torpedo-proofing ships is that it may example, the freight and

very friendly.

Mr. A. A. Martin, late of Messre.

Matheson & Co., Ltd., who is in training, 3,000 20000GICAL SPECIMENS.

has had the misfortune to break his leg Leaving the Tibetan border a move was while undergoing a course of physical made towards the. Burma frontier. The drill, and is. in hospital at Colchester, party crossed the Yangtze at Chitien and travelled by Weihsiting, through unmap. Lieut. H. E. Middleton, of the Finance ped country, trapping and bunting until Department of the Municipal Council, is Talifu was reached. From Talifu the in hospital in London suffering from a journey led to Tengyuch, where they got wound to the left upper arm caused by their mail and learned that the United anme pieces of shell at Ypres on June 1st. States had brukeequently declared war. off relations with Ger

Owing to a nerve being divided he has

Thero are obviously different ways, Mr. he applied to ships already built. For was splendid shooting all the way completely lost the use of his hand and

passenger-ships

Maxim says, in which a water-barrier may be interposed. The simplest way taken from Germany could in a short time from Tengyueh to the Taiping River, and the doctors are doubtful as to its ultimate

a long caravan route to Bhamo.

recovery. In a letter to Shanghai, te would be to construct a plain, external be rendered torpedo-proof by my method. Three thousand zoological specimens mays: Naturally. I am frightfully an water wall. But such an arrangement bas and although their beam and displace the largest collection, Mr. Andrews says noved at being out of it all it is b several disadvantages, one of which is that ment would necessarily be somewhat in the wall, by backing up the vessel's outer creased, still their speed would not be ever obtained in China by one zoological the end of all my military hopes and expedition were obtained. The speci- ambitious, and has cost me my Captaingy skin, prevents its complete shattering and greatly reduced.. the consequent formation of spray. By It seems to me highly important that mens have been preserved in salt and and a Machine gun Company of my own, arsenic, and are being sent to America in both of which I had been recommended the employment of water cylinders the any torpedo-proof ship, or ship intended hermetically sealed ting. On reaching for and was only waiting for a vacancy. skin is more completely shattered, and the to resist torpedo attacks, should have a Bhano, Mr. Heller stopped to shoot, th gases carry with them a greater quantity speed greater than that of the German while Mr. and Mrs. Andrews went on to of water against the screens. He goes U-boats-at any rate, much greater than Rangoon They are going on to Calcue Heller will rejoin the party in India. their underwater speed, in order that a whore a short stay will be made, the Spaces are provided upward through U-boat might not be able to follow the museum of natural history visited, and The trip just Bnished is the forerunner. the ship's deck for the free escape of the ship and repeatedly torpedo it. The comparison made where possible. After Mr. Andrews said, of an extensive trin From a scientific standpoint if Of course, such openings will torpedo-proof ship would, of course, be this some sightseeing in India will to Tibet in another two or three years obviously be closed by suitable batches, armed with guns, which would render it be done and then they will go on to time.

Mr. is one of the most successful trips that which will be thrown open by the gas impracticable for a submarine to follow Colombo, Hongkong and home.

(Continued at foot of next rolumn.). Mr. Andrews, has mande. (Continued at foot of nest enlumn,) it except when submerged,"

on.