1917-06-30 — Page 2

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KONGKONG DAILY PRESS. SATURDAY, JUNE 80r 1917

CHEMISTRY AND THE WAR

{BY F. ROWLINSON. ||

{The studly of chemistry is so cisely found ap with succosse in industry, way, and the arreatment of discuse that is a, essektir. to a wealthy, healthy, and perful nation,

SIR WILLIAM RAMBAY.}

Much has been said about the lack of

intelligent appreciation on the part of our legislators, military authorities, and manufacturers of the supreme importance of scientific knowledge and method, Much more ruight be said; but this is not a time for recrimination rather in it un cepasion to indicate and to emphasise the muuífold activities of the trained chemist in connection with the war. Handicapped by the conservatism.

|

|

E

HONGKONG VOLUNTEERS

URDERS UY HAJOR D. MACDONALD, V.PA

JOINED

TOREE AND A HALF HOURS WAR NOTICE.

MR. GEBARD'S REVELATION FROM BERLIN,

2nd June, 1917, is allotted Corps No.At the dinner of the American News 2099, and posted to Scouts Company paper Publishers Association in honour P. R. E. Joseland joined the Corps on of the British ejor General Bridges,

26th June, 1917, is allotted Corps No. 2100, and posted to Scouts Company

No. 1881 Spr W. G. Lawson je granted

Mr. Gerard spoke of Germany's classic piece of hypocrisy in charging. Mr Wi]-- son with abruptness*** in breaking off

relations, and said that the nation Ger-

***'". U month's leave from 25th Jane, 1917. - many gave, diis Government of its inten- No 1032 Pte. E. W. L. Martin is granted tion to izroditec ruthless submarine ntro- 1 months' leave from 18th June, 1017, cities would not have allowed America STRENGTHL time cyon to pay for a drink The leave granted to No. 1945. PJ A pan, the Foreign Minister sente Martin having oxpired, he is removed for me. Which I came he read me a Note from the strength of the Corps dated 20 Gerning, That took half an hour. He 23rd June, 1917%AA

kthen declared that they would begin the submarine var at midnight-three and a half hours' notice.

have ver us so much the con- ATTACHED,

In metallurgy the influence of tho chemist is becoming more and more! marked. Iron" and steel, not to speak of the other metals, must be systematically tested at every stage of their manufactura in order to withstand the tremendou | Pie. Wy-Wolfers joined the Corps on strains put upon then, None but perfect materials can be used. This careful watching and testing requires this services of specially trained⠀⠀ metallurgical chemists; and, despite the utmost altaris in Krupp, Britain is in this respect to ho other country. An illustra ion suffices Of the many different leroscopie varieties and compounds Gisting in fron and steel, all, without defined by the metallurgiste of Sheffield exception, have been discovered and and our other great iron centres,thin the last few years acw steel been discovered, and these h what Bre practically new met do they excel ordinary steels, test between the projectile and armour Metallurgical chemists are now, giving their attention to electrical, methods of manufacture, Aluminium, is perhaps the Detail of duties at Lyeemun from 1st to best example of the successful application of electrolysis to metallurgy, Steel and in increasing quantities wherever elect

on of the finest quality are now rude sal power is dicap Electrion methods are firmly established for the manufacture of bleach, sode, enrurundum, neay electro-metallurgy other chemises and el bids fair to become one of the most important brunelles of electro cheniistry.

To multiply instances of the successful application of chemical technology to industries connected with the manu facture of munitions would be tedious, Sufficient has been said to indicate the dependent of the art of fighting on the science of chemistry. There are further applications, not so intimately connected with the war, but yet of great importance to the welfare of the nation. The extra- ordinary conditions imposed by the war have only emphasised a problem which would, sooner or later, have become in- In 1856 Sir William H. Perkin, nusistent that is, the probicin of our food- Englishman, then only a youth of supply. Chemistry has alrendy coine to eightien, patented a process for the

of our capitalists, impeded by the these alloys have been of grat, utility Section dated 28th June, Tur

estrangement between science and com- zueree, the chemical branch of technology has striven hard, and until recently vainly, for a recognition of its services to the country. The army, the my, the short on a debt of consideration to the civil population the whole nations in shertzea chod of the requisite know, ledge and creative skill successfully to combit a nation whose, undivided are tion has been given to the advancement of this branch of industrial science From coal, from oil, from cotton, from wood, the patient chemist extracts ma- terials which serve him as sources of the niedern explosives, of beautiful dyes, of delicate flavourings, and of pain-destroy, ing drugs to case the sick and the wounded. The Government has ho tome to recognise the absolute dependence of our military, naval, and ind strial resources upon the chemist, und now mors use of chemical advice is being made by them than has hitherto been conceived possible

duction of a mauve dye from aniline the aid of the agriculturist by endeavour This discovery was the foundation of one ing to supply artificially defects of the of the most famous industries of the world soil. Bacterial change of nitrogenous. the coal tar derivative industry, Year animal refuse into nitrates available for by year it has become more important and the delicate asimilation of the plant is lere profitable and the industry, a long and tedious process, fascinating founded by an Englishman, and first perhaps to the student, but wasteful in established in England, is now carried on slow natural fertilisation of the soil a the eyes of the busy farmer. For this principally in Germany. Our manu- facturers were too careless or short-sightedore ripid artificial one may be sub- Nitrates from Chile and sul even to trouble to maintain the start stituted. given to them a start in itself worth phate of ammonia from the gas and coke millions of pounds. Furthermore, Ger- industries supply the requisite nitrogen many, eager for war and spoiling for by tons. Phosphates, another necessity to

the

are supplied as basin slag, Plane, world power, seized upon, encouraged bone-meal, and superphosphate, Chemis and perfected an industry which was unique in being highly profitable in pacery has already done this much for our and of vital importance in tine of war Nitrates from South America are now a

food supply: but what of the future? Germany realised that the coal tar indus- bry is the basis of syndetic chemistry,proaching exhaustion; nmunonia will be

will and that the whole future of chemistys geref and starer is our coal-sup

comprised in synthesis Coal, heated plies give out. And yet the cry

all the time for more food! We have in a closed retort, yields gas, tar and around us in the air an inexhaustible

uke. Coke is used in

of tops in

in an

ENGINCET COMPANY,

|

No. 1503 P. A. B. Purves and No. 1:01

Pte Lambert are attached to Belchers FOILU'S WAY AND THE TOMBY'S.

- Major Ganeral Fridges, who delivered the principal speech of the evening, re ceived a tremendous ovation, the entire audience of 990 editors rising to its fest and cheering him thunderously when he quoted the old maxim; " When in do with the sound of the guns.

18th July 1917, is posted at Head

BELCHERS 6' SECTION

Detail of duties for July is posted on

the Notice Board at Headquarters.

PROMOTIONS, AND

To be Bombardier einted 28th June, 1917.

We love French soldiers, and I think the affection is mutual-widely different as we are in characteristics. Take an No 1913 Acting Bombardier H. Nattack The Frenchman goes forward Rouse To be Acting Bombardiers over the parapet shouting, Vive in dated 26th June, 1817, No. 1584 Gr. France" The British soldier's watch- A. H Carroll, No. 1260 Gr. N. L word us he fixes bayonet and goos forward Railton, No. 1039 Gr. H. Wilnau, No. is This way to the early door, Bit.

extra 1404 G. W. E. Douglas, No. 1944 Gr. C. C. Blark SERAS PARADES. Tuesday, 3rd July

7.10 cm. Scouts Company M, G.

Detachment at Headquarters. 7.30 m Belchers Section uf

Belchers Battery

5 pm Left Section 1.G. Co. and Civil Service Company at King's Park Range Annual Misketry Couree

GERMAN LIES AND SPIES IN SOUTHERN RUSSIA

"ABROPLANE"AND ROCKET, MISSIVES.

Tast month a mesange for publication reached the office of the Odessky: Lastok from Moscow to the following effect Get It has transpired that the committee. of miners has received a telegram stating that Miliakoff has". been killed and that the Allied nations demand the suppress sion of the committees of Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates.

5:10 pm. Artillery Battery (Range- takers only) at Belchers Battery. 6.30 p.m. Stretcher Bearer Section at

Headquarters

5.30 Recruit of all units at Hend

quarters under Corpis. Edgeymie; This telegram unfortunately, appeared. -Edmonds and Lee Cpl. Mendo in the afternoost edition of the Listok, but 5.46 p.m. Signalling Section, A the issue was soon withdrawn from air. and "B" classes, at Happy Valley, culution, as the message was evidently Wednesday, 4th July

of a provocative character, originating Co. at either from partisang of D. Lenin er from Annual the Germans,

6 p.m. Centre Section

King's Park

Musketry Course

The Germans are indefatigable in their 5.30 p.m. Right Section M.G. Co. efforts to confuse the public mind, and Scouts Co. at Headquarters already sufficiently bewildered by the under unit Commanders. Aiming, political developments of the Jast two

Thursday, 5th July:--

Instruction and Firing Instruction, months. While employing every artifce

to induce Russian goldiers to Fraternize 7.10 a.m. Scouts Co. M.G. Detachment at the front, they scutter leaflets by means

at Headquarters.

od of acroplanes and even of rockets, both 5 p.m. Left Sction M.G. Co, and at the front and in the rear announcing Civil Bar Co. at King's Park the outbreak of a counter-revolution în Range Aual Musketry Course Petrograd and the fall of the Provisional 5.30 pan. Minted Section of Jockey Government. I have had an opportunity Club Stab is, the Keays The Limite correspondente in the 5. P. Artillery Battery (Layers Balkan Peninsula) of inspecting some of and Sciters only) at Belchers Bat these missives, which possess certain in- tory.

ventive ingenuity ... but have so far failed Friday, 6th July :-----

to produce results commensurate with the 7.30 am. Belchers & Section at trouble expended on their circulation.

Belchers Battery:

5.00. p.m. Centre Section. M.G. Co.

nt King's Park Range, Annual Musketry Course,

HONGKONG RESERVES

530 p.m. Right Section M.G. Co. at ORDERS BY MAXIR WAKEMAN, 0.0., II.K.V.R.

Headquarters under unit: Com- mander. Ainting Instruction und Firing Instruction,

uktion with unetullurgien processes, stock of nitrogen, bu of how to make it particularly in the manufacture of iron wailable is being even now attacked, and steel. The distillation of the tar

and, in some extent, solved. Neralime, yields light and heavy oils.

The together with benzol extracted from the being made from the air. By passing air Balkstickstoff, and other fexsors are gas, form the foundations of the derive through a whirling electric are, a por tive industry The yield anthracene. tion, never exceeding a small percentage naphthalene, benzene, toluene, phenol, burns, forming nitric acid, which may de sources respectively of alizarin, synthetic indigo, the aniline dyes, and, of vital ulilised either for explosives or for agri- The process is com importance nowadays, the high explosivesltural purposes.

ing into use wherever water-power is From a dozen direct derivatives we get cheap and electricity may be generated Perhaps a hundred intermediate products.

at Tow tost. Norway, in particular, is the final manufactured articles there is.

no limit. As the outbreak of developing this process, which, although practically the war there were no less than one thou wasteful, has a very bright future. Once sand individual coal-tar colours, each of the air may be fixed in an economical given a method by which all the nitrogen. definite chemical compound and not a

minner, the food-supply of the world mixture. Of the fine chemicals: üsed in

Intensive photography and medicine there were need cause us little worry almost as many.

We have mentioned modes of cultivation will become general, toluene and phenol as examples of coal One uere will yield the produce of swo tor products used to make high explo or three as things are now. Completely sives..

By the notion of various acids synthetic plant-foods are an industrial upon these two, T.N.T and lyddite ability. Synthetic animal foods will Calves' milk artif respectively are made. Benzol, besides it not be far distant.

cially made was exhibited at the Inst use as a source of benzene and toluene Royal Agricultural Show, and found On duty sth July-Scouts Co. has become a formidable rival gas.

favonr. The future of chemistry cheaper substitute for petrol, and the is bound up in synthesis. When we can benzol industry in this country has increased at an incredible speed within the last few years. Ammonia salts are also coal distillation products indispens- able to alkuli manufacturers and to farmers.

t

.

reproduce in our laboratories the in- finite complexity of nature's products, chemistry will have achieved ifs airs,

5.30 pm. Recruits of all units on Murray Parade Ground under C.8.M. Witchell, Corpls. Edgcumbe and Edmonds and Lee Cpl. Meade, 5.30 pm. Signalling Section. “ P.”

class, at R. A. Theatre, 6:30 p.m. Artillery Battery (Gon numbers, others than specialists) at Belchers Battery.

DETAIL

Right Sec. MG Co. Beaute Co.

V9th

་་

10th

11th

*

12th

13th

Lith

Richt Sec. M. G. Ch. Scouts Co

Lieut. Kennett,

G, B, STEWAZY Capty

Adjutant, H.K.VO, Hongkong, 29th June, 1917

· DETAIL.

On duty from the morning of Sunday,

1st July, to the morning of Bunday, 8th July:-"' A". Coy. H.K. V.R. Orderly Officer-2nd Lieut. A. M. Thorn

shill, ROMEO Next for duty-H.KVC, PARADES FOR THE WEEK ENDING 7TH JULY. Monday, 2nd July --- Ca

Recruits on the Cricket Ground at 6.10 p.m. under Instructor Bergt. Oxberry Dress Drill order. Signalling Section: A and B " Classes at Volunteer Headquartere at 6.15 p.m.," and "C" Class at Volunteer Headquarters at 5:30 p.m. Dress Clean fatigue. Machine-gun. Section at Wellington Barracks at 5.15 p.m. Dress: Clean fatigue

Mounted Section at Polo Ground at

5,50 p.m. Dress Drill order. Tuesday, 3rd July

N

A and "B" Coys. on the road outside the Orderly Room at 5 p.m. Kowloon and Taikoo Sections on the Polo Ground at 5,15 pm. Dress Drill order. Wednesday, 4th July, nil

In the near future a trade war with our enemies will be waged. Let us examine Orderly Offeer from 8th to 14th July The raw materials for the production after war Britain has no equal in the

the

position and role of chemistry in this of propellants, a second class of explosives used in the war, are derived from the with "Sue chemicals she is at present

production of

heavy

chemicals, but soapworks, from cotton, and from wood.

terly behindhand. The prevailing Glycerine, cotton, and acetons (a dise tillation product of wood, as bentol is of shortage of drugs, organic acids and their salts, and coal-tar- derivatives indicates coal) are manufactured, under the super the extent to which we have been relying vision of the explosives chemist, into

LATEST RUSE OF U-BOATS, nitro-glycerine and gun-cotton, and finally upon enemy countries for such things. into gelignite, cordite, and dynamite I But stens are already being taken to pro-

Cases are hecoming more and more is terribly exacting work, this of the mote this most important branch of

chemical industry, so that at the end of frequent (says The Times Christiania movement, a carelees gesture even, and canal, terms. Simultaneously with the marines masquerade as fishing vessels, irreparable damage to life and property development of the synthetic products in Captain Falch, of the steawer Kony Inge, is wrought. It is no work for fools the dustry will come the growth of many de which was sunk in broad daylight, relates chemist takes his life into his hands when pendent industries, notably the contact that some fishing vessels came sailing. he investigates the mighty forces Intent process of sulphuric acid manufacture, towards him, one of them at a greater in materials of the most innocent nature. Glass, too, for ordinary, for chemical speed than the rest. Ar this fact appear Both disruptant and propellent explosives aro nitro compounds, and need for and for optical use has hitherto been ed to him suspicions, the Captain called chiefly a foreign industry. There is no his crew's attention to it. The suspicion their manufacture sulphuric and srids. This came acide an almo required reason why Britain should not produce was well founded. Immediately the first in the coal tar derivative industry. In glass quite equal to any foreign profaning sel approached the Kong Inge this fact lies at once the secret of Ger-duct, provided that the commercial enter

it began firing on the steamer, which, as has been said, way sunk many's preparedness for war and the priso and capital are forthcoming. After difficulty of successfully establishing the all the formule of Jenn and such glasseR German submarines, it appears, are also coal-tar dye industry in this country are now known to our chemists.

in the habit of sending up signals of dis until the end of the war. Thus Germany above, much experimental research will

In the trades and industries indicatedress in order to lure vessels to their doom will have ample opportunities for "dump. ing before we make our beisted efforte necessary and much money must be Steps must be taken to prevent this spent before we shall be as proficient as

dumping; but that is a matter for our out rivals. What is needed immediately this lack of encouragement is that the legislators rather than our chemiste, is more technical education, more sympa other two are not productive, a weck's, Thanks to the British navy, the beds of thy between capital and student. After a month's, or even a year's work in the Chile, the chief source of nitrates are some training at college and a technical case of the research chemist is perhaps

explosives chemist. A false step, a hasty the war we may hope to start upon mors Correspondent) in which German sub Thursday, 5th July

12

Signalling Section: The whole rec- tion will parade at Happy Valley for Station Work. Fall in at Monument at 5.30 p.m. Dress: Clean fatigue. Machine-gun Section at Wellington Barracks at 6:15 pm Dress 2 Clean.fatigung

Friday, 6th July:

Mounted Section at Polo Ground at 30 pm Dress Drill order.

Recruits on the Cricket Ground at ⠀⠀⠀ 6.15 p.m. under Instructor: Bergt.

Oxberry, Dicas Drill order. Saturday, 7th July, nil,

STRENGTH.

Pte. G. E. Goldsborough having joined is allotted Corps No. 657 and posted

to Coy. B" Platoon No. 3. Section

1.

TRANBIGH

Co. B, Platoon No. 5, Section 1- No. 619 Pls. R. Beid is transferred to

the Mounted Section,

NOTICE.

VISITORS TO CANTON LONDON BUYING AGENTS always open to us and closed to our university, the average student comes out represented by a few figures only The No. 559 Pte, H 1 Johnson is trans FLOROUSERS FOR ORE Hervices ɛna 4 bavim reperies; no shortage of nitric acid can into the world, and is given a situation manufacturing chemist can show for his ferred from the Mounted Section to

be feared. Thanks, too, to the flourish in some badly equipped works labora efforts a concrete and visible result. Lepote for British or Contimated goods ing alkali and heavy chemical indistries tory," usually a converted office or Hence only this branch gets the recogni. Emblinked in 1644, but thoroughly upto of the Widnes and Birmingham, districts, dissed outbuilding with purely make tion it deserves. The work of the analyil. darie, sur auocess is attained by making- Der entouren Intaram we shall always have abundance of mul shift annaratus. Here all ambition, alcal and research chemists must have popular. phuric acids Mention of the nikali originality, all inclination for research dignity added to it, und must be Industry, suggeel the utilisation of the are stifled under the humdrum monotony ly recognised as one of the profession vast chlorine industry dependent upon of routing work at forty shillings per When we have a better understanding tet

the salt deposite of Cheshire for the munus week Most works have a chefnist on between our capitalists, legislators, manu facture of asphyxisting gases for use a sufferance only: his work is unapareciat facturers, and students, together with a the front p

aded by, and therefore isen pas to, the de sprit of 06 operation between the works Having dealt at length upon the coal pertinetel managers the three chief and the university, we may hope to bring for industry and die bearing upon the branches of tidustrial chemistry, ansluta about the union of science and industry manfacture of explosives, we may now cal manufarbring, and research in The country will then be prepared and consider the application of chemical, the sound je remonised and paid in a ready for corobat against all comers, be knowledge to the manufacture of other fitting manner. The principal reason for the military foes, trade rivals, or dead-

Ay diocana Chambers's stoarnali munjtions of WAY.

(Contidued at foot iɗf next column.).

With Illustrations, Maps and Flags.

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On Bale at kơng 14 DAILY-PRESS Office.

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En. 1844

Orderly Officers are responsible for guard reports being properis ülled in by the N.C.06. in charge of Guards. It

· is important that the regimental numbers; and initials of each man should be clearly stated in guard re- “ports.

18d) C CHAMFKIN, Capt... Adjutant EVE Hongkong 29th Jun 1917,