NOW IN PREPARATION.
THE DIRECTORY AND CHRONICLE
FOR
1917.
COREA,
CHINA, JAPAN, INDO - CHINA, SIAM, STRAITS SETTLEMENTS, MALAY, STATES, NETHERLANDS INDIA, PHILIP- PINES, BORNEO, Ero.
FIFTY-FIFTH ANNUAL ISSUE.
The Complier invite the European residents in the Far East who appreciate the advantage of having at their disposal a thoroughly complete and trustworthy work of reference to coöperste with tham by returning of once the forms' send out for revision, and by furnishing, also, the names of any European frms which have magnetly been established in their widet or any that have cessed to exiak.
Those advertises, also, who have not pel Home in their revised annotationmenta For the 1917 imao of the volume are saked to do so without further delay,
[In thấu why the useful of the will be Directory and Chronicle " Inaveed and in early isane feflitated.
The Directories and Descripilots are of :----
Poking,” Bouchow, Cantón.
Krentsin. Pettaibo. Manking. Chinwangten. Wuho.
Kawkinng. Samahui.
Chiakiang. Whimpos.
Kowloon. Lappies
Kongmoon. Antung. Bankow
Nanning. Mocturian Foshow.
Trado Ctres,, Bhianat, Wushowtu.
KwaligebauwIS, Chungking. Pakkek
Newchang: chang
Daioh
Port Arthur. Haagshow. Holbow
Ningpo. Langsbow,
Winchow. Mingthe
Santu.
Chafoo.
Wälkktire.
MADANÍA.
Shanghai. Ainoy.
Hokow
Foochow Brezno.
Kirin
Swatów. Lungbow
Lungohingehun.
ippo.
Byogu Kobe.
Teakyneh Changohan. Hundur.
JAYAN AND FORMĪBA,
Deaks.
Resona Tainants.
Takore. Nagsenkt. Hakoda Anping
Maisonali. Tamsi.
dooni.
BASTERN GIBBRIA.
Vladivostock.
Cheisulpo. Kaneko,
Katoen
Wonden. Mokpë; ** Кол.
Chinasampo.
Pingng. Bongshim.
"HosoLOKO 'Aito tys Duraxomeonet, Manır.
ABBAS. Eué.
fourane. Saigon. Cambodge.
Katphong. Tamis Provinsen. Qurinhon:
Manila,
Parak
PHILÁCTEAM,
Liqua.
BORNE.
Brunei.
Zabuso British North Bornes.
BAXGROC.
Maxat Egitto.
Belangor
Pahang. Kedah Trengganu. Perlis.
Negri Sembilan. Johore. Kelantan.
Singapore, Penang, Malsson, Prov. Wellaulay.
BETALTE SurtiMMMNES,
NETHERLANDS INDE.
org.
Samarang. Padang. Sourabaya. Massacsz
Fast Ceart of Sumatra.
OFFICERS OF Osset and RiYER ŚPIANIES.
The Book is printed from New Typi specially reserved for the purpose, and
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, JANUARY 16TH, 1917.
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DOORS OPEN TO NEUTRALE. UNFOUNDED AMERICAN FEARS
BY JAMES KEELEY, EDITOR OF THE
"HERALI,"
"CHICAGO
Before I left Chicago I was asked by a number of leading business men to make an investigation as to the business conditions that would obtain between America and the Allies, particularly England, after war is over.
In the last week I have put that ques tion to four, members of the British Government, to some of England's lead ing bankers, and to financial men with tremendous interests in America, to three oditore of London daily newspapers, to the presiding genius of the best-known weekly journal in England, to at least fifty business mon whose spheres of activity are circumscribed only by the ropulated areas of the earth, to various minor officials connected with the Govern ment departments directly concerned-in fact, to every man with whom I have come in contact since early last Monday morning-and I have worked steadily us an interrogation point from that moment antil now, and the only answer I have received is: Who knows what is going to happen after the war is over? We are as much in the dark as to that as we are as to the date of the end of the war."
Then I ask question No. 2:-
Did the Paris Conference mean that a trade war will follow pence in which the hands of the Allies will be raised not only against enemies, but all other com- America being mercial competitors, singled out for special attention in this
direction?
EMPHATIC OFFICIAL VIEW,
At this distance, and with only meagre cable reports before me, I cannot pretend to judge the justness or unjustness of the ution of the Reserve Board. But, az a reporter, it is my duty to let the readers of the Herald know the feeling that exista here..
THE PROPOSED EMBARGO.
The possibility of a food embargo by the United States is not regarded seriously.
It
is admitted that ENTI embargo might prove embarrassing in time, but it is not thought possible that America would take such action,
Not wheat, be said. You have no surplus, We are not buying any from
you
1
But, said I, in the event of an embargo and in the event of a surplus next year how would you regard an embargo
I cannot give his answer, but a fair inference is that such notion on the part of Amerion, no matter how just it might be from the American point of view, would not be forgotten when the war was over and trade relations came up for discussion...
always stood adamant against interfer|THE once with Free Trade, have split, and 20 per. cont, of the Labour members of Partia ment are in favour of a radical depar ture.
NEW IDEALS IN BRITISH BUSINESS.
reaches.
|
STABILITY OF GREAT
BRITAIN.
NO ROOM FOR ANXIETY.
DO YOUTHS
My judgment of the business problems besetting sin, nationally and in- that will confront America is more than dividually, is the taking of narrow views, I revert to the banker quoted on the confrmed by the 10 weeks' investigation or the failure to grasp the broad sig currences. All capable of taking a broad Reserve Board action. Our conversation conducted by Mr. William Hard, the nificance or influence of incidentul oc drified into the various attempts in well-known American magazine writer. America to impose an embargo on the He is at work on a series of articles for How should, when possible, lift the vision export of munitions and the possibility the Metropolitan Magazine of New of the people from their narrow outlook, of an attempt to revive the project as York, and yesterday kindly gave me and Dr. Dugald Clerk did useful service part of a plan to end the war.
Royal Society of Arts, he declt widely I wonder (said the banker) if they of the conclusions he has when, in his address as chairman of the advocates of that plan ever considered The general conclusion I have come to with the stability of Great Britain. The (said Mr. Hard) is that this war, in the subject covers practically the whole field of thought and action. It raises the ques- the possibility that the parchasera of ammunition would have refused payment long run, is going to send Great Britain
up, and is going to send it up very fast tion of our financial solvency in the and very far and not down at all-as face of the immense and Increasing if the contracts had not been fulfilled,
it with the effect on the banks which had
a competitor of the United States for burdens imposed upon us by the war. lent money and the attendant train of bankruptcy,, ruin, and unemployment trade in South America and everywhere embraces the entire scope of future trade else throughout the world. Before this that would follow in its wake,
war wo had two big competitors Great relations, not only from the imperial It concerns the efficiency of productive Britain and Germany: Germany was a but from the international standpoint. now fire, blazing all over. Great Britain was an old fire, with cooling embers in methods, and particularly the relation of it and streaks of ashes. This war ie employer to worker. It encompasses the ...making Great Britain into a new fire, whole field of applied and pure scientifia knowledge, art and literature, in their 1 discussed this subject last evening too. with a Minister and he was curious to see new American machines all over relation to the well-being of the nation. for know exactly what foodstuffs would: by Great Britain, and I also so something So far as to financial condition was con-
a great deal more important than now cerned, Dr. Clerk saw prohibited.
American machines, and that is new Anie anxiety. He established that our annual rican ideas ideas about the lay-bat of income per head of the population Low the machines in a factory-room, and ideas averages £54, né compared with £ in about using unskilled labour efficiently the case of Germany, while our annual by planning all the work out beforehand savings, which before the war were 350 in the brains of a staff of specialiste millions sterling, increased in 1918 to ideas, in short, of scientific management. eo millions sterling, and will probably I have met young engineers in Scottish come up to 1,000 millions sterling in the shipyards who were filled to the teeth current year. Our external investments with the writings of Frederick Taylor are 4,000 millions sterling four times and of Harrington Emerson and of all those of Germany and the utilization of our other important American efficiency the profits from these in paying for war engineers, and they were building war- ships at a speed that would make Jose and other supplies from neutral coun phus Daniels (United States Secretary of trica without affecting exchange, and the the Navy) say. It can't be done." At maintenance inviolate of our foreig the end of this war the British will still capital, apart altogether from the con- have all their own old ideas, which, after tinuance of import and export trade, are all, made London the world's biggest busi- important, results of the work of cur What the state of the business worldness centre; and then, in addition, they nevy.
PRINCIPLES OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE will have our American ideas as well.
As regards future commercial relation will be when the rivers of blood have been
We are importing cash from them. They dammed no one will hazard a conerete prophecy. There are optimists and are importing brains from us. An Ame-ships. Dr. Clerk very properly insisted One man sees a financial ricas business man, who is in business on the view that the idea of a self-con- pessimists. debûrle, with all nations, belligerents in England as well as in the United tained nation was unattainable if such a and noutrals alike, bearing equal shares States, said to me the other day When nation was to prosper. He elaborated the of the burden. Others, and here again this thing is over, these people are going principles of foreign exchange, which aro I may quote Mr. Lloyd George, see no to have what they have never had before not sufficiently understood by the general possibility of disaster," for we have the numerous race of expert business public, pointing out that what
nation required 's not money but mate- land, the soures of everything, and with managers of the reientific sort." that there can be no real or lasting But that is only one part of the story. rial things and services. All that tho The British are also going to have a comancial bystem does is to make possible trouble for any, nation."
As matters stand, America will have bination of science and of capital and an exchange of those goods and services
of government and of labour that we have no official burdles placed in her way in battle for trade when peace resumes sway. never had. The British Government is within the country and in the external new in business on its own account on World. To give an example the 32 But the business racn of the United States
is mostly used by the Canadian people might as well realize at once and make large scale. It is not merely an ad-millions sterling a year going to Canada all necessary preparations for abarperviser to business, like our Government.
The British Government is now itself a for the purpose of buying goods from the That country may in competition with England. There is a new and more alert hand at the indus business concern, with railways and coal United States. trial lever, there is a keener brain direct mines and large numbers of factories and turn use the money so placed to its credit At the India, silk from Japan, coffee from ing production. Sloth or what has been shipyards under its own control. It has in London for the purchase of tea from regarded as such in mill and factory has learned business at first hand. disappeared. The English manufacturer end of the war, it will sit at the head of Brazil, French works of art, etc. Ulti- and workman have been sharpened on the the council table to decide the future of mately our credit to Canada is supplied They have a cut-British business at large, and it will sit by exports to those countries wtero German grindstore
there with real knowledge.
We expect an suemy to try and starve us out (said another man), but for a friend to do so would hurt. A nation will forgive and forget many things, but starvation is hard to efface from the
Mr. Lloyd George epitomized the official point of view when he said to me
Such an idea never entered anybody's miad. It is absurd. The idea that Great Britain could live without America, that Great Britain with its sea-bound positionincmory, and its configuration of coasts could lock its back and front door is the notion of
manias. Neither Mr. Runciman, Mr. McKenna, nor Viscount Grey would talk for pub lication, but I am violating no confidence when I say they share Mr. Lloyd George's viewa. It was pointed ont that the Paris Conference deliberations were aimed only at Germany, Mr. Asquith has made one official statement on the subject. He
oid:-
It is suggested in neutral countries that we Allies have a sinister design, after the war is over, to combine against them and to build up an impenetrable stone walf against their trade. That is a childish fiction, for, if it were true, it would mesa that we are..ane sud all bent on economic suicide. When the time for peace comes nothing will be more essential to the Allies from the standpoint of simple self-interest than to establish and maintain the best industrial and financial relations with the neutry Powers.
ting edge, and English trade will follow the English tag and invade other landly with a vigour that is going to shock and surprise commercial competitors.
#
British goods are needed. In other
媳 And Labour will sit there, 100,
words, imports are as necessary as ex-
sense in which it has never sat thereports, the one paying for the other. It
PROSPERITY AND EFFICIENCY.
As far as it is possible to judge from the various and extended conversations I have had, I think it fair to assume (if one may speculate on a future problem
before. The Government has given its based on conditions that may change at
can export most can import most. Con any moment) that there is absolutely no And in this campaign the British busi-word to labour that working conditions follows, however, that the country which disposition here to take action of any nese man is going to have the whole in British factories after the war will be sequently the prosperity of a nation, kind against American business or com-hearted support even to the violation of put back to just where they were, from both collectively and individually, in dependent upon the volume and output merce when the European slaughter pen Britain's rock ribbed policy Free Trade the standpoint of labour, before the war. is closed. I have heard nothing, read of the Government. Mr. Runciman has But everybody, including the labour of her trade and the securing of markets
leaders, knows that this is impossible. nothing, seen nothing that gives the said that the Goverment fully appre
You can't take all these hundreds of for their productions. faintest support to the theory that ciates the importance of preserving and ex- because America has kept out of the tending British trade in neutral markets, thousands of new labour-saving machines Therefore some bloody struggle, because all the gold of particularly with reference to certain and throw them away.
I follows, therefore, that prosperity the world is flowing westward, there will important branches of British industry new deal has to be made. The pledge to
Mr. McKenna, in ad- labour has to be redeemed, but it has to depends on efficiency in manufacture, be organized effort to punish us in the after the war. world's market.
dressing business men a short time ago, be redeemed in a different way. Labour alike in the applicances available and in declared:-
cannot be given the thing it was promis their utilization Labour thinks often FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD'S ACTION.
We have already shown that we areed. It has to be given something else that it does not get its adequate reward, Many of my interviews took place in the early part of the wook before the prepared to give the assistance of the That is, labour has to be admitted to the There can be no doubt that the limitation of council table and some kind of bargain of output is largely a result of the Government to the development Federal Reserve took its sensations. foreign trade in order to ensure that has to be driven with it, bringing it into workers' suspicion that the employer or action in advising American banks, in the interest of liquidity of assets,, against those rivals who are now our bitter harmony with Great Britain's new na his representative will reduce total eart This simplyings, when he considers these too large, the purchase of Allied paper. Within enemies shall not have control of the tional efficiency purposes.
The means that the mass of the people, for by lessening the piece-work rate. the first time in suy country, will send tendency should rather be to offer every the last 48 hours there has developed, to foreign trade which they have enjoyed in put it mildly, a critical tone, and the the past.
At the meeting the following was their representatives to national confer- inducement to the worker to earn the comment of some papers is extremely
ences, the purpose of which will be to largest sums per week, provided the price bitter. One member of the Board is the adopted:
That this association is of opinion that, unite the Government sad the capitalists of each article is a fair one, which can subject of suspicion.
bo borne by the selling prices available. Bluntly speaking (said a banker) this with this object of maintaining and in- and the new race of expert scientific busi- action is in effect a suggestion to Americreasing our trade after the conclusion of mess managers and the leaders of the can business men not to sell their goods the war, it is desirable that provision trade unions in a national scheme for This latter can the more effectively be national prosperity and nationis trade achieved if the appliances are of the most efficient character. Dr. Clerk en to us and our Allies because our credit should be made:- is not good. It is a perfectly unjustified (a)--For preferential reciprocal trad-progress at home and abroad.
No such combination of national forces tered into a consideration of the census attack on the financial standing of ing relations beween all parts of the Bri-
tish Empire;
is in prospect in the United States. The of production taken in 1907, showing greatest lesson I can see over here is that that in manufactures the total earnings these European belligerent countries, of industry per head per annum were unless we act, and act quickly, will be£102, froin which there had to be met, nos ahead of us, instead of behind us, innly the wage of the worker, but the organized industrial strength organized remuneration for capital, the accumula nationally.
solvent nations.
Another man, who because of his public position could not permit the use of his
nas, went even further:
(b)-For reciprocal trading relations between the British Empire and the Allied countries;
(c)-For the favourable treatment of neutral countries; and is()-For restricting by tariffs and otherwise trade relations with all enemy countries, so as to render dumping and return to pre-war conditions impossible, and for stimulating the development of home manufactures and the consequent increased employment of native labour.
It is an actual embargo (said he). Call it what you will, that's what it is
The feeling in England, however, mild compared with the emotions aroused in France.
To France America has poured out her heart, ber sympathy, and her charity Young America had down for her and has fought her battles in the sky. Our doctors have toiled day and
PROTECTIVE TARIFES. night saving life and limb, Dr. Carrel
These resolutions, of course, do not re- from his wonderful store of knowledge and skill has developed a wonderful life present the considered opinion of Eag saving, limb-preserving method of treat land, and no such radical departure from ing wounds. American lads have driven precedent can come without an expres- ambalances over roads sprinkled with sion of favourable opinion by the elec sudden death. American nurses have torate. But they represent a tendency tended the sick and comforted the dying, and a growing one. Free Trade is not American love, American sympathy, going to be abandoned, but it is a safe American charity have done a noble part assumption that a protective tariff in in ministering to its stricken fellow some form or other is going to be a part Republic. Knowing these things, France of England's future & cal policy. Whe cannot understand-in fact is stunned by ther there will be graded tariffs, as sug -the Betion of the Federal Reserve Board gested in the foregg resolution, or I met in London to day a French whether duties will be put on only to new industries, official with whom I had several pleasant shepherd and foster visits in Paris. Then our conversation the future will reveal. One new trade in was of American generosity, of American certain to secure this adventitious aid, aid. To-day-well, listen to what he the dye industry. By Government sub said:-
vention the British two years ago started to make dyes. The new concern is suc cessful, and is to-day anacuncing the manufacture of blue dye, which German
In my opinion, concludes Mr. Keeley, American business conditions after the war will rest solely in American hands,
- NORWEGIAN EXPORTS TO
GERMANY
tion of funds for the extension of works and the development of new inventions or industries by experiment and research. If wages are to be increased, and if there is to be development in science and in its application to industry, the volume of output, and therefore its value, must bo increased. In America tho output per worker per ammnia is quits 14 times what it is in Great Britain; in Germany it is- considerably less. Earnings are fairly **REPORTED AGREEMENT.
proportionate in the respective countries to the output. An increase of the output According to the Weser Zeitung, the Norwegian Government has consented to in this country to the extent of 50 per allow an increased export of foodstuffa cent. by greater utilization of automatic to Germany. A Central: Import Associa machinery would produce a great im- tion, with a capital of £50,000, is already provement in our prosperity as a whole, established in Christiania with two Ger- without increasing the working hours, it "It would tend to raise earnings and in- man and one Norwegian director,
Our future:: will," says the Weser Zeitung," organize crcase purchasing power. the import of ses fish into Germany on stability, therefore, will be greatly a large scale." It is noteworthy that increased by great sympathy between recent German trade mark registers show employer and employed, and a fuller the registration of a number of new realization of their mutual obligations German arms in Scandinavia for the and their duty to themselves and to the supply of tinned fish.
Why is your nation doing this thing to my nation? Why this assault on a democracy fighting for its life and for democracy by the greatest democracy chemists said would take 10 years to correspondent) with general satisfaction.
ZEPPELIN-DESTROYER.
The prospect of a settlement of the State. German Norwegian submarine conflict is noted as Stockholm (says The Times The German contention that the Nor-
A new weapon has been found for the It is not wegian regulation regarding submarines. to be acceptable must be modified so as destruction of Zeppelins. more closely to resemble the Swedish exactly a new weapon, but an improve regulations in considered a diplomatic ment on an old one. It has been tested. artifice to cover Germany's retreat, as the and has given extraordinarily good probibition orders of the two countries results. Naturally nothing can be said are pracically identical. The contention about the nature of this new instrument. that the Norwegian measures were, in It is one to be employed by an acroplane view of the time when they were adopted. Aviators are confident that, supplied directed specially against Germany, and with this new weapon, they are certain therefore constituted an unfriendly act, to bring down a Zeppelin whenever they has been anewered by a reference to meet it. Thus any position can be.
the world We are shedding our blood make, and promises shortly to put other freely, copiously, and at this critical important colours on the market. This moment in the struggle you in effect English dye industry is not expected for refuse to sell us the things we need to years after the war ends to be able to preserve our existence and our very life. compete with German dyes. So it is no When England was trying to oppress secret that a protective tarift will be im you with the aid of hired Hessians the posed on some German dyes until such peasants of France came to your assist time as English dye manufacturers feel ance. They fought with you, for you. able to compete on equal terms.
The helping hand held out to dye- and died for you. Today in our hour of SE, PILDIL: BEND STAMP ADBLLERS
stress it is unkind, unjust, ungrateful makers, will not be withheld from other for you to help the descendants of these businesses in a similar state of develop Hessians to impose the same military ment. A curious fact about the growth tyranny on us from which we helped you of tariff reform, as they call it over here, special circumstances which necessitated guarded by an aeroplane with this now. to escape. France cannot understand it is the fact that the trade unions, who the order,
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THERAPION
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