1917-01-05 — Page 7

GREECE AND

PROTECTORS.

FER

TREATY RIGHTS OF THE ALLIES.

FIRST INTERVENTION."

[ROM & CORRESPONDENT TO "THE TIMER.''}

It has been very commonly suggested by Gorman agencies and insinuated in the neutral Press that the action of the Entente Powers in Greece is a violation of Greek, neutrality, to a certain extent Analogous with the German invasion of Belgium. No one acquainted with the Mistory of modern Europe could possibly be deceived by the comparison: but

knowledge of modern history.still seems to be a privilege, confined to the low it may be worth while to give a short in dication of the treaties by which Eng land, France, and Russia are constituted "Protecting Powers" of Grecce.

พ

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, JANUARY (588. 100

SIKH LOYALTY.

GERMANY'S HAND IN THE SEDITION MOVEMENT. BECRUITS. FROM HONGKONG AND

SHANGHAI.

A CITIZEN. ARMY FROM WITHIN.

FOWER AND SACRIFICE.

LORD WIMBORNE ON THE IRISH

SETTLEMENT. -

The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland und Mr. Massey, Prime Minister of New Zcaloush, were the principal acts of the Lord Mayor of Dublin at a dinner în the Mansion House recently.

II.- EASE AND UNCONCERN. [BROM A CORRESPONDENT TO THE TIMES."') Nothing which is common is set upon A correspondent of the Associated a pedestal, and courage in our Armies

Lord Wimborne, replying to the toast Press (New York) in a dispatch from is common to every soldier. Some men Simla reports an interview he had with are by nature Braver than others, but all,"

O'Dwyer, Lieutenant with exceptions so rare as to emphasize of his health, said that only the nation's war, Ireland was far from haring. Sir Michael Governor of the Punjab, respecting the the universality, are brave to a degree maximus effort could expect to win the war. Their impediment was political. conspiracy to rais a revolt in that which would be remarkable in any con-

It was to be found in the adherence to: province against the British. The conditions, but which, when their years of contributed her whole strength to the spiracy had its main centres in Sau placid civilian life and military career Francisco and Vancouver, a seditionist are considered, ie marvellous-and, as

to a propensity to accord precedence to 1 named Hardial being the real brains of the writer attempted to show in a pre- rival and conflicting political ideals and vious article, they are unconscious of the movement.

Hordial, who is now believed to be in it. It is, in fact, unworthy of remark them over the task of winning the war Germany, is a man of great intellectual among the men of the trenches except as itself. They were told on the one hand : attainments and a brilliant speaker. He subject for jocularity, from which no-- First put Home Rule into operation, was educated at Oxford as a State thing ever escapes. Men laugh at every- and then you will Bad that she response The Entente diplomatists have them scholar by the Government of India. Hething, in a spirit which proves not only to the military requirements will not be selves been content, at any rate in their ran from the United States when pro their complete healthiness of mind, but withheld." On the other hand, they were: publicatione, to defend their actions by cendings had been taken against him as also their complete acceptance of the told," First respect the party truce and a simple atatement of the fact that they an anarchist und went to Germany. extraordinary daily life under fire as the adhere to the Act of Union, and let The previous article dealt with this this British connection, bear her common fanded on Greek territory on the natural Hardial made a speech in May, 1914, in normal mode of paming their existencn. Ireland, which enjoys the advantage of assumption that Greece would reapest the the United States in which he said that. obligations of her treaty with Serbit (An Germany was getting ready for war with spirit in the abstract; the present airs share in the Imperial hurden of the war," and are would go nationality, prosperity, Em- assumption, it may be noted, which was England. This utterance of Hardial in- at giving a few concrete instances which Both those doctrines sullered from the universal in Greece itself until the un-dientes he knew Germany's plang some have come within the range of the vice of inversion. If we lost the war, all Let us give pire itself. In view of is he suggested happy moment when King Constantine months before war was declared. We writer's intervened by rejecting the advice of M. have no doubt of German connection with in no way exceptional. Venizelos), and, the landing once effected, the conspiracy to cause a revolution in an example of it first among officers, who that the order of unr going should be

accommodate ourselves to the situation as that they wore justified in, taking any India, but it is circumstantial evidence are refusers of heroics equally with the first, take what steps are necessary to

British fame of mind. of this kind upon which we must depend rank and file; it is not a class, but a win the war, and let us so mutually to render that paramount object possible, reasonable measures necessary to secure

to establish the fact.

of realization. the safety of their forces in Greek terri tory. That in itself is a Perfectly good and equitable claim; but law before equity, and it must not be forgot ten that the three Powers have a perfectly Rood caso in international law to justify their intervention in the internal affairs of the Greek kingdom.

comes

own

experience

AN INTERRUPTED LECTURE,

13

All told, about 5,000 or 6,000 Indians

On the eve of going into action on the were recruited on the Pacific Coast and

Somme a certain brigadier gathered all at Shanghai and Hongkong, and these men eventually reached India a eon- siderable time after the war had begun. his officers together and addressed them The early effort of the conspirators generally upon the task immediately be failed, but in Decemben, 1914, revulu-fore them. In Prussia they would pre-paralysing effects of her present condi- It began with the Greek War of Inde. tionists from Bengal came north and sumably all have stood to attention in an tion. Might he say,

.. GREEK INDEPENDENCE.

:

assumed the direction of affairs. A When, aftor their first Buc pendence. cesses, the leaders of the Greek Revolu bomb factory was established at Jhabe tion wore being slowly defeated by a prowal, and other steps were taken to fur- cess of attrition, England, France, and ther an outbreak. Russia wore the only Powers who refused. to remain neutral while the Greek people was being extinguished once for all by Turkish barbarism; and it was England (through Canning) who initiated the negotiations which led to their interven tion (Protocol signed by Wellington and Nesselrode at St. Petersburg on April 4th, 1826). The three Powers shared, be tween them the business of checking the Turkish forces. At Navarino on October 20th, 1827 they destroyed the Turkish Fleet, and in the following year the French General Maison cleared the re- maining Turkish garrisons out of the Morea. By the treaty of July 6th, 1827 (London), they had already decided to demand an immediate armistice between Greece and Turkey and to give tributary mitonomy to the new Greek State, whose boundaries they fixed by the Protocol of London, March 22nd, 1820. But after the Russian advance on Adrianople and the treaty there imposed on the Turks it was England who decided that Greece should be completely independent. This decision, together with somewhat modi fied boundaries, was embodied by the three Powers in the Protocol of London, February 3rd, 1830.

the young

The recent negotiations for a settlement indicated to what extent responsible men

tion and extricate Ireland from the on both sides, much to their credit, were.

Cease not to prepared to take risks to devise a solu

guarantee the development of the full strive for such an agreement as will strength of the country "1 "A grave re sponsibility rested on those who failed to facilitate the task. He had not been in Ireland so long without being saturated with a knowledge of the divergent opinions which prevailed, but he would not abandon the belief that divergence would fuse in the crucible of a common

the solution of the Irish problem could danger and a common cause. He did not shirk cooperation, but as things were best be effected by Irishmen themselves, attempt at settlement, and had no cute He had nothing to do with the late and dried proposal of his own, but in his indgment any practical settlement be- tween the two parties must proceed upen

If power, and common obligation. the simultaneous application of their principles-equal sacrifice, equal political agreement were reached to-day it would be the making of Ireland, for the op- portunity was priceless.

ZEPPELINS DESTROYED.

· TWELVE IN EIGHT MONTHS. Below is a list of the German aircraft

Sea destroyed during 1016 February 3rd-10 wrecked in the North

French near Brabant-le-Roi, February 21st-L77 shot down by the Eastorn counties; sank at mouth of the Thames, April 1st.-L15 shot down while raiding

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office throughout the address; not being the day being warm and the grass soft, in Prussia, but only on the way there, the officers sat around the speaker and listened informally in a pleasant meadow Headquarters for the rebels were estab round the edges of which were certain lished at Amritsar and Lahore, and it bivouaca. In the midst of the address was decided that on February 21st, 1915, some of them were cheered to observe a a general rising should be attempted. cow quietly and slyly masticating a map Messengers were sent to several canton which it had withdrawn from a bivonno. ments to announce to the Indian troops For a few ingments they doted the meat the coming revolt. The revolutionists with a gratification enhanced by the Probably: had, however, overlooked the vigilance owner's oblivion to the destruction of his of the police and the hostility of the property; then, a kindler spirit pre- people towards their movement. The railing, they nudged him. rebels became suspicious and antedated Prussianism would have demanded a the time of the rising to February 19th stoical indifference, but but this, too, became known to the autho-British officer scrambled to his feet rities, and when the leaders assembled in quietly with a profane and hasty word and stole away to his bivouac, whereupon Lahow they were surrounded in a bomb factory and arrested. Thus the outbreak the cow, dropping the map it had already in Lahore never took place, and as the reduced to pulp, seized another and signal was not given in that city the made off, pursued by the angry owner. Had one of the several German offers other proposed risings collapsed.

After stating the result of the trial of then engaged in maintaining their dig the men arrested, chiefly returned Sikh nity in the great core cage not 300 Out of the 190,000 Indian troops re-the ribald remarks of the officers as the emigrants, Sir Michael O'Dwyer added yards away been privileged to overhear eruited for the British Army since the party at last broke up he would have war began, the Punjab, though its po- drawn, with the aubtle and wholly pulation is only one-twelfth that of the fallacious paychology of his race, com Indian Empire, has furnished 50 per forting inferences as to the prospects of cent,, and of these one-third are Sikhs, the coming action; a brigade the officers the serious disciplinariana In this Protocol, drawn up by the though they form only one-tenth of the of which showed such a bins to frivolity Plenipotentiaries of Great

Britain, population of the Punjab, Thus the mis-in face of death surely stood no chance France, and Hussia in conference at the deeds of a few thousands of the com- against Foreign Office, it was determined that:munity, so far from affecting the tradi-guarding the approach to Bapaume, yet "Greece shall form an independent tional loyalty of the Sikhs, has only the brigadier had no season. a few days on deaf ears, and the disciplinarians State, and shall enjoy all the rights, stimulated the Sikh nation to greater later to feel that his words had fallen

were a little nearer their Fatherland. political, administrative, and commer service.-Reuter.

What is an enemy to do with a race May 3rd.--L20 wrecked near_Stavanger. May 4th.-L7 destroyed by British war cial, attached to complete independence'

that will not take even this war ser-

ships off Schlawig.

shot down (Art. I.)."

iously, that at all times, even the grima 5th. Zeppelin mest, is looking out for, and finding, opportunities for jest? In a certain sector of the front there was reason to anticipate the blowing up of a German mine, and counter-measures were being energetically taken by members of the monly known as "those beastly sappers. corps elites otherwise and more con Nowa doctor wanted to improve his dressing station; labour was plentiful, first, he undertook to procure the second. timber was scarce; he was promised the Along the muddy eart-track which led past his dressing station, and towards the dump" behind the front line,

station. It was a temporary station or noise

the purposes of the single nation, and com- came in the darkness with a

vious to shell-fire; it was, in fact, merely of honor at Brussels, Belgium.

Nothing in history has evor approached to which perhaps 500 yards away, not more) a

FOOD already shattered house

the marvellous success of this new treat pletely, indifferent (the Germans were had, therefore, not been rendered imper been awarded a gold medal and diploma supply of timber for the sappers, chance He went, and as he sat "buzzing too heaven-sent to be missed up rose shell struck the upper part of the house,ment, which, according to report, has topics and ineffective medicines for deliver. after an interesting skate dance, came to that doctor, and in tones of authority passed through without exploding, and, made more thin folks plump than all the

For the sappers **What 1

Oh, no rest in the road not many yards away, fifty years.

There's a reason. Plump, well formed made the driver halt and

There it remained, and there the operator

The writer averheard his men and women assimilate what they "buzzed." there's some mistake; this load's for me."

This new discovery sums to supply the He was so confident that the driver was

he had been under fire, and he found it

one thing the thin folks lack, that is the shaken, and was just about to unload account afterwards: it was the first time cat. Thin, scrawny ones do not. when an officer of the sappers apout full of interest; he had picked up a

power to assimilate food. on the scene.

trophy to send home to his wife, and was simply beaming as be related how he had kept an eye on the "dud" all day. At the close of the action an officer in timated a desire that it should be re moved; " I didn't offer to do it," naively ended the little man amidst the laughter and chaif of his frien da.

TO NORWAY.

Art III. declares that the Sovereign PRICE OF GERMAN CONCESSION Princo shall not be chosen from, the reign. ing families of the three protecting Powers, who are there defined as the signatories of the treaty of July 8th, 1827--the three Powers, that is, who first took united action to deliver the infant State from the throes of the rebellion.

Art. VIII, stipulates that "cach of the three Courts shall retain the power

of guaranteeing the responsibilities

they then assumed

The Frankfurter Zeitung learns from Berlin that an agreement with Norway on the submarine question is possible, Germany making concessions in the way Further, in the course of of additional security of the crews of ships sunk. conversations Norway has shown willing ness to modify her restrictions on the of fish, preserves, and iron export Two years Inter, after an interval of pyrites, the latter especially having been

the subject of German complaint. hopeless civil war in Greece under the presidency of Capodistria, the three Powers by the treaty of May 7th, 1832, offered the Crown of Greece to Prince Otho of Bavaria By that breaty (Con-election was legally embodied in a treaty vention between Great Britain, France between the three Protecting Powers and and Russia and Bavaria relative to the the King of Denmark signed at London, Sovereignty of Greece, signed at London, July 13th, 1863. May 7th, 1832) the Sovereignty of Creces is explicitly placed under the guar- antece of the three Courts" (Art. IV.), which are duly authorized for this pur- pose by the Greck nation" Art. I.).

PIXDISCITE ron A KING.

By 1843 the Bavarian autocracy of Otho had definitely failed. A National Assembly was convened on November 20th, and on March 30th, 1844. King Otho

A National Assembly, which included representatives of the Greek colonies abroad, wet at Athens in December, 1869.

that

every one

seemed

"

Balonika.

September 3rd-Lat brought down in Bames, by Lieutenant. Robinson, V.C., at Cuffley. down in Essex, one in tames, the September 24th-132 and 33 brought

other almost intact.

October 1st.-L31 brought down in flames,

at Potter's Bar.

in flames at sea off the North-East and: East Coast. November 28th. Two aircraft destroyed

31

NOTHING IS MORE EMBARRASSING THAN EXTREME THINNESS.

It is the plump, well-developed man

socially. who cuts the melons" and had the fun Scrawny, skinny people are seldom popular. We all admiro fine figures.

form.

dressmaker can hide a bony, skinny

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QUEEN'S DISPENSARY, THE EDWARD Dispensary,

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The preamble to this treaty declares Russia that England, France, and

being anxious to smooth the difficulties which have occurred in the Kingdom of Greene, placed under their common guar- antee, have judged it necessary to come to an understanding with regard to the arrangements to be taken in order to give

"He was very rude effect to the wish of the Greek nation.

Article I. similarly refers to the fact that the hereditary sovereignty of Greece it," murmured the doctor in regretful took the oath to the first Constitution,. is offered to Prince George by The Na- conclusion, and I got nothing." Hope which was drawn up ander the diploma- tional Asserably of Greece in the name less, exults the German, must an Army Arlielo III. be in which such a spirit can thrive and tic guidance of England, and imposed of the Hellenic nation."

under "Greece

the vet to his confusion it is not hopeless, only by the pressure of the British Minis declares

Sir B. Lyons, on the unwilling sovereignty of Prince William of Den-but pressing irresistibly on to victory.

So much for the officers. The men are sircles of the Court. Otho's continued if sover he was then known), and the

oven better or worse; they will not be

This is no exceptional instance, it is well-meaning attempts to disregard this guarantee of the three Courts, formis a Constitution, which he had promised to monarch independent, and constitu- impressed, no matter how fariously Frits

may rage; they will even cheer him on to and can be paralleled, or bettered by observe, led to his deposition in 1862.

tional State

There is something about them The Protecting Powers now took the only By Article X, the three Powers actually further efforts, and the writer once found every officer who has been with men under: remaining means of restoring order and undertake to provide his new Majesty's a whole platoon roaring with laughter fire.

flattening themselves pocket money, each of them abandoning as they played hide and seek with which defies analysis; they will see a joke Constitutional Government.

everywhere; it is not merely that they in his favour a sum of £1,000 a year from whizzbangs,"

In some cases this interest due to them from the Greek against the parapet and even digging are unafraid, but that for the most part Treasury these three sumes, forming each other out with broad grins. Incer they have no consciousness of anything NEVER TOO LATE TO CURE a total of £12,000 annually, destined to rigible, almost incredible and yet by un But the actual voting for the new

If you are suffering now from the grip- imagination, as in the case of the sentry's Sovereign took place not in the Assembly, constitute a personal dotating of his means a solitary example: the difficulty attitude may be due simply to lack of excessive zeal in protecting his periscope, which led to the official order that in ping, twitching pains of neuralgia-it but by a democratic plébiscite of all Majesty the King in addition to the to choose from the abundance. Grecks at home and abroad-a fact which Civil List fixed by the law of the State.". It is perhaps worthy of note that by should be remembered as tending to

Of the failure of office life to affect the that brigade, at any rate, heads were to you suffered yesterday and expect to In be regarded as of more value than peri-suffer to-morrow yes, if you're suffered establish the right of the Grecks of the the Protocol of a conference held at the Diaspors to intervene in questions con Foreign Office on August 3rd of the same nerves let another story speak.

certain signal section a little robin of a scope but this is an exception, though all your life from the agonies of cerning the authority of the Crown, a year

hy the Congress

His Majesty King George I wishing man lives and has his being; he is mil fairly frequent one. The attitude of neuralgia, rheumatism, sciption, back-

the moment, to take life as it is the time-to-day to buy a bottle of right explicitly

LITTLE'S ORIENTAL BALM,

Paris at the

of this year. It in Grecte, and to identify himself as more years inside the walls of the Post to live

Truth lay in the in- your friends forever against external will be remembered that in 1863 the much as possible with his adopted coun- Office than most soldiers can boast at all comes: if it hrings shells, mud, and dis.

One application relieves imme Greeks voted with extraordinary enthu-try, thinks it proper to declare to the For over 20 years he lived a life of en comfort, well, whoever heard of trenches And insure yourself, your family, and siasm for the English Prince Alfred (a Protecting Powers of Greece that he tirely regular, and uneventful routine. where it didn't!

to remark in a particularly bad part of hand. became a signaller and continued to brather of Edward VII.), who received desires henceforward to take the title of The war came, and the telegraphist dignant mind of a servant who was heard aches and paing. Rub it on with your

King of the Hellenes.' ahundred times as many votes as any

This new title was recognized by Eng-buzz" mrisages of orders as placidly the line when his officer had commented distely a few more and you're enred other candidate. He was eventually dis-

And During & certain battle this 'e sea to me; why ain't there any eggs? it's never too late to begin. oualified by the Protecting Powers underland and France on the same date, and as he had sent messages of business and unfavourably on the breakfast: Eggs. You are lucky to learn to day--though

Thinks 'e's in a bloomin' otel Article III of the Protocol of February by Russia in a further Protocol signed pleasure: 3rd. 1820.. But it was England who at the Foreign Oflice on October 13th. It little man who had hitherto been em- ndertook to find a substitute in Prince seems, therefore, that the King of the ployed well behind the line, was picked nearly always someone can be found who an important advanced signal you have" and there's the humquy of

it. George of Denmark, a choice immediately Hellenes, ou his own admission, cannot as one of the most efficient operators to has put himself to a greater mès than

(Continued at foot of neat Column) adopted by the National Assembly. His even change his title without the con i serve

(Continued at joot of next column.) sent of the three Protecting Powers.

THE CASE OF A TELEGRAPHIST.

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