THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS. WEDNESDAY. JANUARY 3RD. 1917.
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SELF-COLOURED
GERMAN LEVÉE EN MASSE.
TEXT OF THE BILL.
SCHEME EXPLAINED.
The text of the Patriotic Auxiliary Service" Bill, which was presented to the Reichstag at the end of November, consists of four clauses, and runs follows:-
1. Every male German, from tho.com- pletion of his seventeenth to the comple tion of his sixtieth year, is, in so far as he has not been summoned to service with the armed forces, liable to patriotic auxiliary service during the period of
the war.
family circumstances, place of residence, health, and previous occupation of the
nab liable for service."
THE WAR.
(Continued from page 5.)
General.
EARLIER CABLES. THROUGH REUTER'S AGENOT.}
Clause 5 provides that nobody shall employ a workmun who is engaged, or who has during the preceding fortnight been engaged, in any of the specified kinds of Patriotic Auxiliary Service." inlces the man produces a certiscnte that he has left his work with the con- sent of his employer. Provision is made PEACE MANOEUVRES. against unjust refusal on the part of employers to grant such certificates.
Clause & provides that information as to employment and labour questions, and as to wage and other conditions, shall be given by public advertisement or by way of reply to direct inquiries to the War Office or the various committers.
THE ALLIES' REPLY. GERMANY'S EMPTY AND IN- SINCERE" SCHEME EXPOSED.
THE WRITING ON THE WALL."
LONDON, January, 1st.
The newspapers utter a chorus of ap- proval at the Allics' Note, which finally clears the air." It creates the best of impressions, on all the Allies, especially France nad Italy, where it is regarded as the writing on the wall, removing the last doubt that the Allies are determined to end Germany's treacherous methods. BAVARIAN BOUNCE.
AMSTERDAM, January 1st.
Army The King of Bavaria in an Order, says that if the enemy refuses the proferred hand, we will enformo peace upon him.'"
AMERICANS STAGGERED.
LONDON, December 31st.
New You, January 1st. The Allies' reply to the German Peace
The Allies' reply has staggered Ameri- cana, whom German propagandists had Note, the first part of which was publish- ed on Saturday morning, goes on to say led to believe that the nations of tho that the Note does not consider the facts, Entente were struggling among them.
selves to secure peace at any price. Tho most dates and figures establishing that the reply will undoubtedly have a war was desired, provoked and declared healthy effect in America
Count Bernstorff maintains a brave by Germany and Austrin. To reply face and insists that the peace proposals. will be successful, but the belief is grow- recalls that it was the German delegate ating that his optimism is due to an ex- peetation that Germany will quickly climb down and reveal peace terms..
Thero little indication how Germany. has received the Note, but telegrama speak of the growth of a feverish anxiety to know the Allies' intentions,
2. Patriotic Auxiliary Service consists, apart from service in Government offices
WORKING OF THE SCHEME. and official institutions, in particular in Thus the outlines of the scheme are service in war industry, in agriculture, plain. The definition of official work or in the nursing of the sick, and in organi- work of importance" is to be settled zations of every kind of an economic in general by agreement between the character connected with the war, as well military and civil authorities, and in as in other undertakings which are im- particular by committees with an official mediately or indirectly of importance for majority and with a military representa purposes of the conduct of the war ortive in the chair. The conscription of the provision of the requirements of the individuals and the distribution of work is to be settled by local committees of people.
The control of the Patriotic Auxiliary four, twe of the four members being
the Hague Conference who refused all Service belongs to the War Office (Krieg officials, and one of these officials being nemf) set up in the Prussian Ministry a military representative with a casting proposals for disarmament, that Austrin of War.
vote. It is laid down as a general rule
refused the satisfaction which Serbia that the abilities and circumstances of offered, and that subsequently Britain the individual conscript are to be con- sidered. On the other hand, there are suggested & conference, France an Inter- national Commission, the Taur asked no fixed provision, as to wages or con- the Kaiser to go to arbitration, and, ditions of labour, and these matters are Russia and Austria actually came to an left to be settled in practice by the autho-understanding on the eve of the conflict; "but to all these efforts Germany gave rities. One of the most important features of all is the provision in Clause III. of neither answer nor effect, Belgium was the Bill that the provisions for the carry-invaded by an Empire which had gua ing out of the measure are left to the ranteed her neutrality, and had the assurance to proclaim that Treaties were Federal Council. The explanatory state-
necessity ment appended to the Bill says:--
scraps of paper, and that knows no law.
3. The Federal Council issues the pro- visions required for the carrying out of this law. The Federal Council can make contraventions of the law punishable by imprisonment for not more than one year and by fines to the amount of not more than £500 or by one of these penalties or by arrest
4. The law enters into force on the day of its proclamation. The Federal Douncil decides the date at which it ocuses to be in force.
MILITARY CONTROL OF COMMITTEES,
"Only the Federal Council can issue The "rules" appended to the Bill are the necessary regulations, because the end- in many ways more important than the lessig, manifold and constantly changing Bill itself, and, according to the anecnditions to which the Bill must apply nouncements in the Press, care has been can be met only by movable regulations, taken to make it impossible for the Reich easily capable of alteration, and not by
rigid statutory prescription." stag to tamper with them.
Clause of the six clauses of the "rules" repeats the categories of war work mentioned in the Bill, and adds:
that the persona engaged in such work will be regarded as engaged in "Patriotic Ausiliary Service in so far as the number of these persons does not exceed the requirements.
As regards the exclusion of women, the explanatory statement says:--
APPEALS TO PATRIOTISM.
special
The explanatory statement also contains the following general observations of interest :--
If perce
The reply proceeds to point out that these sham peace offers rest on the European war map alone, which repre- sents only a superficial and passing strength of the belligerents. phase of the situation and not the real were concluded on these terms, the only advantage would be to the aggressors, who, after imagining that they would teach their goal in two months, dis attainable. covered that after two years it was never
Regarding the future, the reply de clares that the innumerable enemy out rages against belligerents and neutrals demand penalties, reparation and gua- rantees, of which Germany avoids mep- These overtures are really no- tion. thing more than a calculated attempt to influence the future course of the war and finally to impose a German peace. dissension among the Allies and in order The German Note was also sent to create
and her Allies, who were all severely to stiffen the public opinion of Germany
WAR AND SENTIMENT.
Roms, January, 1st. The Tribuna hopes that the sending of
cannot be influenced by sentiment, as the Notes will now be ended. The Germans are still athirst for blood and gold.
war
DISTINGUISHED SERVICE
· PROMOTIONS,
SIR DOUGLAS HAIG FIELD MARSHAL
LONDON, Desember Blat. The Gazette gives a list of promotions for distinguished services in the field, including Sir Douglas Huig, to be Field Lieut. General Rawlinson,. General Major-Generals H. Horne, G. Mor
Milne, the Earl of Cavan, Sir L. Kiggeil 8. Gough, Lieut-Generala; and Sir General Smuts. Hon. Lieutenant-General.
MORE V.Cs.
EXAMPLE, VALOUR, AND RESOLU- TION,
It seems possible to do without the establishment of an equal compulsion for women, because it is considered that it will be possible without a stimulus, to provide in abundant measure the labour of German women which has Clause 2 then explains that the ques-proved itself so well in the war." tions whether the numbers employed ex- poeds requirements and what are "official institutions" will be decided by the or "in dinary Civil Bervice authorities
The agreement with the War Office." question whether a particular profession or business is" of importance," and the FANCY SILKTIES further question whether the number of persons employed in such profession or business "exceeds requirements" arc to Dort of its Allies. In order to make tried by their losses, worn out coono-William Bloomfeld, Scouts Corps, South, be seitled by committees established in victory sure, it is desirable to place the mically, and crushed by the supreme African Mounted Brigade; and on Lieut. cach recruiting district. The most im- USUAL PRICE 95c. EACH. portant point about these committees is that there will, in every case, be an official majority. Each committee will consist of & military officer as president,
Sale
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of two senior State officials," one of whom must be a factory inspector, and one representative of the employers and one representative of the employed. In Pruesia the presiding officer will be ap each.inted by the War Office. In Bavaria, Saxony, and Wurtemberg respectively the presiding officer will be appointed by the Ministry of War. It is incidentally remarked that in other respects also the law will be carried out in Bavaria, Saxony, and Wurtemberg by the Minis tries of War of those States in agrce- ment with the Prussian War Office." An additional member of each committee will be appointed by the local adminis trative authority. Where naval inter- ests are effected, a naval officer will have the right to be heard.
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"Notwithstanding all the successes already won, the German, people must still hold firm against the storm of a world of enemies, relying singly and alone upon its own strength and the sup
strength of the whole people at the service of the Fatherland.
them.
LONDON, Desember 21st. The Gazette mentions that the Victoria Cross has been conferred on Captain
Eugene Bennett, of the Worcestershire Regiment.
Mr. Bennett, when the first line
effort imposed upon
Another object was to deceive and intimidate neutrals, and, finally, to justify a new series of crimes in submarine warfare, enlistment of the inhabitants against mander and to heavy losses, advanced at deportations of forced labour, the forced wavered, owing to the death of its cone their own countries, and violations of the head of the second wave and, by his Fully conscious of the personal example, valour and resolution, its requirements, the Alliesmen. Although isolated be immediately scious of the moment, and equally con reached his objective, with one tour were closely united to one another and consolidated his force under a heavy in perfect sympathy with their peoples flanking fire and, though wounded, he in refusing to consider a proposal which continued to direct and control, and to
Once again, the Allies declare that no was empty and insincere. peace is possible so long as they have not secured reparation for violated rights and liberties, the recognition of the existence of emall States. So far they principle of nationalities, and the free have not brought about a settlement calculated to end once and for all the forces which constituted a perpetual
menace to the nations, and to afford the
set an example of cheerfulness and resolu tion. There is little doubt that, but for his personat courage, the attack would have been checked at the outset.
only effective guarantees for the future in security of the word's peace.
The Home Army can still be increased considerably, and hitherto war work has lacked the rigid uniformity and regulas tion which can alone raise achievement to the maximum, and which alone can neutrality. guarantee complete success. The object gravity of the establishment, by the Emperor's Cabinet Order of November 1st, of the War Office is to embrace the whole popu- lation which has not been drawn into army service, and to make appropriate use of this population for the great pur- pose of defending the Fatherland.... He who is capable of any work has in this great and grievous time no further right to be idle. Thus far every man who is not called to the coloure is free to choose whether, to what extent, and in what way, he shall employ his power of work, in ao far as he is not bound by official obligations or contracts. This mast henceforward no longer be the case to the same extent in the people's Appeals will go before a central com-
war which we are fighting. At home as raittee, set up by the War Office and
well as in the field every German man consisting of two officers of the War must give his whole strength at the point Office, one of whom will preside, two where, the according to his physical and officials nominated by the Imperial intellectual qualifications, he can render Government, and one official nominated the Fatherland the best service. In decid. by the State oncerned in the casting what work can be continued at all Appeals may be made by employers, by during the period of the war and what employed, or by the president of the work shall be done by individual persons local committee.
the only decisive consideration must be Clause 3 covers the method of conscrip- whether and to what extent a man's work
It is provided that people who is of use for the purposes of the conduct by thousands, and reducing them to come under the law can be called up at of the war and of the provision for the any time. "As a rule," there will, in
needs of the people, which closely the first place, be a call for volunteers If this call is not answered" in sufficient connected with the conduct of the war.
"In such fashion it will be possible to measure," a written call will be issued increase, in accordance with requirements, by a committee consisting of an officer the capacity of the branches of business. 28 presiilent and with a casting vote, and the establishments which are pecu senior official,
representative of liarly important for the conduct of the employers and a representative of em-war and for war economy, and yet at ployed. Every man who receives a the same time to free for military service The Allies' reply to the German Peace written call must seek work in one of the various categories of work designated in the Bill. If he does not actually enter upon Euch work within a fortnight of receiving the written call, be will be allotted work by the Committee last men. tioned.
tion.
Alluding to Belgium's trial for two- and-a-half years, the reply says that this injustice has been cruelly aggravated by the proceedings of the occupying forces which have exhausted the resources of the country, rained the industries, devastated towns and villages, and bern responsible for numerous massacres, executions and imprisonments. At this very moment, while Germany is pro- claiming peace and humanity to the world, she is deporting Belgian citizens
slavery.
The reply concludes by dwelling on the enormity of Germany's offence against Belgium.
PRESS COMMENTS.
ASTINGING EXPOSURE."
the
PROHIBITION IN NEW-
FOUNDLAND.
LONDON, January 1st. Absolute Prohibition is being enforced
Newfoundland from to-day.
BRITISH REVENUE.
A QUARTER'S GROWTH.
LONDON, December 31st. The revenue for the quarter ended December 31st amounted to £129,217,712, as compared with £64,300,510 in 1915 This figure includes £48,443,000 received from the Excess Profits Duty.
JAIL-BIRD ARMY.
GERMANY RECRUITING
CRIMINALS.
LONDON, December 31st.. Germany has begun recruiting from the jails, excluding only the habitual criminals.
CORONATION IN HUNGARY,
ANCIENT POMP AND SÓLEMNITIES.
LONDON, December 31st. a larger number of suitable persons. Note, which was published in the late Both at home and in the occupied ter-editions of the morning papers, is ritories it will be possible at many points hailed as a stinging exposure of Ger
Lounay, December 31st. to substitute men liable for auxiliary many's rather obvious "war manœuvre,
and also na showing to Germany and service for men
liable for military the world that the Allies, despite "the of Hungary was accomplished at Buda The coronation of the King and Queen gervico.
European war map" are fully conscious pest with ancient poup and solemnities. 'As in service with the Army, so ic this whole proceeding, no respect must be enemy's inherent weakness.
of their growing strength and
· PICTURESQUE CEREMONY. paid to social disinctions. For the service of the Fatherland, of whatever
AMSTERDAM, December 31st. of an appeal will not justify any post-kind it may be, there can be only citizens,
A Budapest telegram states that ab ponement of the obligation to begin work.
not ranks and classes,
ceived at the Cathedral by the Cardinal, the coronation their Majesties were re- Clause 4 providea that “respect is to be paid as far as possible to the age,
Primate and clergy, and conducted to the Loretto Chapel, where the King was robed in a mantle mud girded with the sword of St. Stephen. He then proceed-
Appeals against the findings of these Committees can be made to the military authority of the district, but the laying
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· FRENCH VIEWS.
Panre, December 31st The newspapers describe the reply as "When such an appeal is made for based on consistent arguments and in a general participation in the service for sober tone, it is, therefore, telling. the conduct of the war, it may be ex They point out that the Allies cate pected that wide circles of the peoplegorical refusal to parley is clearly ex- will not desire to be backward in love pressed, permitting of no misrepresented to the High Altar, where he
of country and cheerful sacrifice, as com- tation. pared with those who voluntarily flocked to the colours immediately after the out- break of war. Beyond doubt many of them at present lack only a suitable opportunity to perform voluntary auxi- liary service. If this home service is re gulated in a determined and appropriate fashion, assuredly so many people will gladly take their place in the ranks that compulsien, although it is impossible to
GERMAN OPINION.
WASHINGTON, December 31st.
The German Embassy unofficially ex" presses the opinion that the reply leaves loophole for Germany to submit specific terms,
ANOTHER AMERICAN NOTE.
WASHINGTON, December 31st.
do without it as a last resource, will President Wilson has sent a second
be necessary only in comparatively rare Note, which has not yet been presented, to the belligerents. It is explanatory of
cases.
The provision in the Bill that the the first, Federal Council must bus left to decide NO SUPPORT, FROM SPAIN.
64.73
for which, at longest, the Bill has a meaning."-Times.
how long it shall remain in force is ex-
MADRID, December 31st plained by the remark that "it is impos
Spain has declined to support Pre- sible to judge the duration of the Asident Wilson's Note, thinking that it
is premature and useless,
was
enthroned . amidst the Barons of the Empire. Afterwards there was a celebra- ̄ tion of High Mass.
Count Tisza crowned the Ring, who afterwards took the oath in the great | square in front of the cathedral in the presence of the people. He then proceed- ed to the coronation mound and waved the sword of St. Stephen to the four quarters of the Empire, symbolising his guardianship thereof.
OBITUARY.
MR, FENWICK HARRISON.
LONDON, January 1st. The death is announced of Mr. Thomas Fenwick Harrison, a retired Liverpool merchant,
No comments yet.
Private notes are available after approval.