1916-11-29 — Page 6

SMOKEL

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 29TH, 1916

OUT THE WORLD

TRINITY COLLEGE(right) and BANK OF IRELAND CLD PARLIAMENT HOUSE(27

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[38

TEN MONTHS IN GERMANY. leave Berlin by the car licet morning train maidservant has gone off to a munition

THE COMING WINTER. MEAT AND OTHER FOOD FACTS,

GLASS HATRED.

[BED. THOMAH CURTIN.] Mr. Curtin's tenth article is devoted to the food question in Gormany, and is further demonstration of the grow ing effectiveness of the Allied blockade nood for even groster and the stringeucy. The system of rationing is examined, and it is shown how its defects are emphasized by the selfish refusal of the dunker class to bear their Mr. Curtin's share of privations. articles will appear twice or thrice weekly.

There is only one way, to find out the truth about the distress in Germany, and that is to go there and travel as widely as possible--preferably on foot,

No neutral can write the truth in Germany. The truth must be memorized

and carried across the frontier in the brain, for the searching process excaus to the very skin of the traveller. If he has an unbrella or stick, it is likely to be broken for examination. The heels are taken from his boots, test they may conceal writings. This does not happen in very case, but it takes place in many

chaps.

The average visitor to Germany, and there is still a great deal of coming and going between the United States, Sweden, Holland, Denmark, Norway, and Spain is carefully shepherded by the Govern ment from the canent he arrives in the

for some distant town, walk about, and return at night. This spared mo the necessity of having my identity book marked. On other occasions I went for long tours, so that my information is not derived merely from Berlin and district, but from almost every part of the, ¡country.

FOOD RESERVES.

factory, has to spend at least half hor day waiting in a long line for potatoes butter, or meat.

or

BAD RATIONING.

There is a curious belief here said in the United States in the perfection of German organization. My experience of their organization is that it is absolutely. marvellous when there are no nex- pected difficulties in the way. When the Gormans first put the nation on rations First and foremost in the welfare of

to certain commodities, the outside What wonderful the people, whatever may be said by the world said, “Ah, tay are beginning to vegetarians, is the vital question of the stacve! meat supply Involved in the question organizers!" of cattle is milk, leather, other products, and, of course, meat itself.

It seems to be understood here that one,

As a inatter of fact, they were not though by no means all, of the reasons beginning to starve, and they were not of the tremendous thrust at Boumania wonderful organizers. The rationing was

One

done about as badly as it could be done.. is the need for food and oil, German statistician told me he believed it was arranged in such a fashion as to that the conquest of Roumania would add produce plenty in some places and dearth between nine and ten months to Cer- many's capacity to hold out, during which in others. It was done so that wealthy time, no doubt, one or other of the Allies men made fortunes and poor men were made still poorer. The inordinate greed would succumb. Be this R it may,

and lack of real patriotism on the part in great of influential parties in both Gerrisay Roumania contains grain quantities. Much of it has been paid for any Austria-Hungary have added to the in cash by England, the Germans aver

As if to mako bad state of affairs. At the moment the actual number of matters worse, the whole vast machine of cattle in Germany does not seem to rationing by ticket was based on the

one would

expectation of a comparatively quick and so greatly depreciated as expect. After a very thorough investiga decisive victory for Germany. This led tion I am convinced that there are into reckless consumption and a grens riso Germany to-day from three-fourths to in prices. The fight that is now going on four-fifths as many head of cattle as there between the masses in the towns and the wealthy land-owning farmers has been

were before the war.

new.

In the spring and summer of this year

Batocki (pronounced Batotski) who, in these cattle did very well, but with the denounced in public by food dictator passing of the grazing season

the selfish landed proprietor, who would difficulties are arising. Cattle must be words almost of despair, complained of fed, and unless sufficient grain comes from Rouamnia to supply the bread for only disgorge to the suffering millions in the people and the feed for the cattle it the great manufactoring centres at a price is obvious that there must be a wholesale greatly exceeding that fixed by the food slaughtering, and consequent reduction of milk, butter, and cheese...

authorities.

All manner of earnest public men are endeavouring to cope with the coming better than quote from an interview distress, and at this point I can do no Social me by Dr. Südėkum, To add to the shortage, the present given stock of cattle in Germany was being Democratic member of the Reichstag for largely drawn upon when I left for the Nuremberg, Bavaria. Ho is a sincero supply of the Gerican armies in the patriot, and a foremost worker in food occuped parts of France. Belgium, and organization. The use of his name hero Russia, and the winter prospect for is no betrayal of confidence, as I filed Germany, therefore, is one of obviously the interview with the Wilbelm Strasso increased privation. provided always for use in American papers, and they

Iwith me subject to strict censorship, may I say it again, that the blockade is allowed me to bring it out of Germany drastic..

country till he leaves.

Until the last few weeks artificial were maintained at the appearances

A neutral 1 All these details may seem tiresome, hotels and in the trains. met in the streets yesterday, with whombat they directly concern the length of 1 had formed a slight acquaintance in the war. Berlin, told me that during the last fort- night the food stringency has grown more severe. Many readers of these lines will know the Hotel Adlon, which is the Ritz My neutrai or Claridge's of Berlin. friend spent his last night in Germany at that palatial hostelry as recently as Jast week. For breakfast he was only able to get imitation coffee, served with condensed milk and saccharine, dry war brend, and Swiss cheese of the kind you eal Gruyère. He was told that sardines or smoked salmon could be fetched.

TIGHTEN: THE BLOCKADE

10 desire to "Far be it from me exaggerate in any way the state of affairs in Germany which has been persistently misunderstood by many of your news On the papers for nearly two years. other hand, a revelation of what I believe to be the exact state of affairs should help the Allies and the Government, to realize the great value of the utmost pressure of the blockade.

A

Cattle are, of course, not the only foul Venison is a supply. There is game, much commoner food in Germany than with you, especially now, are of it left. Hares, rabbits, partridges are in some parts of Germany much more numerous even than in England. A friend of mine recently arrivo Hungary told me that he had been pre sent at a shoot over driven partridges at which, on three successive days, over 400 brace fell to the guns. Wherever went in Germany, however, game was being netted..

FIGS.

Before the war pork, ham, and bacanthat the war might be her

More than a year ago," he explained, "I worked out a plan for the distribu tion of food, which provided for uniform food-cards throughout the entire emple For example, everyone, whether he in a Bavarian village or in a Prussian meat a week. I presented my plan to city, would receive, say, half a pound of the Government, with whose approval it met. Nevertheless, they did not see fit In the to adopt it for three reasons. first place because they believed that the people night become unnecessarily alarmed. Secondly, because our enemies might make capital out of such measures. because our leaders at that time were the most popular German food, but before the end of 1915. owing to the Government mistake of But the war dragged on, and we were killing pigs in what I heard called the somewhat extravagant with our supplies

pork

remarkable shortage of their cards in February, 1815-and instead of favourite meat. I belive that they have the whole Eripire husbanding the dis- only one-fourth as many pigs as they had tribution of ment, for example, various sertions here and there introduced purely before the war.

The Berlin stockyards slaughtered over local measures, with the inevitable resull- 26,000 pigs weekly before August, 1914. During the first 10 months of the war theing confusion. figure actunily rose to 50,000 pigs per week in that one city alone. Tu one week in September last the figure had fallen to 350 pigs

showed me the quays. There were not facing Pavic" the Germanis are today 1 except bread, for which we introduced

I contend that, despite the great vigilance you are now displaying, the blockade is continually evaded. neutral and pro-Ally resident of a certain Fort in Germany, with whom I discussed these things, took me for a walk and hundreds, but thousands of barrels of fat It almost makes me weep," he said, "to know that every one of these barrels lengthens the war and destroys the lives of gallant soldiers and their officers," and apart from the public evasions of the blockade, is the secret snuggling difficult to deal with

In an interesting conversation I have had since I arrived in England, with one

The great slanghter early in the war of your Government officials, I came to the conclusion that the cocoa and cho gave a false optimism not only to Ger colate question is not understood here.mans, but also to visitors. If you have Chocolate is a most essential food to the curiosity to look back at newspapers of that time you will find that the great Germany to-day. The Germans had only lately begun to become tea drinkers; plenty of pork was dilated upon by therefore they do not miss tea. They, and travelling neutrals, more especially the Austrians, have always been large consumers of coffee, but the present coffee, whether it be made of burnt acorn or hurnt malt, or whether it be almost wholly chicory, is so unpleasant as to become nauscating after a for weeks. In its stead the Germans take cocoa or chocolate in liquid form, There is a certain amount of fat in cherolate or cocoa, as will be noticed if you allow it to cool in the cup and watching part the clergy have taken in fanning the formation of a film of oil For that the hatred they consider necessary to regson also, various forms of the produce successful war I shall be able to show of the cocoa plant are practically indis- that their unpublished utterances are on the food problem much truer indices of pensable in Germany nowadays.

conditions than newspaper articles

When I wrote the other day that every bar of chocolate entering the country prolongs the war, I did so with know- ledge gained by my personal necessities.

DOSING THE NEUTRALS.

In Germany, as it is no longer possible to conceal the actual state of affairs from any but highly placed and carefully 99 attended neutrals travelling therein, the utmost pains are being taken to mislead the outside world. The unfortunate American and other correspondents interned in Berlin for the duration of the war are not allowed to send anything the Government does not wish to get out They are, moreover, regularly dosed with propaganda diatributed by the Nachrichtendienst (l'ublicity Service of the Foreign Off).

To-day the most tremendous efforts are being made to increase the number of pigs. You will not find much about this in the German newspapers in fact what the German newspapers do not print is often more important than what they do print. In the rural districts you can learn much more of Germany's food secrets than in the newspapers.

When I came to deal with the astound

BLOWK.

or

In one small village which I went to counted no fewer than 30 public notices on various topies Hore is one: --

VATTEN P103

Fat is an essential for sol- diers and hard workers Not to keep and fatten pigs

if you are able to do

so is treason de the Fatherland.

No pen empty-every pen full. Others deal with the great gold hunt, of which I shall tell.

GLASS HATEKO,

These food notices may be necessary, but they are bringing about intense class hatred in Germany. They are directed at the small farmer, who in many cases has killed all his pigs and, most of his cows, because of bis difficulty in getting fodder. The great agrarian junkers, the wealthy landowners of Prussia, have in many cases more cows, more pigs, more poultry than before the war,

STEW CANNONS.

Hunger has been a cause of revolu tion in the past," Dr. Südekum continu- od thoughtfully.. We should take in our power to provide for the poor. I lessons from history, and do everything have worked hard in the development of Wo the People's Kitchens ia Berlin."

1916, in some great central kitchens in which we started in the suburbs carly cock a nourishing meat and vegetablo stew. From these kitchens distributing vehicles -- ffulasch - kanonen (stew-can- sent through the city, and from them nons) as they are jocularly called aro

less than the cost of production. me may purchase enough for a meni at

week until we now have 30, each of which have added a new central kitchen each supplies 10,000 people a day with a meal, or, more correctly, a meal and a half. In July, however, the work assumed authorities also created great contral greater proportions, for the municipal kitchens. Most of the dinners are taken to the homes and eaten there

We

The People's Kitchen idea is now spreading throughout Germany. But I I believe in believe in going further. putting every German-I make no excep

That is what is tion-upon rations. done in a hesieged city, and our position is sufficiently analogous to a besieged city to warrant the same measures. All our food would then be available for qual distribution, and each person would get his allowance."

This carnest Social Democrat's idea is, of course, perfect in theory. Even the able, hard-working Batocki, however, Why not? cannot make it practicable, The Agrarion, the great Junker of Prut- vie, not only will not make sacrifices, but stubbornly insists upon wringing every pfennig of misory money from the nation which has boasted to the world that its patriotism was unselfish and unrivalled.

GIRL'S SACRIFICE.

SKIN-GRAFTING OFFER TO WOUNDED SOLDIER.

One of the books handed round to the nerals when I was in Berlin was treatise on the German industrial and economic situation, by Professor Cassell, of the University of Usala, Sweden.

He came upon the invitation of the German authorities for a three weeks' study of conditions. In his preface he

I know from friend who was recently artlessly mentions that he was enabled to accomplish so much in three weeks owing visiting a well-known German nobleman to the praiseworthy way in which every that, with the exception of the fact that the bread was adulterated with potato

I have been told that many wounds thing was arranged for him. He com piled his work from information dis- flour, there was no change whatever in

It is true that no are badly healed because the doctors eau

I creetly imparted at interviews with the diet of the guests. officials, from printed statistics, and from beer was served, but there was every kind not get skin graft on the wound. observations made on carefully shep of German wine, meat, game, egge, and would consider it an honour to be allowed to put myself at your disposal at any herded expeditions, Neutral correspon a sufficiency of butter. There was no

of The above is from a letter received by against the ills of Constipation by the dents nes expected to use this sort of waste in the house, because there is never time in order that portions of my kin

hundredweight, as the basis of their

their newspapers life are well known, and if there were the resident medical officer of the Fish

the in communications to

German mongers' Hall Hospital from a nineteen- We were supplied with a similar volume more individuality on the "Great German naval victory of character they would lead to something year-old girl employed in a large City

more serious shan the very tame rinta, at office.

The offer is a genuine one," the dec Jutland.'

I alloyed any suspicion that might have several of which I have been present

That the food question is the dominator stated," and shows the extraordinary arisen as to the reason of my long sojourn in Germany by receiving all this litera ing topic in Germany among all except patriotism of one who is unable to nelz ture and now and then submitting to the the very rich, and that this winter will in other ways. At the moment we hav Censor the most innocuous part of it and to the intensity of the conversations no case that would benefit from ach stand. Most of the shopping of the of our patients may require skin gre for tranquiasion to one or two American on the subject, is not difficult to under sacrifice, but in about two months o publications.

Much of my personal research work was world is done by women, and the German ing, and then I shall certainly consi

of the middle class, whose taking advantage of the offer!! done on foot. One of my plans was to woman

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thing, which is turned out by the any waste in any German house,

The facts of Vice sent it might be taken to graft on a wound, th