THE WINDING UP OF ENEMY BUSINESSES.
GOVERNMENT'S REPLY TO CHARGES OF UNDUE DELAY.
THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESƏ SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 1971, 1918,
GERMAN SLAVERY IN
BELGIUM.
FORCED LABOUR PROCLAMATION,
+
The Telegrauf learns that German cavalry was employed to disperse Ghent civilians who resisted the recent depor-- In the House of Commons last month, tation measures whereby 2,000 were re- Bir H. Dalziel raised the question of the maxed. The disturbances occurred near winding-up of onemy firms trading in the docks. The persons deported were of Great Britain, and invited an explana the working class, with some officials and tion of the causes of the delay in the students, and they were concentrated at matter. According to the latest state-
various places. With every 25 mon one ment 275 alien businesses were under control, and 355 where winding-up orders worn was obliged to go to cook and
perform household work. had been issued, and there was not a
A German proclamation states that single case in which the winding-up order persons capable of working can be forced had been carried out to completion. That to do so in places outside their place of was a very serious state of affairs indeed. residence if they are in a position neces The large majority were continuing to sitating assistance for themselves or their do business, and a considerable propor-dependents owing to gambling, drunken tion were taking orders for a long time ness, idleness, or unemployment. The ahead. The winding-up order was really second article provides that every in an advantage to them, because they could habitant in the country is under obliga now boast that they were carrying on tion to assist in case of accident, or their business in association with the danger to the community, and also in Board of Trade. It was not British case of public calamity, oven outside his interests but German interests that would place of residence. All persons can be gain. Tac excuse that book debts had to compelled if they refuse. By the third be got in was by no means a complete article those refusing work, as prescribed answer, for thero would never come by the other two, are liable to imprison time when the last debt due would be meat up to three years or sine up to collected. The debts could be sold to so £150. outside agency, and the liquidation closed military administrators and military Judgment can be passed by in that way. The liquidators were ma Courts. The Belgians are apprehensive ters of the situation. What was wanted of being called on to suppress riots, if was a controller of the controllers.
these ocent, as they think the civil pom in virtue of Article 2. guards may be summoned for this pur
Was not one
is
AMERICA AND GERMAN SUBMARINES.
AN APPARENTLY INCONSISTENT
ATTITUDE.
INTERESTING STATEMENT IN
PARLIAMENT.
ALLIES AND NEUTRAL MAILS,
FIRM REPLY TO US. PROTEST.
The Governments of the Allies make
the
The reply of the Allied Governments to the American Memorandum of May 24th, 1916, regarding the holding up of mails by France and Great Britain, has been communicated to the Press The focu
Lord Beresford naked the Government Government, and concludes as follows:- In the House of Lords on October 17th, et refutes point by point all the ob jections raised by the United States whether it was a fact that the Govern ment of the United States raised obections sincere efforts to avoid the exercise of to British cruisers patrolling off the const whether, owing to such objection, belligerent rights encroaching on the cruisers were removed; and whether legitimate exercise of the rights of in- the Government were taking steps in offensive neutral commerce, but they order to prevent the sinking of British consider that it is their right as bellige trading vessels by German submarines, rents to excreise on the high seas the truth in the statement that appeared in nizes in order to prevent the sending of Earl Grey naked whether there was any control which international law recog the Press on the 10th of October to the any mails destined to assist the enemy in effect that the commander of the German his conduct of the war and to uphold his submarine asked the commander of an resistance. American de troyer to clear out of the way so that we might have room to blow neutral Power cannot, in their opinion, The right of the United States as a ther it was true that the American de- include the protection given by the up the ships he was attacking, and whe strcyer promptly acceded to the German Federal Government to the dispatch of request. Any such aetion on the part of correspondence or communications in any American war vessels would involve a form which bear a manifest or concealed new and startling departure from the hostile character and are destined direct old traditions of the naval service, Hely, or indirectly to the enemy, and trusted the noble viscount would be able American individuals can only send auch trath in this statement. to assure the House that there was no at their own personal risk and peril. It is the same principle which was ex- pressly recalled by the President of the United States in his proclamation of neutrality.
ment
AMERICAN OBJECTION TO BRITISH PÁTBOLLING..
OT
any intention of evading.
SWEDISH SHIP CAUGHT IN GERMAN SUBMARINE NET.
It is now beyond doubt that the Ger-
to catch submarines (says The Times
VISCOUNT GREY'S REPLY, Viscount Grey, who was received with with the treatment of British concerns in He contrasted the state of affairs here
cheers, said:--The best means of answer- In cases where any abuse, any mistake, ing the first part of the question on the Germany, where there
grave error is committed by the British Arm which was not wound up between Zeebrugge and Antwerp
A great military road for rapid traffic order paper will be to road to your lord-authorities of the Alles who are en- ships a summary of what has actually trusted with the inspection of mails, soon after the outbreak of the war. He spoken of. It is to be protected by tren-, passed between his Majesty's Government and is brought to the notice of the wondered if the Government realized how ches. The Yock Army Commander-in the war began and what we understand French or British Government, the list to
and the United States Government since seriously many people regarded this Chief is reported to be at Oudenarde. kusinesses being forced by law to give Roulers to rest, and the place is crowded ment of the United States raised ebjer in conformity with the principles of matter. They saw the heads of British Troops from the Somme have gone to the view of the United States Governare, as they have always been, ready to be. It is a fact that the Govern settle the responsibility for the mistake up their business in order to go and join The neighbouring tillages are full of tions to British cruisers patrolling off right and justice, which they never had the Army while Germans, some of them troops for the Flanders front, and the const. not interned, were allowed to carry on treaches are being constructed from their business and to inatch and capture Roulers to Thielt. the very business lost by the men whom Bruges to Flemish Middleburg is again The tramway from we were forcing to go to the front,This being lengthened along the frontier to was nothing less than a national Maldegem, where the work is proceed-
On September 14th, 1914, the British senndal, (Hear, hoar.) There was far ing by forced civilian labour.
Gravel Ambassador in Washington telegraphed too much tenderness for the Germans it is conveyed by tram for this. The that the United States authorities and almost every Department of the Govern Germans have painted the porcelain munications from H.M.8, Suffolk to New: mans have placed steel niets in the Sound
intercepted wireless telegraph com- mont, naturalized or un-naturalized, and
York asking for supplies and newspapers: had been from the beginning of the war
and he informed us that the United States There had been no driving power, so
Government considered this, it repeated, proper supervision. If the Government had meant business half of these arms
would be making use of United States would have been wound up by this time.
territory as a base for supplies and in formation as to shipping movements through newspapers.
The proceeding was, so far I am aware, not re peated and no official protest was received so far as I have been able to discover in the Foreign Office. On October 5th, 1914, we had a private communication respect ing the presence of British ships near New York Harbour. We had an unoffi cial communication later on deprecating the same thing and saying that in the past such hovering of foreign vessels in United States had forced that Govern the vicinity of the great ports of the ment, owing to the public feeling aroused, to take a very strong line, and that if the practice continued it might be construed act of unfriendliness requiring some action on the part of the United Etatee Government.
Then there was the associated question of the banks. There were three German banks allowed to do business to this day in our midst run by Germans. In the manager's office a German was sitting
ton who were allowed to bare visits
He would like to snow it was true that the German werks who bad been interned were allowed full salary while the British clerks were reduced by one half. Unless public opinion asserted itself this matter would dawdle on until the war was over, when it would be found that the managers and clerks were back doing basiness as before. (Hesz, bear.)
THE GERMAN BANKU.
insulators of the electric cable between Belgium and Holland. These were white, but are now painted black in order to escape the notice of airmen.--Timer.
into an
correspondent at Copenhagen). It to re- ported from Malmo that the propeller of the Swedish steamer Norma, bound for the Baltic with coal, became entangled in a net off the Drogden Lightship on October 18th. A Germon tng arrived to ́assist the Norma to get free.
States Government and ourselves and of
what we know of their views.
It amounted to this, that the United
States Government did request as vory emphatically not to patrol near their coasta, and that instructions were sent to say unnecessary irritation. That is what British ships of war to avoid causing actually passed as far as we are concern ed. As to what passed as regards the German submarine we do not yet know, and, therefore, I cannot answer my poble lend as to what was the attitude of the United States warships ou the spot towards the German submarine. We know that they saved life; they rescued crews whose ships were sunk they did everything they could to prevent loss of life after the vessels were sunk.
THE GERMAN' COMMANDER'S ALLEGED REQUESTS.
But the question of my noblo friend is, What did they do before the vessels were sank? Is the statement in newspapers true that the German submarine asked the United States cruisers to clear out
BRITISH GOVERNMENT EXCHEQUER BONDS AND WAR SAVINGS CERTIFICATES.
PPLICATIONS may be made three hi has undarnoted Banks, from whom fall informa»
tion and the necessary format be obtained:
CHARTERED BIKK OF INDIA, AUSTRALIA & CHINA. Horazono & SHANGHAI BANKINO CORPORATION. Marcantile Bank of India, Lab,
6% EXCHEQUER BONDS
Repayable 1920
These Bonds, and the interest thereon, are free of Income Tax, if in the beneficial ownership of persons.not ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom of Grmt Britain and *Ireland.
Bonds are issued in denominations of £100, £200, £300, £1,000 and £5,000. The interest is payable half-yearly on 16th February and 16th August,
Bonds can be obtained fo "Bearer" or they may be registered in the books of the Bank of England.
A declamation regarding exemption from Income Tax is necessary in the case of Boarer Bonde, but the Interest warrants relating to registered Bonds, without any deduction of Income Tax, can be rent direct to the owner of such registered Bonds or to his bankerfil
WAR SAVINGS CERTIFICATES
Value 5 years after purchase.
£500
£1
Purchase Price. £387 10 15. 6d.
·FREE OF INCOME TAX.
For every 15s. 6d. lent now £1 will be paid in 5 years' time, equivalent to 6 per cent, compound interest. No Income Tax will be payable.
Anyone, whatever his or her income may be, can buy War Savings Certificates up to a maximum of 500 £1 Certificates in all, or their equivalent.
Meanwhile the money may be withdrawn in fall at any time, with an addition after the first year.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS.
(1) A Certificate entitles the purchaser to receive £1 for each 158. 6d. on the fifth anniversary of the date of purcknes, free of income tax in respect of the accumulated interest. (2) A Certiflente is not transferable except by permission of the Portmaster Geners!; a fe of is, will be charged in respect of each transferse. In the event of death, the same rules. will be applied sa in the case of Savings Bank Deposits.
(3) On written application (on a form obtainable at any Post Office) being made to the Controller, Money Order Department, London, the purchase price, or part thereof in multiples of lbs. 6d. will be repaid at any time, with an addition of 3d. for each 16s, 6d. on the first anniversary of the
each month there date of purchase, and with a further addition of 1d.' por 15. 6d, for
(6) No person may hold more than 500 £1 Certificates or their equivalent.
The £1 Certificates (purchase price 154. 6d.) are insted in book form. The Certificates for £12 (purchase price £0 68,) and £25 (purchase price £19 7a. Od.) are farmed without books. The £1, £12 and £25 Certificates are on sale at local Poi, Ofices and at most Banks.
Bingle Certificates for sums from £100 to £500 may be obtained on application to the Comptroller and Accountant General, General Post Office, Lonion; application forms are available at all Post Offices and at most Banks.
If Certificates be lost, and the serial numbers can be furnished to the Controller of the Money Order Department, new Certificates will be issued at a charge of In,
GENERAL POST OFFICE, LONDON,
June, 1918. EXAMPLES OF INVESTMENT IN WAR SAVINGS CERTIFICATES.
887 $10 B10 28210 165
Value After
1 year
898-15 815 2365
2 years.
4 years!
5 years.
d..
£
£
8
885
448 15 356
488. 15
600
875
400
266 &
281 5
300
157 10
167
177 30
187 10
200
77 10
78 -15
#8 16
88 16
98 15
100
88 15
897 8
41 17-
44 7
6
46 17 6 50
16, 20 1715
16 15-
7 17
16 15
17 15
18.15 - 20
6
8 7
8 17
9 7 & 10
8 18
9 4 3
4
3
8
311
8 15
+2 6.6
111
15 6
2 7 8: 2.10
3
2 18
.3
2 18 %
1 11 8 1 1a
35
I 16 6 1
16
17 9
18
3 17 8
4 13
of the way in order that the operations N.B. The Investment may be any multiple of 158. 6d. up to £887 10s.
On
on different bases. It did not in the least follow that if it should he decided that the capital sum should be returned day by day dóing kasinem and surround-
or exchanged against British property in the enemy's hands, the prots earned ed, in one case at least, by German clerks.
on the capital would similarly be re The excuse of the Government was that theso men were necessary, but it was turned. Three hundred and thirty very weak exTUSE. It applied to hun-orders had been made for winding up. dreds of businesses where the principale It did not matter whether the winding up had been actually completed as long as were interned. Did the House know that the assets had been sold. The factory there wore many men interned at Taling stock-in-trade, and other substantial periodically from members of their firm assets of a company might have been and their secretaries? Why was that not bought by British purchasers, but there possible in regard to German banks: It might be certain debts not collected, certain croditora who had not been able was tenderness again.
to give satisfactory proof of their claima The actual winding-up in such a case was
There was later on an official com not complete. But if the war ended what plaine on December 16th, 1914, founded would there be left 2 Only a few book on the shadowing by a British warship debts In 185 cases, out of 330, the assets for some distanca along the American had already been sold and disposed of coast, though from a position admittedly there only remained certain small items beyond territorial limits, of a vessel which might take some time to complete, called the land. This complaint re- but were quite immaterial. The assets ferred to the seriousness with, which the having been disposed of, to all intents Government of the United States regard- Mr. McKinnon Wood, Financial and purposes winding up had been com-ed the hovering, of belligerent warships cretary to the Treasury, said that after pleted. A few weeks ago the Department about American consts and ports. The the outbreak of the war orders were issued a circular to all the controllers official complaint stated that the British issued the no new business should be urging them to press on with the work States Government had always regarded Government were aware that the United undertaken by the German banks, and It was of less importance to get an
the practice of belligerent cruisers patrol of sinking defenceless ships should be that operations should be confined solely actual clearing order than to maintain to completing transactions which were the principle that private propertyling the American coast in close prox facilitated, and did the United States
imity to territorial waters of the United cruiser comply with that request! in progress. In the case of the Deutsche should not be confiscated where the States, and making the neighbourhood a that we know nothing more than what Bank that process was practically com-national purpose of getting rid of enemy station for their observations, as incon-line appeared in the Press. I assume that plete, and great progress had been made control over track would not be served. sistent with the treatment to be expected the only people who can give information with it in the other cases. The business In addition to the number completed, from the naval vessels of a friendly Power are the officers of the German submarine of the receiver, Sir W. Plender, was to 70 cases had been vested in the Public in time of war, and had maintained that and the officers of the United States Navy coflect the assets and deal with the Trustee with a view to the sale of the the consequent menace of such proceed who were present. That is & matter into Liabilities. Debts due by the banks to assets to British purchasers. It was not ings to the freedom of American com which, I presume, the United States merce was vexatious and uncourteous to Government has inquired or will inquire. British subjects, and the subjects of always casy to find a purchaser at Allied and neutral countries were to be satisfactory price, and the Board of the United States. We assume that the We have no means ourselves of determin- paid by the receiver, but liabilities due Trade did not feel justified in selling at view of the United States Government ising the actual facts. to enemy subjects, when they were known a knock-out price or at a very low price still that contained in their dispatch of
THE MATTER IN SUSPENSE, persona, were to go to the Public even to a British subject who had an in- October 4th, 1970, which is as follows
Although the vesse's of either belli I would sum up the situation by saying Trustee, and the surplus assets of the tapes in the business before the war.. bunks were to be paid to the account of
A NATIONAL ASSET.
gerents may not actually shelter within the that the whole matter seems to me to he the Treasury in the Bank of England. The view which they took was that the jurisdiction of the United States and pre-in a state of suspense for the moment. It Just before the outbreak of war there property was not vested for the benefit ceed thence against the vessels of its is evidently the case that the German sub- were 363 alien enemies in those banks of any individuel, but was a national envy, this Government would regard maritie visited the United States port an unfriendly get the hovering of suck and sank British and neutral vessels off The number had been redaced to nine, astet. In a case in which there was a
vessels upon the east of the United the American const; We do not know and it was about to be reduced to seven. British partner in a business they allowed States near to its shores, in the neighour; what precautions were taken while the certain number of him to pay to the Publis Trustee that hood of its ports, and in the track ni German submarine was in the United The services of a them who possessed special knowledge share of the profits which accrued upon the ordinary commerce of these ports, States port to prevent it from obtaining had to be retained. As those banks were the capital of the encuny partner and to with intent to intercept the vessels of supplies or information from the news- doing business all over the world there purchase the share of the enemy partner trade of its enemy."
papers or otherwise as to the movement was nothing remarkable, he thought, in by the payment of instalments.
In reply to these various requests, both of merchant vessels off the coast; nor the winding-up process taking a couple It was not the case, as had been sug private and semi-official and official, from do we know whether American ships of of years. The wind'ng-up of the banks gested, that during the winding up the the United States Government, we asked war facilitated the operations of the Cor was, of course, necessary in the interests enemy interest went on directing the to be informed on what ground the claiman submarine by getting out of the way. of the British, neutral, and Allied eredi- policy of the business. From the moment was made that belligerent, operations It is only the United States Government tors, and it was not fair to represent that the properties were vested for which were legitimate in one part of the and their officials who can authoritatively that as carrying on German business. It winding-up or for sale of assets, the high seas were illegitimate in another, ascertain all the facts, and until we know was better described as a case of winding enemy subjects or enemy had no say in The United States Government, replied by what the facts actually were and what ap German business. As to the salaries the matter whatever. He declined admitting that British ships were not view the United States Government itself paid to the officers engaged, the right admit that there had been any delay that accused of exceeding their strict legal akes of the proceedings of the German bou, member had not given him notice could be avoided unless they had been rights under international law, and that submarine we do not propose to make an that be intended to raise the point and willing to sell these properties at a he complaints made by the United States official communication on the subject, he was not in a position to give him any knuck-out price. In doing that we should roverursent were not based on any actual which, in the absence of further informa illegality, but on the irritation which the tion, could only be hypothetical. But it precise information:
not only be getting rid of enemy control, continued presence of belligerent vessels is obvious that the issues involved are but confiscating and dispersing enemy in close proximity to the United States very important. Mr. Pretyruan said the business of the property, and not for the benefit of the
The Allies, of course, have made a re- Board of Trade was to get rid of the State. It was important that we should ports naturally caused to a
presentation expressing very tally to the enemy element in our trade, and that at the end of the war have as large assets
United States their view about the danger was what they had tried to do without ne possible of enemy property, and if
of permitting the submarines of a belli- loss of time. Parliament had not laid we disposed of assets för half what they Lord Beresford asks what we did. As gerent Power to visit the ports of a on the Department the duty of confiscat were worth it meant making a present a matter of fact, though we had contended neutral Power. The reply of the United ing private property. Another point that to some individual to the extent of that, according to the strict principle of States Government was not favourable should be made clear was that this enemy one-half the value, and the asseta which international law, British warships were to the views of the Allies on that point, property when it came to be dealt with we should hold at the end of the war entitled to operate freely anywhere out but it is possible that there may be fur- Therefore, when I say after the war would be dealt with as an would be very much reduced. He thought side territorial waters and the United ther discussion. asset of value in the peasa bargaining. it would not be wise, and that we should States had not based their request to us we do not propose to make official repre- on international law, but on grounds of sentations until we know the full facts, It must be divided into two parts First be the last country to inaugurate a of all there was the actual capita, bepolicy of the mere confsection of pri- courtesy and friendliness and the annoy-that applies only to the special proceed
ance it would cause if the vessels were ings of the German submarine which we longing to the enemy which had been vate property in war, because we were vested as such, and secondly, there were the country who probably owned a larger close to their coast, instructions were understand are now the subject of consid- the profits which might have accrued in proportion of property in foreign lands sent by the Admiralty to the British cration by the United States Government, the course of business while the property than any other nation in the world. But Vessels of war at the time with a view to who are themselves ascertaining the full meeting as far as possible the views of facts, and will, I coppoes, is due course. was in the hands of the controller or of that was a different matter from carry the United States Government, and it was make it known to the world what the custodian. The position of each ofing out the policy laid down by the impressed upon them that no act should they take of these proceedings. Be shall these two assets was different, And it House of getting rid of the element of | be committed liable to cause unnecessary then be ableto decide whether it is neces- would be open to Parliament or the peaceful penetration which we so irritatio
sary for uso make any official repre Government after the war to treat them rightly resented. In carrying out that That believe, is a fair summary of rentations on the subject, and, if so, what (Continued at foot of next Column) policy the Board had not been lax, and what has passed between the United the nature, of these represcutations
were not tardy,
(Gorítinued az foos of next Column.) - should be.
THE REPLY FOR THE BOARD OF TRADE.
newral
country,
THE INSTRUCTIONS TO BRITISH WARSHIPS.
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