1916-08-25 — Page 7

ALLIES' RING OF FIRE,

ENEMY'S DESCRIPTION OF SOMME OFFENSIVE,

*Lieutenant Alfred Dambilsch, who was wounded in the recent fighting on the the description in Homme, gives a Vussische Zeitung of the Allies tactics in their present offensive, He describes the various weapons which have been im- proved dating the war, such as liquid fire thrower, gas attacks, and sub-

t-tuck.

and says:-

** WHITE NIGHTS."

WHAT RUSSIAN COUNTRY LIFE IS

LIKE.

[SY.HAMILTON JYBE.]

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, AUGUST 25mm, 1918,

GERMANY'S MERCANTILE

MARINE,

THE HANSEATIC SPIRIT AND ITS

FUTURE WORK..

IMPERIAL UNITY.

MR. MERRIMAN ON THE TAXING QUESTION,

DOMINIONS' "DEBT TO NAVY.

. J. X. Merriman contributes an in- I suppose it will surprise many people The Berlin Tageblatt publishes a long to learn that Russia has a hot summer, article with the proud title The Hanseresting letter to the Cape Limes on the questions raised íð Mr. Liodel Curtis? hotter than our usual summer in Engatie Spirit, which is interesting as a land, more sunabine, bluer skies. It is fine specimer of Teutonic bound and book The Problem of the Common-

wealth." this which explains the rush of townsfolk brag. The writer laments that in a few days after the declaration of war the every end of May to the country.

They will not stay in the towns. They German mercantile flag disappeared from say it is unhealthy. They speak as if all the sea, and that deep and painful silence the plagues raged during the hot descended on the towns and harbours of weather, which is not, you must under the North Sea. Hamburg and Bremen stand, so hot as all that! Still, Moscow shippers at first took no steps to meet the is detestably dusty, and the Petrograd new situation. They believed that the canals smell worse than usual, and for war would be a short une, and that after all reasons it is pleasanter to be in the passage of arins with England inti- country. So off go all who can to their mate commercial relations with England dutchas" (summer honics) to enjoy thewould be resumed on much the same lines sunshine and the clear sky and the soft, as before the war. baked south.

warm airs that are blown from the sun-

ter

They resolved

Mr. Merriman states that discussion on the subject has reached the dangerous stage when people are saying that some- thing should be done, forgetting Lord Melbourne's question, Why not leave it alone? He urges that it is almost im possible to get any community once entrusted with the right of self-taxation willingly to surrender that right to some distant assembly in which its representa tion would be small. Disruption would be a weapon in the hands of patriot with ambitions or grievances

The difficulty of India's

position is emphasized, and Mr. Merriman asks whe

her the Dominions would consent that India should have its share in the Goy- ernment or whether India would willingly arent the position at being governed by an Imperial Council on which the Dominions had a voice and India had

It might be, he continues, that Union,

the Britain, would insensibly detract from her spiritual greatness, which, perhaps,

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Bit this respect the present French and British offensive is the last word. The Aim of any offensive in modern warfare is the destruction of the enemy. This is the object of the present offensive, the ice being to enclose as in a tactical ring by a simultaneous bombardment with lang-range guns from the front ant the treat. Accordingly the greedy beast be

The silenon and inactivity were not, Ran eating at the backlings of the Germ front. First of all our third

therefore, the result of crippled powers, and seennd trenches were incessantly

It takes a long time to get rid of Win but of optimism. But the war extended bombarded, mostly by heavy artillery, of Well into April sometimes into and the Hanseatic merchants saw that which the enemy had concentrated May, he keeps his grip on the rivers, the they could not sit down with idle hands precedented masses in the sector of

It was dug-outs which had to earth is still under snow. Gradually the until the war was over. tered down, so that at the moment saw melts, the ice breaks up and Boats on a Durchbruch," they resolved on of assault all the defenders, except a few away. The dark earth appears and very making themselves strong for the future.10.

And now for months, we are told, the survivors, and all the machine guns quickly looks as if it had been lightly should be buried. Our second and third dusted over with a green powder. It remen on the North Sea have been persist- if it added to the material greatness of frenches were first bombarded in order covers quickly, for the snow has kept ontly working and waiting, not for to prevent our bringing up reserves, it warm. The trees are not so soon them-Day," but for "the Future," Much has For the same reason all the communica-selves again. They have been exposed to happened lately to witness to the fact in the absence of any rigid union would tion trenches leading from the rear to the the cruel winds, the savage, silent, para that the work has been crowned with sue be richer for the evolution of independent front position were kept under incessant lyzing frusts. For a month after winter cess, Ballin, of the Hamburg Americanations who might develop the best ideals Gre. the Somme every one of our has gone they are black and bare. Life Fue, and Heinecken, of the North German of the English race on original lines.

good communication comes back to them only when they have Lloyd, have declared that their building creating improved varieties of the au NETH, INDIA, MANILA, HONGKONG & SAN FRANCISCO. eotamus had trenel which led from the headquarters been well warmed by the sun. Last year upirations have known no cessation, and cent stock. of the battalion to the front trench.

they were not in leaf until June.

that their fleets at the conclusion of the war will resume their operations with perhaps & still higher tonnage than they pussessed when war broke out. Now they are in their first full The same thing, we are told, applics glory. The lilacs are just frothing into to all the other great lines. The Hansa flower, the chestnut candles almost ready line, the Hamburg-South America Com fur lighting. There is no hawthorn here, pary, the Deutsche-Australische line, the but a blossom which both looks and smells Kosmos and Levant lines have all au like it is filling the warm air with a nounced that they are building new drowsy delight. In the meadows great ships, or that their new ships have double kingcups lift proud heads of already been built. Even smaller lines, gold, daisies two inches across grow engaged in the Baltic trade, have been everywhere, violets are hiding in the fresh able to lay down a large number of new forest grass. We are in the full tide of vessels. The vast majority of these new

But we have ships will be freight-carriers. spring or early summer. had a long time to wait for it. This week is what in the old life used to be Ascot wock. We are in the middle of June,

There is a passion in the summer here One only feels this in countries which have a long, hard winter. The earth seems to rejoice in its freedom. There is

various

But the attack against our front from

This year a few hot May days turned the rear extended still further. All the them green, but then back came north- main and side roads and all the cross-east wads, and for three weeks they stood roads were kept under fire so that proaching, troops, munitions. supplies still and provisions had to pass. several lines of Bre. Bombarding villages and places behind the front where the reserves are supposed to be quartered is an old trick of the British and French, but this time the principle was carried out more consistently and recklessly an ever. All places up to a distaner of 0 miles behind the front were brought under incessant heavy artillery fontbardment, which often started actual fires, thanks to the incendiary shells used by the enemy,

TRENCHES BATTERED DOWN. ►

But the passenger trade has been by nu means neglected. We are informed that te Hamburg-America line have already finished a new ship of the Imperator type (58,000 tons) and three new 33,000-ton boats, that the North German Lloyd are buishing two ships of the Columbus class

After questioning the feasibility of a common tariff or taxation imposed by peace of the world must depend on the some Bundesrath, he declares that the

maintenance of a strong British Navy. It is inconceivable that at the end of the war the British taxpayer's Colonial bro- ther will accept from his embarrassed relation that eleemosynary protection accorded by the Navy which alone enables him to indulge his aspirations for pa tional growth. Some way of regulariz- ing this question on a business footing must be found, whether by free grants from Dominion exchequers or a scheme of insurance in proportion to the volume of trade.

In the course of his letter: Mr. Merri- man characteristically remarks:-" We are apt to ignore the fact that everything the world owes to the Anglo-Saxon raco Springs from British, and if by a con vulsion of nature all the Dominions dis- appeared to-morrow with all their material progress neither the world of ideas, literature, or art, nor all that goes to make up civilization, would be one whit the poorer."Times.

>

SUBMARINE FRIGHTFULNESS.

GERMÁN HINT AT NEW

CAMPAIGN.

+

The battering down of our advanced trenches was almost exclusively left to the bey artillery and trench niorters, especially by the latter. The French

a luxuriance of growth which we scarcely (35,000 tons each), and that the South have nude great improvements in this know in England, a sudden rush of life, Ameri a line has ready a new ship to weapon lately. For the destruction of oar trenches they exclusively employed a glory of light and warmth and splén take the place of the lost Cap Trafalgar. dour. Ask any Russian living abroad It is certain, says this veracious writer, those of the heaviest calibre, and they what he most misses and be will tell you that during the first days of peace the now throw their mines with greater

The White Nights." All through June, German passenger-bonts will be running accuracy and· over longer ranges than

with a little overlapping on e'ther side with all their old power. formerly Opposite my company," not

are so near It is absurd to think, says the writer,, fewer than six morters were placed of it, sunset and sunrise

together that there is no darkuess. Last that there will be any diminution of They were worked uninterruptedly, throwing hundreds of aerial torpedoes night I was sitting dit of doors reading German tonnage. Besides, the post-war recent article in the Lokalanzeiger. We dice at half-past ships will be better and more modern than bearing the initials of Emil Zimmermann on your position, from the first to the at eleven o'clock. third trenches. They tore up our wire right, and after strolling about the garthe ships of the ante-war period, and cer and the marks of official inspiration hints obstacles from the ground, poles and all, den, or watching the afterlow flame in the tainly better than the fleets of England, at a new era in submarine frightfulness and threw them all over the place, crush-sky and reflect its glory in the Gulf of It is not only that the percentage of new that England way use her credit and The article lays stress on the possibility the dugouts, if they fell on them, Finland, we say, "It must be getting German ships will be higher than in Eng- and glamaging the trenches. In a very late. Someone looks at a watch. It island, where tonnage has sadly deterior-power to force the smaller neutral States short time great portions of our trenches midnight! Who could have guessed itiated owing to the stress of war work, into an attitude of unfriendliness or had been fattened out, partly burying We go reluctantly to bed, our rooms quite and where the large yards have been fully Should such a situation obtain, then it hostility towards the Central Powers. their occupants. This fise lasted for light still, until with hesitating hand we occupied with Admiralty orders, but in would behove Germany to consider whe- seven, days, and finally there came a gas

draw curtains over the windows. It the war period German ships have been ther the decision she arrived at in the attack, also of an iurprend kind. seems a shame to shut out these wonder resting, have been repaired and modern spring of 1910 was in accordance with her

fal White Nights."

ised, and can spring at once into action. well-understood interests.

The one trouble which the writer of this

+4

It is a happy life, that of the Russian datchik" dutch dweller). Very simple and primitive, utterly different from English country-house life. To be gin wit,"datchus

article foresees lies on the financial side of the question. The Germans have plenty of technique, but ao money. And while

The decision to modify submarine. war- fare was taken because Germany did not wish a war with America, into which her enemies wintet to force her. That deri-

Although the offensive was made by great masses of infantry and had been prepared with all the latest improve ments of the science of war, the attempt to break our line completely failed. Our front is no longer in any danger. Though the attacks still contine we are pre-

as a rule are wooden English and neutral shipping companies sion was provisional. If Englani bow- pared to meet the Even today; when buses, only meant for summer habita- have been piling up reserves out of their ever succeeded in arraying neutrals All winter most of them stand awollen profits the German companies against Germany, either actively or pas war is so largely a matter of mechanical tion. contrivances, the old truth still holds empty. When they are to be occupied have been consuming their reserves. Thesively, the ground for that decision Should Germany be good that in the Jong rau it is always again servants go down, light fires, clean one comfort of the writer lits in the hope would pass away the men who are the deciding factor then up. Then the furniture is sent by that the German Government will come compelled to act ruthlessly the decision The deepest impression left on me was rond, piled up on carts. Not too much to the resene with liberal and adequate rest pol in a sentimental but in a

real basis not a feeling of horror and terror of it. Just enough for comfort. Appear subsidies. face of these gigantie forces of destrucances are not considered.

There is no

The Kreuz Zeitung in a reference to No, not his one comfort: There is one the Lekalanzeiger article says that it tion but an unceasing admiration für state or ceremony. One lives out of doors comfort, more the fact that a German has had occasion to call attention to vir- my own men. Young recruits who had as much as possible, or un glassed-in submarine merchantman has taken a just come into the field from hore, fresh balconies, which are but one slight re-cargo of dyestuffs to America, and will decisive subquarine action, and it is glad cumstances which appeared to require 20-year-old boys, behaved in this, estas

move from, the open air. Outside every probably bring back a cargo of rubber, to note that elsewhere (meaning official trophe ploughing and thundering as if

“dutchu" are set benches, both in the It would be wrong, he says, to over-esti- quarters) the same deriuations are drawn they had spent all their life in such aur-

garden, if there is one, and in the road. Imate the importance of this blockade from the oppression of neutrals, It re roundings, and it is partly thanks to

Upon these it is customary to sit and talk breaker in supplying the wants of Germarks that a prompt decision is neces- them that the older married men also

for hours. Dress is sketchy, and often many, even though many of its sister sary, otherwise the best season for the stood the test so well,

Meals

are at odd The writer concludes by saying "The can be prolonged or cut short must to importance be underestimated elapsed.

times,aps are already completed, but neither prosecution of submarine war will have reach the Belgian at will, For example, a Russian hostess It will certainly weaken the vigour of the will say to the parlourmaid, "See if British blockade, and its moral and the cook has anything else to give us," legal importance" is. enormous, or it inay be, Never mind about the

Perspectives of unimagined grandeur chickens and the soufflé, Masha, Just stretch out before the writer. He revels bring us tea.

We have had enough to in the thought of the development of the new submarine. "A submarine mercan-

ency frontier."

will

TIGVET

GREECE GREETS FRANCE.

A GREAT DEMONSTRATION.

scanty.

eal.

GERMAN DESVERATION,

The Inkalanzeiger's article is regarded here (says The Times special correspon dent in Amsterdam) as a menace to in conjunction with the efforts made Holland, doubtless intended to be taken by the Allies to obtain half of Holland's Most English people, accustomed to the tile fleet of 100,000 tons would be able to surplus agricultural produce and half of formality and state of our country houses render every attempt at a blockade illu

her surplus fishing industry, after her Feto great popular manifestations took revolted by the go-as-you please life of

Femaining

half for Germany. Certainly place in Athens. A huge demonstration the "dutch," But it is of a piece with all the raw material she requires for ber the article unintentionally affords fur- of over 10,000 people marched to the everything else. With the wild gardens, manufactures.

ther evidence of the acute situation now French Legation and delivered an enthu-growing as they please, letting Nature

existing in Germany. The potato crop siastic address, in which in eulogistic be their gardener. With the servants so

in Belgium is a failure, half of it being terms they recalled the liberties brought smiling and friendly and cheerful, but, upon the settled order of life that I reported lost. Similar conditions obtain to the world by the French Revolution. judged by our standards, so incompetent should have, like the child in Stevenson's throughout a large part, if not all, of Ten thousand throats then sang, the With the free-and-easy manners of the verses, to go to bed by day, "Marseillaise," ending with stentorian "datehniki," determined to make their love the colours in the midnight sky, the of mind approaching desperation hence Now Germany. These factors, combined with the war situation, are producing a state burrahs for France, the Entente, and M. sammer as complete a contrast as possible clear, magical twilight before dawn, the it is supposed there will be an almost Venizelos. The crowds then filed

past the

to their winter existence in town. From golden after glow, with the fishing boats irresistible

On the occasion of the French National (delightful also in their way), would be sory, and be able to supply Germany with demands are supplied, leaving the

September to May they live in almost on the shiny water, the dome of Cron- should be done,

demand that something

In-

7.

If

Legation, going in at one enrance and issuing from another. The Councellor of hermetically sealed houses. They wrap stadt Cathedral, the distant forts in the the Legation stood at the entrance salut themselves un to go out as if they were gult, all dead-black against it.....

The sourething favoured by many, ing and surrounded by several French at the North Pole. They take no exer-

though not the most far-sighted, seems to officers in full uniform.

In the city the effects are sometimes be running amok with submarines, cise, breathe as little fresh air as they The demonstrators then went on to the can. Their complexions grow wax-like, stand so sharply out against the white ships, again he sunk, Germany may then even more enchanting. The churches this policy were reverted to and neutral British Legation, from the balcony of their eyes dull. From May till Augustness of the night. which & member of the staff thanked the they get as near Nature as they can.

The lines of ugly find. too late, that she has not all her people and read to them an official bulle-stantly their appearance alters,

palaces along the Neva have an other possible enemies arrayed against her at tin, just in, announcing another British look healthy and strong

They worldly look about them: become digni present. The Dutch are still extremely They feel fined, almost beautiful. SUCCESS, This received by the vigorous and normal.

was throng with loud and prolonged cheers. fresh air!

buffeled indefinitely. Many places were decorated in honour of

No wonder that all, from the poorest of Peter and Paul. Those who must stay AUSTRIAN MOCK TRIAL OF DEAD the occasion, and the enthusiasm shown who go to tiny cottages, travelling back- was spontaneous and sincere. The great wards and forwards, if they must, trains Petrograd solace themselves by driving proceedings passed off quietly without crowded beyond belief, to the high off to the Islands and walking at the Point,

There is

All the result of tremulous loveliness even in the lancet angry at the sinking of their vessels and

spires of the Admiralty and the Fortress

where two arms of the Neva flow into the

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any incident, the new Chief of Police cials and rich merchants, who own small gulf, and talking poetry as all Russians serving at the front, who has returned having kept exemplary order and the palaces and have motorcars to meet them love to talk it, with the scents of summer to Rome, states that Biguor Battisti, rowdy elements of Gournarists and Gerat the railway station-no wonder every heavy in the air; then crowd into a hot, Deputy for Trent, was seriously wounded manoptiles having made no attempt to body looks forward to "dalcha "-time expensive restaurant, as all Russians in the Vallarsa, and that, being unable interfere.

with longing. No wonder all Russians, love to crowd, to eat and drink rich foods Once more the Greek people assert in accustomed from childhood to spend the and liquors until the sun is up at half-

to get back to the Italian lines, be com- no mistakable manner the immense in-

"White Nights" in the country, think past two as he morning, and in broad hands of the enemy. Presumably the mitted. suicide rather than fall into the Huence which France exercises over them. wih delight of these never-ending even daylight they drive home to bed.

nd the spontaneous feeling shown, which ings, when one day blends into another

Austrians seized the body, which they genuine to the core, must be disso imperceptibly, without a break. They dovelike evening, with a nightingale not

But for me the "datcha," the quiet, banged after a mock trial for treason, ening to those who for eighteen are strangely fascinating. I began by far away, and the lap of the water on the papers unanimonsly call upon the Public indignation is profound, and have tried by every ineans, legal disliking them. It seemed an outrage the rocks. That is where the White nation to avenge this fresh crime of val, to turn the Hellenes from

tional ideals and sympathies.

(Continued on next Column.) Nights" are best of all

Austrian barbarity.

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