1916-08-04 — Page 7

A VISION OF FRANCE. THE SPIRIT OF THE REPUBLIC.

[BY A. G. GARDINER,]

GERMANS. IN S.W. AFRICA.

BRITISH ADMINISTRATOR'S

EVIDENCE.

"Experiences in German South-West Africa

was the title of a lecture de A very brilliant young Englishman,

livered at a dinner of the African Society e of the bright, particular stars of the

at the Hotel Cecil, London, by Lieut.- intellectual Socialist movement, who

Col. 8. M. Pritchard, who was the first joined the ranks at the outbreak of the British Administrator in the newly con war and has throughout refused a com-

quered territory. Mr. W. P. Schreiner, mission on the ground that the non-com-High Commissioner for South Africa, missioned officer is the most valuable presided. person in the Army, said recently that he had made up his mind to live in France after the war. The reason he

In this war,' gave was terse and acid, he said. "France bas discovered her soul. We have discovered that we haven't got Avul I think he did his country an Sojustice. He did not allow for our in- sularity, for the cfect of our thousand Years' immanity from invasion, for the anddonness of the shock, and for the blurring of the issue, not only by the fact of the security of the sea but by the internal confusion and conflict to which that security gave life.

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, AUGUST 4rg, 1916.

WITH THE ITALIAN ARMY WILLING TO DIE IF GERMANY

WERE BEATEN,

WARFARE IN THE CARNIC ALPS.

[BY SIR ANTHUR CONAN DOYLE] (SECUND ARTICLE.)

·THE MORAL OF THE RUSSIAN TROOPS.

· IMPROVEMENT IN ARMY METHODS.

Writing from Russian Headquarters, Kavel front, on June 27th, Mr. Stanley Washburn says:

LIJN

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While the battle is still fiercely raging TJIKINI ...

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FROM

ON OF ABOUT

On on AR00"

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20th Aug.

24th Aug.

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13rd Aug.

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My second day was devoted to a view of the Italian mountain warfare in the Besides the two great Carnic Alps. fronts, one of defence (Trentino) and on Colonel Pritchard said inquiries he had of offence (Isonzo) there are very many made confirmed the reports of the bar smaller valleys which have to be guarded. barous treatment of the natives (includ-The total frontier line is some hundreds ing women and children) captured dur- of mites, and it has all to be held against ing the Heroro Rebellion. It had been raids, if not invacions,

is a most picturesque business. Far assets which Russia has at her disposal

in this crisis and to mention the vast im- * TJITAROEM estimated that the population had been reduced by between 30,000 and 40,000 as up in the Roccolana Valley I found the the result of casualties during the rebel Alpini outposts, backed by artillery,provement which is apparent in her or-

Serious ns- which had been brought into the most ganization compared with that of 1914.

The first consideration is that the head lion and of these atrocities.

General aults on native men and women were wonderful positions. They have taken

Neither side can Alexeieff, early in the Galician campaign matters of daily occurrence, while for 8-inch guns where a tourist could hardly of the Higher Command, the most trivial offence the employer take his knapsack. would send the offender either to the ever make serious progress, but there are clearly proved, as Chief of Staff to Gen- gun, or eral Ivanoff, his extraordinary capacity Commissioner or to the nearest continual duels, gun against

to direct an advance, As commander post to receive 25 Inshes. He had Alpini against Jaeger.

In a little wayside house was the on the Warsaw front he made it evident many cases of natives who had

was that he could, with an army short of all been employed with their families for brigale hendquarters, and here I

a scene that material things, hold until the last mo- numbers of years (in one case for actual entertained to lunch. It was ly 11 years) without receiving any wages. I shall remember. They drank to Eng- ment an enemy equipped with everything. The behaviour of the natives since the land. I raised my glass to Italia irre and then escape the enemy's clutches. At advent of British administration had denta-might it soon be redents. They Vilna he showed his technique by again been good. They had been warned that all sprang to their feet, and the cirolo eluding the enemy.

His great and proven capacity then the war was a white man's war, that they of dark faces flashed into flame. They could take no share in it, and should keep their souls and emotions, these has resulted in the absolute confidence of always treat the white man, whether a people. I trust that ours may not be all groups in the symmetry of Russia's

come atrophied by self-suppression.

greater strategy, each commander will- German or not, with absolute respect.

In some ways the Italians are in 8ingly acting with the assurance that there Protection might be had from the Native difficult position. The war is made by Commissioners. breach of these in-. hort weeks saw her armies shattered by a series of defeats hardly paralleled in his structions on the part of a native was their splendid king, a man of whom

with extraordinary this group, similarly possesses the in- tory. Even in the aidat of that fright-reported to him during his tenure of everyone speaks

office in South-West Africa. He could reverence and love and by the people.plicit confidence of his Army lenders, and ful overthrow, the spirit of Paria was

not say the same for the behaviour The people, with the deep instinct of a both in regard to him and to General true to its tradition. It plunged into a

towards the natives of the German very old civilisation, understand that the Alexeieff the feeling prevails that, what- revolution and swept way the shoddy Im

population.

liberty of the world and their own ever the outcome of the present move- perialism of Napoleon the Little, but

national existence are really at stake.

ment, it is impossible that it could have even in that time it mingled a wild and

a disastrous result in the hands of leaders irresponsible gaiety with its panics and

of such tried capacity. chspairs.

Bint-no

FRANCE IN 1870.

one can see much of France without endorsing his verdict on that Sountry. Among all the miscalculations of The Germans there has been none more fatal than their reading of France. They believed the French would go down before them like a house of cards. That read ing was based on the experience of the War of 1870, whoa France danced out gaily to the ory of a Berlin, and in a few

AND TO DAY.

There is nothing of this tragic levity visible in the France of today.It is the imunense seriousness of its spirit that impress one that and the astonishing absorption in one idea. It is like a people that knows that it is making its Tast stand on turtle, that if it goes down now it goes down finally, never to ries

to reveal it as something new and strange.

Several cases of serious assaults and the shooting of natives were brought to his notice, and investigated before being handed over for action by the police.

Five prominent German farmers who were found guilty of shooting natives were sentenced by a special Court Inst October to periods of imprisonment rang ing from sentences created consternation among the Gorman community; their effect, how- ever, had been salutary.

two to five years.

„EXPEDITIONS TO OVAMBOLAND,__:

While the

Such

DIVERGENT NATIONAL FORCES.

But there are several forces which divide the strength of the nation. There is the clerical, which represents the old Guelph, or German, spirit, looking upon Austria as the eldest daughter of the Church-a daughter who is little eredit to her mother,

will be no bungling higher up.

For Facilostars of Freight and Pamngs, spply to the

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JAVA-CHINA-JAPAN LIJN. Telephone No. 1574,

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LIJN.

General Brusiloff, the commander of NETH. INDIA, MANILA, HONGKONG & SAN FRANCISCO,

s

General Kaledin, the commander of the Army on the Kovel front, is relatively a new figure in important operations At the beginning of the war, as commander of a cavalry division, his universal com petence in all operations committed to Then there is the old nobility.

his care brought him rapid promotion, Finally; there are the commercial peo-until now he is head of this huge Army ple who through the great banks or other Meeting him frequently as a guest, I have come to feel great confidence in this Colonel Pritchard described his expedi fuence and employ of

similar agencies have got into the in

Germans. resolute, quiet man, who is surrounded the tions to the little-known country of again. The imminence of that destrue-Ovamboland, immediately south of the When you consider all this you will ap-by a saber, serious Staff, each officer pick- tion explains the differenen

In view of the knowledge of these three between northern boundary of South-West Africa preciate how necessary it is that Britained for his past performance, In the presence

should in every possible way, moral, and France and England.

This area had never been penetrated by material, sustain the national party dominant personalities involved in the of this overshadowing menace all the the Germans, who dared not enter it, should, hy any evil chance, the others strategy of this movement it is reasonable ordinary issues and controversies of life fearing the hostility of the natives. He gain the upper hand, there might be a to believe that the Russians, whether they shrink to nothing. If France dies, then proceeded into the country accompanied nothing matters. Thut in the thought only by three officers. The difficulties of very sudden and sinister change in the continue to advance, or hold their present that fuses the nation with a single pur-travel by motor-ear were enormous, but Pional situation: Every man who positions, or withdraw, will play their

says or writes a thing which may cards in the best possible way.

I note an infinite improvement since W pose and a passion of sacrifice that seem were successfully got over. The Ovambos

displayed the most friendly attitudes and any way alienale the Italians is last year in the Army. In the first place notI see no troops without rifles, and there when the party reached Ondonga, the really, whether he knows it or residence of the chief, Martin, the later working for the King of Prussia.

These Italians are grand people, strivis no shortage of ammunition apparent. Then there is an extraordinary improve- took no pains to hide his intense dislike ing most efficiently for the common cause, of the Germans and cordially welcomed with all the dreadful disabilities which ment in the organization of the transport the party

is for us to show that we appreciate it.on this front they are moving with less serious fighting between the

confusion than the transport of single arrived the party was at Ondongs, news an absence of coal and iron entails. It In spite of the large volume, of

Justice, as well as policy, demands it. vakuanyania" tribe of the Ovambo na

The last day spent upon the Italian corps entailed two years ago. The com- on and the Portuguese. After hostili-

pact organization of munition columns was, in the Trentino. front

From ties had ceased Colonel Pritchard visited Verona a motor drive of about 25 miles speeded up communications fully 50 per the headquarters of the Portuguese Ex-

and the absence of wasted time, have peditionary Force, where he was received and past a place of

takes one up the valley of the recent, enabling three units to be moved with the utmost cordiality, and a very Austrians the field of Rivoli. As one

Bugury for

as easily as two last year useful provincial agreement was entered

The transport has been further improved into between him and the Portuguese on their left wing the Italians have pos Staff organisation is incomparably better!

passes up the valley one appreciates that by the addition of motor vehicles. Commandant with regard to the houndtion after position in the spurs of thethan at the beginning of the war, and I ary line, which had long been in dispute. mountains before they could be driven have not seen a single staff on this front

On his return to Windhuk Colonel into the plain. If the Austrians could Pritchard conveyed to the Government reach the plain it would be to their own the desire of the chiefs that government ruin, for the Italians have large reserves. should be established in the country. There is no need for any anxiety about His recommendations were accepted by the Trentino, the Government, and last November he

I bad heard that the Italians were a led a second expedition to Ovamboland, taking with him the officers selected for this part of Italy. As I approached the nervous people. It does not apply to the administration and also the first in danger spot I saw rows of large fat gen famine having arisen owing to droughting against walls in the sunshine. The stalment of relief supplies serious tlemen with long thin black cigars lean and to the natives being cut off from general atmosphere would have steadied outside help through the war,

herself in this quarter. Finally, after an epileptie. Italy is perfectly sure of long drive of winding gradients, always beside the Adige, we reached Ala, where we interviewed the commander of the sector, a man who has done splendid work during the recent fighting.

It is not new and strange. It is the old France of the Revolution blazing out with a purer fire and the saine devotion to the great humane ideas of which it has always been the chivalrous torch bearer.

What strikes one is the calmness and practical genius that are mixed with this intensity We are accustomed to regard tu French as excitable and emotional, impatient of government, disruptive and volcanic. What we have not sufficiently recognised is that passion of patriotism which is their central motive and which the time of peril resolves all these discurds into one harmony, and that clearness of vision which makes them the nest realistic neople in Europe. It is these qualities that are dominant to-day. They are visible even in the external life alike of Paris and of the country- side. The note everywhere is a certain of a people quietude and restraint, as masters of themselves but absorbed in

PARIS IN WAR-TIME,

one tyrannic precoccupation. To the casual eye Paris-to-day is little different from the Paris of yesteryear. There are crowds in the sunlit streets, tho-cafes are thronged at mid day, and in the evening ti children play in the Champs Elysees while their nurses or their parents sit on the seats in the shade of the trees. You cannot fail to mark the absence of young man civilian gath, the large propor tion of women in black, and the abund ance of travel-stained soldiers in the zard wil Holmets and long copts. The aute in dress, too, is. singularly sober. There is far less finery to-day in Paris, the home of fashions, than in London, and evening dress is no longer good form either in private or in public. But super ficially the changes are amall, and at night the city is certainly much better lighted than London.

..

Ainore intimate acquaintance, how

this surface

Any success attained by his expedition was largely a result of British prestige Many years Ago Englishmen had travelled through the country, and in variably appeared to have trented the natives with fairness and justice. word Englishman" might in fact be said to have been in the Ovambo voerbu- lary for some time past, its meaning being. A white man in the best sense of the expression.

ATTITUDE OF ROUMANIA.

RESULT OF THE RUSSIAN OFFENSIVE.

The

By all means you can see my front, and others may be hit beside you." But no motor car, please. It draws fire, We proceeded on foot therefore along a valley which branched at the end into two passes. In both very active fight ing had been going on, and as we came up the guns were baying merrily, waking up most extraordinary echoes in the hills, It was difficult to believe that it was not thunder..

„ONE VOICE OF THE MOUNTAIN. -

The

which is not entirely competent. The system of transporting the wounded has been well organised, and vast numbers are being cleared from the front stations without confusion of congestion.

Finally, the moral of the Army has hospitals which I inspected with the reached an unexampled pitch, In the General many of the wounded, even those asking if the trenches were taken, and ear death, called for news of the front, laying that they were willing to die of sentiments typify the extent to which this the Germans were only beaten. conflict is now rooted in the hearts of the Russian people.-Times,

Buch

the whole, however, it may be said that in the Austro-Italian war there is no- thing which corresponds with the extreme bitterness of our western conflict,

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ever, will discover bentration of energy Zurich correspondent of the Nieuwe Rut- broke out from time to time in the moun- long time to make any real impresion. THE

MECHANICAL ENGINEERS.

ELECTRIC SYSTEMS.

1963

AND

Nothing could be more cool or methodi cal than the Italian arrangements on the Trentino front. There are no troops who would not have been forced back by the Austrian fire. It corresponded with the French experience at Verdun, or ours It may An illuminating analysis of the pro

at the second battle of Ypres. well occur again if the Austrians get sent situation in and the attitude of Roumania is given in a despatch from the There was one terrible voice that their guns forward.S

But, at such a rate, it would take them

TAIKOO DOCKYARD terdamsche Courant ;- as remote from the traditional Paris BB saything that can be imagined. It is "It was to be expected," he writes, Roman Empire. When it came all other One cannot look at the officers and men

AND ENGINEERING CO. OF HONGKONG, LTD. working at white heat, with an economy that the results of the Russian offensive sounds died down into nothing. It was without seeing that their spirit and con-

TAIKOO DOCKYARD. HONGKONG. uf effort an absence of friction and a would have an influence on the warlike was told the master gun, the ast fidence are high. In answer to my in- common purpose that offer a startling feeling of part of the Roumanian people. 42-centimetre giant which brought down quiry they assure me that there is little the pride of Liege and Namur The difference between the troops of the

BOILERMAKERS, BRASS comment on the French character. The The facts speak for themselves, Under Austrians have brought ane or more from northern provinces and use of the SHIPBUILDERS SALVORS AND REPAIRERS, logical genius of the people has in this the leadership of Take Jonescu, the heads Innsbruck.

south. Even among the snows of the AND IRON FOUNDRES, CONSTRUCTIONAL, ELECTRICAL AND energency been a factor of extraordinary of the different Interventionist Groups

Italians assure me, however, as we have Alpe they tell me that the Sicilians gave influence. It gives all their methods a were assembled at dinner to proclaim the ourselves discovered, that in trench work an excellent account of themselves. certain lucidity and directness that are unification of parties, and to arrange a beyond certain point the size of the That night found me back at Verous, WELDING AND CUTTING OF METALS BY OXY-ACETYLENE

and next morning I was on my way to intellectually satisfying and practically uniform programme of setion. All these gun makes little matter, triumphant. We have not been accustom leaders returned their various orders and We passed a burst dug-out by the road-Paris, where I hope to be privileged to d to regard the French as an organising decorations to the German and Austrian side, where a tragedy had occurred re-have some experiences at the front of our people, but the organisation of France Governments, thereby openly taking the cently eight medical officers were killed splendid Allies.

I leave Italy with a deep feeling of to-day is a miracle of efficiency, and sim-side of the Entente. In the last few in it by a single shell. There was no plicity. It is that simplicity which weeks their organ has conducted a furi- particular danger in the valley, however, gratitude for the kindness shown to me, strikes one as so strange. It is as though ous campaign against the German dan and the aimed fire was all going across and of admiration for the way in which the vision is swift and sure, and the ger on the throne, and a still more us to the fighting lines in the two passes they are playing their part in the world's path to accomplishment straight and up- which has sold itself to Germany It of Buello, has seen some of the worst economic and political. But, in spite of

furious one against the Government above us. That to the right, the Valley fight for freedom.

They have every possible disadvantage, impeded.

is specially significant that these pole of the fighting. These two passes form mics are carried on by academic civiliana the Italian left wing, which has held firm it, they have done splendidly." THREE PATENT SLIPWAYS taking vossola up to 8,000- tous diapanmanian provkiing It is this practical genius that is largely and other intellectuals of great influence all through. So has the right wing. It thousand square kilometres of

enemy's country is already in their pos- sonditions för painting chẳng with mori affriesi peružba, The secret of the astonishing productive- The attitude of the Roumanian Gov- is only the centre which has been pushed session. They relieve to a very great 100Ton ELECTRIC GRAND ON QUAY ELECTRIC OVERHEAD CRANES ness of France, in the face of enormous erament towards this expression of feel-in by the concentrated fire.

throughout the Shore ranging to 100 Tans andicaps its coal and its iron in the ing is very careful. It knows the move.

When we arrived at the spot where the extent the pressure upon the Bussians, hands of the enemy, and its raw material meat has a strong interior force, and a

two valleys: forked we were halted, and who, in spite of all their bravery, might 50-Ton Hydrantis TESTING MACHINE for Chaina, Wire Rope, Elvels, che,

have been overwhelmed last summer dur- AawsS. FOR- having to be brought overseas, chiefly still stronger influence on the opinion of advance trenches which lay upon the for the diversion of so many Austrian

we were not permitted to advance to the

ing the durch brach," had it not been JOHN 1. THORNYGROFT & 00., LTD. from England.

the people generally. It is not to be But that genius alone would be value denied that this feeling, which increases yards between the adversaries.

creats above us. There was about 10 troops The time has come now when less if it had not behind it the driving in strength every day, is due to the untir power of a people of one heart and one ing work of Jonesen, and the Govern of the bravery of the Hungarians and of repaying her debt. But the debt is Italians speak with chivalrous praia Russia, by her advance on the Pripet, is mind, at peace withi itself, prodigal of ment 'ress confines itself to advising bim the Austrian Jueger, Bome of their common to all the Allies. Let them bear sacrifice, purged of the mutual suspi- to be careful not to drive the agitation proceedings disgust them, however, and done by slighting criticism and by incon- it. in mind. There has been mischief eons and distrusts of normal times.... too far, and not to bring the Government especially the fact that they use Russian The work of the French women will make into political differences with the Central prisoners to dig trenches under fire hand-grasp of congratulation is what siderate words. A warm symoaibstic one of the most remarkable chapters in Powers. But that is all, and it is fore There is no doubt of this, as some of the Italy hus deserved, and it is both justice the history of that national uprising seen that it will not be very long before men were recaptured, and were sent on and policy to give it. which renders the example of France so M. Bratianu will indeed be placed be to join their comrades in France. On thrilling a theme in these days-Daily fore: such difficultica."

(Continued on next Column.) News.

the

Copyright. 1918, by A. Conan Doyle in the United States of America.]

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