1916-07-17 — Page 7

METHODS OF WARFARE. THE RETURN OF THE MIDDLE" AGES.

ARE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY JULY 17TH 1916,

GERMAN NAVAL LOSSES.

FLAGSHIP REPORTED SUNK.

EMPIRE ORGANIZATION,

SIR GEORGE FOSTER'S PLEA FOR ACTION.

Sir George Foster, the newly-appointed representative of the British Government to the Paris Economic Conference, won his way to public life from a university professorship in his native province of New Brunswick 30 odd years ago, as an advocate of prohibition. It is 26 years since he became known in Imperial affairs by advocating trade preference at the first Inter-Colonial Conference,

HATRED OF ENGLAND. THE KAISER'S REAL FEELING. The stenographic report of the debate in the German Reichstag on the Naval OLD. IDEAS IMPROVED UPON,

Estimates contains the following hither

No one in Holland believes that the Could the hosts who fought in Flanderst unreported passage in a speech deli German Admiralty's list of lost ships is centuris, age look down upon the scene vored by the Radical depaty, Hers complete, and when the fate of the

Waldstein:

Larion and the Rostock was announced of their battles, they would miss little

Those of us who live on the coast of it was immediately suspected that these except the bow. One can not include even the arrow, for we drop that now the North Sea are terrified when we re tardy revelations were intended to con adays from aeroplanes. The editor of fleet what would have happened if Heliceal further losses, says The Times special The Engineering Record (New York), goland had remained in the possession of correspondent in Amsterdam. We have who writes on Medieval Revival in War the British, and had been at the ontbreak now stated the extent of our losses and We the German Admiralty: if we did not fare, suggests that it is rather remark of war an English fortified place able the the how bay not yet appeared think with gratitude of the German to so before it was because we kept reasons." The on the firing line. It may even do so statesman (Caprivi), who, by conclud silence for military

Sir George arrived in England last vet, for, as this writer way, it mighting the agreement whereby Heligoland Dutch, who are shrewd people, suspected

was handed over to us by the British, at once that this sudden burst of frank-month his visit having been arranged prove a weapon not to be despised in transformed that island into the most repelling a night ninck where general effective protection for the coast of What these rensons are is now fairly evi- Canadian Minister of Trade and Com ness was also due to military reasons, mainly in connection with his work as directing is about the only thing to be

munication, Seen at the week-end, be hoped for in the way of aim, We may A monument to Caprivi ought to

pointed out that it would be obviously On the defensive side the steel headscription, To the Protector of the Ger-

impossible for him to discuss in advance Zanzibar nor any other possession in ina Coast."

Neither the possession of

issues that may be opened up at the Paris Conferener made a strong plea for taking advantage But in conversation be Africa could have been worth to Ger

of the present opportunity to strengthen daring this war. Again I say, honour what Heligolaad has been worth

the organization of the Empire to to the memory of Caprivi.

abandon the old policy of laissez juire, and to use the best brains of all parta scheme of greater unity. of the British Dominions to evolve a

reat:---

dent be erted on Heligoland with the ins

many

The Deutsche Rundschau, commenting of gratitude, claims the longur ut on Herr Waldstein's-fervent expression credit for the Heligoland exchange for the Kair

There is excellent remon to believe that the Ostfriesland, a vessel, of 22,300 piere has reappeared in the trenches

tons and the flagship of the first squad ron, is among the lost German vessels, after me than two hundred years of

and that the Germans are. Using disse. It is rather better-made, con- sidering want is required of it, than the

conceal this exceedingly painful fact. artifice known to their Press Bureau to old pattern and shyes. Diany head from being broken by shrapnel-ballets,

Suspicion was aroused yesterday by a which it easily turns. In fact, it is re-

long description of the battle in various ported to deflect successfully bullets

stated to have witnessed the fight from German papers by a subordinate officer travelling 25500 feet per secondižon amore. Ordinarily speaking, such a projectile

the Ostfriesland. The Fussische Lokalun- sriger and other journals gave a promin, would

and penetrate at short range a half- Srch of boiler-iron very easily if it struck.

It is absurd (eelares the Pan-Germanence to this narrative which would have aquarely point on, but the modern bulgan) to praise Caprivi for a matter in aroused suspicion in the minds of the det, having a long and tapering point to

which he was merely the instrament. It nest artless, Anyone acquainted with: decrease the air resistance is fairly gie value of Heligoland and initiated the

was William II, who foresaw the strat the ways of the German Press could see

at a glance, that thy publication - was | easily turned aside if it strike at an angle, is likely to be the case, a well-egotiations which led to its acquisition made with a purpose. That purpose, shaped head-pipe. Except for

by Germany. i was our Kaiser who,

there can be no doubt, is by giving great grat penetrating, power

promincner to the Ustfriesland to ron- should that respect, as in regard to the necesvince the world that she is safe and of arms will have been followed by the doubtles have hely-armour as well; infutitre with wonderful clarity of vision powerful navy, foresaw the sity of

sound.. That this is not the case is as is partially taken by small, loopholed most effectively served the interesis of fact, it being tried in Italy. Its place and took in good fins the measures which certain as anything can reasonably is in

the circumstancės. sie shields, behind which a rifleman can

the German people, work his way forward with a fair degree sofiniquity from hits.

We

this

useful item in defence is the trench Another very periscope, of which divers patterns may be found advertised in the foreign papers. It is a simple combination of mirrors very useful for looking over a parapes, either directly or with a pair of binoculars, the mirrors being made large enough to permit the latter use. Old Horebus, who flourished, about 1850, might well smile to see his polemoscope put to such good use. This instrument, on which he at great value, was quite exactly the same thing, except that it was cogcbined with a single barreled

pera glass

Its modern form is merely better made and gives a bigger fickl

wen

At

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I can understand the attitude of those who say, Let us get on with the war and not dissipate our energies on anything else he said. But what is gaing to happen if we leave this matter until the bells of penco are sounded 7. Are we to say to the world,We will wa year to settle our Imperial economie policy under these new condi tions? Before that year is up, the war NETH. INDIA, war of trade, and great opportunities will have been lost that can never be regained..........

Wit

Ohne

The crew of the Dutch strani trawler

Why not let the representatives of A quarter of a century ago the Kaiser Barendez, which has returned to Ymuiden the Empire meet together to talk over his insight, that England was our enemy. felt instinctively, and knew by virtue of from Cuxhaven, heard from German

the situation and decide on the necessary sailors at that-port that four big. Ger- I developments now ? They would come land betimes. It may be said with truth May 31st in bodeg. 18min. N., deg. 15min. conditions, and with one desire to meet and that we must prepare to fight Eng man ships were lost and that two were at for controversy and not for the ad- that the Kaiser, despite temporary aber-

missing. This Trawler. was fishing 911 vocacy of old theories, but facing new rations, has been a bater of England, when at 12.33 mid-day a cruiser them. The realities of the war may well since his earliest manhood; all credit to steamed round her and departed, him for that, and such aberrations as 1.30, or thereabouts, German torpedo all sides we find a new temper amig

prevent mer partisan controversy. were noted from time to time, with re-

boat seat men board to scarel the aur people. There is a willingness to Bility of concealing from the perfidious go to Caslaaven. A member of the crew, allow nothing to bar the way to accept- gret, were doubtless due to the desira trawler, which was thereafter ordered to recarsider old views, eagerness to English his feelings towards them. That who told me his story, said that theying the best for the whole Empire. was fighting them with their own

arrived at Cuxhaven at 12.30 mid-day on June Ist. That same evening they ons-Wireless Press

heard that four great German ships were lost and that two were missing.

The crew of the Barends were not allowed to leave their vessel while at Cuxhaven,

After the battle (o which they saw nothing) Cuxhaven was lavishly being ged, but the feeling there is very depressed and there is no longer any enthusiasm.. Even the appearance of a German cruiser steaming into port bedecked with flags and with its band playing failed to make any impression. Sailors in Cuxhaven mentioned that in addition to the six big destroyers were lost-Es many as 17 were ships referred to many torpedo-bouts and

M.P.'S EXPERIENCES AS A TOMMY.

ARMY IN FLANDERS STILL

The barbed wire entanglement is sub- stantially the old abatis improvel in structure. A fangle of barbed wire is certainly better than a small tree with

SWEARS TERRIBLY:" its limbs carefully sharpened and turned point forward to the ceny, particular Corporal Legs Smith, M.P., the junior ly if a wire is thoughtfully painted member for Northampton, is now serving green, as in some large shipments recent-in France. In an interesting letter to a ly, so as to make it less conspicunts, constituent he gives some advice to the In the same connection one must not older men soon to be called up. forget the pits with sharp stakes driven writes: I imagine I was as much accus

He At the bottom, and the amiable caltrops tomed to comfort and as little adapted those four pointed from affairs which, to this life as any one of them; but I thrown on the ground, always stand have found one thing, that nothing bas with ois point up. The old ones, to he

been so unpleasant or difficult as I ex sure, were of roughly forged iron, while pected before I had to do it. Everything echnical skill has now benevolently pre-depends upon the spirit in which one vided caltrops of stamped steel with takes it all. If a man, although he is viciously sharp edges and points adapted elderly, makes up his mind that it is a in the same old work. The water-filled discipline through which he has to go wont is not part of held-fortifications cheerfully, he will find he can do it. now, but its place is well supplied by some ways the elderly man has the ad the desperate defence organised along vantage over the young ones, for if he canal and the old tactics of flooding the has less strength of body he ought to have

untry to drown the foe."

acquired more strength of spirit. I do not say that this is a happy life, be cause it is not, but the unhappiness does not arise from its hardships, but from the fact that we are all homesick."

WEAPONS OF OFFENCE. When it comes to offence, our author Sinds that modern ingenuity has made use of medieval precedents to an extent that is really astonishing He says:- First to the front comes clattering down through the centuries the Roman cala pult, the spring-engine invaluable for boving stones in attack or défence. · It was used all through the middle ages until temporarily driven out by cannon, and has once inore appeared here and there in the trenches,' just as serviceable

i

Long ago someone said the British swore terribly in Flanders, and judging. by Corporal Lees Smith's letter there has been no weakening in expression with the eflux of time. I am afraid that those who are soon to be called up will have a rude shock the language of the Army," he writes. It is no use heating about

stated to have gone do hordinate

*The story by a

officer

OBJECT OF THE GERMAN FLEET.

One task to be faced is to create an 9gn that will express with authority the voice of the Empire as a whole.

here is no one body at present to do it.. Take.

for example, the forthcoming Economic Conference. Negotiations are aturally conducted through the Im perial Government, but the Imperial. Government in economic matters re presents only the United Kingdom, and its decisions do not bind the Dominions. In this case the Dominions are honoured and recognized by appointing two Minis ters therefrom us British delegates. Other eaves might be met by the Imperial Government obtaining the Dominion Ministries, by advante, com- menications, before entering upon nego- tiations. But obviously all these are special arrangements that have 1 be made to meet an anomalous situation.

views of

of the, Ostfriesland referred to in the telegram from our Special Correspondent at Amsterdam (writes The Times) ap pears in one form as an interview by the Berlin correspondent of the Nire Rot- become more and more so. We all want We are inter-dependent and most terdamsche. Courant with a midshipman, to co-operate with each other and to aid. who is represented as saying, I was each other. The spirit is there. Domin observer on the mainmast of the effries-ion calls to Dominion, and Dominions land." The midshipman's story as given stretch out their hands to the Mother by Renter's correspondent contains little land. We want the organization to-day of note. The point of the narrative is that will mobilize this spirit of co-opera the statement. "The Ostfriesland did not tion to the fall, and that will enable us. receive a single hit."

to face the practical problems of Empire -trade, communications, and defence -- not by temporary expedients, but with method, plan, foresight. There are difi culties in the way of creating such an organization. But if we could come together in round-table conference we might solve many if not all of the diffi culties. We have not done this yet.

Canada has given the best evidence. of what it thinks of the closer trade For 18 years we have given preference within the Em- pire, a reduction of one-third in import duties, which applies to-day to every part except Australia. We have been unable vet because the various changes in Gov- to establish preference with Australia 15 ernment thero have not given us the l Opportunity. Two years ago we estab lished a wide arrangement of preferener with the West Indies, which has worked so far, I think I may say, with the

Io Canada wa look for the extension

TO SEND OUT COMMERCE RAIDERS,

An interesting fact has just come to

the bush the volume and virulence' of light as to the German Aamiralty's in-relations of the Empire.

tentious in connection with the naval battle of May 31st.

as when Casar's legions used it with less the swearing, at any rate out here, are dangerous projectiles. Indeed, it and simply appalling. There is so much of ximilare grapes are singularly capit that it ceases to mean anything. Men venient when the anges draw within out here introduce an oath or two into.

A large number of very fast commerce that which can be conveniently managed each sentence merely by force of hahit, destroyers were convoyed by the German by as ordinary mortar. The German and without intending to convey any

battle flest on the night preceding the fire throwing machine, too come of an meaning whatever. The habit is very in-

battle, the intention being to evate the ancient and honourable linenge going festions. One of my fellow corporak, British Grand Fleet during the fighting, back to the days when the besieged who in private life is quite a weighty which, probably, was not intended to dansed the enemy with boiling oil and and dignited headmaster of a large amount to a general engagement. burning pitch. It is a very simple school, told me yesterday that he found

The Germans wished to give their comi device this flame-projector merely tank filled with petral under a pressure habit, and was, in fact, succumbing to it.

ait very difficult to avoid catching the mere raiders the opportunity to repeat the exploits of the Endent and the of several hundred pounds per square The army at present is made up chiefly Mowe. In this there is every reason to inch, and provided with a suitable long of quile young men, very impressionable few, if any of the ships destined tor that

John

believe that they badly failed and that uzzle from which the liquid, inflamed by an electric spark it leaves the tube,

to habits good or bad, who, without any. che directed in anent stream, inte malice, pick up without thinking the purpose returned to port-Tinier

language which they find around them. will retain the civilised language of I hope the older men who are coming in civilian life.

the enemy's trenches over a distance of a hundred fest or so. Had petrol beer available five hundred years ago it

would have been welconted for similar use ou Diany

castle rampart. Even the horn, spreading poisonous

lay gases, cannot- elaim to high novelty, since it is a direct descendant of the Chinese stinkpot, which goes back to unknown centuries. The wholesale use of deadly gases poured from the trenches and borne by the wind ngainst the enemy seems, however, to be an innovation--a refinement perhaps, of the old scheme of smoking, the enemy out, tried in many a medieval siege.

TRE GRENADE - REVIVED.

Studying missile weepous a little für ther the writer finds reversion to dendly scheries foreshadowed, at least, in tho

design finds ancient prototypes in the armouries of Europe, and, domy enougo, even the sliding, stock of the rupy breech-action may be found in a piece of the sixteenti ventury: in the VBörlin Arsenal. The old-tune arms-maker was

MR. HUGHES OXFORD.

DEGREE.

utmost advantage for both countries.

of this system of inter-preference, and we will be disappointed if it does not

come."

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BUTTERFIELD & SWIBE. TELEPROSE No. 36.

NEW ZEALAND COMPULSION BILL THE TAIKOO

PASSED.

Amendments to the Compulsion Bill. THE PUBLIC ORATOR ON HIS exempting the Maoris and extending the

SERVICES.

date after which men marrying are to be deemed single from the declaration | of war to May 1st, 1915; were carried in the New Zealand Parliament last month. An amendment exempting religious ob-

The third reading was carriel by 44

In a Convocation held in the beautiful far less deficient in inventive ingenuity old Divinity School at Oxford, filled with than in means of execution. Mine, senior members of the University and jeators was rejected.. countermine, and petard, ali have their ladies under-graduates, except for a modern equivalents, reinforced by gun sprinkling of Indians, being conspicuous votes to four and members joined in cotton and trinitrotoluol, but used with by their absenco Oxford gave Mr singing the National Anthem. no more desperate courage now than in Hughes, the Australian Premier, the best the Thirty Years' War.

Even the familiar scheme of screening guns and men. by carefully placed ichage norks back to the time when Birnam Wood came to Dunsinane. In adrout concealment, however, the war widely utilised an improvement which is strictly of modern origin: the painting of ships, guns, and even men, in atreaks and spots of varied colours, so that they are quite lost in the shitting light over either

TÓ SUFFER OR NOT TO SUFFER.

ORIENTAL BALM has forever banished There is only one answer. LITTLE'S

the need to suffer, Rheumatism, swollen,

Strong, Dean of Christ Church, the Vice war welcome she can nowadays. Dr. wars of the middle ages. The hand

Chancellor, whose guest Mr. Hughes was grenade, for generations a favourite

presided, and Mr. Hughes was presented short-range weapon, his once more come

for the honorary degree of Doctor of into its own. Vastly more effective sun

Civil Law by Mr. A. D. Godley, M.A., crude bomb of former days, it takes

Magdalen College, the Public Orator, the various forms, sometimes thrown direct

with the castomary Latin speech. Is sometimes lashed to the end of stick, and yet again delivered by some

was every day being bound more closely unbearable aches and prins disappear at The Public Orator said that England painful joints, weakened muscles the most rude kind of sling. To quote further

It is only fair to note that, the This origin, men her, their states remedy,

to her distant provinces. Their young the soothing touch of this renowned of these theorful innovations has been in recent investigations of protective men, like Mr. Hughes, assisting at her met by improved trenches, deeper and coloration in certain animals, which councils. Opportunissimo tempore menti

Just rab In narrower than of yore, and, when fea- nature has provided with spots and illi pugnantibus, hic quem zuletis con- sible, partly roofed over so that popping streaks that blend so perfectly with the siliantibus adest, ita cims et anctus ich a bomb into them is much like trying to creature's wonted surroundings as snap a nickel into a slot machine.. render it almost invisible at a short die Born in Wales, he had carried to Austra partis melius agal dubitari potest: Similarly, the modern trench is more

tance. Here increasing knowledge of lia the eloquence of his race and liberally provided with traverses, or their equivalent, than were those in the art of war with a radically new party leader, he had never forgotten the which Uncle Toby, valorously served, sa

device. All in all, it is rather remark advantage that even when a shell drons into the able to discover how the close-range partium in republica, ductor ut com-

of the whole State, slot it very likely will disable no more trench warfare of the present has brought munis utilitatis numquam sit oblitus than two or three men. The mitrailleuse back means of destruction altogether and as a Labour leader he had always again, however clever its mechanical similar to those of the ferocious hand-to-had an eye to the well being of the Com

(Continued on next Column.}

hand struggles of the raiddle ages. monwealth and Empire as whole.

to

utras

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manent cures are effected in a short time Relief is obtained immediately and per-

Hundreds of clans rheumatism have as hopeless

forgot it, too forgotten who sange You can

Sold at 18. 4d. per bottle,

the conditions of visibility has enriched perfervidum. Celtarum ingenium cures where the case has been given up

to

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FALEPRONI No. 113