1916-06-23 — Page 6

NORTH SEA

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRF98, FRIDAY, JUNE 23RD, 1916.

HEUPORT

"In deference to the Military Authorities

DIXMUDE

this illustration doen not represent the ex- act position of the

Y.M.C.A.

Y.M.C.A. Buildings.

FRANCE

ARMENTIERES

BETHONE

scump ők about 5,000 soldiers for the fast

LA BASSEE

600$

LILLE

LEN

SOUCHE GIVENCH

ARRAS

ALBERT

willguinto

£125

ONE new bildfing serving

THREE MONTHS.

£250

will buy a comptats canvas equipv ment At ten-t`100 urn immediely required for the Sprine and Summer camps at home and abroad,

£450-600

wist furnishy and equip a now Y.M.Q.AZ kut In Britain or Prints according tosize:.

To those who cannot maintain

a Complete Building.

For avery one who can maintain u complete Imüdingthere are hundreds and thousands who will ortcem it a privilege to help in smaller

Any abription, however

will be of value in this truly national work, and will be gratefully soknow. ledged

R. SOMME

Exeter Falmer & Co

Kiko kahira ferebang at the tant

NAPIER JOHNSTONE'S

"SQUARE BOTTLE”

WHISKY.

UNVARIED FOR OVER

150 YEARS.

THE SAME TO-DAY AS IN 1745.

BEWARE

OF

IMITATIONS.

SULE AGENTS IN 80NGKU`G!

LANE, CRAWFORD & CO.,

and from AZZ WINE MBROHARIN

CHAPOTEAUTS

MORRHUOL

Superior to Emulsions or Cod Liver. cil.

Each tiny Morrhuo! capsule re- prosents the medicinal value of a Teaspoonful of ot

Recommanded at the Paris Aca demy of Medicine, for loss of

appetite and flesh, to patients with

consumptive tendencies.

Bold in bottles of 100 Capsules. 晟alty程 老 款

This Line is the

Bulwark of England

IT is protecting your home. What will you

do for the men in the trenches who, at the peril of their lives, are fighting your battles? Already some scores of Y.M.C.A. buildings are making life happier for our men. But thousands of others of our brave troops are doing without." Shall they continue to do without" while you can help?

Will you give a new building to-day, or maintain one for a short period?

A. V.M.CA, Divisional Secretary in France writes:- "We are making the conditions far more comfortable for the men who would have had to spend many hours, weury waiting out in the cold and wet had we not. been here. Our room was packed to overflowing with men straight out of the trenches covered with mud, as only men in the trenches can be covered. By the time they had reached here any of the bad tramped several iniles and were quite exhausted. To find somewhere in which hot drinks and food could be procured in the raiddle of the night was a haven gludly welcornel; it is surprising whore inen can sleep when exhausted such as we see them.”

Donations may be sent to-

c/o

** The Hongkong Daily Press” Office,

LOA, Des Vœux Road,

Ᏼ Ꭼ Ꭼ Ꭱ !

LAGER BEER!

H

BREWERAL

TALLORO-

LAGER BLEA

Hongkong

NOTHING IS MORE EMBAR- RASSING THAN EXTREME THINNESS.

It is the plump, well-developed man who cuts the melons" and has the fan socially.

Scrawny, skinny people are seldom popular. We all admire fine figures. No dressmaker can hide a bony; skinny

form..

PREEDOM OF THE SEAS.

MR. BALFOUR ON THE GERMAN IDEAL.

-OUR COMMON INTEREST WITH AMERICA..

For some time it would probably proceed on legal lines. Commerce, even hostile commerce, would be unhampered. But a change might happen. Some unforeseen circumstance might make the German General Staff think it to be to the interest. of its nation to cast to the winds the freedom of the sens," and in defiance of the new law to destroy the trade of its enemies.

SPRINGING MINES AT SOUCHEZ.

AN INCIDENT ON OUR 90-MILE FRONT.

The Special correspondent of The Could anybody suggest, after our ex- Tines, writing on May 4th, says: -You The following statement was made perience in his war, after reading Ger-will have read in the communiqué how by Mr. Balfour in a recent interview Finan, histories and German theories of

national treaties to which she was &

She would never hesitate and to see the operation thus described under

party the only result of the cession by the pací fic Powers of their maritime rights would be that the military Powers would seize the weapon for their own purpose and turn it against those who bad too hastily abandoned it.

unusually favourable conditions.

You must imagine yourself to be with" me on a picee of rising ground, looking through a peephole in a ruined and broken wall. Below lies an almost level country,"

with Mr. Edward Marshall, the well-politics, that Germany would be pro- yesterday we exploded mines in tho vented from taking such a stop by the cremy's trenches at Sonchez and followed known American journalist, for pub-mere fact that it was a breach of inter-it up with a bombardment. I happened. lication in the United States. The phrase "freedom of the seas" is naturally attractive to British and American ears. For the extension of freedom into all departments of life and over the whole world has been one of the chief aspirations of the English-speaking peoples, and efforts towards that end have formed no snail part of their con- tribution to civilization. But "free dom is a word of many meanings; and we shall do well to consider in what meaning the Germans use it when they ask for it not fit may be safely sail) heca 18 they love freedom, but because they hate Britain."

INTERNATIONAL LAW AND AUTHORITY.

Thus we are forced to the sorrowful with the ruins of two villages in the near recognition of the weakness of inter-distance and a patch of woodland, ap- national law so long as it is unsupported parently some 200 or 300 yards in length. by international authority, .**.*

Two or three high roads cut diagonally

While this state of things is permitted across the country in straight lines, their to endure, drastic changes in intercourses marked by what were once fine national law well may do more harm avenues of trees but are now mere skele than good; for if the new rules should ton lines of battered and leafless trunks, About the freedom of the seas in involve serious limitations of belligerent The nearer of the ruined villages and the one sense we are all agreed. England Powers, they would be broken as soon as patch of woodland are in our lines; the ant Holland fought for it in times gone it quited, the interests of the aggressor; further village is occupied by the enemy. by. To their success the United States and his victim would be helpless. No In the further distance, where the lines may be said to owe its very existence. thing could be more disastrous. It is are so close together that this section hay For if, 300 years ago, the maritime claims bad that law should be defied. It is far seen, perhaps, as much hand grenade of Spain and Portugal had been admit worse that it should injure the well-dis-fighting as any part of the front, it is ted, whatever else North America might posed. Yet this is what would inevit impossible to tell which lines are Ger- have heen, it would not have been Eng-ably happen, since law unsupported by man and which British. lish-speaking. It neither would have em authority will hamper everybody but the. ployed the language, nor obeyed the laws, criminal. nor enjoyed the institutions which, in

Here we come face to face with the the last analysis, are of British origin.

great problem which lies behind all the But the freedom of the seas" desired changing aspects of this tremendous war, by the modern German is a very different When it is brought to an end, how is thing from the freedom for which our civilized mankind so to reorganize itself forefathers fought in days of old. How,that similar catastrophes shall not be indeed, can it be otherwise? The most permitted to recur? simple-minded must feel suspicious when they find that these missionaries of mari- time freedom are the very same persons

who preach and who practise upon the land the extremest doctrines of military absolutism.

THE GERMAN IDEAL Ever since the genius of Bismarck created the German Empire by Prussian rines, welding the Geraan peopis into a great any by military means, on s mintary basis, German amotions have DQ toe entire been a cause of unrest world. Lommercial and political domi- nation, depending upon a gigantic Army

autocratically governed, bas eeen and the German idesi.`

If, then, Germany wants what she calls the freedom of tay seas, it is solely as means whereby this zu may receive ot world-wide extension, The power Napoleon never extended beyond the coast ane of Europe. Further progress was barred by the British Hects, and by them atons. Germany is determined to endure no such imitations; and if the canuot defeat bor enemies at sea, at least she will paralyse their sea power.

There is a characteristic simplicity in the methods by which she sets about at taining this object. She poses as 2 re former ut international law, though international law has never bound her for an kour. She objects to "economic pressure when it is exercised by a fleet, though she sets no limit to the brutal completeness with which economic pres- sure may be imposed by an army. She sighs over the suffering which war im poses upon peaceful commerce, though ner own methods of dealing with peace ful commerce would have wrung the conscience of Captain Kidd. She de nounces the maritime methods of the Allies, though in her efforts to defeat them suc is deterred neither by the rules

AMERICAN AND BRITISH CO-OPERATION,

The problem is insistent, though its Jull solution may be beyond our powers at this stage of our development, But sure ly even now, it is fairly clear that if substantial progress is to be made toward securing the pence of the world and free development of its constituent nations, the United States of America and the British Empire should explicitly recognize, what all instinctively know, that on these great subjects they share a common ideal.

There is not a movement to be seen. Somewhere behind us a large British howitzer, which we have come to speak of as Peter." bursts into a periode visibly over us to explode far off in the roar, and a great shell goes hurtling in- enemy's country on our left. Now and again other guns make remarks, but in a perfunctory way, while somewhere over- head an aeroplane is droning in the sky. Tt is towards the end of a hot, drowsy afternoon and, if it was not for "Peter's punctual disturbances, one feels that it would be a scene of perfect, if desolate, peace.

A GREAT UPHEAVAL.

We were looking at the wood when thn. thing happened with a shock as sudden as if one's chair had unexpectedly broken under one With a sustained roar as uf a hundred Peters" It seemed as if all

the earth immediately beyond the wood leaped into the air. The trees screened the actual surface of the ground, so that, even looking down from our height, we saw only what rose above the tree-tops--

i am well aware that in even hinting at the possibility of cooperation between these two countries I nin treading on delicate ground. The fact that Ameri- can independence was wrested by force from uscht Britain colours the whole swirling, brown-black mass, reaching view when some American take of the almost the full length of the bit of wood- natural relations between the two land which wreathed and mounted slowly communities. Others are impatient of into the air. For a full 30 seconds we anything which they regard as a senti-watched the ugly mass rising lazily up- mental appeal to community of race; wards, while not a gun spoke. Then. as holding that in respect of important suddenly as the first shook had come sections of the American people this pandemonium broke louse, At first it community of race does not, in fact, seemed to be all our shrapnel. How many exist. Others, again, think that any gune we had trained on the devoted spot- argument based on a similarity of laws of shattered earth where the mines had and institutions belittles the greatness heen exploded it was impossible to guess, of America's contribution to the political but the precision of the fire was beatiful. development of the modern world.

The white tufts of the bursting shells were so thick together that almost instan- taneously the dark wall of smoka behind the wood had become pearl grey. And · then the madness spread.

HERITAGE OF ENGLISH-SPEAKING

of war, the appeal of humanity, nor the English-speaking

rights of neutrals.

is not the cause of peace, of progress, or of liberty which pre-occupies ner when in the name of freedom she urges funda- mental changes in maritime practice. Her manifest object is to shatter an obstacle which now standa in her way, as more than a hundred years ago it stood in the way of the masterful genius who was her oppressor and is her model. Now along this path are редсе and liberty to be obtained.

To paralyse naval power and leave military power uncontrolled is surely the worst injury which international law can inflict upon

PEOPLES.

We saw the concentration of fro upor a single point, when in a score of seconds

Rightly understood, however, what I have to say is quite independent of individual views on any of these sub-

In less than a couple of minutes from, jeeta. It is based on the unquestioned the first explosion of the mine, guns fact that the growth of British laws, more that I had dreamed could be con- British forms of government, British sealed there were in action along some literature and modes of thought was the slow work of centuries; that among the two or three miles of front. They were coheirs of these age-long labours were the not all our guns now; but as thickly as great men who founded the United they had been bursting beyond the wood, States; and that the two branches of the we saw the little telltale puffs of white peoples, after the rising mathematically along the lince of separation, developed along the enemy's trenches. There were other It must be admitted, therefore, that it parallel lines So it has come about that points where the smoke was soon almost

whether they be friendly or quarrelsome, ns danse as it was over that inferno be whether they rejoice in their agreements hind the trees. or cultivate their differences, they can no more get rid of a certain fundamental similarity of outlook than children born of the same parents and brought up in the same home. Whether, therefore, you study political thought in Great Britain or America, in Canada or in Australis, you will find it presents the sharpest and most irreconcilable contrast to political thought in the Prussian Kingdom, or in that German Empire into which, with no modification of aims or spirit, the Prussian Kingdom has developed. Hold- ing, as I do, that this war is essentially a struggle between these two ideals of ancient growth, I cannot doubt that in the result of that struggle America is no lass concerned than the British Empire. It

Now, if this statement, which. sents the most unchanging element in my enemy's, at any minute on any day. It politica .ced, has in it any element of is taking place. or something like it, at. truth, how does it bear upon the naron the average, half a dozen places in. rower issues upon which I dwelt in the each 24 hours. earlier portions of this interview 1 In It is not, of course, the great offen- other words, what are the practical consive." That will come when it coDIES. clusions to be drawn from it?

NOT A RELIEF FROM ARMAMENTE.

You ought to test the one guaranteed reliable treatment which has "made mankind. good for years in England, which bas taken America by storm and which has been awarded a gold medal and diploma of honour at Brussels, Belgium.

Nothing in history has ever approached OBTAINABLE EVERYWHERE the marvellous success of this new treat ment, which according to report, has made more thin folks plump than all the "tonics and ineffective medicines Ar fifty years.

There's a reason. Plump, woll zormed men and women assimilate what they eat. Thin, scrawny ones do not.

This new discovery aims to supply the one thing the thin folks lack, that is the power to assimilate food.

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[753

HONGKONG METEOROLOGICAL

REGISTER.

Let me confirm this truth by dwelling for a moment on an aspect of it which is, I think, too often forgotten. should be observed that even if the Ger- man proposal were carried out in its entirety it would do nothing to relieve the world from the burden of armaments, Fleets would still be indispensable But their relative value would suffer change. They could no longer be used to exercise pressure upon an enemy except in conjunction with an army. The gainers by the change would, therefore, be the nations who possessed armies--the military monarchies. Interference with trade would be stopped; but overses invasion would be permitted. The pro posed change would therefore not merely diminish the importance of sea power, but it would diminish it most in the case of non-military States, like America and Britain.

:

Suppose, for example, that Germany, in her desire to appropriate some Ger- manized portions of South America, came into conflict with the United States over the Monroe Doctrine. The United States, bound by the doctrine of "free dom of the seas," could aim no blow at Hongkong Observatory. Jane 22nd. her enemy until she herself had created a large army and become for the time Previous On Date On Date being a military community. Her sea

Day

power would be useless, or nearly 80, st3pm. 6 am,

2 pm.

Her land power would not exist.

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LEAHON OF GERMAN HISTORY.

But more than this might happen. Let ns suppose the desired change had been effected. Let us suppose that the mari time nations, accepting the new situation thought themselves relieved from all necessity of protecting their seaborne com- merce, and arranged their programmez naval shipbuilding ⠀⠀⠀⠀ necordingly,

repre-

**BERIND LAW THERE MUST RE POWER.

in

many shells burst over ons narrow half-acre of ground in the open, away from any landmark. Before us the vici- as anarling of machine guns told where, presumably, our men bad seen the enemy try to bolt from the craters left by the explosion, but, as always, the dominat- ing impression was that of mere din, malevolent, but unintelligible.

miles of line to 300 miles held by the The British are holding now nearly 90 French. What we have just seen was only an incirlent at a single point in all those 90 miles. The same thing may happen at any other on our initiative or the

Meanwhile, let no one in England or elsewhere underrate what the British Army is going through, for it is doing what, even a year or six months ago, would have been wildly impossible.

WAR

My own conclusions are these our time any substantial effort is to be made toward ensuring the permanent triumph of the Anglo-Saxon ideal, the great communities which accept it must work together. And in working together seems clear. If there is to be any effec- they must bear in mind that law is not Live section behind the desire of the enough.. Behind law there must be English-speaking peoples to preserve the nower. It is good that arbitration should world's peace and the free development be encouraged. It is good that the of the nations, that sanction must con- accepted practices of warfare should sist largoly, the potential use of sear and more. become ever more-humane. It is good power. For two generations that before peace is broken the would-be after the last great war Britain belligerenta should be compelled to discuss without a rival on the sea. During this their differences in some congress of the period Belgium became & State, Greece nations. It is good that the security of secured her independence, the unity of the smaller States should be fenced round Italy was achieved, the South American with peculiar care. But all the precau republics were established, the Monrow tions are mere scraps of paper unless Doctrine came into being. they can be enforced. We delude our To me it seems that the lesson to be selves if we think we are doing Gadrawn from history by those who love service merely by passing good resoltice, freedom, and security is not that tions. What is needed now, and will be Britain and Ameries should be deprived, or should deprive themselves, of the mari- needed so long as militarism is uncon- ouered, is the machinery for enforcing time powers they now possess, but that, powers should” bé them: and the contrivance of such a if possible, thuse machinery will tax to its utmost the organized in the interests of an ideal emmon to the two States, an ideal upon statesmanship of the world.

I have no contribution to make to the whose progressive realization the hap solution of the problem. Tat this much pinees and peace of the world must

(Continued on next Oplum) largely depend.