1916-05-23 — Page 7

AMERICA'S DUTY.

STIRRING SPEECH BY A MEMBER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRE- SENTATIVES.

The Hon. Augustus P. Gardner, of Massachusetts, speaking in the House of Representatives at Washington on Ame rica's right to export munitions of war, said: If public opinion were in ite ordinary rational state, this House would sooner vote to forbid the sale of straight Jackets to confine madmen than vote to forbid, the sale of war munitions to the Allies. When, however, a nation is in such a frame of mind that it makes

to

Harry Thaw & national hero, and fills the front pages of its newpapers with the sailings of a bedlam bost; when, more over, the times are such that we see strong- minded women and weak-ininded men vieing with each other in greeting burg lars with bouquets, and decorating mur- derers with mistletoe, then we need not be surprised to find that there are serious adherents to the doctrine. that the best to end the European war is to follow way liulgaria's example and stab the Allies

** Another reference. in the back. Berretary Lansing's declaration soat to Austria on August 12th. 1915, is followed hy the question, "Has anything hap pened to change the situation in 150 days? Yes, indeed. Congress has asser bel, and three groups of men are demanding the enactment of a law to stop the export of war material. The German-American demands the embarge out of love for the Fatherland, the cotton king joins in the chorus out of love for Mammon, and the pacifist adds his hallelujah out of love for God my word, I think the German-American is the best man of them all.

Upon

A

PArticle. T of The Hague Conven tion, No. 5 of 1907, reads like this: nentral Power is not called upon to pre- vent the export or transport, on behalf of one or other of the belligerents, of army, munitions of war, or in general, of anything which can be of use to any ..I think our position army or fleet,' was shown in Secretary Lansing's letter.

BRIFISH NAVAL SUPERIORITY. But now Germany seems to think that because Great Britain. can deliver goods which Great Britain purchases while Germany cannot deliver the goods which Germany purchases, therefore it is our duty to offset Great Britain's naval superiority by seeing to it that there shall be no goods sold here for anyone to deliver

If that doctrine is to prevail, why confine it to war malérial? many cannot deliver wheat or clothing or metals or hospital supplies. If strict neutrality, means strict elimination of all inequalities, we must stop the export of everything which any belligerent desires.

Ger

Apparently we are expected to act in the capacity of referee and insure fair play Very well! If we are to eliminate the inequality caused by the British feet, ought we not to offset the inequality caused by Krupp's German city of ammunition factories? Are we to disregard the fact that for years one of the belligerent teams has been quiet ly piling up war materials? Are we to turn ourselves into a court to decide whether all contestants got a fair start? What allowance must we make for the fact that Germany in the first few days by breaking the rules acquired control over all of Belgium's and most of France's coal and iron resources?

For the sake of peace the nation horn at Lexington and preserved at Gettysburg is to encourage pillage, savagery, and infidelity by showing the world that a nation may violate every las of God and man and yet be a gainer thereby. In order to stop the war we Americans, so far as we have the power, are to shear France of her defence against the ferocity which has turned fair Bel gium into a charnel house.. William P. Frye, the Fulabi, the Gulf Fight, the Orduna, the Nebraskan, the Hesperian, the Cushing, the Armenian, the Arabic, the Ancona, the Persia am not sure that we ought to be especially proud when we note how eagerly official Washington seems to accept and even to suggest oach unconvincing excuse for the dos:ruction-of-these ships.

The

FREEDOM OF THE BEAR. "I have listened in vain for a clear exposition of the German demand for the freedom of the seas, To whom in time of peace have the seats been otherwise than free for a hundred years past? It is quits Erno that Great Britain has been the greatest sea Power throughout that fine, but only the pirates could justly charge her with using that sea power to destroy the freedom of the seas."

wave.

BRITISH RECRUITING.

METHODS

SATIRICAL SPEECH BY MR. JUSTICE DARLING.

A remarkable speech was delivered by Mr. Justice Darling in summing up, in the King's Bench Division, the libel action of Captain Gilbert Nelson Reeves, City of London (Territorial) Regiment, against H. R. Bainos & Co. Ltd., pro prietors of the Bystupfer, and W B Smith & Son, the publishers.

Mr. Justice Darling said the sh interest in the action arose out of the manner in which this coury raised

forces for fighting the greatest military nation that ever was.

The country we were at war with had

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUMSDAY MÀI 2ND 1916.

SHAKESPEARE AND WAR.

SIR FREDERICK TOLLOCK'S ANALYSIS."

Bir Frederick Pollock in the course of an address to the Ancoats Brotherhood at the New Islington Hall on War and Diplomacy in Shakespeare," said that when he considered the bearing of Shakespeare's work on the subjects of war and diplomacy he was surprised to find how little the great dramatist ap. peared to be interested in the rapid changes that were going on both in diplo macy and the art of war in his time. The outward face of war, manœuvres, tactics, and fortifications were passing through critical changes because of the general use of firearma. One would ex pect to find, therefore, in the work of

much a keen observer as Shakespeare con siderable marks of these innovations and some evidence of curiosity about their working, but there was very little in the plays to show that Shakespeare the play a different system from ours. They wright could do anything with diplo gistered the people and made them serve mane art, even if he had any knowledge just as they made them pay taxes They of it, and that he never troubled himself war, The externals of both diplomacy did not recognise that there was anything much about the revolution in the art of degrading in serving their country any

and war figured in the works, and those more than we recognised that it was d3 grading to get prople to pay taxes for other people to serve.

Our system was quite new. We hil recruiting meetings, some in the eart yard of that building. Captain Rreves was supposed to act as a recruiting offi cer and meetings were got up in Trafal gar-square. At the meeting in question a photograph showed there were on the platform four chairs, which had on them the uniforms of three distinguished giments in the British Army. All of them

were propped up in the manner.custom- ary when one arranged a scarecrow." On. another chair was propped up the cent and hat of an ordinary civilian,

All this was arranged by recruiting officers. Then Paster Boal stood up and held up the battered remains of the hat of a conscientious objector. The uffie 18 were also shown holding the hat. By these means people were induced to enter the Army-an admirable, dignified, and em- barrassingly efficient system for raising recruits. (Laughter.)

PETER THE DENSIT'S DESCENDANT. It appeared to procced on procedent It reminded one of the time when Pater the Hermit preached in favour of the Crusades. Pastor Boal appeared to be a lineal descendant of Peter the Hermit, just as the people who came and joined in the Trafalgar-square meetings were de scendants of the Crusaders. That being the certified official system, 3,000 gathered in that military crowd in Trafalgar square and 19 joined the Army.

of war rather abundantly. There were passages about embassies and ambas sadors, a fair number of fights on the atage, and plenty of talk about guns and gunpowder but the treatment of public affairs and negotiation in Shakespeare was wholly subordinate to stage effect.

When Ministers and archbishops spoke on affairs of State thero was no play of dialectic or development of argument, Each speaker expressed his own view with little regard to conviction or reply, and the dramatist gave no indication of what he himself thought of the merits of the case: Perhaps the nearest approach

to a live negotiation on the stage was the conference between Hotspur, Glendower, and Mortimer over the map of England in the third act of Henry IV: part 1, but it was not a sample of diplomacy. The most likely explanation of Shake speare's eschewing of diplomacy was not that he was ignorant of it or indifferent to it, but that he did not find the matc rial suitable for stage uses.

TRADING WITH THE ENEMY ACT.

NOTE FROM THE UNITED STATES.

E. GREY'S REPLY.

On January 24th Mr. Page wrote to Sir Edward Grey -

The Secretary of State has given con- Eneay Act of December ag ith, the

to

parent object of which is to prevent Kingdon from trading with enemies of Aimerson doing business in the United Great Britain or persons having enemy associations in say other part of the world, and has reached the conclusion that this Act is pregnant with possibili ties of undue interference with American trade; if in fact, such interference is ant now being practised. tone

SHIPPING IN PORT

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VISITORS AT HOTELS.

MF. C. Allen

HONGKONG HOTEL!

ED.

Matr., 23,300, Tuebbin, 20th H. Blck ston

CHENAN,

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M-T. W; Hornby Mr W J. Hant Mr R. Hunt Mr.Itoh H.A.J. Johnr'on Miew M. Jo mrton MA. B. Jordon Mins L. G. Jones

Mr & Mr F. G. Jores

Mr E Acous

Mr M. Josoph MeN. P. Karanjia Mrs JL. Keith Mim K. Keith Mr E. H Kolb Dr A. T. Kroderee Mr W. H. Lambert Mr C. Imarition Mr 5. Longfield

Mr A. Lord

Mr & Mrs Louis

Mr A. Lunings

MY G. Manubi

Haj, D. MalDonaİKİ

W. F

rworthie V

AIANA, British str., 2,297, S. B. Betts, 21st May Penang 11th May, Gen eral.-Dodwell & Co. BUZEN MARU, Japanese str.,1,809, Mat W. R. Allen

sumoto, 14th May-Hakata 7th May, We A kol Anderson Coal-Miteni Bussan Kaisha.Me R. L. Atkinson 16th May Bhanghai 13th May, Geu- Me H. Munay Baa eral-Osaka Shosen Kaisha. Mr J. H Haring The following is the text of the notes CANADA MARU, spaces str. T. Baru, Mrs Geo, G. Fall which have been exchanged between the American Ambassador, Mr. Page, and CASTLEFIELD, British str., 1,521, A. Coc. Mr & Mn E. Sir Edward Grey with reference to the 17th May Saigon 12th May, Rice Barony

Mim P, Batan Trading with the Enemy (Extension of Order, de

·CACIQUE,

Americanstr., 4,643, J. ELMER. Belilies Powers) Act, 1015; ~

19th May San Francisco Mr R. B. Bilica. General Order, Mr J, D. J. B II

R. J. Birbook Alay Shanghai 16th May, General Butterfield Swire.

H. Bishop CHENGTY, British ate, 1,538, F. Spood, Mr33 locker Capt B. Branch MC.H Brown Tom 19th May Bangkok 11th May, Rice Mr. Blythe CHINGCHOW; Britishpur Parsevel

ad Teak Butlerheld & Si Jas Doyle, 18th May-Port Parsoval 12th Mr B. M. Bryan

Stone Showan, Tomes

Mr & Mca May

A. Bingant Com

Sara Capt L. T. Borreon. CarYGEN Chinese str., 1,127, W. B. Ross,

15th May--Shanghai

May, Mis M. Bakan

KEBU General-Order. SA Mr.T.J. Furos

& Mm But DERWENT, British str., 3,962, Jenkins and family

15th May-Saigon 11th May, Bice. Mr. Chadburna GEMENT, British str., 1,387, Jones, 17th Me P. Chriflgias |

Wakamatsu 11th May, Coal Mr H. A. R, Cart May

Mr II. J. Coomben HATAN, British str., 1,183, J. 8. Thom Mr 4. B. Cows t

son, 21st May-Foochow 19th May, MJ T General. Douglas Lapraik & Co. May-Toursné 18th May, ...Order. HANARET, American str., 2,073, J. M. Anderson, 14th May-Saigon 9th May Rice and General Order KACHIDATE MARU, Japanese str., 1,983,

Muranaha, 16th May-Miike 10th Coal-Mitsui Busaan Kaisha. KALGAN, British str., 1,137 Laver,

May Saigon 16th May, Rice Butter:-* It has therefore been thought necessary.

feld & wire. to bring these views to the attention of KENEON MARU, Japanese str., 1,683, his Majesty's Government, and to present Basaki, 17th May New York 15th

April, Case Oil and General-Sher&Mrs Geo. H. a formal reservation of the right of the

wan, Tames & Co.

Mim MC Fairchild Government of the United Blates to pro- test against the application of this Act Kumonow, British str., 1.450. JW. Martin L Fadroh la in so far as it affects the trade of the 18th May Saigon 15th May, General United States by imposing restrictions MARU, Japanese str. 774, M.

Order:

As the Secretary of State is inclined to share the opinion generally held in the United States that in the framing of this Act the right of persons domiciled in the United States whether American citizens or subjects of the countries, at war with Great Britain--to carry on trade with persons in belligerent coun-HAILAN, French Br, 330 tries has been overlooked, and that the exercise of this right may be subject to denial or abridgment in the course of the enforcement of the above-mentioned Act, the Government of the United States" is constrained to express to his Majesty's apprehensions Government the grave which are entertained on this subject, both by it and by traders domiciled in the United States:

upon its freedom,*****

On February 28th Sir Edward Grey replied:

Order.

21st

21st

Mr£

Cournd R. Crick Mr N. Croncher HS. T. Uningham MJ Conningban Mr & Mn ▼ G.

Darby and child Capt J. Lewat Mr&Mrs F. E. Davis

J. Dewar Mr F. 8. Douglas MMM. E. Daffy

M&W Datas

· Mr J. H. Edwards

.P. Elliott Marer B. Blott

Falsekild

Mrs C. Finlayson MET:8. Foter

Foster

Mr G. G. Fry

Mr J. Gibb

V. Blenn

Mr.V. Goudbourn Mr. A. G. Gordon' D. Ghore

Mr J. D. Granby L«Graves

Tadokoro, 20th May--Bangkok 12th May, Rice. Order, A LARRTE, British str., 1,340, Jenkins, 20th The Act was framed with the object of

May Saigon May, Rice bringing British Trading with the

Order. Enemy Regulations into greater harmony LAISANG, British str., 2,224, F. Mooney with fise adopted by the French Govern-10th May-Calcutta 22nd April, Gen ment since the commencement of the war. eral-Jardine, Matheson & Co. by applying in some degree the test of Mann, Norwegian str., 649, Svensen, 13thn F. J. Ony

the determination of MayBangkok 5th May, Ricer G. Hamel nationality in

Mr&EN W. A enemy character in addition to the old test of domicile, which, experience has NAUNSMITH, American. str. 1,767, T. K. Hannibal

Wamage, 16th May-Kobe 7th May, Mr & Mrs R L. shown, cannot provide a sufficient basis under modern commercial conditions for General Order. measures intended to deprive the enemy NINGPO, British str., 1,238, McCulloch, Mr A Hanson

20th May Saigon 17th May, Rise Mr MA Hamburger and Flour Butterfeld & Swire Mr G. Harper of all assistance, direct or indirect, from national resources.

PRODUCE, Norwegian str., 743 Mr A. Her

NO MORAL JUDGMENT.A Turning to the field of war, Sir Frederick pointed out that Shakespeare's work contained no general moral jung ment about war, Like Justinian, he ac cepted it among the inevitable facts of life Princes and nations fought, and arus was the natural profession of a gentleman. Shakespeare as a playwright was offered not only stirring incidents, but precions occasions for developing every kind of character Falstaff being one of the most notable examples. The need for rapid action on the Elizabethan stage limited the presentation of actual warfare to a series of personal episodes, For any recognition of military science His Majesty's Government realized, One mau in whose veins the blood done must turn to the satirical romantic however, that the application of this not course so fiercely made use of the ex: drama of "Troilus and Cressida and principle to its fullest extent, while I don't recommend people to for the businesslike anecdote to the legen entirely legitimate and in accordance pression,

liftans are our day play of Cymbeline The spec these countries, brothers. People had different views, of Ulysses on the discontented Ajax night, if applied at the present time to those of British subjects, involve avoid- The successor of Peter the Hermit his followers in "Troilus might be sa 1 commercial activities as widespread as thought it well to hold up the hat of the to embody the staff officer's view of war.

traders. interrupter and display it.

"If I had been there," said his lord ship, I think I should bave said to the man-it might have got another recruit-

our The Germans may have been brothers, but may I remind you, sir. that Abel had a brother N

What was done with the person who

was called a peace crank." I Pastor Boal exhibited the man's hat to the crowd much as Mark Antony did the toga of Casar.

The scond lieutenant in the Regular Army who had drawn the picture ported Missing" drew another picture of a person wheeling a perambulator. Perhaps it was thought that picture would rather encourage and increase the male population. The prosecutors in the case of the former cartoon did not go be fore an ordinary cynical court like the one that might be found at Bow-street, bat before un alderman at the Mansion House. When the alderman saw the pic ture of the saddier with the bottle of rum he fined the Hylinder £100 and the edi- tor £50. He had not finished with them there. There was the second lieutenant who drew the other picture as well: must be punished, too, just to encourage recruiting, and so the alderman fined häm £50.

TWO VIEWS OF THE CARTOON,

·Order

Havock

Winsnes, 18th Bkok 11tb ] Mr W. B. Hind

May, Rice-Order PROMETHEUS, Norwegian a

Dr 3. Mandiots Lapt

MoGCombe

Mr WCI Mr D. MoMur ay Mr B. K. Möhta Dr G... FeKean Mr & Me C. Mendel MPY Mareohi Mr J. E. Miller Mr & Mr C. F

Minnist Mis Moon Mr D. Morrison KEF Mus

Dr & Mr Forus and

Mr A. F. Piffmer Mr.F.H.

Mr. L. flicka dron Mr J. M. Hone

Mr. JH, Gourle

Miam H. Blog 12

Mr Mn). B. Shaw Mr Mrs TW

Bimmons

Bimmie and daugh ar

Mr J. Spend Mr.A. B Borensen Mr. V. Berty Me J. Bouker Mr J. W. Stockhouse Min E. G. Barong

Bleathers

my 8: Titish Mr H H. H. Taylor MA. L. Tidd Mr E M. Tozer Mr B. Vlyen

& M J. H. Wallace

Mr & Mrs ́G.

Mr H. &. Wontink

My E. V. Whetaol

Mr W. Hodgs-Mr. P. White 1,024, HHnA. E. Hodgins Mim K_M. Willsons 10th May, Mrá Mu L. Ü. Hol- Mr H. R. Wilcon

Mr &, G. Wood

General & SKIBETONO haru, Japanese str., 2,459, T. | Mr A. Fhilton Hooper

densen, 20th May Saigon 10th Ma

Takemura. 20th May-Moji 13th,

Cont.-Osaka Shosen Kaishu.

In the same scene the professional peasable inconvenience and loss to innocent Mayo Japanese str., 1,805. A.

mist was piiloried"a slave whose gall coins slanders like a mint Se

Boagu

15th May, General,--Osaka Shosen Kai- sha SKIKYO MARU, Japanese str., 6,371, W.CMrs Hens almond

S. Filmer, 19th May-San Fran Mr G Bannerman esco 22nd April, General. Toyo Kisen Kaisha.

Kobayashi, 21st May Takno

KING EDWARD HOTEL

Mr & MT. B. Chong Mr G. Fritz vi

They were careful, therefore, in deris The line given to the messenger at thang the necessary legislation not only opening of Henry VI."-doubtful lines to avoid any definition which would im which might, however, have been touched pose enemy status upon all persons of by Shakespeare's revising hand-referred enemy nationality and associations, but also to take powers of discrimination to various factions. One fell pat for our which would enable them to apply thecom, Dutch str., Bauer, 21st May M de Graff latest variety of politician, the air sor

Singapore 15th May, General-Java T. N. Gregory

T Gos vice candidate Another would By purely commercial restrictions content-

China-Japan Lijn.. swift, but wanteth wings and the other plated only in regard to those persons equally pat for those who desired to dis-whom it was necessary in Brita STRINDA, Norwegian str., 3,485, Lendal, Mr & Mr Hammes and cuss terms of peace in detail before the interests to withhold the facilities afford-12th May-New York 10th Aprilling chlidren Fast

He Wm. Case Oil and General Standard Oil, Hr

Jackson enemy was beaten

TAIYUAN, British str. 1,500, D. W. Grier. Mr J. Joseph

son, 30th April Australia 31st March, Mr A. Tambien

BMWR. G. Lambden Gonera-Butterfield & Swire

Mr T.Leman TAMING, British str. 1,356, Penrefather,

Mr H. Merphy

ed by British resources, *****

His Majesty's Government have there- A third man thinks, without expense at fore abstained from a course of action

Rall By gaileful fair words penes may be admittedly within their rights as belli- gerents, which is not only the existing obtain'd.

practice of the French Government, but FRIGHTFULNESA,"

strict accordance with the doctrine Shakespearo took the usages of wir openly avowed by many other States to just as he found them, but in one passage be the basis upon which their Trading in Henry V the Prussian devil's with the Enemy Regulations would be policy of frightfulness stood rebuked: founded in the event of war, have confin

ed themselves to nassing a piece of purely We give express charge that in our

domestic legislation empowering them to marches through the country there be

restrict the netivities and trade of persons nothing compelled from the villages, no- thing taken but paid for, none of the ander British jurisdiction in such a man French upbraided or abused in disdainner and to such an extent as may seem ful language, for when lenity and ernelty to them to be necessary in the national play for a kingdom the gentlest gamester interest, detent is the soonest winner. That was the Shakespeare whom the Germans pretend ed to understand better than his own countrymen dida

Someone might ask if Shakespeare thought that England was worth fighting for Apart from such splendid passages as John of Gaunt uttered in Richard 11, the answer was written over all his work. Besides," Sir Frederick adhd, there are some questions really foo im pertinent to be put to any honest Eng lisk gentleman, even when he is dead and immortalised these three hundred years

Now it turned out that there was an- other malefactor. What the alderman would have done to the other one his lord ship could not think. Someone who lived at Somerset House put up the cartoon; along with some of these legenda which were from time to time apologised for in Parliament--by one Minister or another. Whoever presided at Somerset House had put up the very picture which the By stunder had published with the object of attracting people to join the Army His lordship supposed the idea was, What a large bottle of rum you will get."

In the course of an article, entitled Laughter. The view of the alderman at "Is Germany Winning" in Collier

GERMANYS BLUFF

the Mansion House was, 'This won't on Weekly, Mr. Frederick -

His Majesty's Government readily ad- it the right of persons of any nation ality resident in the United States to engage in legitimate commercial transac tions with any other persons. They can not admit, however, that this right can ernments to restrict the commercial in any way limit the right of other Gov- activities of their nationals in any man- ner which may seem desirable to them by the imposition of prohibitions and penal ties which are operative solely upon per- sors under their jurisdiction.

In claiming this right, which appears

FORTHCOMING EVENTS.

I wonder whether Germany would

to them to be inherent in sovereignty prove a more considerate ruler of the

and national independence, his Majesty's Government desire to assure the United But these are war times and Great Britain claims the right to

States Government that they will exercise prevent supplies from reaching Germany That is what a Navy is for Just

it with every possible care to avoid in ture to think that the voluntary limita san Army besieges a city, 50 a uavy

jury to neutral commerce, and they ven beleaguers a country. The purpose in both cases is to force a surrender as courage recruiting; it is wicked" but American writer, says: mer, the ion of their powers by the terms of the Trading with the Enemy (Extension of result of hunger and privation. Nothing it was vory lucky for the official at Somer Germany insists that she is winning Powcas) Act, 1915, is evidence of their so surely as hunger arouses

the civil

consideration for population and the army, alike to demand set House that the alderman did not know She tells her people that she is. But desire and intention to not, with he

greatest possible. he put it up. What the alderman would have you ever looked through the Ger- relief.

So the Germane found when in have fined a person in that position y man papers for copies of letters by neutral interests. 1871 Paris surrendered to avoid starva- tion. So the North found in 1865, whening in a house of that size his lordship French or British soldiers, or of letters

from-their-relatives at home, which su Pemberton with gaunt famine staring could not imagine.

gested any thought of yielding him in the face surrendered Vicksburg to

The Bystander were the people who with every batch of German prisoners Grant

bought the wicked cartoon which was concaptured, scores of such letters are found The apesch proceeds to discuss the sidered at Somerset House to encourage in their possession. The German soldiers difficulties of those who would separate recruiting and at the Home Office and are showing the strain. Their efficiency the genuine from the spurions in neutral the jury must punish them well this time is decreasing; that of France and Eng

and winds up with a passionate Whereas the alderman scourged them land increasing. Trade, appeal to American ideals. I do not with whips, the jury must scourge them Bat Germany is never going to iso believe that the nation has receded so with scorpions. That was the argument the world a sign that she is losing. far from the ideals of the fathers that of the plaintiff. The verdict must be for one chance that Germany has of winning we are ready to cripple democracy in the the plaintiff because the defendants had is the chance that gave Japan victory. supreme moment of its agonising strug published a libel against him, and it was Though beaten, she may keep her secrets gle. The issue between military for the jury to say what were the fair so close, conceal her wounds so well, that autocracy and deingcracy must be fought damages, which the plaintiff was entitled she will give the appearance of victory and deceive her enemies into compromise. out or the world will have to lasting

But if the Allies keep on for another harmony. If by any acts of ours Ger- to demand.

eighteen months, and if they hold to many's success shall be fostered, God help

there gether,

doubt that Germany 18. no democracy, and God help our genera

will be beaten." tion's place in the world's annals!

The jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff, assessing the damages at £350. Judgment accordingly, with costs.

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